Loading...
US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Resiliency Copyright 2014 City of Dubuque Consent Items # 7. ITEM TITLE: US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Resiliency Grant Application - Phase I SUMMARY: City Manager recommending approval for the submission of a Phase I application to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development National Disaster Resilience Competition. SUGGESTED DISPOSITION: Suggested Disposition: Receive and File; Approve ATTACHMENTS: Description Type ❑ HUD National Disaster Resilience Competition Application-MVM Memo City Manager Memo ❑ cover memo Staff Memo ❑ grant application Supporting Documentation THE CITY OF Dubuque UBE I erica .i Masterpiece on the Mississippi 2007-2012-2013 TO: The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members FROM: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager SUBJECT: HUD National Disaster Resilience Competition Application DATE: March 30, 2015 Sustainable Community Coordinator Cori Burbach recommends City Council approval for the submission of a Phase I application to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development National Disaster Resilience Competition. The application is submitted by the Iowa Economic Development Authority and the Iowa Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. Dubuque would be a subrecipient of the grant. Iowa's application highlights the need to address remaining impacts from the flooding experienced in downtown Dubuque and continuing vulnerabilities to future flooding across the state. Following storms in July 2011, the City of Dubuque received reports of damage to over 200 homes concentrated in the Bee Branch Creek area. The application cites property owners with limited resources which hinders their ability to perform home maintenance and renovations to decrease environmental health and safety issues from flooding such as dampness and mold growth, electrical hazards, and structural issues. A comprehensive "Bee Branch Healthy Homes" approach is outlined to help residents meet unmet structural needs, and engagement and education to empower individuals to be part of the creation of more resilient housing through onsite stormwater management principles and sustainable, healthy homes behaviors. If approved to move on, the City will partner with the Iowa Economic Development Authority and the Iowa Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Management to submit a Phase II application in the summer of 2015. This application will contain a more detailed program and include a budget proposal. I concur with the recommendation and respectfully request Mayor and City Council approval. Mic ael C. Van Milligen MCVM:jh Attachment cc: Barry Lindahl, City Attorney Cindy Steinhauser, Assistant City Manager Teri Goodmann, Assistant City Manager Cori Burbach, Sustainable Community Coordinator 2 THE CITY OF Dubuque UBgkE 111 111-America Ci i I. Masterpiece on the Mississippi 2007-2012-2013 TO: Michael Van Milligen, City Manager FROM: Cori Burbach, Sustainable Community Coordinator SUBJECT: HUD National Disaster Resilience Competition Application DATE: March 30, 2015 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this memo is to submit for Council approval a Phase I application to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) National Disaster Resilience Competition. The application is submitted by the Iowa Economic Development Authority (IEDA) and Iowa Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (HSEMD); Dubuque would be a subrecipient of the grant. BACKGROUND The City of Dubuque is partnering with IEDA and HSEMD to submit a Phase I application for the National Disaster Resilience Competition, a program offered by HUD in collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation. The competition defines a resilient community as able to resist and rapidly recover from disasters or other shocks with minimal outside assistance. Reducing current and future risk is essential to the long-term vitality, economic well-being, and security of all communities. By identifying future risk and vulnerabilities, resilient recovery planning can maximize preparedness, save lives, and bring benefits to a community long after recovery projects are complete The NDRC is a two-phase process that will competitively award nearly $1 billion in HUD Disaster Recovery funds to eligible communities. All states with counties that experienced a Presidentially Declared Major Disaster in 2011, 2012 or 2013 are eligible to submit applications that address unmet needs as well as vulnerabilities to future extreme events, stresses, threats, hazards, or other shocks in areas that were most impacted and distressed. The competition is designed to help communities recover from prior disasters and improve their ability to withstand and recover more quickly from future disasters. This support will help applicants consider future risks and vulnerabilities in planning and decision-making, and assist them in applying for HUD funding. DISCUSSION Iowa's application highlights the need to address remaining impacts from the flooding experienced in downtown Dubuque and continuing vulnerabilities to future flooding across the state. Following storms in July 2011 , the City of Dubuque received reports of damage to over 200 homes concentrated in the Bee Branch Creek area. The application cites property owners with limited resources which hinders their ability to perform home maintenance and renovations to decrease environmental health and safety issues from flooding such as dampness and mold growth, electrical hazards, and structural issues. A comprehensive "Bee Branch Healthy Homes" approach is outlined to help residents meet unmet structural needs, and engagement and education to empower individuals to be part of the creation of more resilient housing through onsite stormwater management principles and sustainable, healthy homes behaviors. If approved to move on, the City will partner with IEDA and HSEMD to submit a Phase II application in the summer of 2015. This application will contain a more detailed program and include a budget proposal. REQUESTED ACTION I respectfully request City Council approval of the attached application. Cc: Teri Goodmann, Assistant City Manager Laura Carstens, Planning Services Director Mary Rose Corrigan, Public Health Specialist Deron Muehring, Civil Engineer Erica Haugen, Assisted Housing Specialist 2 Exhibit A Executive Summary State of Iowa From 2011-2013, Iowa received eight Presidential Disaster Declarations, encompassing 73 of Iowa's 99 counties. Hundreds of communities, representing more than 70 percent of the state's geography were impacted. These disaster events reflect an increase in the frequency and intensity of weather events and leave communities with depleted resources, while the cost of maintaining critical assets increases. Through the framing process of this application, the State of Iowa conducted a risk and vulnerability assessment of the qualified events to determine the most impacted and distressed areas. As demonstrated in Exhibit B, the following unmet recovery needs (supporting documents found at httns:Hdrive.google.com) were identified in the most impacted and distressed areas as a result of the eight qualifying disasters: Structural damage to low-income households housing in Dubuque; eight sub-county areas with damage to public infrastructure not yet repaired due to inadequate resources; and 35 sub-county areas with environmental degradation through measured significant loss of topsoil. Conventional disaster recovery has focused on the repair and replacement of housing and infrastructure. Traditional hazard mitigation efforts have focused geographically within the immediately impacted areas. While a level of recovery is achieved and incremental progress is made to mitigate future damage, this approach does not make communities resilient to future disaster events. Resiliency to flooding requires a more holistic, watershed and science-based strategy. A watershed-based approach is unique in that it increases community resiliency through actions that address the contributions to flood hazards of the entire geography. These land use modifications change the hydrology of watersheds, resulting in peak water flow reduction. The State of Iowa's project focuses at the macro level on rural watershed strategies that protect infrastructure and agricultural soils and at the micro level on urban watershed strategies that increase the resiliency of low-income housing stock. Scientific modeling and design-based, whole watershed changes will be achieved that are cost-effective and mutually beneficial to communities and agricultural producers. Watershed stakeholders will be engaged to understand their roles and contribution to disaster resiliency thereby protecting Iowa's agricultural economic base as well as vital roads, bridges, drainage infrastructure, private property and critical public facilities. Iowa's analysis of unmet needs found significant impacts to low-income housing in the City of Dubuque. The State's proposal also includes urban watershed strategies to protect residents and businesses. Dubuque is a case study of a community that has been impacted by repeated Presidential Disaster Declarations related to extreme rain events. While Dubuque is taking proactive measures to address stormwater events and become a more resilient community, investments in gray infrastructure alone have not addressed unmet needs of the community's most at-risk neighborhoods, where approximately 69 percent of the residents in flood-prone areas are at less than 80 percent of the median income. Residents there have received minimal assistance to make basic repairs following storms that inundated residential and commercial properties. Assistance through a comprehensive Bee Branch Healthy Homes approach will help residents meet unmet structural needs, and engagement and education will empower individuals to be part of the creation of more resilient housing through onsite stormwater management principles and sustainable "healthy home" behaviors. This resident-centered approach will be coupled with holistic innovative green infrastructure investments that will minimize the impact of increasingly frequent and severe rain events on the Bee Branch watershed, allowing nature to manage flash flooding and creating co-benefits like improved public health; increased public and private investment; creation of more high-quality, cost-effective housing; and improved quality of life for at-risk neighborhoods. Funding will be utilized to establish and leverage comprehensive, multi-objective planning; demonstrate long-term stability; and expand relationships among local, state, federal, and private partners. This engagement will encourage inclusivity among political subdivisions, assess hydrologic conditions and pursue scientifically- based strategic solutions. Iowa is well positioned and the timing is right for this type of sustained resiliency effort through the partners identified in AttachmentA: Partner Documentation. The outcome of a watershed-based approach benefits everyone within the watershed. The State, in collaboration with its partners, believes that its proposed watershed-based program will reduce peak flows by 30 percent, thereby creating sustainable and resilient conditions that address and anticipate changing climate conditions in urban and rural watersheds. Reducing peak water flow will also create benefits beyond flood mitigation. The scientific relationship of reduced peak water flows, soil and nutrient run-off, and overall water quality is strongly correlated. Finally, these efforts will culminate in a replicable model that reduces peak water flows, enhances water quality, improves soil health and reduces soil erosion. Exhibit B Threshold Requirements 1 Appendix G responses The state of Iowa(State) is an eligible applicant for aid through the National Disaster Resiliency Grant competition as listed in Appendix B of the Notice of Funds Availability (NOFA). Additionally, all county and sub-county geographies considered for inclusion in this application are eligible according to Appendix B of the NOFA. The state of Iowa intends to select eligible activities for implementation of the National Disaster Resiliency grant as identified in Phase 2 of the application process in accordance with Appendix A of the NOFA. The activities selected will be evaluated for reasonably expected improvement on the conditions that contribute to the target area's most impacted and distressed characteristics with unmet recovery needs. As demonstrated in Exhibit G,the state of Iowa has implemented permanent measures to address impact and distress not only in the eligible areas for this NOFA, but in areas across the state. Additionally, the State intends to focus the impacts of the eligible activities to meet the overall benefit mandate of serving those communities that have 51% or greater low to moderate income populations. Each selected activity will tie back to the geography and event that contributed to its status as eligible and most impacted and distressed with unmet recovery needs. The state of Iowa intends to select activities that best meet national objectives as established by the CDBG Disaster Recovery program. Certifications can be found in Attachment C of the application. Most Impacted and Distressed Threshold The target area identified as most impacted and distressed is the City of Dubuque as a result of Severe Storms and Flooding(DR-4018)that occurred in 2011. The area is a sub-county area within Dubuque County, which was declared Major Disaster Area under the Stafford Act. 2 Name ofArea: City ofDubuque Dubuque exhibits Most Impacted Characteristics and Most Distressed Characteristics, which affect the ability of the area to recover from Severe Storms and Flooding(DR-4018)that occurred in 2011, as demonstrated below: Most Impacted Characteristics HOUSING—Following the July 2011 storms, the City of Dubuque received reports of damage to 200+homes concentrated in the Bee Branch Creek target area. Impacts included flooded basements, collapsed foundations, destroyed furnaces and water heaters, and other structural damages. Substantiating data includes City records of calls to pump flooded homes, as well as records of calls for volunteer assistance. For Dubuque records supporting the Most Impacted Characteristics criteria, see Attachment E—City of Dubuque. Most Distressed Characteristics HOUSING—Census tracts 1, 4, 5, 6, and 11.2 are in the flood-prone area. Approximately 69% of the people in the flood-prone area are at less than 80%median income. Substantiating data includes percentage of low and moderate income information for Census tracts 1, 4, 5, 6, 11.02. For maps showing the most impacted area, see Attachment E, B-10 CDBG Target Areas 2014— with Bee Branch. Dubuque routinely spends a significant portion of its CDBG resources in the area identified for disaster assistance. See Most Distressed Characteristics, Census and ACS Data, and Summary for Census Bureau data supporting the Most Distressed Characteristics criteria. Unmet Recovery Needs Threshold 3 While Dubuque did receive earmarked CDBG Disaster Recovery funds to address the July 2011 storms,the City has Unmet Recovery Needs that have not been addressed by Federal, state, or other sources, in the area(s) identified in this letter as "most impacted and distressed." HOUSING—A windshield survey of the impacted Bee Branch Creek area, conducted in October 2014, identified 23 households that still remain damaged as a result of the July 2011 storms. The addresses of 20 of those households include: 1. 2935 Jackson St 13. 2517 Elm St 2. 351 E 15th St 14. 2007 Kniest St 3. 2119 Elm St 15. 2440 Elm St 4. 2485 White St 16. 911 /913 Garfield Ave 5. 2491 Jackson St 17. 2279 Jackson St 6. 2307 Kaufmann Ave 18. 2422 White St 7. 2845 White St 19. 2477 Jackson St 8. 1654 Manson Rd 20. 2322 Jackson St 9. 2605 Kerper Blvd 21. 2108 Washington St 10. 922 Garfield 22. 2170 Jackson St 11. 762 Cleveland Ave 12. 1560 Wood St Dubuque also conducted surveys with 10 households in October 2014 to confirm that the identified damages were a result of the July 2011 storms, and verify that repairs have not been 4 made because of a lack of resources from insurance/FEMA/SBA. The results for 9 households from that survey include: 1. 762 Cleveland Ave —One area of collapsed earth wall has been replaced with concrete wall and metal hatch partial installed but not secured to stairwell. Furnace igniter only replaced and not in good condition, should be replaced. Water heater burner was only cleaned. Exterior damage to siding. 2. 1443 Elm St—Exterior damage to limestone foundation(cracked, misaligned and lacking mortar in joints). 3. 2440 Elm St—Basement windows lack proper galvanized window well covers. Basement windows have wood form attached to concrete foundation. 4. 2517 Elm St—Block foundation misaligned at corner with missing mortar in joints. Basement windows covered with wood. Front concrete stoop deteriorated and pitched back against foundation. 5. 922 Garfield—Home vacated by original owners. New owner made some structural repairs but rear addition is still undermined and has structural damage. 6. 2605 Kerper Blvd—Misaligned block foundation. Front concrete stoop and exterior concrete cellar stairs are undermined. 7. 2007 Kniest St— Settling of foundation visible on brick exterior. Holes in limestone foundation. Window well filled in with dirt. Building exterior is in deteriorated condition. 8. 2845 White St—Limestone foundation has missing mortar in joints. Rear block foundation is leaning outward indicating settling of foundation. 5 9. 1560 Wood St—Damage to siding from removal of wood stairs and deck to side entrance door that has not been replaced. Cracked and undermined concrete sidewalks. Substantiating data includes the reports of the windshield survey and responses from surveyed households. See 2014 Housing Survev of Bee Branch Creek Area for City records supporting the Unmet Recovery Needs Threshold criteria. 6 Exhibit C Capacity Factor State of Iowa 1 l P a g e A. General Management Capacity The State of Iowa's Department of Economic Development (IEDA) will act as the grantee. IEDA has managed the State CDBG Program since the 1980s, and successfully administered nearly $1 billion in 2008 CDBG-DR funding. IEDA will be supported in managing HUD funding by the Iowa Homeland Security and Emergency Management Department (HSEMD) and the City of Dubuque. IEDA has in place policies and procedures which are annually monitored by HUD for compliance with overall grant/project management, and has established systems related to the procurement of contractors and professional services, quality assurance, financial management, project monitoring, reporting, and other federal requirements specific to CDBG-DR grants. IEDA works with multiple organizations in reducing flood-risk in urban and rural settings. IEDA coordinates with HSEMD on disaster recovery and hazard mitigation activities. HSEMD manages multiple technical partners and funding streams in the implementation of large-scale disaster recovery and hazard mitigation projects. Within the disaster recovery framework, HSEMD assigns roles and responsibilities with the understanding that procedures will be put in place to operate across agency boundaries. These mechanisms reinforce agency accountability through monitoring and reporting. For example, the State Hazard Mitigation team, coordinated by HSEMD, has functioned under Iowa Administrative Code chapter 29C for more than 20 years with federal, state, local, and private partners to plan for, develop and implement sustainable mitigation practices and projects. IEDA also partners with the City of Dubuque as an entitlement community in disaster recovery. Through its Green & Healthy Homes Initiative (GHHI), the City is working collaboratively across service providers and silos of funding to remove barriers to create healthier homes and livable communities. GHHI focuses on improving low-income neighborhoods with significant pre-1940 properties, resulting in poor indoor air quality, mold, and energy efficiency issues. HSEMD prepared the application in coordination with IEDA, City of Dubuque, Iowa Flood Center at the University of Iowa, Iowa Water Center at Iowa State University, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, and 2lPage Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship (IDALS). B. Cross-disciplinary Technical Capacity The State of Iowa will utilize several agencies' technical capacity for project scoping and implementation. HSEMD will be responsible for coordinating and implementing statewide watershed activities. HSEMD is the lead agency for mitigating the impacts of hazards, and recovering from disasters that impact Iowa HSEMD oversees all FEMA grant management and administrative activities. HSEMD has dedicated staff that will work directly with communities across the impacted region to implement best management practices and engineered solutions for runoff water retention. The DNR is responsible for state and federal laws that protect air, land and water through technical assistance, permitting and compliance programs. As the state water regulatory agency, DNR uses a science-based approach to analyze and implement improvements on Iowa's lakes through partnerships and identifies and assists private landowners to improve watersheds. IDALS is responsible for state leadership in the protection and management of soil, water and mineral resources, as well as assisting soil and water conservation districts and private landowners to meet their agricultural and environmental protection needs. Iowa Flood Center (IFC) at the University of Iowa was established in 2009 with the goal of improving flood monitoring and prediction capabilities in Iowa, and has since developed a flood forecasting system for 1,000 communities. IFC staff has expertise in developing small- and large-scale computational mathematic models to understand hydrology within watersheds. IFC also has unique expertise in monitoring and instrumentation. IFC has deployed, in partnership with HSEMD, watershed coordinators and community leaders, over 200 low-cost stream-stage sensors to monitor river and stream levels to enhance early warning systems for flooding. IFC is experienced in deploying water quality, precipitation, groundwater, and soil moisture instrumentation to understand and quantify the impact of best management practices. Watershed Management Authorities (WMAs) are created by an intergovernmental agreement among multiple local governments within one watershed. WMAs bring stakeholders together to compile multi-faceted solutions to flooding and water quality concerns across watersheds and between jurisdictions. There are 11 3Page WMAs operating across Iowa within specific 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) watersheds. The Iowa Water Center at Iowa State University has substantial expertise regarding agricultural management and conservation practices, agro-ecosystem modeling, GIS, remote sensing, development and implementation of custom computer algorithms, and big data management, and has access to outreach and communication resources The City of Dubuque will support implementation of model neighborhood-scale activities that protect low- income housing from flooding. Dubuque is a full-service municipality responsible for inspection of building construction, civil engineering, economic development, stormwater management, health services and programming, housing and community development, neighborhood outreach and community engagement, zoning, and sustainability and resiliency planning and implementation. A multi-discipline program management team will be established to provide input in addressing unmet recovery needs and assisting communities in redefining their issues outside normal thought boundaries, reaching solutions based on a new understanding of a complex situation. All project partners have a wealth of experience conducting multi-disciplinary work. HSEMD works with multiple entities during the disaster recovery process that contribute to a community's recovery with their own resources and skill sets. As the coordinating entity in recovery, HSEMD is able to communicate with and strengthen relationships among these entities to achieve recovery objectives. The DNR engages state and federal agencies, soil and water conservation districts, Iowa State University, industry and agricultural organizations, local governments, recreation and sporting organizations, and agricultural groups to implement the state's watershed programs. IDALS works with watershed-based programs and projects and has worked collaboratively with DNR in watershed efforts for more than 25 years. With nationally-recognized expertise in water resources, IFC has developed multiple partnerships to tie science and engineering analysis to real-world impacts in communities. This includes partnerships with federal, state and local governments, producer groups, private businesses, and non-profits, as well as other academic partners. Iowa Water Center staff brings together agronomists, agricultural engineers, geographers, and data scientists to leverage the expertise of all team members for optimized project performance. 4lPage WMAs convene cities, counties, Soil and Water Conservation Districts, and other stakeholders to cooperatively engage in watershed planning and management. Over $1.7 million in competitive grants have been awarded to WMAs. These funds were used to develop comprehensive watershed management plans. Implementation of the Bee Branch Healthy Homes Resiliency Plan is supported by a multi-disciplinary team drawn from Dubuque's Housing & Community Development, Engineering, Health Services, Planning Services, and Building Services departments, as well as the Neighborhood Development, Sustainability, and City Manager's Offices. In the State of Iowa, HSEMD facilitates emergency management planning in six regional planning districts. HSEMD also led a statewide effort in 2013 to assess resiliency vulnerabilities and gaps, and developed and is implementing the comprehensive Iowa Strategy for Homeland Security and Emergency Management 2015- 2017 to help communities prepare for natural and man-made hazards. The DNR and the WMAs develop comprehensive, multi-objective watershed plans to assess flood risk, develop strategies to improve water quality, educate residents on watershed management, and coordinate stakeholder engagement while securing funding to implement projects. The Iowa Water Center has designed a statewide framework for data collection and workflow for data analysis. This procedure was originally implemented more than a decade ago, and is being rewritten with data of improved quantity and quality. IFC regularly works with IEDA to implement projects and practices that provide protection against future floods. Their work is critical to Iowa's economic and environmental recovery and resilience in future disasters. The implementation of project activities will be assisted by the IFC's existing resources and vast experience in large-project management within HUC-8 watersheds. Dubuque adopted a Comprehensive Plan in 1995, which has been updated through community engagement processes in 2002 and 2008. The City was an active participant in creating the Dubuque County Regional Comprehensive Plan, which involved six other cities and played a leading role in developing the Catfish Creek Watershed Management Plan. Dubuque was selected in March 2015 to receive EPA Brownfields Area-Wide Planning funding for the revitalization of its South Port. Partners bring the following capacities to the project: 5l Page • Data analysis: IFC and the Iowa Water Center will provide data analysis for project site selection, and deploy monitoring instrumentation to assess the impacts of each project for water quantity and quality. Staff will actively engage in identifying approaches to address remediation of damage caused by extreme weather events. • Public works: The Iowa Association of Counties (ISAC), Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT), and the DNR will coordinate efforts among county supervisors, engineers, and emergency management. The DNR and DOT will provide technical assistance through permitting, and compliance programming to move projects forward. • Affordable housing: Dubuque's Bee Branch Watershed encompasses historic neighborhoods that include affordable workforce housing. The City's Housing and Community Development Department is adept at administering CDBG funds to support affordable housing, and is prepared to quickly launch improvements at the neighborhood-scale that improve the resiliency of low-income residential structures. • Environmental quality: IDALS and the DNR, through over 20 years of collaboration on watershed projects, will provide farmers and landowners with financial and technical assistance to install practices that preserve Iowa's highly productive soil, prevent erosion, and protect critical waterways. The DNR carries out the regulatory requirements of protecting Iowa's air, land, and water quality. • Community engagement: In partnership with State agencies, the IFC, the WMAs, the Nature Conservancy, the Iowa Soybean Association, the Iowa Heritage Foundation, and the Iowa Agricultural Water Alliance will engage land owners and communities in local conservation practices and provide access to land protection tools. • Design: IFC working with the WMAs and DNR as well as other State and federal watershed programs will design site specific projects that deliver multi-benefit objectives. Progress will be monitored and measurable for success in peak flow reduction. • Engineering: ISAC, the DNR, the DOT, and IDALS will work together for engineered solutions. Scientists and Engineers at IFC and the Iowa Water Center will provide technical support from project scoping to 6lPage implementation. The IFC, as the nation's only academic center devoted to flood-related science, is engaged in multiple projects that seek to understand the implications of a changing climate. One such project with the Federal Highway Administration focuses on the potential climate impacts to Iowa's aging road and bridge infrastructure, but could be expanded to assess the impact of climate on urban and agricultural land use plans, railways, utility distribution systems, and additional infrastructure networks. The Iowa Water Center is also well-positioned to evaluate the effects of climate change on future soil erosion in Iowa and the Midwest. Currently, it uses daily weather data to calculate and report precipitation, runoff and soil erosion. If climate projections of sufficient temporal scale are made available, such data could easily be utilized to predict daily runoff and soil erosion under future climate scenarios. The model could also be altered in order to assess the effects of different agricultural management practices and the interactions between climate change and land use change. Iowa recently updated its analysis of impediments to fair housing in which state data was analyzed for racial or economic disparities. The State annually contracts with the Civil Rights Commission to conduct education and outreach, fair housing testing on discrimination, and fair housing filings and closures. Dubuque's Human Rights Department also has experience working with civil rights and fair housing issues, including working with data to analyze racial and economic disparities. The City is partnering with 37 partner organizations across the community in a network called Inclusive Dubuque. That network is in the process of developing a community-wide equity profile. The profile will report on how racially and ethnically diverse groups are affected by various systems in the community, including economic opportunity, housing, neighborhood safety, education, health, transportation, and arts and culture. Action planning to address disparities will begin later this year. Excellent program design quality will be achieved through a cross-disciplinary approach within the program management team. HSEMD, acting as the program lead, will ensure that any potential activities align with the state's long-term disaster recovery and mitigation goals outlined in the 2013 Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation 7lPage Plan. The identified partners will ensure the technical design quality of the program activities. The IFC, through highly-detailed mathematical models of each watershed constructed to assess the impacts of each project, understand the delicate conditions within each watershed, and assess the impacts a changing climate may have at the watershed scale. The results from implementing practices, monitoring, and modeling the target watersheds will provide an innovative framework to disaster resiliency that will be expanded and customized for any watershed in Iowa. HSEMD is collaborating with the Natural Resources Conservation Service (MRCS) to reach out to recently retired professional engineers, civil engineering technicians, and soil conservation technicians within the state. By building and maintaining a list of potential "boots on the ground" contractors, the project will not be slowed by partnership issues. Monitoring and project implementation will also be enhanced by reaching out to similar organizations with retired members who may have the time and background to contribute to this effort. The program management team will determine cost reasonableness based on activity type. Infrastructure projects will be evaluated through FEMA's benefit cost analysis software. Environmental activities will be coordinated through the IFC modeling analysis and Iowa State's DEP model. The cost-benefit analysis for the DEP model has two phases: identification of costs to implement the project, and identification of potential benefits to partners and stakeholders. This basic approach is valid because implementation cost and potential benefit can be easily identified. HSEMD project officers have extensive experience using the FEMA BCA methodology and are recertified through FEMA EMI coursework every two years. IFC and Iowa State's DEP team are nationally recognized for their work in this field and have the sufficient scientific background to prove the cost reasonableness. c. Communitv Engagement Iowa will demonstrate a sustained commitment to community engagement throughout project activities. IEDA and HSEMD have an ongoing technical assistance relationship with nearly every community in Iowa. The establishment of the 2014 Long-Term Recovery Task Force, coordinated by HSEMD, organizes entities to support long-term recovery from the federal to local level based on the identified needs and vulnerable 8lPage populations. HSEMD participates in the local mitigation planning process to assist with the development and prioritization of needs and opportunities. HSEMD currently maintains an unmet needs list from this interaction for future funding opportunities. Through the coordination of local mitigation planning, HSEMD is able to gather ideas and quickly identify resources that support project design and implementation. Feedback will be incorporated through the review of current local mitigation plans, comments received at public hearings, and through coordination with the WMAs. Outreach will be conducted to keep stakeholders engaged as the project is implemented. This will include local communities and entities directly affected by the proposed activities to address concerns and questions. All partners will support community engagement efforts. The IFC is highly engaged with community members, and will support the project by presenting science in a meaningful and understandable way. The Iowa Water Center will engage community stakeholders through multiple extension and outreach outlets, including the Iowa Water Conference, an annual event hosted by the Iowa Water Center. This conference provides a venue to disseminate information, foster dialogue and receive feedback relative to recent and ongoing project developments. The City of Dubuque will also support outreach efforts. In 2013, Dubuque hired a Community Engagement Coordinator who is equipped to implement the organization's community engagement strategy. A cross-departmental staff team has developed a community engagement model and techniques that will be implemented in the Bee Branch Healthy Homes Resiliency Plan. Iowa empowers community leaders through the long-term disaster recovery process. IEDA, HSEMD, DNR, IDALS and many others partner to provide technical and planning assistance to local communities. These agencies assist in identifying funding opportunities for project implementation and unmet recovery needs. This assistance provides community leaders the tools for effective decision making after a hazard event. The Iowa Soybean Association, The Nature Conservancy, the Iowa Natural Heritage Foundation, and the Iowa Agricultural Water Alliance utilize their relationships with landowners to coach and encourage local conservation practices. The IFC in coordination with the WMAs include local decision makers in project scoping for successful outcomes. 9lPage HSEMD's experience includes providing the strategic direction of the long-term recovery process, which includes the cycle of preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. HSEMD assists with the identification of the challenges facing a community in implementing recovery and risk-reduction activities. Best practices are provided to a broad range of entities engaging in this process. Partners with technical expertise deploy to engage local leaders during the consultation and implementation phases of a project. The Iowa Water Center's experience includes relating to diverse community groups and communicating complex concepts in understandable terms. The Iowa Flood Center, in partnership with the WMAs, also continuously engages local leaders in watershed management and flood-risk reduction issues in partnership with HSEMD. The resulting structure is a private-public partnership engaging in long-term recovery at the local level. d. Regional or multi-governmental capacity IEDA and HSEMD work comprehensively through Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) and the state- funded Flood Mitigation Board to address regional flooding issues. Since the devastating flood events of 1993 and 2008, retrofitting projects for critical facilities and infrastructure, as well as the acquisition and/or relocation of flood impacted residential and commercial structures are a top priority for the State of Iowa. More than $1.2 billion have been dedicated to these actions. The City of Dubuque participates in a number of regional initiatives including: Dubuque Metropolitan Area Long-Range Transportation Plan, Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy, Dubuque County Regional Comprehensive Plan, Prosperity Eastern Iowa, Catfish Creek Watershed Management Plan, Dubuque County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, and Dubuque County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. Iowa's proposed approach to resiliency requires regional solutions to address unmet recovery needs. The benefits will reach a larger population and be more cost effective than the stand-alone, infrastructure-based solutions. From the hazard mitigation planning framework to project design, multiple partners are engaged to bring the best hydrology modeling forward for stakeholder consideration. Public hearings will be held to discuss 10lPage the approach and potential solutions to the hazard. Community leaders will engage citizens directly affected by the effort to provide comments and feedback for consideration. Partners will also utilize best management practices in their respective fields to design and implement multi-benefit solutions for flood risk reduction. Partners are already working regionally to address resiliency. Dubuque, for example, participates in a number of regional initiatives to mitigate future events. Regional strategies include: transportation, economic development, watershed management, emergency management, and hazard mitigation. Proactive mitigation planning at the local level can help reduce the cost of disaster response and recovery to property owners and government by protecting critical community facilities, reducing liability exposure and minimizing overall community impacts and disruption. Iowa, in partnership with United Way's 211 programs, facilitates assistance to vulnerable populations during disaster events. This framework will be utilized to communicate resiliency initiatives in target areas. As the Bee Branch project progresses, property values are likely to appreciate in the neighborhood. Many of the lower- income residents are also members of racial minorities and are more likely to rent instead of own their homes. While Dubuque is undertaking the Bee Branch Creek Restoration Project, it is also implementing asset- preservation strategies by including rental rehabilitation and homeowner rehabilitation, first time homebuyer loans programs, and affordable housing strategies to develop and preserve affordable housing to sustain an economically integrated neighborhood. The City will follow an anti-displacement and relocation strategy that hinges on maintaining a household's current residence whenever possible but also providing relocation assistance when necessary. To preserve tenants in private-market rentals, the City's new housing inspection fee schedule provides incentives for property owners renting to Section 8 voucher holders. The city also provides rehabilitation loans and tax abatements to landlords in return for maintaining affordability. HSEMD will form a new multi-agency program management team to design and implement projects that address unmet recovery needs in the target areas, and refocus resiliency efforts on source identification of the flood hazard. That relationship between source and impact will be the basis for moving disaster resiliency forward from the local community to a statewide approach. 11IPage Exhibit D Need/ Extent of the Problem State of Iowa Unmet recovery needs and the characteristics and location of geographic most impacted and distressed areas. From 2011-2013, Iowa received eight Presidential disaster declarations, encompassing 73 of Iowa's 99 counties. Hundreds of communities, representing more than 70 percent of the state's geography, were impacted by severe storms, tornados, straight-line winds, and flooding. These disaster events reflect an increase in the frequency and intensity of weather events and leave communities with depleted resources, while the cost of maintaining critical assets increases. Through the framing process of this application, the State of Iowa conducted a risk and vulnerability assessment specific to the qualified events to determine the most impacted and distressed areas. From that analysis, unmet recovery needs were identified and used as the basis for developing Iowa's approach to disaster resiliency. The State of Iowa is submitting threshold information for the City of Dubuque and 42 sub-county areas. Through the process of collecting and analyzing the best available data for hundreds of potentially eligible sub- county areas eligible under these eight disaster events, it is evident that the targeted areas are substantially negatively impacted because of these events, and are at further risk for greater damage in subsequent events due to the unmet recovery needs. Additionally, these areas offer the best opportunity for the State of Iowa to begin to effect change in the disaster resiliency process. As demonstrated in Exhibit B, the following unmet recovery needs were identified in the most impacted and distressed areas as a result of the eight qualifying disasters: • Structural damage to low-income households housing in Dubuque; • Damage to permanent public infrastructure that has not yet been repaired due to inadequate resources was found in eight counties, including Lyon, Buena Vista, Pottawattamie, Tama, Benton, Allamakee, Dubuque and Lee Counties. • Environmental degradation (significant loss of topsoil) was found in 18 rural counties, including Sioux, Cherokee, Ida, Clay, Pocahontas, Sao, Marion, Marshall, Tama, Jasper, Poweshiek, Iowa, Buchanan, Winneshiek, Clinton, Johnson, Cedar, and Delaware Counties. In Dubuque, more than 200 homes concentrated in the Bee Branch Creek target area (Census tracts 1, 4, 5, 6, and 11.2) reported damage following the July 2011 storms. Approximately 69% of the people in the flood- prone area are at less than 80%median income. Eight sub-county areas defined as most impacted and distressed still have significant infrastructure challenges. Unmet infrastructure needs are estimated at $[38,711,633], as determined by FEMA Project Worksheets and/or Engineering Reports. These costs include the inclusion of resiliency measures that will protect this infrastructure from future disaster events. Most Impacted and Distressed To determine the impact of the qualified events on environmental degradation, soil erosion was used as the leading indicator. The loss of soil is a significant economic impact to the affected area, and contributes to downstream effects through increased sedimentation and increased nutrient pollution which leads to deteriorating conditions downstream of the impacted area. Impacted and distressed rural areas suffered significant soil erosion and soil loss during the storms and flooding events that far exceeded any established sustainable annual limit for maintaining soil health and productivity. The State of Iowa and its partners will assess projects and activities using the following factors: • Through the hazard mitigation planning process, local communities are engaged in understanding risk based on historic occurrence intervals. This information will be gathered from a variety of sources, including the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) and other reporting mechanisms, to determine the how the threat of future occurrences relates to the proposed resiliency measures. • More than 70 percent of the state now operates under updated mapping and hydrology. In addition, parcel data is now readily available for input into HAZUS level 2 modeling, which will provide a graphic basis for understanding future risk in activity and project selection. • Climate and other environmental considerations will be included in the rating factors through collaboration with IFC, DNR, IDALS, and Iowa State University's Iowa Water Center. These considerations include water quality and quantity impacts of agricultural subsurface drainage as a percent of change. Consideration will also be given to prioritized watersheds within the nutrient reduction strategy. • Lessons learned and best management practices from the Watershed Demonstration Project (HF 2459 and HF 2459) will be applied to proposed projects. This previous experience will help Iowa maximize soil holding capacity, minimize severe scour erosion and increased sedimentation during floods, manage runoff in uplands, and mitigate structural and non-structural flood damage. Once the specific project areas are determined, all partner entities will do an evaluation of the area's financial and technical resources to add surrounding watershed areas to the project area One potential avenue to identify these areas includes an analysis of the surrounding area and how their hydrology and risk correlates with the target area. If there are co-benefits that could be achieved through expansion of the area, a cost-benefit analysis will be utilized to support the expansion decision. The State of Iowa, through an analysis of the qualified disaster events, chose to focus on flash and riverine flooding. Flash and riverine flooding produces harmful urban and rural impacts. hi Dubuque, flood disasters have repeatedly impacted residents and employees of the businesses within the watershed. Historically, the Mississippi River flooded Dubuque's low-lying riverfront areas. In 1973, an earthen levee and concrete floodwall system was completed, and disasters related to the Mississippi River have largely been avoided. However, Dubuque's recent disaster events are unrelated to the Mississippi River. These disasters were caused by flash flooding as a result of localized, intense rainstorms. Unlike Mississippi River flooding, flash flooding occurs with little or no warning, with water levels rising at extremely fast rates. Across the remaining impacted and distressed sub-county areas, riverine flooding has resulted in both infrastructure damage and environmental degradation. This threatens rural Iowa's farm economy. Soil erosion following significant storm and flooding events is occurring at an unprecedented rate, and continued damage to public infrastructure impairs farmers' ability to efficiently bring food to market. An analysis of the State of Iowa's historic data related to disaster events overwhelmingly concludes that flooding is the most significant and costly hazard facing communities. Iowa's mitigation strategy for the last 10 years prioritizes funding to implement activities involving flood risk reduction. Through the implementation of these projects, it is clear that in addition to mitigating structures in the floodplain, more needs to be done upstream to arrest water where it initially lands. Project partners also identify flooding as the paramount disaster threat. Flash flooding in Dubuque's Bee Branch Watershed has repeatedly posed a clear danger to the lives and livelihood of citizens based on six Presidential Disaster Declarations between 1999 and 2011. The City commissioned an engineering study in 1998 to look into the nature of the flooding and identify solutions to mitigate or eliminate the flash flooding experienced in the Bee Branch Watershed. The 2001 Drainage Basin Master Plan outlined improvements throughout the watershed to mitigate future flash flooding disasters. Every county in Iowa is covered by one of the 1,660 stream watersheds identified by the United States Geological Survey's 12-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC), and as shown by the supporting documentation in Attachment E, DR-1977 through DR-4135 Most Impacted supporting documentation, the primary determinant for impacts from flooding is the location in which the rain falls. Therefore, it can be argued that Iowa's entire population is vulnerable to the risk of flooding dependent on the location of any given rainfall event. The problem of soil erosion is not limited to extreme rainfall or flooding events, either; soil degradation occurs during normal rainfall events or through poor land- management practices. Poor soil holds less water and erodes more quickly than healthy soil. Because of this, the risk for greater damage from flooding is compounded due to water being delivered more quickly into the watershed. Flooding will also continue to affect Iowa's urban population. In Dubuque, flood disasters have repeatedly impacted the 3,190 people who live within the flood prone area, including the Washington, Point and North End Neighborhoods. These three neighborhoods contain the community's oldest housing and are among those least able to recover from flood loss and devaluation after such events. The majority of the residents in these neighborhoods are low-to moderate-income and racially and ethnically diverse compared to the city as a whole. Extreme flash flooding within the Bee Branch Watershed also has a great impact on public infrastructure, City services and citizens residing both within and outside the flood impacted area. The financial impact that an average flood event has on the City of Dubuque is $561,311. The State of Iowa and its partners identified the unmet recovery needs in the target areas using the hydrology at work in the area, the topography and composition of soils, transportation infrastructure, economic activity, recorded precipitation from qualifying events, and the age and composition of housing. This analysis was conducted in late February 2015, and included data sets from the last four years_ The City of Dubuque's 2001 Drainage Basin Master Plan was used to determine risk at the micro urban level. That Plan established that there are more than 1,100 properties at risk of flood damage due to flash flooding. A 2009 FEMA study also identified a flood prone area with 1,373 properties. All statewide data sets were gathered from partners that employ hydrologists, engineers, soil scientists, and housing specialists who actively engage in long-term disaster recovery. The City of Dubuque's Drainage Basin Master Plan was prepared by a professional engineering firm utilizing NOAA and other national climate change resources. The hydraulic and hydrologic models used in the Plan comply with FEMA and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers standards. Agricultural producers risk losing the production value of the soil they work for crop production. As soil erosion continues to escalate with flooding events, additional chemical fertilizers will need to be applied to maintain productivity. These additives will be washed off during flooding events into streams and rivers, affecting water quality for all communities downstream. Rural communities face costly infrastructure upgrades to meet the challenges of water quantity and water quality. Most rural communities cannot bare these additional costs and could un-incorporate. Businesses will also likely shut down and relocate, accelerating the decline of rural Iowa. In urban communities like Dubuque, continued flash flooding will pose significant risks to people living in flood prone areas, particularly low-income residents. Accelerated disaster events as a result of climate change will lead to increased infrastructure costs, economic disruption, displacement, and loss of life. The risks facing Iowa are serious and growing. Communities across the state are experiencing more frequent and intense disaster events. In Dubuque alone, historical rain data shows that the community has had three 100- year storm events, two 50-year storm events, one 25-year storm event, and one 10-year storm event since 1999. In May 1999 the record rainfall for a 24-hour period was 6.4 inches. That amount was equaled in 2002 and later surpassed in 2011 when 10.2 inches of rain fell in a 12-hour period. Rain during the months of May and June 2008 totaled 15.7 inches, the highest on record. These trends are expected to continue. The secondary and tertiary impacts from the identified risks carry serious local and downstream impacts, and are already present within many areas of the state. Most recently, a lawsuit was filed against the agriculturally-based counties of Sac, Buena Vista, and Calhoun by Des Moines Waterworks over the excessive amount of nitrates present in the raw water treated for use in the Des Moines Metropolitan Area Other communities across the state are grappling with decisions of how to improve their water management systems to deal with the intensity of water flow and the quality of water flowing downstream. There is not enough public funding to support this need. A 2005 Report from the Iowa Policy Project cites 139 incorporated communities and 600 unincorporated communities without sewage service, generating approximately 1.2 billion gallons of inadequately treated or untreated sewage a year. Flooding of homes also impacts people's health. Of the 21.8 million people reported to have asthma in the U.S., approximately 4.6 million cases are estimated to be attributable to dampness and mold exposure in the home. Asthma causes 2 million emergency room visits, 500,000 hospitalizations and more than $56 billion in economic costs. In Dubuque, during 2013, 2,385 asthma-related emergency room visits totaled over $868,140. While the problem of flooding is well known across the state, and the multi-faceted solution of asset protection and water arrest within the watershed has been identified, it is not yet clear exactly what activities will provide the most benefit in any given area. The identified target areas all require a level of analysis to determine which activities will be most beneficial to the overall goal of future hazard risk reduction. This will most likely be a combination of activities including structural elements, landowner outreach, and constituent buy-in from landowners. Statewide, data is not readily available. In urban Dubuque, data is not readily available for private buildings, improvements, and residences other than City-owned property. Buildings and improvements owned by the City are adequately insured through commercial insurance and participation in a local government risk pool. Several factors affect community participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Of the 721 Iowa communities that have been identified by FEMA as having special flood hazard areas (SFHA), 620 or 86 percent are currently participating. Cited reasons communities are not participating include 1)because the identified SFHA is small and/or do not affect any existing structures, 2) there is no perceived need to do so by the constituency, 3)the governments feel incapable of complying with NFIP's requirements due to lack of resources and personnel. Individual decision factors include: 1) cost is too high, 2) lack of awareness of program or individual risk, or 3) lack of access to policies. In addition, most agents do not market. By implementing activities that address Iowa's flooding vulnerability, the State will address a number of unmet needs. In rural areas across the state, projects will rebuild soil health, reduce peak flood flows, increase soil productivity (and subsequently reduce the amount and costs of inputs), boost economic activity, diminish future costs from infrastructure damage, and decrease the costs to society for cleanup of degraded natural resources (surface water). In urban areas like Dubuque, implementation of the Bee Branch Healthy Homes Resiliency Plan will repair flood damaged dwellings; replace furnaces, water heaters, and other key appliances; improve weatherization and energy efficiency; mitigate mold, radon, lead-based paint, and other household hazards; and enhance quality of life for residents. To reduce flooding risks, the State will endeavor to reduce peak flood flows by keeping water in the fields for longer, which allows for existing infrastructure and infrastructure previously improved through disaster recovery funding functioning within its designed level for all but the most extreme events. Efforts to improve low-income housing impacted by disasters in Dubuque also support long-term recovery._Helping homeowners who have been unable to address their unmet housing needs will improve health outcomes, safety, livability, and affordability in the Bee Branch Watershed. The impacts of flooding create challenges for vulnerable populations. Frequently transportation routes are disrupted, water utility systems are compromised, and homes are inundated with contaminated water. Iowa in partnership with the Iowa Disaster Human Resource Council and United Way's 211 program will work to identify social vulnerability in potential project areas. Dubuque's Bee Branch Healthy Homes Resiliency Plan will work across multiple agencies and jurisdictions, and across separate silos and sources of funding. This will help to identify and remove barriers to holistic, efficient and household centric approaches to improving the health, safety, livability and affordability of housing in the watershed. As such, the risks of disproportionate effects on any population group are minimized significantly. A number of conditions exacerbate vulnerability for communities within the state as well as outside of its' borders downstream. It is apparent from the condition of Iowa's streams that excessive amounts of fertilizer are being deposited in waterways. The pollution caused by this fertilizer negatively affects the surrounding areas and areas downstream of the sources of the pollution. The continued existence of this pollution and the negative environmental impacts created by it are a result of soil loss and degradation, which if properly addressed, can significantly improve both the environmental condition of the immediate and downstream areas, and also contribute to economic growth through increased productivity and decreased costs of production in the agricultural sector. Significant progress has been made in flood risk reduction for urban communities. State Agencies in partnership with local leaders plan, design, and implement hazard mitigation activities to protect people and infrastructure from future harm. The Flood Mitigation Board has committed over $450 million dollars for the future implementation of urban flood risk reduction solutions. Addressing soil degradation is fundamental to building a comprehensive resiliency strategy in this primarily agrarian state. Traditional funding solutions, through the USDA, have been limited and oversubscribed in Iowa for many years. By approaching the solution holistically, the State is recognizing that water systems, both rural and urban, are joined and cannot be dealt with individually. Over 4,500 feet of buried Bee Branch Creek is being excavated and restored to mitigate flash flooding, improve environmental quality, and create a daylit creek and park space for Dubuque's most at-risk neighborhoods. Over 1,150 homes and businesses are benefiting from the project, which includes the conversion of 240 green alleys and totals over $200 million in construction and restoration. Exhibit E Soundness of Approach State of Iowa a. Consultation Consultation will occur at two levels: statewide for the larger watershed efforts, and within Dubuque for efforts to protect low-income housing from disaster events. The project team will encourage statewide stakeholder collaboration in forming site-specific project activities by conducting regional community roundtables in the identified target areas. Iowa will utilize the membership base of the State Hazard Mitigation Team and the Long-Term Recovery Taskforce to reach stakeholders with experience in these communities related to the State's requirements listed in 24 CFR 91.110 (a)-(e). Project partners will assist with the facilitation of these roundtables and provide the technical feedback to move the project development process forward. Throughout the consultation process, the project team will consider innovative ways to reach vulnerable populations with the goal of maximizing the visibility of the project-development process. Once the application program/projects are drafted, a public hearing and the required follow up activities will be completed. At the urban scale, Dubuque will rely on a strong foundation of public/private partnerships and community engagement to ensure that implementation of the project includes all stakeholders and involves input from and outreach to all residents. Monthly meetings of project partners with structured agendas and assignments will ensure that all program partners are engaged and meeting the defined outcomes. The City's Community Engagement Toolkit will be used to identify stakeholder audiences, including traditionally marginalized population, communication strategies and opportunities for input and implementation. Since 2008, IEDA and HSEMD have worked together to address flood risk reduction strategies across the State. This competition allows the State and its partners to engage in a holistic conversation about the stresses and shocks Iowa communities face during a hazard event. HSEMD, through the Long-Term Disaster Recovery Task Force and individual stakeholder visits, conducted a series of meetings discussing the current framework of disaster recovery efforts. These initial stakeholder conversations quickly revealed the complexity of water management systems related to flooding. Through these discussions several concerns came forward including water quality and quantity issues, the increasing impact of climate change and precipitation change, the current and growing list of impaired streams in the state, the loss of wetlands, the need for continued refinement and support of conservation practices, additional attention to implementing the nutrient reduction strategy, increased incentives that make soil-building best management practices more attractive to landowners in priority watersheds, and ecosystem management issues including wildlife habitat and biodiversity. Dubuque has also begun engaging stakeholders in its resiliency efforts. Since the beginning of the redesign of the Bee Branch Creek, the Washington, North End and Point Neighborhood residents and businesses have been primary partners. A 16-member community advisory committee collaborated with City staff and consultants on the daylighting of the Bee Branch Creek. A Bee Branch Communications Specialist has also been hired, whose primary job is to share information with the affected neighborhoods in a variety of formats and gather and respond to feedback and concerns of the neighborhood. Topics that have already been addressed as part of the Bee Branch project include infrastructure and creek design, recreation/amenity design and construction safety The stakeholders for this project are a combination of local, state and federal government agencies, identified in Attachment D, who are involved in disaster recovery, hazard mitigation and watershed management initiatives. Advocacy and special interest groups for agricultural producers, environmental groups and small business have been involved in preliminary discussions regarding statewide resiliency efforts, and will continue to add value through the public participation process in site-specific project development. HSEMD began working with the most impacted and distressed areas with unmet recovery needs through the Public Assistance Program. The participants include state government agencies, county government, municipal government, school districts, taxing districts, Indian Tribes, and private non-profits that perform services for the impacted communities. HSEMD coordinates disaster recovery and outreach through the Long-term Recovery Task Force. This multi-agency team coordinates assistance and works with the local communities to establish a continuum of care for the most affected community members. The Iowa Disaster Human Resource Council (IDHRC), also coordinated through HSEMD, works to address disaster response needs and the potential for disaster case management early in the disaster cycle. Dubuque's stakeholders include the Visiting Nurses Association, Community Foundation of Greater Dubuque, Operation New View Community Action Agency, Crescent Community Health Center, Green Iowa Americorps, the Dubuque Community School District, local utility providers, and various City departments. These entities have had substantial input on the development of this proposal, and will continue to collaborate on the implementation of the proposed program through monthly meetings, client recruitment and referrals, coordination of inspections and data collection, community outreach, and analysis of achievement and barriers. Stakeholders for statewide resiliency efforts will be engaged through regional roundtable meetings. The emergency management commissions, made up of local municipal and county leadership, will collaborate with partners to publicize these events. Application and project materials will be posted online, and a series of conference calls will be organized to gather comments on project/program development. In Dubuque, the City will advance collaboration through a Collective Impact approach. The program will create stronger connections between existing housing, health, energy, workforce, community development, and education programs in order to work more effectively and efficiently. In addition to monthly meetings, project partners will provide regular updates to elected officials and boards of their respective organizations. These regular updates will ensure that any policy, program or budget decisions related to the project can be made in an informed, timely manner and receive the administrative and financial support necessary for success. Through the Long-Term Recovery Task Force, regional case management organizations, non-profit advocacy groups, and state agencies were engaged in the risk assessment and vulnerability analysis. Additionally, The Sac and Fox Tribe of Mississippi are identified as a community with repetitive flooding events without sufficient resources to fully recover. HSEMD, IEDA and the Tribe established a working group to identify their most vulnerable areas at risk to flooding. From these conversations, the tribe is investigating their unmet recovery needs and how to build resiliency in their community. This includes continuing the process of joining NFIP. The State of Nebraska also contacted Iowa for a Missouri River Corridor concept, which is home to many low to moderate- income populations. Many of the neighborhoods included in Dubuque's project include low-income populations. These residents have been involved since the inception of the project as described above. Dubuque employs a "reach-in" approach to working with groups that are not well connected to their community, participating in their existing activities to define challenges and opportunities for improvement and collaboration. Throughout the consultation process, project partners met with various natural resources, environmental and agricultural advocacy groups to determine the status of progress in disaster resilience. The City of Dubuque and the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi also consulted with their vulnerable populations current to determine their unmet recovery needs. For many people, rural and urban alike, it is not always obvious how land use management decisions can influence the flood risk vulnerability of residents and communities downstream. Community-supported water and transportation infrastructure can gain resiliency when decisions are made with a watershed mindset. Neighborhood advocates have also recommended a specific partnership with landlord associations in implementation of this program. While structural issues may be one-time issues, the high rate of renters in the affected neighborhoods mean that recurring outreach to tenants will be needed. Ongoing outreach will ensure proper maintenance behaviors, and educate tenants who may be new to the area on how to respond in the event of a natural disaster. Additional education is also needed about financial support opportunities for renters who are not eligible for traditional housing assistance programs. Iowa is considering and is in the process of discussing the indirect risks and vulnerabilities in the environment of our target areas. Project activities will be scoped with partners to further the development of healthy communities for all citizens. By addressing flooding at the watershed level, the potential for improved water quality including the reduction of nitrates in drinking water will greatly benefit residents. Sustainable land use, improvements in the food chain process, and open green spaces are all potential co-benefits. Collaboration with stakeholders has shifted Iowa's traditional disaster recovery path from urban infrastructure-centered project development to the more holistic, integrated watershed systems management approach. This approach has the benefit of being a pathway to significant changes in water quantity, water quality, nutrient flow reduction, and land conservation practices. This approach benefits local municipal governments and utilities, and also engages private landowners and producers in developing solutions. Concerns about the potential for gentrification have also been raised by stakeholders. Through policy, housing and self-sufficiency programs, small business investment, and careful attention to demographic and economic indicators, project partners will work to ensure that this is not an issue that comes to life. b. Idea or Concept The State of Iowa proposes an interagency coordination team composed of local, state, federal, and other water-related organizations and advocacy groups working collaboratively on various aspects of flood risk reduction activities. This interagency team will have a constantly evolving partnership that adapts to current needs and issues identified by the community. The team will provide a mechanism to communicate opportunities for collaboration throughout the state. By working with communities and local officials with a critical stake in watershed management, decisions will be directly connected to the needs of citizens. For project development, this public-private partnership will work together to understand the needs of the area and leverage previous planning and modeling to scope activities. This could be a combination of engineered and incentive solutions based on the unmet recovery need in the community. The purpose of the HUD funding is to move communities farther along the path to flood resilience and develop several watershed models that can be implemented in other parts of the state. There is also potential to develop a model that could be utilized in any agriculturally-based state. The State of Iowa is developing an approach that contains many moving pieces. It can be altered to best fit the needs of the communities identified in Exhibit B response during Phase 2. The approach discussed in this application is the natural extension of project work completed to date. There are many organizations involved in these activities that identified "gaps" in their initiatives that are part of this approach. The State is confident that the actions discussed as part of this framing exercise will develop into feasible and resilient projects. Through collaboration with partners including the IFC, Iowa Water Center, DNR, and IDALS, the project is framing water quantity issues in a way that also impacts water quality and land conservation practices. HSEMD will continue to approach program implementation from the perspective of achieving as many benefits from the work as possible. The staffing and technical capability of partner organizations will strengthen the team's ability to maximize these results. Additionally, this program structure is modeled on past projects in the CDBG program. This will assist in quickly addressing all programmatic issues related to environmental review and human health with site-specific project implementation. The work underway in The Nature Conservancy's Ecosystem Services Study is identifying, analyzing and mapping ecosystem services using modeling to highlight opportunities for watershed management projects that could yield multiple environmental and economic benefits. Service modeling includes flood-risk/damage mitigation, nutrient filtration/reduction to improve water quality, the provision of habitat to support game and wildlife species, and the reduction of soil loss and sediment delivery to stream and rivers. These detailed models provide a better understanding of the physical relationship between land use changes and the resulting hydrologic impact. Hydrologic changes result in measurable changes in flood stages and structure losses at downstream urban areas such as the City of Cedar Rapids. Spatial location of conservation practices is also an important factor in mitigating urban flood risk. Project activities in Dubuque will also create links between water quality and public health (decreased mold-related asthma cases and lead poisoning), workforce development and education outcomes (decreased work and school absenteeism related to health conditions). Improving the quality of housing in impacted neighborhoods will improve the quality of life for residents. As part of the Smarter, Sustainable Dubuque initiative, the City and its partners are exploring an integrated multi-sectoral data-based and analytical approach/tool that could be used for the comparative assessment of interventions to improve resiliency and track these co-benefits. The project will engage mostly rural communities in flood-resilience activities. These communities have limited access to federal and state funding for disaster recovery projects. Current water management systems were not designed to handle increasing precipitation levels, the increased intensity of storm events, and the increased velocity of water from farmlands and streambeds. These systems will not improve without collaborative, comprehensive planning and engineered changes to the landscape in the watershed. National research shows that low-income and minority individuals can be most vulnerable to climate change events due to instability of income, lack of resources and lack of connection to outreach efforts. The project's focus on urban resiliency efforts in Dubuque will demonstrate that, through the engagement of neighborhood associations, landlords and business associations, targeted efforts can help distressed residents and small businesses prepare for and respond to disaster events. Promoting an understanding of the relationship between soil quality and flooding has been underway in Iowa for decades. As part of this project, agricultural and urban residents will need to engage in a holistic approach that balances land use changes. Urban development usually means faster water delivery to a river which may cause soil erosion and change the channel geometry. By working within a watershed approach, these types of cause and effect relationships can be fully explored. The project's urban resiliency activities also provide benefits beyond flood prone neighborhoods. By serving the homes in Dubuque's Bee Branch Watershed, the project is creating a holistic, resident-centered model that can be implemented in any home in the city. While targeted towards Bee Branch Watershed residents, education about topics such as sustainable home management and disaster preparation and response will reach all Dubuque neighborhoods. As such, a culture of resiliency and preparedness will be instituted. Iowa transportation systems connect rural and urban communities. From the 8 sub-county areas with unmet infrastructure recovery needs, project activities will be scoped to provide future community resilience to flooding. For example, after flooding events, residents experienced long detours to work, businesses incurred additional costs to transport goods, fuel consumption increased, and some residents were forced to relocate to other communities due to a lack of suitable housing. Agricultural producers were left with heavy silt deposits on soil, impacting crop production and further depleting economic resources. A resilient disaster recovery for all target areas will focus on the strengthening of these sectors by understanding their connections. HSEMD will work within the watersheds to resolve vulnerabilities and address unmet needs. A cross- disciplinary team will work regionally to resolve needs within the watershed. The partnerships needed to be successful in this approach are in place and expanding through the identification of project areas. By creating a multi-jurisdictional approach to unmet recovery needs, the risk of jurisdictional conflict will be minimized. Hazard mitigation, watershed and land conservation planning are all done on the multi-jurisdictional level. The groups that develop these plans engage local decision-makers in the planning process, expediting the implementation of actions. Agreements with partners will be developed upon project and program activity selection. Dubuque will also work with an established multi-sectoral team to meet the unmet needs of affected residents and businesses. Partners will sign an agreement that defines individual organization roles, protocol for assessments and interventions, contractor standards, and data collection and reporting needs. Resilience is the ability to anticipate, prepare for and adapt to changing conditions and withstand, respond to and recover rapidly from disruptions. Iowa will continue to support disaster resilience activities and work toward developing a framework for urban to rural communities. This approach compliments the President's Climate Action Plan and will require multi-disciplinary expertise to develop improved water systems management so communities can mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from hazard events more rapidly. The State of Iowa has committed to creating a more resilient state through several programs. The State's housing acquisition program has purchased and permanently removed over 2,900 homes from the floodplain since 1993. The DNR is currently engaged in a statewide flood map modernization program utilizing high resolution LiDAR, and creating depth and velocity grids for the vast majority of the state. Six communities within the state participate in the CRS program, with two others in the process of joining. Of the participating communities, only the City of Iowa City is among the areas that have been identified as most impacted and distressed in the Phase 1 application. Additionally, Iowa has 25 other communities that, although not in the CRS program, enforce higher floodplain development standards than the minimum required by the NFIP. Of these, five communities, Bernard, Chelsea, Clinton, Independence, and Pottawattamie County, are identified as most impacted and distressed in the Phase 1 application. The State of Iowa also has minimum floodplain development regulations that exceed the NFIP's minimum floodplain standards, including requiring the lowest floor of all new, substantially improved/damaged structures to be at least one foot above base flood elevation, and requiring that structures identified as having a"maximum flood potential", meaning that they are critical facilities or serve a critical need within their communities, be protected to at least one foot above the 500 frequency flood. Additionally, because of state floodplain requirements, the DNR calculates the base flood elevation for most floodplain development located in unnumbered A Zones within the state, regardless of whether or not the community participates in the NFIP. The Iowa State University's Climate Science Program has completed several studies on climate change, including Dr. Eugene S. Tackle's 2011 paper titled: Assessment of Potential Impacts of Climate Changes on Iowa Using Current Trends and Future Projections. Over the last 30 years, annual temperature increases, extreme precipitation events, and increases in humidity have impacted our communities and economy. Understanding these risks and vulnerabilities provides guidance in addressing our unmet needs. Since 2006, the Dubuque City Council has identified becoming a more sustainable and resilient city as its top priority. The Sustainable Dubuque vision, as defined by a citizen task force, is as follows: "Dubuque is a viable, livable and equitable community. We embrace economic prosperity, environmental integrity, and social cultural vibrancy in order to create a sustainable legacy for generations to come." This vision has become the lens through which all decisions are made by the City. The vision is defined by twelve sustainability principles which include Community Design, Green Buildings, Healthy Air, Clean Water, Smart Energy Use, Community Health and Safety, and Community Knowledge. More recently, Dubuque has engaged its partners in an effort to utilize data to transition to a more outcomes-oriented decision-making model. Many data sets are available to assist in this endeavor: historical weather data; financial and budget data that identifies the public and private economic costs of severe rain events to the community; national data that projects more frequent, severe temperature and precipitation events as a result of climate change; public health data that shows the impact of poor air quality and poor housing conditions on individuals; and more qualitative data that shows the personal impact to vulnerable populations during and after severe weather events. The key to the Smarter, Sustainable Dubuque initiative is synthesizing this vast amount of data into targeted, actionable key performance indicators that drive the City's resiliency work. The City was the first community in Iowa to join the NFIP in 1971 and has regulated floodplain development since 1990. The City has never approved a variance from NFIP requirements and has not allowed a single residential structure to be built in any flood hazard area The only new structures built in flood hazard areas have been commercial structures elevated and/or flood proofed in compliance with NFIP requirements. In 2013, the Dubuque City Council adopted the 50 percent by 2030 Community Climate Action & Resiliency Plan, a targeted approach to reducing greenhouse gases 50 percent below 2003 levels by 2030. As a result of recommendations in that plan, Dubuque had already reduced its emissions five percent by 2011. In addition, Dubuque is focused on incorporating actions to remain resilient in the face of climate change into its community planning process. The Bee Branch Watershed Project is a model for this proactive approach. Exhibit F Leverage and Outcomes State of Iowa Outcomes: The solution will be implemented with long-term commitments in place. Building from a planning-based, systematic framework to support watershed problem solving requires multi-objective project implementation. The solution will allow flexibility to address problems as they exist in different settings and landform type/eco- region, and not focus on one narrow set of approaches, practices or technologies. The project team will strive to facilitate voluntary implementation of best management practices to support long-term solutions within the current regulations. Attainable results will be achieved by addressing all types of impacts on water resources, including agricultural, commercial, municipal, and residential. Improving watershed function is a responsibility that all Iowans share.. The engineered solutions under consideration include systems designed to capture and retain water in the fields that will then be utilized in the summer months for irrigation. The co-benefits include measurable reduction in nutrients flowing into Iowa waterways and a reduction in soil loss during intense repetitive rain events. There is also the potential to design projects that include renewable energy activity. Iowa is very active in the production of renewable energy alternatives such as wind, solar and biofuels. IEDA, as the State-designated energy office, will bring opportunities to the attention of stakeholders as the project develops. Dubuque's Bee Branch Watershed Flood Mitigation project is a holistic, multi-phased, green infrastructure investment to mitigate flooding, improve water quality, stimulate development, and enhance quality of life. The project catalyzes community economic, social and environmental capital to create resilient neighborhoods, foster economic opportunities and balance resources. The 13-phase Bee Branch Watershed project will reduce the volume of stormwater, slow the rate of stormwater through the upper watershed, and increase the safe conveyance of stormwater through flood-prone areas. When complete, it also will include "daylighting" a buried creek, community gardens, outdoor amphitheater/classroom, bioswales, landscaped parkways, 1,000 trees, hike/bike trails, water recreation and other amenities, and necessary utilities and public infrastructure. The design life of the various improvements associated with the project is 100 years. The majority of infrastructure improvements are to be completed by 2021. The restoration of houses could be completed over two years. How can your idea be implemented in an environmentally and financially sustainable way? The funds utilized in this program will focus on buying down the initial costs of implementation, sharing the burden of the costs between the land owners and downstream communities. As the proposed approach is intrinsically linked to reversing the sources of environmental degradation through soil erosion and water pollution, environmental conditions are inherently addressed in the proposed project. The Bee Branch Watershed Flood Mitigation Project's single most important achievement is removal of silos at every project level including federal funding, and is thus financially sustainable. The project leverages public and private investments in order to improve neighborhood quality, thus improving property values. As opposed to building additional storm sewers that whisk rapidly-moving water downstream, the watershed approach creates space for natural management of flash flooding while protecting homes near the waterway. Dubuque's Housing and Community Development Department has been actively involved in the training of lead and "Healthy Homes" contractors. Because of past Lead Hazard Control Grants, the need for trained lead professionals was paramount to the success of the program. Currently, staff can provide all disciplines of professional lead certifications. Past HUD grant performances reported an average of 86 percent Section 3 contractors and workers on projects. The City will initiate a partnership with the local office of Iowa Workforce Development. This office offers immediate work on a daily basis for interested individuals. Training and business opportunities will be provided to low- and very-low-income persons living within the community by providing scholarships for participating in professional lead certification training, which will be required to perform work on the homes because of the high incidence of lead based paint use in this target area. To ensure the program reaches persons of need that may be under-served due to cultural differences, the Multicultural Family Center of Dubuque will be utilized for outreach. The staff is dedicated to reaching families based on understanding and collaboration across racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups committed to producing engaged families and community members. The Center will promote contractor and worker job opportunities in partnership with Northeast Iowa Community College, Successful project implementation will result in a 30 percent reduction of peak flow in the rural target area watersheds. This reduction will directly address the unmet recovery needs of the eligible target areas which are currently vulnerable to flooding. Success will be measured by the best practices implemented according to the landscape we are working within, by determining reduced soil loss and nutrients which are an indicator of reduced peak-flow. Measurements will be determined by computer modeling as well as utilizing existing and expanded stream gauging systems. The City of Dubuque will perform healthy homes interventions for 300 units, by utilizing rehabilitation, weatherization and lead resources. Structurally sound, energy-efficient, lead-hazard-free, safe, and healthy living environment will be the outcomes. This can be achieved by combining resources to maximize services through a collaboration of programs. Coordinated inspections and interventions will result in a bigger "bang for buck", with a lower per-home cost than would be experienced if each home was assisted by independent agencies without integrated schedules. Implementing integrated, green infrastructure solutions will result in better on-site management of severe rain events. These public and private investments and the creation of more resilient homes will prevent an estimated $582 million in damages over the 100-year life of the project and create an incentive for individuals and businesses to reinvest in the area, which can be measured in increased property values. Leverage: The City of Dubuque has engaged in conversations with FEMA to address floodplain and insurance issues. In the Bee Branch Watershed's flood prone area shown on the FEMA digital flood insurance rate map (DFIRM), a typical residential property owner, whose mortgage is federally backed, will need to purchase flood insurance at a cost of approximately $1,000 annually. Much of the properties included in the FEMA DFIRM flood zones are in low- to moderate-income neighborhoods. The financial impact of additional flood insurance costs are magnified for homeowners and businesses who are struggling to get by in a tough economy. If this neighborhood remains in FEMA flood zones, we anticipate disinvestment and the reversal of years of effort to encourage home ownership and reinvestment. Businesses and industries will experience higher costs to operate, and reduced borrowing power for building improvements, new machinery and equipment, and job growth. Removing land from the floodplain and establishing more moisture-resistant housing will result in diminished need for flood insurance. Additionally, flood insurance is not available to tenants in this high-renter neighborhood, furthering the potential negative impact on over 60 percent of the current population who rents. While many programs and resources already exist to support watershed programs, additional resources are needed to serve identified needs, especially to link programs effectively with local communities. Examples of potential funding sources include Section 319(IDNR/EPA), Water Protection Fund (DSC), Watershed Protection Fund (WSPF, DSC), PL566 Public Law 566 Watershed Program (MRCS), and Environmental Quality Incentive Program (MRCS). Partnerships with the Iowa Flood Center, Iowa DNR's watershed management authorities, the Iowa Daily Soil Erosion Project Team, and IDALS will provide the technical support for the project. The Project team will also look within the communities for additional resources. This could include financial, technical or in-kind support. By addressing a flooding issue using green infrastructure versus gray infrastructure, financial assistance through the EPA's Clean Water SRF Program is possible. Transforming the flood-prone area where commercial property values have actually dropped by 6 percent while they increased community-wide by 39 percent will result in affordable, safe and healthy workforce housing. The State of Iowa, through the Flood Mitigation Board, has firmly committed resources in the target areas to increase their resiliency to flooding. Letters of partnership demonstrate shared technical resources and financial incentives that mirror the approach outlined in this application. IDALS, DNR, IDOT, the Iowa Water Center at Iowa State University, and the Iowa Flood Center at the University of Iowa will be the primary partners committing funds, expertise, education and outreach, and research efforts to expand the program across multiple priority watersheds. Exhibit G Regional and Long-term Commitment State of Iowa Iowa is firmly committed to improving flood resiliency, at the local and watershed levels. As a measure to demonstrate this commitment, three specific areas are highlighted: the Iowa Flood Mitigation Board, the combined IDALS/DNR efforts to improve the ability of the watersheds to store and release water in a controlled manner, and the formation of Watershed Management Authorities. The result is less severe impacts from extreme rain events and a more resilient state. The State has implemented several measures across a broad spectrum of disciplines and geographic areas to reduce risks from flooding in communities across the state. In 2012, the Iowa General Assembly created the Iowa Flood Mitigation Board, whose sole purpose is to review and approve flood mitigation and resiliency projects across the state. To date, the Board has approved over $450 million in state financing for eight projects. Of these projects, five are located in areas identified as being most impacted and distressed. These communities (and the corresponding amounts of state financial assistance) include Dubuque ($98,494,178), Iowa City ($8,497,249), Coralville ($9,769,000), Storm Lake ($4,083,060), and Council Bluffs ($57,000,000). These projects estimate more than $4 Billion in avoided damages to permanent infrastructure, businesses, and households over the next twenty years. The State has also committed significant resources to improving water quality through efforts aimed at reducing field runoff, which in turn reduces pollutants, reduces sedimentation from erosion and reduces flooding impact by controlling the release of water. IDALS administers several programs that HSEMD endeavors to leverage to achieve broad-based flood reduction and resiliency, including: State Revolving Loan funds for watershed improvement projects; the Iowa Financial Incentives Program to increase water capacity in the soil; the Iowa Watershed Protection Program for flood control, water quality protection and soil erosion projects; the Resource Enhancement and Protection's Soil and Water Enhancement Account for use in stream bank restoration, urban storm water and traditional erosion control practices; and the Watershed Improvement Fund. The formal establishment of WMAs in 2011 created a mechanism for cities, counties, Soil& Water Conservation Districts, and stakeholders to cooperatively engage in watershed planning and management. WMAs are tasked with assessing and reducing flood risk, water quality, educating citizens, and allocating funds for flood mitigation. To limit the effects of extreme precipitation events, Dubuque has implemented a master plan for the Bee Branch Creek watershed. Over, 4,500 feet of buried Bee Branch Creek is being excavated, reconstructed and restored in a project that serves as a best practice for flood mitigation and water quality. It will re-introduce the confined Bee Branch Creek to the North End Neighborhood, one of Dubuque's oldest neighborhoods where hundreds of families and businesses have been repeatedly impacted by flooding. Once the over $200 million project is complete, 1,150 homes and businesses will benefit from flood protection that meets today's design standards for stormwater management and have access to open space and a linear park including trails, wetland restoration and landscaping using native plans and materials. The watershed-wide approach will also convert 240 alleys into "green alleys", reducing runoff and minimizing flooding. The 50% by 2030 Community Climate Action & Resiliency Plan was adopted in 2013 and includes strategies to reduce community greenhouse gases 50 percent below 2003 levels by 2030. The plan was crafted by the City and non-profit Green Dubuque, and includes recommended actions in five areas: Waste, Water, Energy, Transportation, and Miscellaneous. Notably, over two-thirds of the reductions described in the report are either active/planned (meaning that the projects are underway or included in current budgets), or highly likely (meaning that the current policy and financial environment makes it very likely the actions will be implemented). By 2011, the community had reduced GHG emissions by 5 percent from 2003 levels. One key municipal project implemented in 2013 to help meet that target is the completion of the Water & Resource Recovery Center. This $67 million project uses wastewater effluent for geothermal heating and cooling, in addition to using methane recapture. The facility uses 30 percent less energy than its 40-year-old predecessor, and will generate up to 600KW of electricity onsite with the intention of becoming a zero-energy facility. The Catfish Creek Watershed Management Authority was also created to bring public and private partners together to improve the 57 square mile watershed that includes industrial centers, residential neighborhoods, cropland, steep bluffs, and dense forests. In 2014, Catfish Creek Watershed Management Plan was drafted to address serious threats to the watershed, including large amounts of soil and nutrients entering the water from both urban and agricultural runoff. Included in the twenty-year implementation schedule are goals to restore 200,166 feet of critical priority stream reaches and riparian buffers and 250 acres of wetland.