Affordable Housing ReportMEMORANDUM
December 7, 2001
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager
WORK SESSION - 12/10/01
Owner-Occupied Affordable Housing Committee Report
A work session has been scheduled for Monday, December 10. 2001 at 5:00 p.m. at the
library auditorium to discuss the results of the Owner-Occupied Affordable Housing
Committee process. There will be no meal served as part of this work session.
I think some tremendously creative thought went into the preparation of this
recommendation. As we look to implement elements of the document that the City
Council agrees with, time frame and money will definitely be issues.
The committee report is attached.
Michael C. Van Milligen
MCVM/jh
Attachment
cc: Barry Lindahl, Corporation Counsel
Cindy Steinhauser, Assistant City Manager
David Harris, Housing & Community Development Director
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
TASK FORCE
REPORT
Gommitt~e Members:
[.any McDermott
Marry McNamer
Dick Schiliz
Jim Holz
Mike P~
Pat Ready
Joel Callahan
Unda Sangston
Dan LoBianco
Pete~ ECk
John Gronen
Terry Mozena
Doris Hingtgen
Mary Clark
Tom GorJc
John Walsh
Steve Gudenkauf
Marry Johnson
Rick Dickinson
Nancy Zachar-Fett
Staff.'
David ~
Lama Camlens
Rich Russell
Bill Baum
Gus Psihoyos
DECEMBER 2001
December 01
Report from the Affordable Housing Committee to the City Council
Introduction
The Affordable Housing Committee was appointed by the Council in November of 2000.
Its purpose was to respond to the Council's indentified top priority project to research
opportunities for development of affordable single-family housing.
Four task forces were subsequently convened, as follows:
Housing Market Task Force: to examine market factors in Dubuque
and make recommendations on policies or programs to meet demand.
Development Cost Task Force: to examine costs for developing land
in Dubuque and to made recommendations on policies or programs to make
costs more competitive.
Home Construction Costs Task Force: to examine the costs of
home construction in Dubuque and make recommendations on policies or
programs that reduce costs.
Downtown Living Task Force: to examine the costs of creating owner-
occupied housing opportunities for downtown living and make recommendations
on policies or programs to make this a viable option.
AFFORDABLE HOUSING COMMITTEE
LAND DEVELOPMENT TASK FORCE
Larry McDermott
Marry McNamer
Dick Schlitz
Jim Holz
Mike Portzen
Pat Ready
Randy Hefel
Ken Buesing
Joel Callahan
Gus Psihoyos/Laura Carstens - Facilitators
DOWNTOWN LIVING TASK FORC=~
Linda Sangston
Dan LoBianco
Peter Eck
John Gronen
Terry Mozena
Rich Russell - Facilitator
MARKET STUDY TASK FORCE
Doris Hingtgen
Mary Clark
Tom Goric
John Walsh
Jim Holz
Bill Baum
David Harris - Facilitator
HOME CONSTRUCTION TASK FORCF
Peter Eck
Mike Portzen
Steve Gudenkauf
Marty Johnson
Dick Schlitz
Marry McNamer
Rich Russell - Facilitator
UNASSIGNED MEMBERS
Rick Dickinson
Nancy Zachar-Fett
Executive Summary
Operating Principles and Assumptions
1. The mission of the Affordable Housing Committee is to reseamh and recommend
ways to produce new single-family housing that is ~affordable" to a moderate-income
household.
2. A "moderate-income household" is defined as earning $40 780, with two-earners,
wages at $10/hour, household size 4 persons. This equals 90% of area median income
(according to the 2000 income standards published by HUD).
This wage represents the ~typical" earnings of workers anticipated to be in new jobs at
our new office and industrial parks.
3. ~Affordable" housing is defined as costing no more than 30% of gross income. This
is the homeowner cost for PITI: principal, interest, taxes and homeowner and mortgage
insurance.
4. Typical financing assumed for this scenario includes 7.25% interest rate, 30-year
mortgage, 5% downpayment.
5. The new home this family is seeking is 1100-1300 square feet in area, with 2-car
attached garage, unfinished basement. Current construction costs for a "modest" new
home - without higher-end amenities, architectural features and finishes - are estimated
at $90/square foot. Lot cost is $30 000.
Sale price for this home is $129 000 for 1100 square-feet and $147 000 for 1300 square
feet.
6. A moderate-income familv cannot afford to purchase this home. The "affordability
gap," according to household income, as follows:
Income Maximum Affordability Gap
(percentage of median) affordable home 1100 sq ft home 1300 sq ff
home
80 $104 500 $24 500 ' $42 500
90 118 100 11 000 29 000
100 131 500 N/A 15 500
To re-state: a moderate-income family in Dubuque purchasing a new home under the
scenario described above experiences a price "gap" of $11 000 for an 1100 square foot
home; and a $29 000 gap for a 1300 square foot home.
Housing Market Task Force
Recommendations
1. The city should consider sponsoring development of an affordable homes
subdivision, either acting as developer or assisting a for-profit or non-profit developer.
This could include purchase and land-banking of available parcels, to be developed
according to a request-for-proposals process.
2. The objective of such a venture is to produce lower-cost homes, by reducing
development and let costs and/or by removing developer profit margins.
3. An "economy of scale" could be achieved through this approach, by developing
enough lots for a builder to reduce home construction costs through mass purchase of
materials and mass production of homes. This could be achieved by developing a
subdivision of 15-30 lots.
4. Use of tax increment financing for subsidy of development is an available tool to
reduce lot costs. The city should consider utilizing this financing source for affordable
housing development.
State code requires that use of TIF assistance for new home development result in
production of a percentage of affordable housing, in an amount equal to the percentage
of Iow income persons in the county population. This housing may be provided either in
the development being assisted or at any other location.
5. Other mechanisms exist for the City to assist development of a subdivision for
moderately-priced homes. Recently, a developer received approval from the Council for
City financing of sanitary sewer extension. This program should be continued by the city
and utilized for assistance for affordable housing construction.
6. Use of downpayment assistance funding programs is also necessary to reduce
purchase financing costs. The city's existing CDBG- and Federal Home Loan Bank
("PATH")- funded programs assist lower income (earning less than 80% of area median)
households. These should be supplemented by other funding sources in order to help
moderate income (80-100%) families purchase newer homes.
One funding source which the city or a non-profit developer could consider is the annual
DRA grants competition. An application could be submitted to request that a sum of
funds be annually "set aside' for a program of downpayment assistance, to be used as a
permanent revolving loan fund for this purpose.
7. The city should consider the potential of its role in directing "smart growth~ at its
western and southem boundaries, encoureging residential development in concert with
anticipated business development at the new office and industrial parks. This area "in-
fill' residential development could result in housing located adjacent to new employment,
reducing vehicle trips and commuting time.
Development Costs Task Force
Conclusions
Rural residential growth is outpacing the construction of new homes in Dubuque.
The differences between rural and urban development, in part, are due to:
· the quantity of developable land as a result of the rugged local topography
· the inventory of land available from willing sellers at a reasonable price
· proximity to utilities and infrastructure
· marketability
· arterial access
· City standards and specifications for the materials and installation of public
utilities and infrastructure.
Recommendations for ALL Owner-Occupied Housing
1. Limitations on City Financial Assistance
a. Evaluation Criteria
b. Capital Improvements: Enterprise Funds v. General Fund
c. Project Collateral
d. Development Agreement
2. Installation of Sanitary Sewer, Storm Sewer and Water Systems.
3. Modification of Street Construction Standards.
4. Modification of Sanitary Sewer Specifications
Recommendations for AFFORDABLE Owner-Occupied Housing
1. Incentives for Affordable Owner-Occupied Housing
a. Alternative Standards for Public Streets
b. Waiver of Water and Sewer Connection Fees/Assessments
c. City Assistance forAII Development Costs
Parameters for Affordable Owner-Occupied Housing
a. Limit on Sale Price of Lot
b. Sumharge for Extra Square Footage
c. Minimize Lot Frontage
Revenues to Fund Owner-Occupied Residential Development
1. Utility Bill Surcharge
2. Utility Revolving Loan Fund
3. Affordable Housing Revolving Loan Fund
4. Tax Increment Financing
Home Construction Costs Task Force
Recommendations
1. The City Council should direct staff to permit, promote and assist a model project
incorporating an economy of scale, simple, expandable unit designs and an innovative
project layout using such principles as Traditional Neighborhood Design (TND). Staff
should develop zoning regulations and public improvement design standards to allow
these types of development without extra layers of approvals such as variances and
Planned Unit Development rezonings. A direct fiscal impact could be in the form of
subsidization of infrastructure costs.
2. The City Council should direct staff to create an "idea book" and resource guide of
affordable design techniques, methods, materials, recommended reading materials and
website addresses where additional information may be obtained.
3. The City Council should direct the Electrical and Plumbing Boards to investigate
amending the licensing procedures to allow for residential electricians and plumbers.
4. The City Council should encourage the formation of a partnership between the local
school systems, the community college, the Master Builders of Iowa and the Dubuque
Homebuilder's Association with the purpose of encouraging students to enter training for
construction trades and providing that training at the local level.
5. The City Council should direct the Building Services staff to investigate the adoption
of the 2000 International Residential Code with appropriate local amendments balancing
affordability and safety.
Downtown Living Task Force
Recommendations
1. Encourage owner-occupied units outside of the four traditional downtown districts,
where zoning permits and land or appropriate buildings are available.
2. The City Council should direct staff to permit, promote and assist a housing project
incorporating various funding soumes, model units and a "How To Guide" on how the
project was developed.
3. The City Council should direct the Building Services staff to investigate the adoption
of a local version of the Wisconsin Code for Historic Buildings.
4. Encourage Dubuque Main Street to maintain an accurate map of the vacant upper
levels for use by potential developers/tenants.
·
December 01
Market Study Task Force
Report to the Affordable Housing Committee
Ol~eratin; Principles and Assumptions
1 .The mission of the Affordable Housing Committee is to research and recommend ways
to produce new single-family housing that is "affordable" to a moderate-income
household.
2. A 'moderate-income household" is defined as earning $40 780, with two-earners,
wages at $10/hour, household size 4 persons. This equals 90% of area median income
(according to the 2000 income standards published by HUD).
This wage represents the "typical" earnings of workers anticipated to be in new jobs at
our new office and industrial parks.
3. "Affordable" housing is defined as costing no more than 30% of gross income. This is
the homeowner cost for P~T~: principal, interest, taxes and homeowner and mortgage
insurance.
4. Typical financing assumed for this scenario includes 7.25% interest rate, 30-year
mortgage, 5% downpayment.
5. The new home this family is seeking is 1100-1300 square feet in area, with 2-car
attached garage, unfinished basement. Current construction costs for a "modest" new
home - without higher-end amenities, architectural features and finishes - are estimated
at $90/square foot. Lot cost is $30 000.
Sale price for this home is $129 000 for 1100 square-feet and $147 000 for 1300 square
feet.
Findings
1. A moderate-income family cannot afford to purchase this hom~,. The "affordability
gap," according to household income, is as follows:
Income Maximum Affordability Gap
(percen~ge of median) affordable home 1100 sq ff home 1300 sq ~ home
80 $104500 $24 500 $42 500
90 118 000 11 000 29 000
100 131 500 N/A 15 500
To re-state: a moderate-income family in Dubuque purchasing a new home under the
scenario described above experiences a price "gap" of $11 000 for an 1100 square foot
home; and a $29 000 gap for a 1300 square foot home.
Changes in interest rates alter this "affordability" scenario. For the example noted
above, the interest rate used is 7.25%. The Iowa Finance Authodty's new FirstHome
Program is offering 30-year, fixed-rate mortgages at 6.125% to income-qualifying
households. For comparison, the same affordability analysis, using the lower IFA rate,
results in the following findings:
Income Ma~mum Affo~ability Gap
(percentage of median) Affordable home 1100 sq ff home 1300 sq. ff. home
80 $107 000 $22 000 $40 000
90 121 000 8000 26 000
100 135 000 N/A 12 000
To re-state: a moderate-income family, financing at this lower interest rate, experiences
a less severe financing gap: $8000 for an 1100 square foot home; $26 000 for a 1300
square foot home. However, even with this financing, only a family earning 100% of
area median income can "afford" to buy a new home, and only the smaller (1100 square
foot) version.
2. New homes are not beinq built in the "affordable" pdce ran,qe. In 2000, 40 single-
family building permits were issued in the City of Dubuque. Total valuation was $4.6
million, averaging $116 000 per home. Adding lot cost (at an average $30 000) bdngs
the sale price to $146 000, which exceeds the "maximum affordable home" pdce for
households earning 80-100% of area median income - by $22- 48 000. In 1999, 54 City
permits were issued, also averaging $116 000 per home (plus lot cost).
In Dubuque County in 2000, 120 permits were issued, with total valuation of $16.2
million, averaging $135 000. Adding lot cost (of $30 000), plus average costs of $6000
for well and $4000 for septic, brings the average new County home price to $175 000. In
1999, 127 permits were issued. These totals are summarized as follows:
Year No. permi~ Value Sale pdce
Dubuque 1999 54 $116 000 *$146 000
2000 40 $116 000 $146 000
Dubuque County 1999 127 -- --
2000 120 $135 000 "$175 000
* includes lot cost
** includes lot cost, plus well and septic
3. For sales of existin,q homes, purchase cost is not an obstacle for moderate-income
families. At $93 500 - the median home sale price in Dubuque County in 2000 - there is
no affordability gap.
4. Demand is strong for existing, mid-priced homes, illustrated by the following sales
history:
Price Range Year Percentage ofallhomes
sold
$50-100 000 1999 48
2000 48
2001 44
$50-125 000 1999 61
2000
64
2001 63
$125-150000 I 1999 I 9
2000 10
2001 9
>$150 000
1999 17
2000 16
2001 17
Price Range Year Average days on market
<$150 000 1999 63
2000 66
2001 67
>$150 000
1999 87
2000 105
2001 140
Recommendations
1. The city should consider sponsoring development of an affordable homes subdivision,
either acting as developer or assisting a for-profit or non-profit developer. This could
include purchase and land-banking of available parcels, to be develop~ according to a
request-for-proposals process.
2. The objective of such a venture is to produce lower-cost homes, by reducing
development and lot costs and/or by removing developer profit margins.
3. An "economy of scale" could be achieved through this approach, by developing
enough lots for a builder to reduce home construction costs through mass purchase of
materials and mass production of homes. This could be achieved by developing a
subdivision of 15-30 lots.
4. Use of tax increment financing for subsidy of development is an available tool to
reduce lot costs. The city should consider utilizing this financing source for affordable
housing development. Examples of successful use of TIF for both market and affordable
housing follow:
In Rockford, a 17 acre subdivision of 60 homes was developed with TIF
assistance. These were built (in 1997) for sale at $70 000, with TIF-funded, city-
initiated improvements for land acquisition, streets, sewer and water averaging
$13 700 per lot. Tax increment revenues generated through this development
totaled in excess of $158 000 annually at completion.
In McGregor, the city provided TIF assistance for development of all infrastructure
improvements in a 17 lot subdivision. Lots were sold at $15 000. This successful
project was built out on schedule.
In Farley, the city assists developers by committing 100% of the TIF revenue
stream to the developer, for up to 10 years, in order to reimburse the developer's
cost of construction of streets within the subdivision.
State Code requires that use of TIF assistance for new home development result in
production of a percentage of affordable housing in an amount equal to the percentage
of Iow income persons in the county population. This housing may be provided either in
the development being assisted or at any other location.
5. Other mechanisms exist for the City to assist development of a subdivision for
moderately-priced homes. Recently, a developer received approval from the Council for
City financing of sanitary sewer extension. The City's advance of more than $400 000
will be repaid by the developer at sale of the lots, or within five years, whichever occurs
first. These funds will be advanced at no interest cost to the developer; they will be
made available from the enterprise funds available in the current City budget. The 160
home subdivision will not produce affordable housing; prices are projected at $180 000-
250 000.
The City should continue the use of this type of assistance for development of new
housing and especially encourage its use for new affordable housing.
6. Use of downpayment assistance funding programs is also necessary to reduce
purchase financing costs. The city's existing CDBG- and Federal Home Loan Bank
("PATHS)- funded programs assist lower income (earning less than 80% of area median)
households. These should be supplemented by other funding sources in order to help
moderate income (80-100%) families purchase newer homes.
One funding source which the city or a non-profit developer could consider is the annual
DRA grants competition'. An application could be submitted to request that a sum of
funds be annually ~set aside" for a program of downpayment assistance, to be used as a
permanent revolving loan fund for this purpose.
7. The city should consider the potential of its role in directing "smart growth" at its
western and southern boundaries, encouraging residential development in concert with
anticipated business development at the new office and industrial parks. This area "in-
fill" residential development could result in housing located adjacent to new employment,
reducing vehicle trips and commuting time.
1100 Square Foot Home
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY ANALYSIS
INCOME ~
(PERCENTAGE OF MEDIAN)
AFFORDABLE
HOUS1NG PAYMENT
MAXIMUM PRICE
AFFORDABLE HOME
Mortgage / Other
80% - $36,250 $677 / 227 $104,500
90% - $40,780 $765 / 253 $118,000
100% - $45,310 $852 /278 $131,500
SHORT-FALL FOR
EXISTING HOME
PURCHASE 3
N/A
N/A
N/A
SHORT-FALL FOR
NEW HOME
PURCHASE
$24,500
$11,000
$ N/A
ASSUMPTIONS:
~February 2000 area median household income: $45,310
2 An "Affordable Housing Payment" is no more than 30% of gross household income; includes
principal and interest payment, plus property taxes and homeowner and mortgage insurance.
Assumes financing at 7.25%, 30-year mortgage, 5% downpayment.
32000 median home price, Dubuque County: $93,500
41100 square foot, 3-bedroom home; $90/square foot construction cost; 2-car attached garage;
unfinished basement; $30,000 lot. Total cost: $129,000.
If the new IFA FirstHome program interest rate of 6.125% is used, the numbers change as follows:
INCOME
AFFORDABLE PAYMENT
MAXIMUM PRICE
SHORT-FALL FOR
NEW HOME PURCHASE
Mortgage / Other
80% $644 / 261 $107,000 $22,000
90% $728 / 291 $121,000 $ 8,000
100% $812 / 321 $135,000 N/A
1300 Square Foot Home HOUSING AFFORDABILITY ANALYSIS
INCOME ~
(PERCENTAGE OF MEDIAN)
AFFORDABLE
HOUSING PAYMENT
MAXIMUM PRICE
AFFORDABLE HOME
Mortgage / Other
80% - $36,250 $677 / 227 $104,500
90% - $40,780 $765 /253 $118,000
100% - $45,310 $852 /278 $131,500
SHORT-FALL FOR
EXISTING HOME
PURCHASE z
N/A
N/A
N/A
SHORT-FALL FOR
NEW HOME
PURCHASE 4
$42,500
$29,000
$15,500
ASSUMPTIONS:
~February 2000 area median household income: $45,310
: An "Affordable Housing Payment" is no more than 30% of gross household income; includes
principal and interest payment, plus property taxes and homeowner and mortgage insurance.
Assumes financing at 7.25%, 30-year mortgage, 5% downpayment.
a 2000 median home price, Dubuque County: $93,500
41300 square foot, 3-bedroom home; $90/square foot construction cost; 2-car attached garage;
unfinished basement; $30,000 lot. Total cost: $147,000.
If the new IFA FirstHome program interest rate of 6.125% is used, the numbers change as follows:
INCOME AFFORDABLE PAYMENT MAXIMUM PRICE
SHORT-FALL FOR
NEW HOME PURCHASE
Mortgage / Other
80% $644 / 261 $107,000 $40,000
90% $728 / 291 $121,000 $26,000
100% $812 / 321 $135,000 $12,000
Cost
Task
Report to the
Affordable Owner-Occupied Housing Committee
On
Reducing
Land Development Costs
in the
City of Dubuque
Land Development Task Force
Marry McNamer, McNamer Construction
Lan'y McDermott, McDermott Excavating
Mike Portzen, Portzen Construction
Dick Schlitz, Midwest Realty
Randy Hefel, Hawk Construct[on
Jim Holz, MSA Associates
Ken Buesing, Buesing & Associates
Joel Callahan, Callahan Construction
David Harris, Housing & Community Development
Gus Psihoyos, City Engineering
Laura Carstens, City Planning
Kyle Kdtz, City Planning
December 6, 2001
REDUCING LAND DEVELOPMENT COSTS
IN THE CiTY OF DUBUQUE
Introduction
The City Council established affordable owner-occupied housing as a priority in their annual
goal-setting session in 2000. To address this issue, the City formed a committee of City staff,
community stakeholders and citizens at-large to provide recommendations to the City Council
on affordable housing. The focus of the Affordable Owner-Occupied Housing Committee was
on owner-occupied residential development, not multi-family or rental housing development.
To accomplish its purpose the Affordable Owner-Occupied Housing Committee formed several
task forces to study aspects of the issue in more depth, and then to report back
recommendations to the full committee. The purpose of the Land Development Task Force was
to examine the costs for developing land in the city of Dubuque, and then to make
recommendations to the Affordable Owner-Qccupied Housing Committee on policies or
programs that make the cost more competitive.
Cost Comparisons of Local Development Costs
The Land Development Task Force began their examination with a review of local development
costs. Task Force members collected and compared development costs from single-family
residential subdivisions in the cities of Dubuque, Asbury and Epworth, and the unincorporated
areas of Dubuque County. This comparison included land purchase cost, earth moving,
water/well, sewer/septic, streets, engineering, inspection fees and connection fees. Return on
investment also was compared.
Table A shows the average composite of development costs for projects in the city of Dubuque
(see Appendix A for individual project costs). Table B shows the average composite of
development costs for projects outside the City (see Appendix B for individual project costs). A
comparison of these urban and rural composite costs is shown in Table C. Table D is a cost
comparison for City and County homeowners.
Survey of Infrastructure Standards and Financial Incentives
Next, the Land Development Task Force surveyed the following Iowa cities for infrastructure
standards: Asbury, Cedar Falls. Ames, Council Bluffs, West Des Moines, Burlington, Waterloo,
and C0ralville. Survey results were compiled in a chart comparing development standards such
as depth of concrete and asphalt base and sur[ace for streets, materials for sanitary sewer and
water lines, storm water detention requirements, inspection fees, and utility connection fees.
The Land Development Task Force then interviewed the same iowa cities to determine if they
provided financial assistance for affordable housing in their communities. Four of the cities -
Ames, Waterloo, Sioux City, and West Des Moines - participate in some type of assistance for
affordable housing. The assistance varied from waiving connection charges to actually "TIF"-ing
the development; that is, using tax increment financing. One community paid for the street
· infrastructure (see Table E).
-I-
Conclusions
Dudng the early 1990's, the City of Dubuque enjoyed a rate of new residential construction that
exceeded the entire inventory of new homes built in the city in the 1980%. Since 1995,
however, rural residential growth has outpaced the construction of new homes within the city
limits of Dubuque.
A recurrent theme of discussions with local developers has been that development costs in the
rural County areas and other cities are lower than in the City of Dubuque. The differences
between rural and urban development, in part, are due to:
· the quantity of developable land as a result of the rugged local topography,
,,the inventory of land available from willing sellers at a reasonable price,
,,proximity to utilities and infrastructure,
· marketability,
· artedal access, and
· City standards and specifications for the materials and installation of public utilities and
infrastructu re.
The City of Dubuque's higher standards and specs are in place because the City must consider
the long-term costs of operations and maintenance. Developers want to have a quality
development while maximizing their profit and minimizing their risk. To meet the City Council's
goal to facilitate the development of single-family housing that is affordable to moderate income
households, the City of Dubuque will need to revise current policies and establish a range of
incentives to lower land development costs.
The Land Development Task Force believes that City should define parameters and provide
financial incentives for affordable developments, as defined by the Market Study Task Force of
the Affordable Owner-O~cupied Housing Committee. The target households for the programs
recommended by the Committee earn between 80% and 100% of area median income adjustec~
for household size (AMI). At about 90% AMI, a dual income household earning $40,000
annually would be able to afford a 1.100 square foot house priced at about $129,000.
The Land Development Task Force believes that to facilitate creation of housing that is
affordable to these target households, the City will need to find ways to reduce land
development costs so that the lot cost is lowered by at least $5,000. The Task Force has
recommended parameters and incentives for affordable owner-occupied housing.
The Land Development Task Force also believes that that City should provide financial support
to all owner-occupied residential development to support overall community growth. The Task
Force has recommended parameters, financial incentives and revenue sources that can reduce
land development costs for all types of owner-occupied housing in the city of Dubuque.
The recommendations are discussed under the following categories:
· Recommended Limitations on City Financial Assistance
· Recommendations forAFFQRDABLE Owner-Occupied Housing
· Recommendations forALL Owner-Occupied Housing
· Revenues to Fund Owner-Occupied Residential Development
-2-
Recommended Limitations on City Financial Assistance
The Land Development Task Force recommends that the City provide financial assistance to
reduce land development costs in the city of Dubuque. The Task Force recognizes that the City
has limited resources competing for multiple priorities, projects and programs, and therefore
must be prudent in the allocation of public monies. The Task Force recommends the following
limitations on City financial assistance for owner-occupied residential development.
1) Evaluation Criteria
The City of Dubuque should consider financial assistance for the development of all types of
owner-occupied residential housing. Any development to be assisted should be within the city
limits of Dubuque, or in the process of annexation.
The City's policies and programs reflect the understanding that the City must balance the
demand for new development on the community's fringe with the benefits of in-fill development
and adaptive reuse of existing building stock in a cost effective manner. The City should
determine its financial involvement on a case-by-case basis based on the availability of City
funds, consistency with the City's long-range plans, and the overall benefit of the development
to the City. All projects should be evaluated on their individual merits, including [he prevention
of urban sprawl through the use of existing infrastructure and utilities, such as streets, sewers,
and water lines.
2) Capital improvements: Enterprise Funds v. General Fund
The City budgets for capital improvements (repair, construction and reconstruction of sanitary
sewer, storm sewer and water systems; streets; bridges; parks; etc.) on a five-year schedule
based on projected expenditures and revenues. Fees collected for the City's sanitary sewer,
storm sewer and water systems are finite sets of funds for specific uses within each of the
respective systems. As Enterprise Funds, revenues for the sanitary sewer, storm sewer and
water systems cannot be used to finance projects in the General Fund (which is primarily
property taxes). The City should consider using the General Fund or a new revolving fund to
finance projects.
3) Project Collateral
The City should determine acceptable collateral for any City expenses related to loan(s) for the
development ora project. Preferably, the City should require a mortgage, a promissory note,
personal guarantees or an irrevocable letter of credit for an amount not to exceed 100% of loan-
to-value. The property value should be based on the assessed value or on the appraised value
after improvements if the assessed value is not a good indicator.
4) Development A.qreement
The City should establish a development agreement that gives the developer specific
performance standards, and provides remedies for failure to meet these standards. The
development agreement should be based on an approved development plan for the subject
property, such as a subdivision plat, site development plan or conceptual plan for a planned unit
development (PUD).
-3-
Recommendations for AFFORDABLE Owner-Occupied Housing
The Land Development Task Force recommends the following incentives and parameters [or
affordable owner-occupied developments.
1) Incentives for Affordable Owner-Occupied Housin,q
a) Alternative Standards for Public Streets
Public streets in affordable housing developments should be allowed to have the pavement
width reduced to a minimum of 27 feet from back of curb to back of curb, and the right-of-
way width reduced to a minimum of 42 feet. This incentive should apply if.' (1) the public
street is a local street, not a collector or arterial street; (2) parking is restricted to one side
only; and (3) a 3 foot wide parkway (the area between the curb and the sidewalk) is
provided for planting street trees.
b) Waiver of Water and Sewer Connection Fees/Assessments
· All respective water main and sanitary sewer connection fees and/or assessments against
the property should be waived for an affordable housing project that is developed based on
the parameters described below. If a house does not meet the definition of affordable and
the parameters below, the builder should have to pay back the connection fees and/or
assessments waived by the City. The City should not issue a building permit until these
fees have been paid.'
c) City Assistance for AII Development Costs
The City should participate in alt aspects of the development of affordable owner-occupied
housing, including infrastructure, utilities, streets, land acquisition, and earthwork, based on
the availability of City funds. Tax increment financing (TIF) is an identified revenue source
that should be available to repay the City's financial assistance for these developments.
2) Parameters forAffordable Owner-Occupied Housing
a) Limit on Sale Price of Lot
Lots in the affordable housing development should not sell over $25,000 based on the
October 30, 2001 Consumer Price Index (CPI) rates. These rates will vary with the CPI.
To qualify for tax increment financing (TIF) for affordable housing, the maximum sale price
of a lot should be $20,000.
b) Surcharge for Extra Square Footage
The builder of any house of more than 1,250 square feet in the affordable housing
development should pay to the City a $10 surcharge per square foot of livable space above
the 1,250 square foot threshold. This livable space should not include any improvements to
the basement or garage. The surcharge should be collected in a revolving loan fund to
finance affordable housing projects.
c) Minimize Lot Frontage
To qualify as affordable, the lot frontage should be platted between 50 and 75 feet wide.
(The current minimum lot frontage of 60 feet in the R-1 Single-Family Residential District
should be amended to 50 feet in the Zoning Ordinance to accommodate this parameter
without having to request a variance in bulk regulations.)
Recommendations for ALL Owner-Occupied Housing
These recommendations are intended to provide incentives for the development of all owner-
occupied housing, including affordab/e housing developments.
1) Installation of Sanitary Sewer, Storm Sewer and Water System,~
The City should participate in the financing of all costs for the installation of sanitary sewer,
storm sewer and water systems for each phase of an owner-occupied residential development.
based on the availability of City funds. A sanitary sewer system includes intemeptors,
collectors, and pump (or lift) stations. A storm sewer system includes catch ~3asins, pipes and
detention (or retention) basins.
The amount advanced by the City for each phase of a development should be allotted ~qually to
the owner-occupied residential lots in each phase. The City's financial assistance should
co'nsist of a no-interest loan for up to five years, with repayment on a prorated basis for lots sold
within that five-year period. As each lot is sold, the developer would reimburse the City by an
amount equal to the total cost incurred by the City divided by the number of owner-occupied
residential lots in that phase. A balloon payment for the remaining balance of the loan should
be due at the end of this five-year period.
The resolution or ordinance approving the residential subdivision or PUD should include this
prevision. Recording of the resolution or ordinance will show up in the abstract, and serve as a
"red flag" at the time of lot sale for payment to be made to the City. As an added reminder for
this payment, the City should not issue a building permit for the lot until this fee has been paid.
2) Extension of Sanitary Sewer, Storm Sewer and Water Systems
The City should participate in the financing of extensions of sanitary sewer, storm sewer and
water systems to facilitate the development of single-family residential development, in a
manner similar to that described above, based on the availability of City funds.
The amount advanced by the City for each utility system extension should be allotted equally to
the owner-occupied residential lots in each phase. The City's financial assistance should
consist of a no-interest loan for up to five years, with repayment on a prorated basis for lots sold
within that five-year period. As each lot is sold, the developer would reimburse the City by an
amount equal to the total cost incurred by the City divided by the number of owner-occupied
residential lots in that phase. A balloon payment for the remaining balance of the loan should
be due at the end of this five-year period.
The City's preference should be to install these utility extensions when development plans have
been approved for both the adjacent property, as well as the subject property. On a case-by-
case basis, the City should consider participating in the extension of utility systems when a
development plan has not been approved for the adjacent property.
3) Modification of Street Construction Standards
The City Engineering Division will evaluate the feasibility and cost effectiveness of alternative
street construction standards to facilitate residential development.
-5-
In the next 60 days, the City Engineering Division will hold a series of meetings with local
engineering firms, asphalt paving suppliers and concrete paving suppliers to discuss the
feasibility and cost effectiveness of modifying the current public street construction standards for
residential developments:
· to allow for the sub-base to be adjusted based on field conditions;
· to adjust the thickness of asphalt based on field conditions; and
· to minimize "core out" (the process for remowng "soft spots" in the street sup-grade prior to
applying the base stone and pavement.
The City Engineering Division will provide a written report by February 1, 2002 to the Affordable
Owner-Occupied Housing Committee as to the feasibility and cost effectiveness of [hese
alternative street construction standards, and what modifications will be recommended to the
City standards and specifications.
4) Modification of Sanitary Sewer Specifications
The City Engineering Division will evaluate the feasibility and cost effectiveness of alternative
sanitary sewer specifications to allow the use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe in order to
facilitate residential development.
In the next 60 days, the City Engineering Division will survey the cities of Asbury, Cedar Falls,
Ames, Council Bluffs. West Des Moines, Burlington, Waterloo, and Coralville as to:
· how long they have allowed the use of PVC pipe for sanitary sewer system,
· what their experience has been with PVC pipe in these applications, and
· what their specifications are for materials and installation of PVC pipe in these applications.
The City Engineering Division will provide a written report by February 1, 2002 to the Affordable
Owner-Occupied Housin~ Committee as to the feasibility and cost effectiveness of using PVC
pipe for sanitary sewer systems in residential developments, and what modifications will be
recommended to the City standards and specifications.
In the interim period, if an affordable owner-occupied residential, development is proposed, the
City will pay for the cost differential for materials and installation 9etween PVC pipe and ductile
iron pipe.
Revenues to Fund Owner-Occupied Residential Development
The City has many priorities competing for limited resources. Acknowledging the City's
available funding and the restriction of Enterprise Funds for financing only City utilities (sanitary
sewer, storm sewer and water), the Land Development Task Force recommends the following
initiatives to generate revenues to fund the development of owner-occupied housing.
1) Utility Bill Surcharge
The City should place a surcharge on all utility bills to fund the installation and extension of City
utilities [o owner-occupied housing. The surcharge would be a 13ercentage based on use, at an
-6-
approximate average of up to $1.00 per fund (sanitary sewer, storm sewer and water). At this
rate, the surcharge would generate up to approximately $3.00 per month per utility bill or
household.
The sumharge would be waived for all households at or below 80% of area median income
adjusted for household size (AMI). These Iow to moderate income households qualify for
subsidized housing programs. Since the programs recommended by the Affordable Owner-
Occupied Housing Committee are targeted to households at the 80% to 100% AMI level the
Land Development Task Force believes households below 80% AMI should be exempted from
the surcharge.
2) Utility Revolvin,q Loan Fund
The City should use the utility bill surcharge to capitalize a revolving loan fund (RLF) to finance
the installation and extension of City utilities to owner-occupied housing. The RLF would be
split equally among the three Enterprise Funds (sanitary sewer, storm sewer and water) for
financing of the respective utility systems.
Based on the percentage of Iow to moderate income households in the city of Dubuque, 35% of
the RLF would be set aside for affordable single-family developments. The remaining 65%
would be available for all types of owner-occupied housing projects.
There are about 22 000 households in the city of Dubuque. Approximately 65%, or 14,300 of
these households, are above 80% of AMI. At an average of $3.00 per household, the surcharge
would generate about $42,900 monthly, and about $514,800 annually for the RLF.
3) Affordable Housinq Revolvinq Loan Fund
The City should create in a revolving loan fund for affordable owner-occupied housing projects
only. At a minimum, the City should place the $10 per sq Hare foot surcharge paid for houses
built in an affordable housing development that exceed 1,250 square feet.
4) Tax Increment Financing
The City should make tax increment financing (TIF) available to repay the City's financial
assistance for all aspects of the development of affordable owner-occupied housing (including
infrastructure, utilities, streets, land acquisition and earthwork). TIF is a financial tool that is
available to subsidize residential development to reduce lot costs.
State law requires that a portion of the TIF proceeds equal to the percentage of Iow and
moderate income households in the county must go to the City for affordable housing. Under
State law, for Dubuque, about 35% of the TIF proceeds from any housing development must be
used for the development of affordable housing. Developers receiving TIF assistance would be
required to produce this percentage of affordable homes in the residential subdivision being
assisted or elsewhere in the community.
TIF can be used to pay for: infrastructure and utilities, down payments for home buyers,
revolving loan fund, contractor loan pool, and developer rebates. TIF also can be used to
-7-
purchase lots and build homes through the City's DREAMS program and through Habitat
through Humanity.
New residential developments typically add children to the public school system TIF allows the
City to capture the Dubuque Community School District's share of the property taxes generated
from this new housing. The City could allow the District's portion of the property taxes to flow to
the school system for residential TIF projects.
The City will need to develop criteria for a TIF program for affordable housing. Criteria also
must be developed by City staff and developers through project negotiations, with a
development agreement approved by the City Council.
-8-
Table A: Average Composite of Developments in City of Dubuque
Land Value
Average Pumhase Price per Acre $10,861
Acreage 13.085
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/A
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 32.4
Average Lot Sale Value $35,800
Total Land Cost $142,119
Total Land Value $1 ,'159,9~_n
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cosl
Earth Moving $81,961 $2,530
Sanitary Sewer $94,695 $2,923
Water $82,912 $2,559,
Storm Sewer $42,607 - $1,315
Street $133,738 $4,128
Lighting and Trenching $12,997 $401
Hook-up Fees $28,367 $876
Engineering $34,379 $1,061
Inspection Fees $15,436 $476
Miscellaneous Expenses $14,785 $456
Subtotal of Development Costs $541,877 $16,725
Total Land and Development Costs $683,996 $2'1,111
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $113,372 $3,49c~
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $797,368 $24,610
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $362,552 $1t,190
Return on Investment (Profit/Total Land Value) 3'1%
Table B: Average Composite of Developments Outside Dubuque
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $7,145
Acreage 31.87
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/A
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 54.00
Average Lot Sale Value $27,967
Total Land Cost $227~687
Total Land Value $1,510,200
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cost
Eadh Moving $89,000 $1,648
Sanitary Sewer or Septic System $75,533 $1,399
Water $106,397 $1,970
Storm Sewer $21,961 $407
Street $105,912 $1,961
Lighting and Trenching $6,267 $116
Hook-up Fees $0 $0
Engineering $41,000 $759
Inspection Fees (ave. of costs provided) $1,000 $19
Miscellaneous Expenses (ave. of costs provided) $7,204 $133
Subtotal of Development Costs $454,274 $8,412
Total Land and Development Costs $68t ,961 $12,629
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $113,035 $2,093
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $794,996 $14,722
Total Land Value - Total Cost -- Profit $715,204 $13,245
Return on Investment (Profit ! Total Land Value) 47%
Table C: Comparison of Composites for Sample Developments
Land Value City of Dubuque Outside Dubuque Difference
Average Pumhase Price per Acre $10,861 $7,145 $3~716
Acreage 13.085 31.87 (19)
Acres needed for Street Development N/A N/A~
Detention N/.~' N/,~
Net Acres for Land Use N/,~ N/,~
Average Lot Land Use N/A N/~
Number of Buildable Lots 32.4 54.0{3 (22)
Average Lot Sale Value $35,800 $27,967 $7,833
Total Land Cost $'142,119 $227,687 ($85,569
Total Land Value $'1,159,920 $'1,510,200 ($350,280
City of Dubuque Outside Dubuque Difference
Development Costs Total Project Total Project Difference Per Lot Cost Per Lot Cost Per Lot
Earth Moving $81,961 $89,000 ($7,039) $2,530 $1,648 $882
Sanitary Sewer or Septic System $94,695 $75,533 $19,162 $2,923 $1,399 $1,524
Water $82,912 $106,397 ($23,484) $2,559 $1,970 $589
Storm Sewer $42,607 $21,961 $20,646 $1,315 $407 $908
Street $133,738 $105,912 $27,826 $4,128 $1,961 $2,166
Lighting and Trenching $12,997 $6,267 $6,729 $401 $116 $285
Hook-up Fees $28,367 $0 $28,367 $876 $0 $876
Engineering $34,379 $41,000 ($6,621) $1,061 $759 $302
Inspection Fees $15,430 $1,000 $14,430 N/A $31 N/A
Miscellaneous Expenses $14,785 $7,204 $7,581 $456 N/A N/A
~ub~o~al of Development Costs $541,87'1 $454,274 $87,597 $16,248 $8,291 $7,957
Total Land and Development Costs $683,990 $681,961 $2,029. $2'1,'111 $12,629 $8,482
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $113,371. $113,035 $336 $3,499 $2,093 $1,406
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $797,36t $794,996 $2,365 $24,610 $14,722 $9,888
Total Land Value -Total Cost= Profit $362,559 $715,204 ($352,645 $11,198 $t3,245 ($2,054}
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 31% 47% -16%
Table D: Cost Comparison for City and County Homeowners
Start up Costs City of Dubuque Outside Dubuque Difference
Average Purchase Price per Lot $35,800 $27,967 $7,833
Average Construction Cost $120,000 $120,000 $0
Average Water Connection Fee $1,100 $0 $1,100
Average Sanitary Sewer Connection Fee $3,500 $0 $3,500
Average Cost of Well installation $0 $6,000 ($6,000)
Average Cost of Septic System Installation $0 $5,500 ($5,500)
Average Cost of Water Service Line $2,500 $2,500 $0:
Water Softener $0 $800 ($800~
Total Start up Cost $162,900 $162,767 $t33
Annual Costs City of Dubuque Outside Dubuque Difference
Water Bill (includes softening & fluoride treatments) $180, $0 $180
Salt for Water Softener $0 $94 ($94
Fluoride (anti-cavity treatment) $0 $30 ($30)
Sanitary Sewer Bill $180 $0 $180
Refuse Collection Fee $90 $171 ($81
Homeowner Association Fee (snow removal, street repair) $0 $300 ($300)
Volunteer Fire Department $0 $25 ($25)
Average Homeowner Insurance $150 $163 ($13)
Property Tax (assessed value of $150,000 and after $2,317 $1,701 $615
homestead tax credit)
Total Annual Costs $2,917 $2,485 $432
Ul
Appendix A
Development Examples
In the
City of Dubuque
City of Dubuque - Example 1
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $12,500
Acreage 40
Acres needed for Street Development 6
Detention 3
Net Acres for Land Use 31
Average Lot Land Use 88 x 14.5
Number of Buildable Lots 110
Average Lot Sale Value $30,000
Total Land Cost $500,000
Total Land Value $3,300,000
Development Costs Total prOject! Per Lot Cost'
Earth Moving $285,000 $2,591
Sanitary Sewer $231,500 $2,105
Water $290,000 $2,636
Storm Sewer $148,000 $1,345
Street $418,300 $3,803
Lighting and Trenching $40,500 $368
Hook-up Fees $62,500 $568
Engineering $60,000 $54~
Inspection Fees $56,400 $5t3
Miscellaneous Expenses N/A
Subtotal of Development Costs $t ,592,200 $14,475
Total Land and Development Costs $2,092,200 $19,02{3
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $346,782 $3,153
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $2,438,982 $22,173
Total Land Value -Total Cost = Profit $861,018 $7,827
Return on Investment (Profit I Total Land Value) 26%
City of Dubuque - Example 2
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $10,616
Acreage 7.11
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/,~
Net Acres for Land Use N/,~
Average Lot Land Use N/Al
Number of Buildable Lots 9
Average Lot Sale Value $37,950
Total Land Cost $76,480
Total Land Value $34'1,$50
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $37,873 $4,208
Sanitary Sewer $30,501 $3,389
Water $28,490 $2,943
Storm Sewer $13,270 $1,474
Street $42,598 $4,733
Lighting and Trenching $4,894 $544
Hook-up Fees $15,000 $1,667
Engineering $18,399 $2,044
Inspection Fees (est. 2.5% of above dev. costs) $3,891 $432
Miscellaneous Expenses $7,935 $882
Subtotal of Development Costs $200,849 $22,3'17
Total Land and Development Costs $276,328 $30,703
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $45,801 $5,089
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $322,'130 $35,792
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $'19,420 $2,'158
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 6%
City of Dubuque Example 3
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $12,245
Acreage 6.925
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/A
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 19
Average Lot Sale Value $30,500
Total Land Cost $84,797
Total Land Value $579,500
Development Costs Total Project! Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $25,607 $1,348
Sanitary Sewer $103,761 $5,461
Water $48,224 $2,538
Storm Sewer $27,113 $1,427
Street $83,143 $4,376
Lighting and Trenching $9,675 $509
Hook-up Fees N/A
Engineering $37,464 $1,972
Inspection Fees (est. 2.5% of above dev. costs) $7,438 $391
Miscellaneous Expenses $12,593 $663
Subtotal of Development Costs $355,018 $18,685
Total Land and Development Costs $439,815 $23,148
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $72,899 $3,837
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $5t2,714 $26,985
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $66,786 $3,515
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 12%
City of Dubuque - Example 4
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $6,500
Acreage 8.71
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/^
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use. N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 1§
Average Lot Sale Value $30,250
Total Land Cost $56,621
Total Land Value $574,75(3
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $38,824 $2,043
Sanitary Sewer $77,215 $4,064
Water $31,502 $1,658
Storm Sewer $24,654 $1,298!
Street $92,342 $4,860
Lighting and Trenching $7,020 $369
Hook-up Fees N/A
Engineering $35,507 $1,869
Inspection Fees (est. 2.5% of above dev. costs) $6,789 $357
Miscellaneous Expenses $10,911 $574
Subtotal of Development Costs $324,764 $17,093
Total Land and Development Costs $381,385 $20,073
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $63,215 $3,327
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $444,599 $23,400
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $130,151 $6,850
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 23%
City of Dubuque - Example 5
Land Value
Average Purchase Pdce per Acre $12,445
Acreage 2.68
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/A
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 5
Average Lot Sale Value $50,300
Total Land Cost $33,353
Total Land Value $25'1,500
Development Costa Total Project Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $22,501 $4,500
Sanitary Sewer $30,498 $6,100
Water $18,346 $3,669
Storm Sewer $0 $0
Street $32,307 $6,461
Lighting and Trenching $2,895 $579
Hook-up Fees $7,600 $1,520
Engineering $20,524 $4,105
Inspection Fees (est. 2.5% of above dev. costs) $2,664 $533
Miscellaneous Expenses $27,701 $5,540
Subtotal of Development Costs $'165,036 $33,007
Total Land and Development Costs $'198,389 $39,678
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $32,883 $6,577
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $231,272 $46,264.
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $20,228 $4,046i
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 8%
Appendix B
Development Examples
Outside the
City of Dubuque
City of Asbury - Example
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $10,035
Acreage t 9.6
Acres needed for Street Development N/A
Detention N/A
Net Acres for Land Use N/A
Average Lot Land Use N/A
Number of Buildable Lots 48
Average Lot Sale Value $31,900
Total Land Cost $196,690
Total Land Value $1,531,200
Development Costa Total Project Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $47,000 $979
Sanitary Sewer $103,608 $2,159
Water $132,899 $2,769
Storm Sewer $33,377 $695
Street $137,742 $2,870
Lighting and Trenching $18,802 $392
Hook-up Fees N/A
En~lineerin~ $51,000 $1,063
Inspection Fees N/A
Miscellaneous Expenses $21,613 $450
Subtotal of Development Costs $646,041 $11,376
Total Land and Development Costs $742,731 $15,474
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $123,108 $2,565
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $865,839 $18,038
Total Land Value - Total Cost -- Profit $665,361 $13,862
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 43%
City of Epworth - Example
Land Value
Average Purchase Price per Acre $6,400
Acreage 36
Acres needed for Street Development 5
Detention 0
Net Acres for Land Use 29
Average Lot Land Use 85 x 135
Numi~er of Buildable Lots 78
Average Lot Sale Value $22,000
Total Land Cost $230,400
Total Land Value $1,716,000
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cost
Earth Moving $80,000 $1,026
Sanitary Sewer $122,990 $1,577
Water $36,291 $465
Storm Sewer $28,506 $365
Street $89,493 $1,147
Lighting and Trenching $0 $0
Hook-up Fees $0 $0
Engineering $45,000 $577
Inspection Fees $3,000 $38
Miscellaneous Expenses N/A
Subtotal of Development Costs $405,280 $5,196
Total Land and Development Costs $635,680 $8,150
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $105,364 $1,351
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $741,044 $9,501
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $974,956
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 57°/=
Dubuque County - Example
Land Value
Average Pumhase Price per Acre $5,000
Acreage 40
Acres needed for Street Development 4
Detention 0
Net Acres for Land Use 36
Average Lot Land Use 145 x 300
Number of Buildable Lots 36
Average Lot Sale Value $30,000
Total Land Cost $200,000
Total Land Value $1,060,000
Development Costs Total Project Per Lot Cost
Ear[h Moving $140,000 $3,889
Septic System $0 $0
Water $150,000 $4,167
Storm Sewer $4,000 $111
Street $90,500 $2,514
Lighting and Trenching $0 $0
Hook-up Fees $0 $0
Engineering $27,000 $750
Inspection Fees $0 $0
Miscellaneous Expenses N/A
Subtotal of Development Costs $411,500 $11,431
Total Land and Development Costa $611,600 $16,986
Interest on 65% Financing at 8.5% for 3 years $101,356 $2,815
Total Land, Development and Interest Costs $712,856 $19,802
Total Land Value - Total Cost = Profit $367,144 $10,198
Return on Investment (Profit / Total Land Value) 34%
Force
AFFORDABLE HOUSING COMMITTEE'S TASK FORCE
ON HOME CONSTRUCTION COSTS
INTRODUCTION: This report is intended to share the recommendations of the
Affordable Housing Committee's Home Construction Task Force.
BACKGROUND: The City Council set affordable, owner-occupied housing as one of
their priorities for the Fiscal Year Ending 2002. To that end, the Affordable Housing
Committee was appointed by the City Council. The committee involves community
stakeholders whose expertise is from a variety of backgrounds.
The first meeting of the committee was held on November 30, 2000. The topics for
discussion at the first meeting included reviewing the purpose of the committee,
discussing "affordable" housing and identification of aspects of affordable housing that
should be addressed.
The committee met again on December 19, 2000. The meeting centered on listing
barriers to affordable housing and creating four task forces to address the four most
prevalent themes developed.
One of the themes developed was home construction cost. This task force was formed
as a result. Members of the task force are Steve Gudenkauf, Dick Schlitz, Marry
McNamer, Marty Johnson, Peter Eck and Mike Portzen.
DISCUSSION: A recommended time line was developed for the task fomes to follow. A
copy of the time line for this task force is attached.
This task force met on January 23rd, February 20th, March 21st, April 24th, May 22nd
June 26th and September 25th. Discussions at the earlier meetings focused on issues
seen as barriers to affordable housing and organizing these issues into themes.
THEMES AND BARRIERS: The themes developed by the task force included: cost
effective design and techniques, land costs, economy of scale and development costs,
available labor pool and licensing and code requirements. Each of the themes has
associated barriers. The barriers discussed are as follows:
A barrier to cost effective designs include a lack of understanding by the customer on
what they could or should expect when searching for an affordable home. The smaller,
simpler plans may not meet their expectations. This leads to additional carrying costs if
the home is on the market for an extended period of time.
Land costs are seen as a common theme. The high cost of land is most likely due to a
lack of supply. Subdivision regulations that limit the density or style of development
were seen as barriers.
Customer expectations in the design or style of new homes were seen as a barrier.
There appears to be strong demand for ranch-style houses with a two-car garage in
front. That demand may not be present for a narrow, two-story home with the garage in
the rear of the house. This uncertainty makes it difficult for builders to try a different
design, such as building on narrower lots or doing infill projects where there's not room
for the typical 70-foot wide ranch-style house.
The lack of economy of scale and carrying costs for developers were seen as another
common theme. Economy of scale, as used in this report, would provide for a volume
discount on materials and labor for a group of 6-10 homes, as opposed to bidding 6-10
homes individually. The guarantee to a bidder that the intended volume would be
achieved would allow for a reduced cost.
Another economy of scale could be provided if these 6-10 homes were built in the same
development or neighborhood. A subcontractor could easily move from job site to job
site.
The barriers are whether there is enough demand for the volume needed to achieve any
economy and the interest costs for financing a project of this scale. The task force
agrees that savings would be realized in many areas with a larger scale of project.
Savings on both labor and materials would be realized if there is a guarantee of volume.
Labor pool and licensing issues were combined into the next theme. The task force
feels that an increase in available trades people would allow for some savings in labor
costs. Barriers to this change include existing license holders may not support this
increase in competition.
Code requirements were found to be a barrier by some members of the committee.
Finding a code that balances safety and cost would be a way to address this concern.
On the other hand, amending the code to reduce the requirements without specific
justification would reduce the City's ISO (Insurance Services Organization) rating and
increase the risk of liability.
ALTERNATIVES: Providing model units or projects would be a way to alleviate
customer concerns about simpler designs or expandable plans. Concepts similar to the
Grow Home or Next Home units would be options for simpler designs.
Canadian architects developed the Grow Home and Next Home concepts. The Grow
Home consists of a 2-story home with a basement. The basement and/or second story
are left unfinished, allowing the owners to "grow" into the home. The Next Home
consists of 3-level town homes where units could be on 1-3 stories allowing the owners
the flexibility of moving into units of various sizes, all somewhat larger than the Grow
Home. Hence the term "Next" Home. I have attached an article from the April-May 2001
issue of New Urban News that further explains these concepts. An "idea book" of these
and other techniques could be compiled. A website currently being developed by the
University of Chicago-based City Design Center will provide a catalog of affordable
housing designs. They hope to have the site launched late this year. The address will
be http://affordablehousin,q.aa, uic.ed~l.
Land cost reductions could be accomplished in many ways. Using smaller lots, reduced
setbacks, shared open space and creative development designs are all ways to reduce
the per unit land costs. Use of attached units would be another way to increase the
number of units per acre and reduce the cost of land per unit. The "mixing" of attached
and detached units has been effectively done through the useof the "New Urbanism" or
"Neo-traditional Planning".
The Congress for the New Urbanism web site (www.cnu.or,q) explains: "The New
Urbanism seeks to re-integrate the components of modern life-housing, workplace,
shopping and recreation-into compact, pedestrian-friendly mixed-use neighborhoods
linked by transit and set in a larger regional open space framework. The New Urbanism
is an alternative to urban sprawl, a form of Iow-density development that consists of
large, single-use pods-office parks, housing subdivisions, apartment complexes,
shopping centers-all of which must be accessed by private automobile." In other words,
neighborhoods should be clearly defined, compact and walk-able areas.
The economy of scale issue could be addressed through a model project of 6-10 units.
The City paying the up-front infrastructure costs and recouping them through a delayed
special assessment could encourage larger scale projects and an accompanying
economy of scale. The Development Costs Task Force should investigate this option
further.
Providing a larger pool of trades people could be accomplished through a "split"
licensing system where an electrician or plumber could be licensed to work only on
residential projects. The City's current licensing system allows this for the mechanical
trade. For example, a trades person would not need to be knowledgeable about
transformers and 600-amp services to acquire a residential electrician's license. The
type of equipment needed for residential projects could also reduce the overhead of this
type of contractor. These factors would increase the number of electricians available to
work on housing projects, reducing the cost of labor for this component.
A partnership between the local Homebuilder's Association, the Master Builders of Iowa
(MBI) and the high schools and community college should be formed to encourage
students to enter training for the trades.
The challenge of balancing the safety and cost issues could be addressed through the
adoption of the 2000 International Residential Code (IRC). The National Association of
Home Builders (NAHB) has endorsed this code because it recognizes affordability as an
issue.
An example of safety and cost colliding is a proposed amendment to the 2000
International Building Code (IBC) that would require that stairs have a rise and run of
7"maximum and 11" minimum instead of the 1997 Uniform Building Code requirements
of 8" maximum rise and minimum 9" run. This change would use up an additional 12
square feet of living space because the length of the stairs would increase by
approximately 4 feet. The 2000 IRC provides for a compromise of a 7%" rise and a 10"
run.
RECOMMENDATIONS: The task force has the following recommendations:
1. The City Council should direct staff to permit, promote and assist a model
project incorporating an economy of scale, simple, expandable unit designs
and an innovative project layout using such principles as Traditional
Neighborhood Design (TND). Staff should develop zoning regulations and
public improvement design standards to allow these types of development
without extra layers of approvals such as variances and Planned Unit
Development rezonings. A direct fiscal impact could be in the form of
subsidization of infrastructure costs.
2. The City Council should direct staff to create an "idea book" and resource
guide of affordable design techniques, methods, materials, recommended
reading materials and website addresses where additional information may
be obtained.
3. The City Council should direct the Electrical and Plumbing Boards to
investigate amending the licensing procedures to allow for residential
electricians and plumbers.
4. The City Council should encourage the formation of a partnership between
the local school systems, the community college, the Master Builders of Iowa
and the Dubuque Homebuilder's Association with the purpose of encouraging
students to enter training for construction trades and providing that training at
the local level.
5. The City Council should direct the Building Services staff to investigate the
adoption of the 2000 International Residential Code with appropriate local
amendments balancing affordability and safety.
We have provided the attached flowchart to assist in explaining this committee's
process. The five themes are placed in order of importance from left to right.
Home Construction Costs Task Force Review Process
1. Discuss the issue of Home Construction Costs and Affordability of Owner Occupied
Units. (Jan.)
2. Determine what information is necessary for making decisions on the issue. (Jan.)
3. Determine if there are other members of the community whose input would be
helpful and solicit their membership or feed back. (Jan.)
4. Assign the tasks of gathering the information or conducting research. (Jan.)
5. Review the common themes from the information and the stakeholders. (Feb.)
6. Identify barriers to addressing the issues. (Feb.)
7. Develop alternatives for minimizing or eliminating the barriers.
8. Select the alternatives that best address the issues.
9. Develop a strategy that incorporates the alternatives and make a recommendation
for the strategy.
10. Test the strategy with the stakeholders and the Affordable Housing Committee.
(Sept.)
11. Prepare and make a final recommendation for consideration by the City Council.
(Oct.)
The not so expensive house '- -
i. da~Grow Ho.r, nes an, d Next .Ho_roes have made home ownership affordable through reduced size and modular
· I ne concept may oe a goodfitfor small-lot, traditional neighborhoods.
tpe first Grow Home prototype was built on the cam-
us of McGill University in Montreal in 1990, and im-
mediately ~ttracted widespread attention. Designed by ar-
Chitects Avl Friedman and Witold Rybczvnski of McGill's
School of Architecture, the townhouse 'was only 14 feet
wide and 36 feet deep. The b~sement or a second floor
would be left unfinished for the buyers to complete ac-
cording to their needs -- hence the term "grow."
This kind of flexibility is even more pronounced in the
Next Home, which Friedman and collaborators designed
in 1996. The three-story townhome can be used as a single
home, a duplex, or a triplex. Though it is wider than the
Grow Home, the house does not rely on loadbearing walls,
making it easy to modify floor plans. The Next Home is a
response to the growing number of people working out of
their homes, as well as to the shrinking of the traditional
family, Friedman says.
The Grow Home has found a significant market, espe-
cially among first-time home buyers who are willing to
make a tradeoff on the size of their home. To date, more
than 10,000 units have been sold, primarily in Canada, but
also in Europe, Latin America, and the ~JS. Bv US stan-
dards, the price is extraordinarily low -- according to
~,man, Grow Homes still have a base price of approxi-
rr'1~'ely $60,000 (US), including the cost of the land. De-
spite the low sales price, Grow Homes have been marketed
s preshge townhouses w~th an innovative layout- rather
than "affordable" homes, a strategy which has-proved suc-
cessful
Their reduced size and ease of construction are the main
reasons for the units' low price. According to Friedman,
the simple, rectangular configuration has 20 percent less
perimeter than an L-shaped unit of the same size. More-
over, builders have been able to reduce labor and material
costs using modular building elements, and the design in-
dudes as few complex joints and details as possible. Fried-
man maintains that even adding one foot to the width
would increase the cost 25 percent.
The narrow townhouse would seem ideal for vacant lots
in irdlll locations, but interestingl~ most Grow Home units
in Canada have been built in suburban subdivisions. Three,
six, or eight units are typically built next to each other.
Frontioaded garages are sometimes built below grade in
both Grow and Next Homes, but where allevs are avail-
able, parking is typically above ground and it the rear of
the homes.
COST REDUCTION AND CHOICE
E~&ANSION
~with the Grow Home, the dimensions of the Next
Home are adjusted to fit modular sizes. Not only does this
allow builders to use standard materials, but ~'aste is re-
duced by sizing the frame so that any wood cut off below
Grow Homos are commonly built as rowhouses, as in this suburban
community outside Montreal.
the floor will fit somewhere else in the frame. Careful plan-
ning can lead to similar reductions in waste of interior ma-
terials such as drywall and floor tiles. Friedman estimates
the average Next Home construction cost to be about $35/
sq.ft.
Flexibility is the hallmark of the Next Home -- it is de-
signed to be easy to subdivide or change before or after it
is occupied. Use of the so-called open-web joist helps make
adaptability possible. "Open-web is a type of joist that due
to its structural design and characteristics permits greater
spans, thereby eliminating the need for bearing walls,"
Friedman says. In addition, the open vertical side of the
joist allow conduits and pipes to be pulled through easily.
To cut the cost of and to facilitate post-occupancy modi-
ficafions in the floor plan, all water pipes, vents, and wires
are located in a single vertical shaft running through the
entire building. On each floor these pipes and conduits
are directed to a horizontal chaser, which runs along the
bullding's long dimension. As a result, residents will not
have to disturb the walls or the ceiling to make changes.
Where the Grow Home left floors unfinished, the Next
Home gives buyers a range of options for placement of
rooms and access between floors. This allows them to buy
only what they need or can afford at the moment, and
the concept has proved very popular, says lose Di Bona
of Ano.bid Construction Corp. in Montreal. He has built
approximately 80 Next Homes in downtown Montreal
and many Grow Homes as well. "People like to be able
to personalize the interiors, and it's a very simple pro-
cess to customize," Di Bona says. "For us, the major ad-
vantage is that we can subdivide the buildings vertically
after completion."
Friedman and his collaborators conceived of these flex-
ible homes in tough economic times when affordability was
paramount. ' The Grow Home gave people a crack at home
All children in Southern Village can walk to
the community's elementary school.
the t970s after recognizing
standard
The National Trust ~ , recom-
mends that:
unsuitable land d from de-
velopers be put in : that school
districts coopera
tions to share' . ball fields,
and school districts be
nainte-
given greater
' to review school feasibil-
ity : and that governments
present plans for a school
reuse if it carmot
New urbanist communities mav
~ be able to improve the physical
students. Engineers
the neighborhood volunteered
plete an in-depth study
renovation and were able t,
the inadequate analysis l
numbers prompted
paved the way
that set aside
tion. The
and
hundred
for the renova-
been expanded
code for several
school
board ~- renovation
importance to
"When you think
the school is the only struc-
e that really pulls us together and
~ves us a sense of ownership over the
neighborhood." ·
· The Northeast Midwes
has
Growth and the Clean Air Act
Smart Growth and the Clean
Act. Call the Institute at
5200, or visit their at
~www. nemw. org.
t: The
Regional Agenda 12
planners, and educa-
tors to examine smart,
by Jonathan Barnett
and a professor of
Villa a Chapel Hill, North Caro- si,ty
lin~ reach the local
or by bicycle. As a m- suggestions
suit, needs only half as lng
many :es as other new new:
schools of size. The able
school in ( . is con-
troversial but r central the tricts.
book
COMMUNITIEE~ FIG :ACK
Why lohnny Can't Walk to
tails several successful
forts that have preserved
hood schools. In Durham,
lina, residents rallied a
lng of a school that did not meet the
urban designer
Practice of City
at the Univer-
and specific policy
promot-
preservation with
the lack of afford-
welfare reform, and
t business improvement dis-
book stores, the
, Island Press.
Project for Public Spaces
~ has released How to Turn a
primer on evaluating
~ transforming public spaces into
: The handbook fa-
approach to planning that
begins with the c
the issues, rather than the
Canada's Grow
Homes
FROM PAGE 9
ownership," Di Bona says, 'q>ut today
we sell to different demographic
groups, especially empty nesters.
Now the Next Home is seen more as
innovative than inexpensive.'
Anobid's 1,600 sq. ft. attached units
in Montreal sell for approximately
$142,000; units of 1,000 square feet be-
gin at $84,000. Builders who wish to
build Next Homes must first acquire
the rights from McGill University
through Friedman, who will supply
plans and architectural guidelines.
The full story of the home designs of
Friedman and his collaborators will be
available in his upcoming The Grow
Home Book, to be published by McGill
University Press in April. ·
driven, top-down a
in neighborhood revitalizations.
tire management than it
different disciplines,"
write. Contact (212) 6',
www. pps.org.
lan emphasis on
spired by community
evident at an '
architectun
chitecture and
Technological U:
lleld, Michigan,
such project in
troit
and gradua
search on
and
shops, a
for an,
The
or
design ih-
t is
number of
-~Ar-
at Lawrence
~, in South-
~ documented one
e Youth Village Ur-
'De-
Generations. Seniors
development
held public work-
in Detroit.
funder, the Northern
will use the plans
redevelopment. For more
s Barrie at
204-2870.
· Suburban Nation by Andres
. Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and
left Speck wilt be released in paper-
back on April 16. $18.
Cost effective design
& technique
Customer
understanding and
choice
THfME:S
:IL-RS
ALTr'I;II~
IATIVE:S
Model homes/projects
that use simple
desi ns
Direct staff to
facilitate the creation
of an "idea book/
resource guide" of
affordable
construction methods
and principles.
4DATIONS
Do
·
·
AFFORDABLE HOUSING COMMITTEE'S TASK FORCE
ON DOWNTOWN LIVING
INTRODUCTION: This report is intended to share the recommendations of the
Affordable Housing Committee's Downtown Living Task Force.
BACKGROUND: The City Council set affordable, owner-occupied housing as one of
their priorities for the Fiscal Year Ending 2002. To that end, the Affordable Housing
Committee was appointed by the City Council. The committee involves community
stakeholders whose expertise is from a variety of backgrounds.
The first meeting of the committee was held on November 30, 2000. The topics for
discussion at the first meeting included reviewing the purpose of the committee,
discussing "affordable" housing and identification of aspects of affordable housing that
should be addressed.
The committee met again on December 19, 2000. The meeting centered on listing
barriers to affordable housing and creating four task forces to address the four most
prevalent themes developed.
One of the themes developed was downtown living. This task force was formed as a
result. Members of this task force are Dan LoBianco, Linda Sangston, John Gronen,
Terry Mozena and Peter Eck
DISCUSSION: A recommended time line was developed for the task forces to follow. A
copy of the time line forthis task force is attached.
This task force met on January 29th, February 27th, March 6th, March 27th, April 24th,
May 22nd, June 26th, July 24th, AUgust 28th and September 25th. Discussions at the
earlier meetings focused on issues seen as barriers to downtown living and organizing
these issues into themes.
THEMES AND BARRIERS: The two themes developed by the task fome are rehabbing
upper floors and the marketplace. Both of the themes have associated barriers. The
barriers discussed are as follows:
The barriers to rehabbing upper floors include the possible loss of control of a portion of
the building if the units are truly owner-occupied, the uncertainty of costs associated
with rehabilitation projects, the pemeption that local contractors are not interested in this
type of project, current code requirements for existing buildings and that there may be
more demand for/and owner interest in rental units.
The marketplace is seen as a common theme. Barriers associated with this theme are
the uncertainty of demand for downtown units and the restrictions tied to many sources
of available funding for these types of projects.
ALTERNATIVES: The task force and staff determined that to limit our work to owner-
occupied units downtown would essentially eliminate the need for our discussions
because there are limited opportunities for a condominium arrangement in existing
buildings.
Therefore, the taskforce agreed to include rental units in our discussions, as one key
component to a successful downtown would be residents, not necessarily owner-
occupants. This will alleviate the concern of "loss of ownership or control" expressed by
current owners of downtown buildings.
In regard to owner-occupied housing units, there are likely only a half dozen existing
buildings that have a strong potential for condominium projects within the four traditional
downtown districts (Old Main, Cable Car Square, Town Clock Plaza and Upper Main).
There is, however, an opportunity for owner-occupied townhouses, rowhouses and/or
condominiums in other areas of downtown, the Port of Dubuque neighborhood, for
example.
An alternative discussed at great length by this task force was the idea of a pilot project
that would serve at least four purposes. The project would: provide a good indication of
the square foot costs associated with rehabilitation projects, help determine the level of
contractor interest in these projects by bidding the various components of a sample
rehabilitation project, provide "model" dwelling units for prospective residents and other
downtown property owners and provide a demonstration of how various funding sources
could be packaged for a successful, affordable project. Information and applications for
various funding sources are attached to this report.
A report summarizing the tools used (including potential funding sources) and the
process followed to develop the project would be helpful for developers of future
projects.
An alternative discussed that would provide owners and developers flexibility in code
requirements would be to adopt a local version of the Historic Building Code used by
the State of Wisconsin. The Wisconsin code has a scoring system that allows tradeoffs
to be made between non-conformities and positive alterations, such as sprinkler and
alarm systems. This code would give the developers the choice of the Uniform Building
Code (UBC), Uniform Code for Building Conservation (UCBC) and a local version of the
Wisconsin Code for Historic Buildings.
Another tool developed by the committee in order to facilitate our discussions was a
map of downtown units that had vacant upper floors that were suited for conversion to
housing. There were 54 buildings noted with vacant upper levels that could be adapted
to residential units.
The task force recognized that uncertain demand for downtown units make it more
difficult for building owners to spend money on rehabilitation projects. The task force
created a survey of downtown employee interest in downtown living. This survey was
not scientific in nature. A copy of that survey and the recorded responses are attached.
The committee was disappointed with the small number of responses, but some
valuable information regarding the preferences of the respondents can be taken from
the data. For those responding "yes" to having an interest in downtown living, the great
majority felt that a full kitchen, a laundry in the unit and off-street parking were important
amenities.
It should be noted that if only 2% of the 7000 downtown workers were interested in
living downtown, the units available through the renovation of the 54 buildings would be
easily filled.
RECOMMENDATIONS: The task force has the following recommendations:
1. While the great majority of residential units downtown will always be rental,
the City should encourage owner-occupied units outside of the four traditional
downtown districts, where zoning permits and land or appropriate buildings
are available.
2: The City Council should direct staff to permit, promote and assist a housing
project incorporating various funding sources, model units and a "How To
Guide" on how the project was developed. The use of most of these funding
programs will ensure that affordable units are included, although they will not
be owner-occupied in all likelihood.
3. The City Council should direct the Building Services staff to investigate the
adoption of a local version of the Wisconsin Code for Historic Buildings.
4. Require Dubuque Main Street to maintain an accurate map of the vacant
upper levels for use by potential developers/tenants.
August 2001
City of Dubuque Housing Office
1805 Central Avenue
Dubuque, Iowa 52001
563-589-4239
Fax: 563-589-4239
THE FOLLOWING IS A CURRENT INVENTORY OF PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE
HOUSING SERVICES DEPARTMENT, WHICH ARE AVAILABLE TO DEVELOPERS
INTERESTED IN PROVIDING AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN DUBUQUE:
1. HOME Rental Rehabilitation Program
Up to $25,000 per unit may be loaned, for 20-years, for rental unit rehabilitation.
Initially, the loan is deferred, at no interest. When payments begin, the interest rate is
3%. Owners have a matching requirement. Low-income tenants are a requirement.
Contact Joleen Patterson, at the Housing & Community Development Department, 589-4239.
2. Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG)
These funds are also used with rehabilitation projects. Amounts, terms, rates and
payment schedules are set according to project needs. The intent use of these funds is
to provide the developer sufficient assistance to make the rents "affordable" to eligible
residents.
Contact Joleen Patterson, at the Housing Department.
Moderate Income Rental Program
This program provides 20-year loans for rehab of units which may be occupied by
tenants earning up to 80% of area median income ("moderate income"). No Section 8
tenancy is required. Up to $10,000 per unit may be loaned. There is no initial deferral of
payments. Interest rate is 3%. Owners have a matching requirement.
Contact Joleen Patterson, at the Housing Department.
4. Tax Abatement
Dubuque has an "Urban Revitalization" program, under which real estate taxes, based on
assessed value at purchase, are "frozen" for a 10-year period, providing certain property
improvements are made. The advantage to the owner is that no additional taxes are
levied on the property, for those improvements, for a 10-year period.
Contact Aggie Kremer, at the Housing Department, 589-4212.
5. Tax Increment Financing
For properties located within Urban Renewal District boundaries, 15-year, 3% loans, up
to $300,000 per building, are available. Interest-only payments are made for the first 3
years. This loan pool is capitalized through TIFD revenues. Income and rent restrictions
do not apply.
Contact Pam Myhre, at the Economic Development Department, 589-4213.
10.
11.
12.
Affordable Housing Program (AHP)
This program offers flexible terms, depending on project need, for purchase or rehab, in
order to keep rents affordable. It is administered by the Federal Home Loan Bank in Des
Moines through local participating lenders. Low-income benefit required.
Contact Curt Heidt, at FHLB, 515-281-1175.
Low Income Rental Tax Credit
Administered by the Iowa Finance Authority, this program offers substantial federal tax
bener~ to the owner, provided the tenants remain Iow-income for a multi-year period.
Contact Tim Waddell, at IFA, 515-242-4990.
Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit
.For properties located within one of Dubuque's five Historic Districts or designated as
land mark properties, approved rehab can result in significant federal tax credits. This
program is jointly administered through the City and the State Historic Preservation Office
in Des Moines.
Contact Pam Myhre, at the Economic Development Department.
Iowa Historic Rehab Tax Credit
New this year is a State credit program, offering 25% credit for historic rehabs.
Administered through the Historic Preservation Office in Des Moines.
Contact Judy McClure, at SHPO, 515 281-8637.
Housing Assistance Fund (HAF)
This program is administered by the Iowa Finance Authority. It offers the owner-
developer financial assistance, for any type of project cost. Terms are flexible,
depending on project need, while keeping the rents affordable to Iow-income individuals
or families.
Contact IFA, 515- 242-4990.
State of Iowa HOME Program
This is administered by the State Department of Development (IDED) in Des Moines.
Developers may apply directly to IDED for these funds, which are provided as grants or
loans for projects guaranteeing affordable rents. Low-income tenants are a requirement.
Contact Al Collett, at IDED, 515-242-4753.
HUD Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program
For projects needing "gap" financing, this Program can access private secondary market
funding sources. The City must sponsor this application, as CDBG funds provide the loan
guarantee. Below-prime interest rates on long-term loans are available.
Contact Pam Myhre, at the Economic Development Department.
13. Local Housing Assistance Program
Another program offered through the Iowa Dept of Economic Development, providing
annual funding competition for municipalities to access for a vadety of housing
development or rehabilitation programs. The City can prepare an application in behalf of
an intended project, for a spec'~c developer.
This program has been discontinued.
14. Enterprise Zone
15.
Rehabilitation projects located within designated Enterprise Zone boundaries are eligible
for an exemption from State sales taxes; and a 10% Iowa income tax credit.
Contact Amy Johnson, at IDED, 515 242-4815.
Lead Paint Hazard Reduction Program
The Housing Department offers a HUD lead paint removal assistance program, with
$5,000/unit grants made available for rental properties in downtown neighborhoods.
Income and rent restrictions apply, for 3 years.
Contact Kathy Lamb, at the Housing Department, 589-1724.
FOR HOME PURCHASE ASSISTANCE:
1. First-Time Homebuyer Program
City CDBG-funded program offers $5,000 downpayment loans to Iow-moderate income
buyers. Terms are 15-years, 0% interest; payments deferred for lower-income borrowers.
Contact Joleen Patterson, at the Housing Department.
2. Affordable Housing Program (AHP)
Offered through the Des Moines Federal Home Loan Bank, application is made through
local participating lenders, sponsored by the City. Low-income benefit is emphasized.
Has been a useful financing tool for promoting first-time homeownership; funds received
as a grant from the FHLB and can be made available to borrowers as grants or loans.
Contact the Housing Department or any local member lending institution for more information.
In addition, a recent American Trust publication is attached, delineating the variety of
programs most local lenders access to assist buyers for home purchase. While some of the
numbers are out of date, this illustrates that there are quite a number of programs available.
Contact any local lender for more information on these programs.
The Housing Department is available to assist in your application for any of these programs. Contact
Joleen Patterson or David Hards, at 589-4239.
DH/~n
USER GUIDE FOR A REHAB LOAN FROM THE HOUSING DEPARTMENT
There are many steps in the approval process for obtaining a rehabilitation loan. Several City
departments may have review authority. The following is a bdef guide to this process.
Application
Contact the Housing Services Department for an application. Call Kris or Jean, at
589-4239. You will be asked to come to the Housing Office for an intake or the forms
will be mailed to you.
Once your application has been completed, an inspection of your property will be
scheduled, with the Rehab Inspector.
Planning Department Review
tf your rehab job will include additional units or any other change from the existing use
of the property, staff from the Planning Department will review the requirements of the
Zoning Ordinance. Housing Department staff will coordinate initial contact with
Planning.
Rehab Inspection
The Rehab Inspector will do a "walk-through~ inspection of your property with you, to
determine:
- the extent of the rehabilitation you are considering
- any additional work required to meet the Housing Department's standards
for comprehensive rehabilitation of the dwelling
This generally means that any existing Housing Code violations must be corrected as
part of the rehab work. In rental units occupied by young children, removal of lead-
based paint may be required. All units, whether rental or homeowner, will be scheduled
for an inspection by the Housing Department's Lead Paint Inspector to determine if
lead-based paint is present. Other work to improve the overall appearance of your
property, or to improve energy efficiency, may also be suggested by the inspector.
Building Permit
In most cases, a permit for building, 31umbing, mechanical or electrical work will be
required. The Building Department Inspector requires a floor plan drawing in order to
determine which permit to issue. After review of the plan, the Building Inspector will
schedule a visit to your properly, if necessary. Housing staff will coordinate initial
contact with Building.
Usually, your contractor Will obtain the necessary permit. If you - as a homeowner - are
doing a significant par~ of the rehab work, then you may need to apply for the permit.
The number at the Building Department is 589-4150.
Once the work begins, the Housing and Building Inspectors will coordinate site
inspections to review and approve completed work.
o
Fire Marshal
If any of the planned work will change exits or fire escapes, or in any other way effect
fire safety issues for your property, the Fire Marshal may have review approval. Initial
contact with the Marshal is handled by the Building Department. The Marshal may also
schedule a visit to inspect your property.
Community Development Department (CED) Review
Because the rehab loan is provided by federal funds, CED staff must review your plans
to insure compliance with federal standards for rehab of older dwellings. This generally
means that significant extedor features of the building cannot be altered. The Housing
Department will coordinate initial contact with CED staff, who may also need to
schedule a visit to inspect your property.
In addition, if your property is located within an historic preservation district, any
changes requiring a permit which you plan for the exterior must be reviewed by the
Histodc Preservation Commission. A sketch of the extedor rehab work may have to be
prepared for HPC review. The Comraission meets twice each month; it is staffed by the
Neighborhood Development Specialist, at the CED Department.
Sidewalks
If replacement of the public sidewalk is part of the rehab work, an inspection by
Engineering Division staff may need to be scheduled. The sidewalk inspector will
require that replacement work be done in accordance with City ordinance. The
Housing Department will coordinate initial contact with Engineering.
Wrap-Up
The Housing Rehab Inspector will then prepare the following information for the
applicant: - a' rehab work write-up, listing all the planned improvements - a cost estimate for the total job
- a list of all required permits and approvals
At this point, you're ready to begin contacting contractors to obtain bids. During this
time, housing staff will be taking care of the income verifications, credit and title search,
and preparing the loan documents.' Once all bids are received, you will'meet with
Housing's Loan Specialist to finalize the loan package.
American Trust & Savings Bank
First Time Home Buyer~ and Moderate/Low Income Pr~egrams
Iowa Finance Authority Iowa Fimnce Authorie/ 3 % Down Payment Communi~7 Home 5 % Down Payment Individual Home Homebuyer Moderate Homebuyer Loan
Single Family Program Mortgage Credit Certificate Loan Program Buyer Program Loan Program Acquisition Program Income Program Program
(IFA) (MCC) (97)' (3/2) (95) (IHAP) (HMLP) (~tLP)
First Time Home Buyer Only? Yes/No ~ Yes/No: No No No. No Yes Yes
Minimum Down Payment 3% or 3% +2% ~ 3% or 3%+2% ~ 3% ' g% or 3%/2% ~ 5% 3% 3% 3%
Maxi~nuntPrice Existing $82.005 [$99.000] $g2,005 [599,080] N/A N/A · [~/A Max. MIg ~ $55,000 N/A N/A
[Targeted Areal Hew $116.422 [$142,2941 $116,422 [$142,294] N/A ' N/A N/A M~.Mtg = $55,000 N/A N/A
Maximum [ncgme l or 2 $39,300 [$47,160] $39,300 [$47,160] $47,700 $47,700 $47,7~)0 $2I ,240 [1 Person] No more than 100% No more than 80%
1.5 Points an income tax credit. 30-. 20-, or IS Year 30~ 20-~ qr $ Year . 30- 20- or 15 Year of up to 5 % of mort- payment and/or closing payment and/or closing
' 1.5 % or $~0 closing laxable income and housing ratio, housing ratio, housing ratio, eligible closing Census Tracts . * 5 yr del,eh-al J£ income
of $40,0~0 or less with the loan. (g8%40%). · (35%40%). (38%-40%). payment, or . 4% interest, median.
1-2,$25,545 · Lowdown' . Lowdown Lowdown . Provldes2%down payment for IFA, payment for/FA.
3 + $27,510. payment· payment, paymenL paymenl for IFA, MCC or 5~. MCC or 3/2.
MCC or 3/2.
Additional Features 1 Waived if property in a z Waived it' ~ropeny in a , I Family Owne[ ~ Can be gia or grant ~ I Family Owner Requires matching Income Range: Median income:
targeted area, targeted area. Occupied o~[y. or sot,t second. Occupied only, saving~. 81% 100% 80% 50%
) Canbegit,torgrant, suft ) Can be glft or grant, , gelfstudyeducation ~ I Family Owner .Selt,stodyeducadon Maxbnumdown I $24.10[ 530,100 $24.100 515,050
second or borrowed. ~ofl secondor . required. Occupied only. required, payment is 10%, 2 $27,50[ $34,400 2 $27.500 $17,200
· I Family Owner ~orrowed. · Non-downpaymenl * Selt,studyeducafion Non-downpaymcnt {Maximumprleeot, 3 530,951 $38.700 3 $30,950 $19,350
Occupie. donly. , l. Family Owner. cysucant~pal~ ,required. costs can be paid $61,111.11.] 4 $34,401 $43,000 4 $34,400 ~1,500
· ' * Max 15 % business use. Occupied only. through unsecured * 'Non-dowh paymefft ' thropgh ~n~cured ' Liquid assets' 5 $37,i51. $46,400 ' 5 $37,150 ' .$22,20~
· 30 Year term only. . No g~cater than 2 * Minbnum of ?ne asset, fin~ncing not $36.98 - 55.000 $41.66 (50%)
· Telepbonicor acres, monthreser~e. *Max. TLTV97% permiued, g92.46-$12,$00 $60.00(80%)
required. · Sell, study education it, month reserve, required. 2 Unlt occupied OK 2 Unit Occupled OK