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2023 Dubuque Community Equity ProfileCopyrighted June 5, 2023 City of Dubuque Consent Items # 06. City Council Meeting ITEM TITLE: 2023 Dubuque Community Equity Profile SUMMARY: The Community Foundation of Greater Dubuque's 2023 Dubuque Community Equity Profile has been provided. SUGGESTED Suggested Disposition: Receive and File DISPOSITION: ATTACHMENTS: Description Type Dubuque Community Equity Profile - 2023 Supporting Documentation EVERYONE RESOURCE AND OPPORTUNITIES ...requires a baseline understanding of its strengths and opportunities for improvement. How are diverse communities succeeding in our community? What challenges do they face? The Community Equity Profile is a way to measure what is and is not working for the people of Dubuque. In August 2022, we set out to update Dubuque's Equity Profile, which we first published in 2015. The reason for doing this was simple: Dubuque had changed dramatically. The region's population grew in number as well as in its racial, ethnic and cultural diversity. The most significant public emergency in generations — the COVID-19 pandemic — and national attention on issues of racial equity led leaders to seek greater understanding of how the lives of people from diverse backgrounds are shaped by systems like education, housing and health care. The time had come for an Equity Profile that reflected life in Dubuque in 2022-23. The first iteration of the Equity Profile led to numerous community initiatives aimed at dismantling barriers to resources, improving key health and well-being indicators, and generally helping build a Dubuque where all people can thrive. Our goal today is for local leaders to draw insights from this updated profile and use this knowledge to approach Dubuque's challenges with the same thoughtfulness and eye toward equity as in past years. We welcome you to take a journey through our Community Equity Profile. MORE THAN JUST THIS SUMMARY. It is a process that uncovers how diverse groups are affected by various systems. The process to update to the 2015 Equity Profile began in August 2022 with the training of volunteers to facilitate community conversations over seven months. These conversations, each of which focused on a different topic, helped glean insight from community members as they shared their perspectives, stories and experiences. In addition, we distributed online surveys on each month's topic. Through a partnership with TH Media, publisher of the Telegraph Herald newspaper, we kicked off each month with a panel discussion featuring a data presentation and Q&A with community leaders. These discussions were held at Steeple Square and streamed online. Finally, we collected publicly available data to provide context for the community's input. This summary provides an overview of the data and community feedback, shedding light on what disparities exist among Dubuque's diverse communities and also highlighting what is working. We invite local leaders to use it as an evolving tool that guides decision -making. TABLE OF CONTENTS Demographics 4 Housing 6 Workforce & Economic Well-being 10 Education 14 Health & Wellness 18 Arts & Culture 22 Safe Neighborhoods 26 Transportation 30 DU UQUE DEMOGRAPHICS To understand the experiences of diverse populations in Dubuque, we need to know just who calls Dubuque home. We have collected current demographic data that provides context for the information contained in the Equity Profile and provides an overview of how Dubuque has changed over time. After you explore these statistics, read on to view snapshots on each topic. Population Growth Dubuque County/State of Iowa 20% 11 Dubuque County State of Iowa 102,818 3,357,879 :4 5% Source: Total population data 2000-2020 2,929,067 from the U.S. Dept. of Commerce. All Q) data 2025-2040 are projected by Woods 0% & Poole; residential population as of 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 July 1 ........................................................................................................................................ Age Composition City of Dubuque, Previous Equity Profile vs. Current Data 19 & under 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70+ Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates: 2013 and 2020 4 CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS Demographic Composition - Race & Ethnicity City of Dubuque Asian Black Latino Native American Pacific Islander Some other race Two or more races White Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2010 - 2020 City of Dubuque Race/Ethnicity 2010 2020 Asian 659 690 Black 2,302 3,745 Latino 1,383 2,220 Native American 155 223 Pacific Islander 268 798 Some other race 366 769 Two or more races 1,018 2,648 White 52,869 50,794 Source: U.S. Census Bureau Percent Change in Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2010 - 2020 City of Dubuque Asian Black Latino 160.1 °i° Native American Pacific Islander Some other race Two or more races White 110.1 62.7% 43.946 4.7% -3.9% 5 66 tt 66 11 yy AFFORDABILITY Housing is considered affordable when costs do not exceed 30% of the household's income. THE DATA No- Nearly 50% of Black households in Dubuque spend over 50% of their annual income on housing. No -Since the previous Equity Profile, the number of households at 0-30% of the area median income increased by 22%, but the number of affordable units for this population decreased by 25%. FROM THE SURVEY ►45% of renters said they either agreed or strongly agreed with the statement, "In my current living situation, I have concerns about insufficient funds." WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►A theme that emerged was that people feel Dubuque is missing affordable housing, especially starter homes. ►Participants said that when IBM came to town, rents increased. However, rents have stayed high even though IBM has left. Housing Affordability by Income Group City of Dubuque 15,000 Households 0 Affordable Units 10,000 5,000 0 0-30%AMI 30-50%AMI 50-80%AMI >80%AMI AM/ stands for Area Median Income Source: CHAS Data Set, 2014-2018 Housing Cost Burden City of Dubuque ■ Less than 30% of income on ■ 30-50% of income on housing housing More than 50% of income on housing Asian Black Hispanic Native Other Pacific White American Race Islander Source: CHAS Data Set, 2014-2018 Housing 7 FAIR ACCESS Fair access means all people have equal opportunity to be considered for and find resources related to rental units, purchase of property, housing loans and property insurance. THE DATA ►Only 9% of Black households own their home, compared to 63% for the entire population. Po -While home ownership for Asian households grew by 17% since the previous profile, ownership for Hispanic households fell by 16%. FROM THE SURVEY ►80% of respondents who identify as Latino, Black or Middle Eastern and North African strongly agreed that they had experienced bias, discrimination or exclusion in Dubuque related to housing. At the same time, 54.5% of respondents who are renters either agreed or strongly agreed. ►When asked whether it would be easy for them to access services to assist with the process of looking for a home, 60% of renters disagreed or strongly disagreed, compared to just 23% among all respondents. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ► Participants indicated that there is not enough housing for people with mobility and accessibility concerns. ► Landlords and tenants both say they experience a language disconnect; this is particularly prevalent among international students. ►Some participants shared that it's easier for renters to find affordable, quality housing if they have a personal relationship with a landlord. Owner Occupied vs. Renter Occupied City of Dubuque Owner Occupied Renter Occupied Asian Black it Hispanic Native American Other Race •'� Pacific Islander 11' White 0% 25% 50% 75% Source: CHAS Data Set, 2014-2018 HOMELESSNESS & SECTION 8 THE DATA WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING OP -There were over twice as many homeless ► Dubuque needs more students in the Dubuque Community School transitional housing to support District during 2021 than there were in 2018 (IA its unhoused population. Dept. of Ed). ►During the first half of 2022 there was an average of 54 housing vouchers "on the street" per month, compared to an average of 5.5 from the first half of 2015 (HUD). 100% Housing QUALITY THE DATA ►78% of people making less than 50% of the area median income are experiencing at least one of the four housing problems identified by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (graph to the right). FROM THE SURVEY ►The physical condition of their home was the most identified concern for respondents of the survey, including 36% of all respondents and 67% of renters. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING Op- "It is important that the community works together to raise the floor of what is considered acceptable for affordable housing." ►From a resident living at a mobile home park: "It is embarrassing to live in this type of housing." Access to Quality Housing City of Dubuque HUD's 4 identified housing problems: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities 3. More than one person per room 4. Cost burden greater than 30% (affordability) Affordability comprises 89.7% of the problems in Dubuque. ■ None of the 4 housing problems ■ 1 or more of the 4 housing problems 3,000 2,000 1,000 80-100% AMI 50-80% AMI 30-50% AMI 0-30% AMI AMI stands for Area Median Income Source: CHAS Data Set, 2014-2018 Themes and comments from conversation attendees Olt- In 2015 and today, people noted a lack of accessibility to housing resources, which creates a barrier to obtaining a house. ►In 2015 and today, people said there is an absence of affordable rent in Dubuque. ►Tensions exist between landlords and tenants around issues of property maintenance and also due to discrimination and cultural differences. Suggestion: Establish a way to encourage education, collaboration and communication among landlords, tenants and community members seeking housing. Landlords and renters agreed that this could help break down barriers. Housing 66 Yl 11 DIVERSITY IN THE WORKFORCE THE DATA WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►Both the percentage of Dubuque's workforce ►Many people commented that while Dubuque is that is Black and the percentage that is Pacific making strides to be more inclusive in its Islander have more than doubled since the workforce, there is still a lot of work to do. previous Equity Profile. ►Respondents felt that opportunities for international students were limited. FROM THE SURVEY ►While only 14.2% of all respondents felt their workplace was not equitable or inclusive, that number was 50% for Black respondents, 26% for women (compared to 7% for men), and 43% for people with a disability (compared to 12% without). ►Nearly 40% of respondents agreed that they had experienced bias, discrimination or exclusion in Dubuque related to employment. 75% of individuals with disabilities agreed, as did the two respondents who are veterans. Workforce Composition by Race/Ethnicity and Gender City of Dubuque Pacific Islander .5% Asian Latino 1.8% 2% Two or _more races / 2.3% Black Native 3.8% American .3% Some other race .5% Source: American Community Survey, 5-year estimates: 2020. Latino is considered by the Census to be an ethnicity, not a race, so numbers will add up to over 100%. Women Men Workforce & Economic Well -Being 11 UNEMPLOYMENT & POVERTY Poverty Rate by Gender and Age City of Dubuque Under 18 years 20.5% 18-64 Years 15.5% 65 Years and Older 14.9% 4.9% 10.3% 5113; 4 5 7% 16% ■ Less than 50% of ■ Less than 100% of ■ Less than 125% of the poverty level the poverty level the poverty level Source: American Community Survey, 5-year Estimates: 2020 THE DATA ►Since the previous Equity Profile, every racial and ethnic group's unemployment rate declined or remained the same except the Black community's, which increased 12.6%. FROM THE SURVEY ►When asked what was the most important issue they faced in Dubuque related to their economic situation, respondents selected "unemployment" the least (2%) of any available option. ►Respondents with lower incomes were more confident in their ability to find organizations that offer employment services, with 92% of those making less than $50,000 a year agreeing, compared to 58% of those making more than $100,000 a year. Poverty Rate by Race & Ethnicity City of Dubuque Asian®' 33.1 % Black ' 1.6% Latino 0% Native American Pacific Islander Some other race ' 2.6% Two or more races 04.7% White . Less than 50/o of ■ Less than 100% of ■ Less than 125% of the poverty level the poverty level the poverty level Source: American Community Survey, 5-year Estimates: 2020 WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►Respondents identified transportation, child care, poor internet access and a lack of financial knowledge as key barriers to employment and moving out of poverty. Workforce & Economic Well -Being 12 INCOME & CAREER ADVANCEMENT THE DATA ►While Dubuque's median household income has increased over 23% to $54,938 since the previous Equity Profile, the median household income for Black households is just $12,068. FROM THE SURVEY ►"Equitable pay" was identified by 29% of respondents as the most important issue they face in Dubuque as it relates to their economic situation, making it the most frequently chosen option. Insufficient health and retirement benefits and career advancement (both 21 %) were the next most common choices. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"I don't earn enough on a single income to live in decent housing. The messages of equity and inclusion that my employer sends do not always ring true in actuality." ►In a Spanish -language community conversation, individuals felt that it was more difficult for them to advance in their career compared to their white colleagues. Median Household Median Earnings by Income by Race/Ethnicity Gender City of Dubuque City of Dubuque All races & $54,938 Male $49,499 ethnicities Asian $59,659 Female $37,817 Black 1 $12,068* Latino $60,250 Native $17,452 American Pacific $34,338 Islander Some $82.958 other race Two or $49,423 more races White $57,063 Source: American Community Survey, 5-year Estimates, 2020 *2019 data substituted for missing 2020 data Source: American Community Survey, 5-year Estimates, 2020 Earnings are for full-time, year-round workers with earnings. Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►Gender discrimination —such as different expectations of how women should act in the workplace — and ageism are still prevalent. OP -There are little to no resources and education opportunities for employers about hiring immigrants. Suggestion: Focus on earn -and -learn pathways to allow for development and advancement. Workforce & Economic Well -Being 13 T tt tt yy STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT THE DATA Students Proficient in Reading ►64% of all Dubuque Community School District Dubuque Community School District students are reading at grade -level. That number drops to 46% for students of low socio-economic status, 32% for Black students, and 11 % for Pacific All students Islanders. ►Between the 2019 and 2021 school years, the graduation rate at Dubuque public high schools dropped from 88.45% to 81.91 %. ►In 2021, the graduation rate was 69.1%for Hispanic students, 65.9% for students of low socio-economic status, and 56.1 % for Black students. FROM THE SURVEY ►95% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that "Student success in the classroom" was a concern, making it the No. 1 issue in the survey. ►60% of respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement "I am confident our schools are meeting the needs of students;' including 69% of parents and 73% of educators who responded. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►From an educator: "I really worry about the kids I send on to high school. Most of my students fail a lot of classes, yet still move on without the skills they need to succeed" ►"Our school system is doing the best it can with the limited resources our state legislature gives them" Asian Black Hispanic ' Pacific Islander White Two or more •� races • •'' Low socio- economic status Students with disabilities Third -graders only 2018-2019 2021-2022 Reading proficiency by the end of third grade is a key indicator of high school graduation and future academic achievement. Source: Iowa Dept. of Public Education Education 15 DIVERSITY THE DATA ►Nearly one quarter of Dubuque Community School District students are from minority populations. ►The percentage of students who are Pacific Islanders has nearly doubled since the previous Equity Profile. FROM THE SURVEY ►Two-thirds of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had concerns about discrimination in Dubuque's schools. 00-39% of respondents said they had experienced bias, discrimination or exclusion in Dubuque related to preschool and K-12 education or education -related services. This number jumps to 57% for respondents who identify as "Hispanic, Latinx or Hispanic Origin" and 100% for parents of children with disabilities. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING No. "We need to improve services and opportunities for students with disabilities." No. "I don't think schools understand the needs of students with diverse backgrounds." Student Demographics by Race & Ethnicity Dubuque Community School District Hispanic 4.8% Native Black American Pacific ;�„ 9.7% 0.1% Islander ,vo or nore aces i.9% Includes pre-K students Source: Iowa Dept. of Public Education, 2021-2022 school year EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT THE DATA Income by Education and Gender No -The average annual earnings for women with a City of Dubuque bachelor's degree ($41,114) is less than the average annual earnings for men with only a high school Less than high diploma ($42,528). school graduate FROM THE SURVEY ►76% of respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that their community offers quality higher education/post-secondary opportunities. However, respondents with advanced degrees were the most likely to disagree or strongly disagree (18%). WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING No, "I stayed for college/university here because of the quality education." No. "Most of the schools are religious -affiliated, and since I'm not Christian, I experienced discrimination during undergraduate years." High school graduate (includes equivalency) Some college or associate's degree �.. Bachelor's degree Graduate or professional degree Male 0 Total Female Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2020 Education 16 STUDENT & TEACHER WELL-BEING THE DATA Chronic Absentee Rate ►Between the 2018-19 and the 2021-22 school Dubuque Community School District years, the percentage of students chronically absent more than doubled from 12.5% to 27.4%. All students = 2018-2019 ►During August and September 2022, 419 students 2021-2022 visited the new Brain Health Retreat Rooms at Asian Hempstead and Dubuque Senior high schools. FROM THE SURVEY ►80% of parents agreed or strongly agreed that their children feel a sense of belonging at their schools. ►81.1 % of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had concerns about bullying in school. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"Teachers have multiple roles outside of their job description. They need to be compensated financially for their demanding job." ►"The concept of a neighborhood school for pre-K and later is important! Ours has buddy groups, student of the month recognition, events, etc." Black Hispanic Native American Pacific Islander White Two or more races Low socio- economic status Students with disabilities Chronic Absenteeism is when a student misses at least 10% of school days. Source: Iowa Dept. of Public Education L79.6 Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►Pacific Islander high school students said they feel misunderstood and that there is lack of connection between their parents and school administrators. ►In 2015 and today, people expressed the need for representation of diverse populations among school staff. ►A cultural shift in how educators are perceived has caused an exodus of teachers. ►Some attendees indicated that they feel racial discrimination continues in high schools, both in peer -to -peer interactions and with educators. ►With technology more prevalent in education, are teachers properly trained? Suggestion: Build networks that support the personal and professional well-being teachers. Education 17 tt yy 66 HEALTH & CONTRIBUTING FACTORS THE DATA ►Dubuque County reported higher rates of heart disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2021 than in 2014 (see charts below). ►In Dubuque County, the rate of infection for chlamydia increased by 40% between 2014 and 2021, while the rate of infection for gonorrhea nearly tripled during that time period. FROM THE SURVEY 00-61 % of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had concerns about "Hospitals and Clinics;' which was one of the lowest rated concerns in the survey. However, this number rose to 100% for individuals with chronic illnesses that require ongoing accommodations. 00-76% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they receive quality health care from their provider. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"My first surgeon discounted the severity of my pain for months before I left to find another surgeon. I believe this was because of my race." ►"Dubuque County Health did a GREAT JOB getting information out during the pandemic. I am proud of the dedication of local health care leaders" Percent of Population - Chronic Disease Dubuque County 2014 02021 1111 COPD Cardiovascular Disease 1111 Diabetes Heart Disease Percent of Population - Contributing Factors Dubuque County 2014 Binge Not Drinking Exercising 2021 so M Overweight Smoking Source: Iowa Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS): 2014 & 2021 "Percent" refers to rate of response from individuals who completed BRFSS survey and are not weighted. "Overweight" refers to responents who are overweight or obese, meaning having a Body Mass Index greater than 25. The COPD number includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. Health & Wellness 19 BRAIN HEALTH & SUBSTANCE ABUSE THE DATA Percentage of Population - Depression ►According to the Iowa Behavioral Risk Factor Dubuque County Surveillance System, approximately 38% of Dubuque respondents had at least one day in the past 30 with poor brain health. FROM THE SURVEY ►The three largest areas of concern identified in the survey were "Brain (Mental) Health Treatment" (89% agreed or strongly agreed), "Use of Other Substances [not alcohol or tobacco]" (89% agreed or strongly agreed), and "Access to Substance Abuse Treatment" (81 % agreed or strongly agreed). ►Over 59% of respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that it is easy to access brain health services. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"My copayments for mental health counseling are so high that I don't go as often as I'd like because it's not affordable." FOOD INSECURITY ■2014 2021 For how many days during the past 30 days was your mental health not good? Dubuque County Source: BRFSS: 2014 and 2021. "Percent" refers to rate of response from individuals who completed BRFSS survey and are not weighted. FROM THE SURVEY ►Approximately one -quarter of respondents (24%) disagreed that fresh and healthy food is accessible. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"Downtown is a food desert, plus the cost of food is increasing." Food Insecurity Rate and Child Food Insecurity Rate Dubuque County Child Food Insecurity Rate 0 Food Insecurity Rate 20% 15% 10% 5% Source: Map the Meal Gap, 0% Feeding America, 2013-2020 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 20 Health & Wellness AFFORDABILITY & ACCESSIBILITY THE DATA ►Since the previous Equity Profile, the percentage of Dubuque's population that is uninsured fell from 7.2% to 4.1 %. That includes a drop of over 10% for the Pacific Islander population. However, the percentages of Dubuque's Black and Latino population that are uninsured rose by 1.1 % and 6.1 %, respectively. ►The percentage of women in Dubuque who are uninsured fell from 6.2% to 2.6% since the last Equity Profile. Percent of Uninsured Population by Race & Ethnicity City of Dubuque Total Asian Black Latino Pacific Islander Two or more races White Source: American Community Survey, 5-year estimates: 2021. Note: Data for Native Americans and "Some other race" were not included due to low samples sizes providing unreliable data. FROM THE SURVEY ►32.5% of respondents either disagreed or strongly disagreed that it is easy to access health care in Dubuque. This number rose to two-thirds among all respondents making less than $25,000 a year. 111110-12.5% of respondents disagreed that health care would be accessible to them if they were currently looking to obtain it. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"Not all providers take all insurance. For example, those with Medicaid must travel more than an hour to see a physician who is an OB/GYN." ►"I was shocked by how long it takes to get in for maternity care. No one gets in before second trimester, including people with miscarriage and prior ectopic who need early confirmation of location." Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►In 2015 and today, community members experienced long wait times to access health care. ►The pandemic has worsened low health care personnel numbers.There is a lack of information about having a healthy diet. ►More support is needed for addiction services, especially for inpatient care and detox. There is still a stigma towards people who get help. ►Many attendees said they feel Dubuque has a limited number of specialists and doctors. Suggestion: People need more accessible information about healthy cooking and budgeting for groceries. Health & Wellness 21 cc tt 11 AVAILABILITY THE DATA Oil -The number of arts, entertainment and recreation establishments in Dubuque decreased by over 15% since the previous Equity Profile. However, the number of "nonemployer" arts offerings has increased, with the number of independent artists, writers and performers growing by 30%. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►85% of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that there are opportunities to attend art events in Dubuque. ►28% of survey respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that information about cultural events in Dubuque is available and accessible. This number jumped to 40%for respondents 61 and older. ►Survey respondent: "Dubuque 365 is great and most of these organizations also use Facebook to publicize. People who say there is'nothing to do' really aren't paying attention." Arts, Entertainment and Recreation Establishments Dubuque Metropolitan Statistical Area Number of Establishments 75 • 50 25 0 2013 2020 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Paid Employees 2013 2020 $40M $30M $20M $10M Types of Establishments Nonemployer, Dubuque Metropolitan Statistical Area Current Data 0 Previous Profile Independent of artists, writers and performers ' 0 50 100 150 200 Museums, historical sites and similar institutions 11irm 0 1 2 3 Performing a its companies • 0 10 20 30 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ECNSVY Nonemployer Statistics, 2012 and 2019 Annual Payroll 2013 2020 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2013 and 2020 Arts & Culture 23 DIVERSITY THE DATA Po -The number of women employed in arts and culture occupations has increased significantly since the previous profile, with women now making up an estimated two-thirds of all positions. However, median wages have become much more uneven, with men in arts and culture occupations making, on average, 18% more than women. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►Less than 9% of survey respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that their cultural traditions and celebrations are accepted in Dubuque. ►25% of survey respondents said they had experienced bias, discrimination or exclusion in Dubuque related to arts and/or culture, though several respondents clarified that they had witnessed it but not experienced it personally. ►Survey respondent: "There needs to be easy access and greater attention to traditions of other cultures who live among us and around the world. We need to learn about them so we can support and benefit from the many colors and textures of the patterns of our world." People Over 16 Employed and Median Earnings for Individuals in Arts, Design, Entertainment and Media Occupations, by Gender Dubuque County Previous Equity Profile (2014) Current Data (2021) Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media occupations All Occupations Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media occupations Male Number of People Employed 0 100 200 300 400 500 Median Wage $0 $1OK $20K $30K $40K $50K Female Number of People Employed Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media occupations 0 200 400 600 Median Wage All Occupations Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media occupations $0 $20K $40K Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates for 2014 and 2021 Median Earnings are for the full-time, year-round employed population 16-years-old and over dl �n $60K Arts & Culture 24 ACCESSIBILITY WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►78% of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that Dubuque offers opportunities to learn about the traditions of other cultures, with only 17% disagreeing or strongly disagreeing. However, respondents were divided by income: 40% of those earning less than $50,000 a year disagreed, compared to only 5% for those making over $50,000. ►77% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that their cultural traditions were accessible and easy for them to practice in their community. ►Only 16% of all respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that if they were looking for arts and culture resources, it would be easy for them to access those resources. However, for respondents with a disability or chronic condition, that number increased to 43% (compared to 7% for individuals without a disability). ►Survey respondent: "I live downtown, north side. Adults and disabled people here have little access to art events. I don't drive, and the intersections in the winter are close to impassable." ►Survey respondent: "My exclusion has been class -based. I have attended arts events where I am not 'a member' and have been treated like an unwelcome guest." Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►In 2015 and today, community members said Dubuque needs to offer more diverse cultural events and share information with diverse audiences. ►When sharing information with young people about potential careers, such as at career fairs, the arts are underrepresented. ►Some people do not feel comfortable attending certain art events because: o Many events are geared toward families. o The cost can be prohibitive. o Minority groups do not feel welcome. ►The shift toward offering more online arts and cultural events has been successful. Suggestion: Encourage arts and cultural events in settings that are accessible to a broad segment of the population, such as the farmers' market and local businesses. Arts & Culture 25 66 tt 66 �i IS DUBUQUE SAFE? THE DATA ►While violent crime incidences increased by over 67% since the previous Equity Profile — due to a rise in domestic and neighbor disputes — the number of strangers committing violent crimes actually fell during that time. ►With only 9.7% of violent crime offenders being unknown to their victim, Dubuque has one of the lowest rates of violent crimes committed by strangers of comparably sized cities in Iowa. For example, Davenport's rate is the highest at 26.2%, while Des Moines' is in the middle at 14.5%. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING OP -Only 7% of survey respondents disagreed that Dubuque is a safe place to live, and only 11 % disagreed that their neighborhood was a safe place to live. 00-75% of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they feel safe when traveling to other neighborhoods in Dubuque. ►43% of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had concerns about their personal safety in their neighborhood, including 50% of women respondents. ►"I have lived in New York and Washington, D.C. There are unsafe places in those cities. Dubuque is a safe city." ►"I don't live in [the] Central Curve area, but it is not safe at night. I would not choose to live there." Number of Violent Crime Incidents per 1,000 People City of Dubuque 4 3.7 3.7 3.4 3 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.4 2 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Source: FBI National Incident -Based Reporting System (NIBRS), accessed through the Crime Data Explorer, 2021 and 2014. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community survey, 5-Year Estimates for 2021 and 2014 Violent Crime Incidences Compared to Violent Crime Offenders Unknown to the Victims City of Dubuque 2014 2021 250 200 50 0 Number of Violent Crime Incidences y �0 y 0 r Number of Strangers Committing Violent Crimes Offenders of Violent Crimes by Relationship to the Victim - 2021 City of Dubuque Known to Victim MIRelationship Unknown Stranger Source: FBI National Incident -Based Reporting System (NIBRS), accessed through the Crime Data Explorer, 2021 and 2014. Safe Neighborhoods 27 EMERGENCY RESPONSE & INTERACTION THE DATA ►At 69%, Dubuque's clearance rate — the rate at which cases are closed — for violent crimes is the highest of any similar sized Iowa cities reviewed for this profile and is 22% above the national average. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►82% of survey respondents either disagreed or strongly disagreed that they had concerns about contacting emergency services, such as EMTs or the fire department. ►While only 11 % of survey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had concerns about contacting the police for service, 22% had concerns about interacting with the police. However, 100% of the respondents who identified as having lived for more than 20 years in Dubuque disagreed or strongly disagreed about having concerns around interacting with the police. 00,"1 have concern[s] about inequity in police response and ensuring my fellow community members are safe when police respond." ►Participants in the community conversations reported they were concerned about calling emergency services because of the cost of ambulance transport. Clearance Rate of Violent Crimes by Location ■ 2014 ■ 2021 Dubuque Rapids Bluffs Moines City Moines States* Source: FBI National Incident-Bsed Reporting System, Accessed Through the Crime Data Explorer, 2014 and 2021. For U.S. Data: FBI National Incident -Based Reporting System, Accessed through Crime in the United States Report, 2014 and 2019. *2019 data used for U.S. Clearance Rate due to lack of 2021 data. Safe Neighborhoods 28 VIOLENT CRIMES THE DATA No- In Dubuque, Black individuals are 16.5 times more likely to be identified as an offender in a violent crime than a white individual. This is down from 45 times more likely during the previous equity profile, but it remains one of the largest disparities in similarly sized cities in Iowa. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►37% of survey respondents said they agreed or strongly agreed that they were concerned about discrimination as it relates to safe neighborhoods, while 37% disagreed or strongly disagreed (26% neither agreed nor disagreed). ►24% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they had experienced bias, discrimination or exclusion in their neighborhood. ►"Dubuque is extremely economically stratified. Money is the dividing factor. Those residents with money and financial security live in safer neighborhoods." Disparity Between Rate of Black Offenders and Rate of White Offenders by Location 02014 02021 City of Dubuque Iowa Ames ® Cedar Rapids Council Bluffs =Davenport Des Moines ® Iowa City Sioux City Waterloo ® West Des Moines Source: FBI National Incident -Based Reporting System (NIBRS), accessed through the Crime Data Explorer, 2021 and 2014. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community survey, 5-Year Estimates for 2021 and 2014. Iowa results are multiplied by the Percent of the Population covered by agencies reporting to NIBRS (2021: 91 %; 2014: 98%. Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►In both this year's conversations and 2015s, women expressed concern for their safety. ►Alcohol use is a growing concern. Attendees mentioned driving under the influence, especially downtown, as a specific issue. Suggestion: Attending events outside your own neighborhood can help with overcoming stereotypes and perceptions. Safe Neighborhoods 29 66 66 tt MODES OF TRANSPORTATION THE DATA ►79% of workers living in Dubuque commute to work alone by car, truck or van. ►The percentage of workers living in Dubuque that work from home grew from 3% since the previous Equity Profile to 8% today. FROM THE SURVEY ►74% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that bicycle safety is a concern, making it the most frequently identified concern in the survey. ►55% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they were concerned about the condition of sidewalks in their community. This includes 75% of the respondents who identified as Asian, Black or Latino, and 100% of respondents who identified as having a long-term disability. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"Challenges to finding parking downtown can be a barrier for both visitors and workers." Percent of Workers Living in the City of Dubuque that Use the Listed Means of Transportation to go to Work truck or van so All other means of transportation* 2014 2021 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates for 2021 and 2014. Workers refers to workers aged 16 years and older. *All other means of transporation Carpooled - car, truck or van , Worked from home ., Walked Public transportation (excluding taxi Taxi, motorcycle, 1 0.5% or other means . 1% ' Bicycle 0.4% I0.3% Transportation 31 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Means of Transportation to Work by Race and Ethnicity City of Dubuque 24% 20% M�W 15% 21% 5% 50QM M 12% 2%- 1%- --1% 17 8% 8% 79% 9% 17N d Asian Black Latino Native Other Pacific White American Race Islander Previous Current Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Report Report 5-Year Estimates for 2021 and 2014. Only measures workers Car, truck, or van - drove alone aged 16 years and older. "Other transportation" may include Car, truck, or van - carpooled taxi, motorcycle, bicycling, walking, or working from home. Data may be much less reliable for racial and ethnic groups Public transporation (excluding taxi) with smaller populations. Other transporation THE DATA ►In Dubuque, Asian and Black workers are approximately eight times more likely to take public transportation to work than the population as a whole. FROM THE SURVEY ►40% of respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that their community offers quality public transportation, while 40% disagreed or strongly disagreed. 20% selected "neither agree nor disagree." ►58% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that public transportation routes were a concern, and 53% agreed or strongly agreed that public transportation hours of operation were a concern. However, only 12.5% believed the cost of public transportation was a concern. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►"Safety on public transit is [my] #1 concern; [1] do not feel safe. [We] need more access points in the city. Routes do not cover all parts of our city." Op -"No city buses go to the Key West area. A Table Mound resident needs to walk about 40 minutes (2 miles) to reach the closest bus stop on South Grandview." ►"[Quality public transportation] seems to be everywhere." ►Survey respondents said a lack of options for college students makes them miss out on community activities and some internship/work opportunities. Transportation 32 ACCESSIBILITY & AFFORDABILITY THE DATA ►Workers in Dubuque living below 150% of the poverty level are four more times as likely to use public transportation as those living at or above 150% of the poverty level. ►7.8% of households in Dubuque have more workers living in the household than available vehicles. This is down from 8.5% during the previous Equity Profile. FROM THE SURVEY ►62.5% of respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that equal access and opportunities for people with disabilities was a concern in Dubuque. ►52% of respondents either disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement, "If I were looking for transportation, it would be EASY for me to ACCESS services." 75% of respondents who identified as Asian, Black or Latino strongly disagreed with this statement. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING ►Regarding whether Dubuque offers quality public transportation: "Quality yes, but accessible, no." ►"Do not know how to access public options." Means of Transporation to Work by Poverty Level City of Dubuque Car, truck, or van - drove alone Other transporation Car, truck, or van - carpooled Public transporation (excluding taxi) —1% Below 100% of 100% - 149% of At or above 150% of the poverty level the poverty level the poverty level Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates for 2021. Only measures workers aged 16 years and older. "Other transportation" may include taxi, motorcycle, bicycling, walking, or working from home. Themes and comments from conversation attendees ►Many people are averse to riding the bus due to fear, anxiety and discomfort. These feelings arise from myths about and a bad reputation around bus transportation. ►Public transportation should connect with nearby towns, grocery stores and other centers of activity. ►Current bus schedules aren't convenient for students, impacting their achievement. ►In 2015 and today, people said the lack of quality public transportation limits employment options due to a lack of employment centers within walking distance of bus routes. Car ownership, which can be an expensive barrier, is often necessary to access jobs. ►A lack of parking options downtown creates a barrier for workers and visitors. Suggestion: Study and adjust bus routes to allow for more direct and frequent connections with centers of activity, such as shopping areas, schools and workplaces. Address issues and perceptions related to safety on public transportation. Transportation 33