Follow-Up Material to Blum Site City Council Work Session May 13, 2019 Copyrighted
J une 3, 2019
City of Dubuque Consent Items # 12.
ITEM TITLE: Follow-up to Blum Site City Council Work Session
Presentation
SUMMARY: City Manager transmitting information related to follow-up
questions from the May 13, 2019 Blum Site City Council
Work Session presentation.
SUGGESTED DISPOSITION: Suggested Disposition: Receive and File
ATTACHMENTS:
Description Type
Follow-Up to Blum Site City Council Work Session City Manager Memo
Presentation-MVM Memo
Staff Memo Staff Memo
Blum Site Part I - 5-13-19 Work Session Supporting Documentation
Blum Site Part I I - 5-13-19 Work Session Supporting Documentation
THE CITY OF Dubuque
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TO: The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager
SUBJECT: Follow-up to Blum Site City Council Work Session Presentation
DATE: May 29, 2019
Leisure Services Manager Marie Ware is transmitting information related to follow-up
question from the Blum Site City Council Work Session presentation.
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Mic ael C. Van Milligen �� �
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Attachment
cc: Crenna Brumwell, City Attorney
Teri Goodmann, Assistant City Manager
Cori Burbach, Assistant City Manager
Marie L. Ware, Leisure Services Manager
THE CTTY OF Dubuque
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Masterpiece on the Mississippi Z°°' Z°'Z
2013 2017
TO: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager
FROM: Marie L. Ware, Leisure Services Manager
SUBJECT: Follow-up to Blum Site City Council Work Session Presentation
DATE: May 28, 2019
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this memorandum is to share information related to a follow-up question
from the Blum Site City Council work session presentation. The request was to "share
the study information which speaks to race relations and teenage arrest rate
improvements by way of community center installation."
BACKGROUND
This memo sets forth studies on the potential for community centers and other leisure
activities to impact positive youth development and prosocial behavior. As noted in the
Dubuque 2010 Study on Crime and Poverty conducted by Northern Illinois University,
however, no two communities are the same and the context in which we are operating
always matters to outcomes.
https://www.citvofdubuque.orq/DocumentCenter/View/2742/Dubuque-2010-Studv-on-
Crime-and-Povertv-Summarv-R?bid Id=.
There is no "one-size-fits-all" solution or strategy that can be prescribed for the City of
Dubuque or any other city. As discussed below, there is not a mysteriously elusive
program or policy decision that can be implemented to change the complex factors
that contribute to the presence of crime in a community. As the study team confirmed
in the search of the literature, there is not a singular recommendation available to
direct a community on how to fight crime—every strategy must be tailored to the
needs, context, values and assets of the individual community. P. 74-75
Academic research has also pointed to a number of promising strategies to address
crime-susceptible neighborhoods with concentrated public or assisted
housing. Foremost among these strategies is the following: public housing units
should be located in garden-style settings, widely geographically disbursed into
neighborhoods with sufficient social resources. This helps ensure that residents are
supported socially, can create defensible space where residents can control their
immediate external surroundings, dampens the fuel that fires crime hotspots, and, has
been proven not to diffuse crime into the surrounding neighborhood. In addition, police
should engage residents by involving themselves into the problem
neighborhoods. Since no single community policing strategy can be applied
successfully in every setting, the guiding principles should be to increase contact with
residents, pursue community partnerships, and be proactive in preventing crime. P.
78.
Neighborhood attachment, informal social control and social capital are all associated
with lower levels of crime fear. Oh and Kim (2009) studied the effect of neighborhood
attachment on fear of crime. Neighborhood attachment was measured by the
number of friendships held with other neighborhood residents, amount of socialization
with neighbors, social cohesion (are neighbors trustworthy and is the community tight
knit), informal social control (would neighbors take action if they saw kids misbehaving
in public), and participation in neighborhood watch programs. Of those variables,
higher amounts of neighbor socialization, social cohesion and informal social control
significantly lessened fear among neighborhood residents. P. 115.
As a Leisure Services Department we were asked to research and consider ways to
create safe parks and with a goal to effect violence reduction in 2015. Recreation
Division Manager Dan Kroger put together the attached research completed at that
time. It highlights how city government, specifically recreation and policing can help to
create safe spaces and reduce crime in lower income areas. It points not to stopping
crime but rather displacing the opportunity to commit crimes in these areas through
greater community involvement and participation. A focal area for the department was
Jackson Park and as Downtown Neighborhood President Joe Noel can attest there
have been significant reductions and he credits the work of the city and specifically the
Leisure Services Department activities.
DISCUSSION
It was requested of the team we "share the study information which speaks to race
relations and teenage arrest rate improvements by way of community center
installation." The following is a compendium related to the requested information.
There have been a multitude of studies, reports and proven examples over the years on
the positive effects that infrastructure improvement, community engagement and/or
programming have especially in low-income areas. One of these studies goes back to
1969 when a Stanford psychologist, Philip Zimbardo, conducted an experiment on a
broken-window theory which details how dilapidated structures and spaces that are not
cared for nor repaired, increase the opportunity for and types of crime as well as
decrease community moral and perceptions. This theory was later published in 1982 in
the Atlantic Monthly by James Wilson and George Kelling titled Broken Windows
(https://www.theatlantic.com/maqazine/archive/1982/03/broken-windows/304465/).
2
More recently, at the NRPA (National Recreation and Park Association) annual
conferences in both 2017 and 2018, examples from cities like Philadelphia, Louisville,
St Louis, and Raleigh were presented in sessions around public safety, youth
programming and park infrastructures and the effects that their improvements have had
on crime and public perception in their specific spaces. In each case, these
improvements have increased the community's usage of these spaces which in turn
reduced the amount of crimes committed with these public spaces and in the immediate
surrounding area.
The positive effects that intentional changes to park infrastructure, youth programming,
and space available to youth can have on communities range from socio-economic
improvements, health education, community pride and involvement, as well as on crime.
Specifically, in the area of crime, as a park and recreation department (Leisure Services
in Dubuque) we are not necessarily responsible for working to rehabilitate nor change
the behaviors of the individuals who commit crime. However, as an accessible and
equitable department with resources to educate, mentor youth, program for the
community and provide other opportunities for information sharing and
physical/emotional outlets, we can have a very positive impact on crime reduction
and/or displacement in our public spaces and places. The Benefits of Recreational
Programming on Juvenile Crime Reduction:A Review of Literature and Data was a
review (http://www.nccu.edu/formsdocs/proxv.cfm?file id=2907) published in 2014 by
NRPA provides in detail the roles we can play as a public organization. This publication
cites numerous studies and research on the topic.
Throughout the remainder of this memorandum, we share the proactive approach to
reduce crime over time as park and recreation departments play a substantial role not
only through providing safe spaces to recreate but also by programming for youth and
young adults especially in lower income areas where many of these youths go
throughout their day without any structure or positive influences. Community centers
located in these same areas can have a similar effect. Community centers are safe
places and spaces for youth and adults to go throughout the year. Numerous programs
need a physical space to happen thus a community center becomes that place where
the programming described below can happen. It is only a building until you fill it with
programs and bring it alive with the programs and results described below.
Studies Related to Teen Arrest & Impact of Increased Opportunity for Leisure
Programming
As park and recreation professionals, it is our duty to our community to provide
programming that will help youth grow to become fully functioning adults by providing
services that will help youth develop important skills, such as conflict resolution,
independent thinking, problem-solving, and interpersonal communication. Any kids sport
pick-up game with no adults present does this. Parks and recreation departments are
key to crime prevention, as well as improving outcomes for youth who have participated
in the juvenile justice system.
3
According to the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA), park and recreation
professionals play a key role in 5 areas of youth development:
1) The need to establish an identity;
2) The need to establish autonomy;
3) The need for achievement;
4) The need to develop a moral compass; and
5) The need to develop close relationships.
Through recreational activities, youth have the potential to learn how to negotiate with
peers, resolve conflict, and work together for communal goals. Youth also can
experience safe places to try out different roles and interact informally with members of
the opposite sex. Another important role for park and recreation departments is that
youth can develop relationships with nonparental adults who may serve as important
mentors or role models. These relationships are often central to helping youth develop
into healthy adults (Witt). '
According to Witt the literature on the link between delinquency and out-of-school time
provides four interrelated perspectives for understanding that relationship (Caldwell and
Smith, 2006), including the:
• Filled-time perspective—Time filled with prosocial activities cannot be filled with
deviant activities. Youth with stronger attachment, commitment, involvement and
belief in positive social norms, activities and institutions are less likely to be
involved in association with deviant peers (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990).
• Association with deviant peers perspective—Certain activities are more likely to
instigate deviant behavior or association with a deviant subculture. Youth are
differentially motivated or tempted by situations and those who commit crimes do
not necessarily reject conventional values, but rather seek excitement,
conspicuous consumption, and toughness (Osgood, Wilson, O'Malley, Bachman,
and Johnston, 1996).
• Activity structure perspective—Time spent in informal and/or unsupervised
activities is likely to promote deviance, while time spent in supervised activities
protects against it. Structured activities offer fewer opportunities to engage in
deviant behavior because youth are engaged in doing something (as opposed to
nothing like hanging out, for example) that is engaging and positive.
• Person-environment interaction perspective—How activities are structured,
organized, and led is critical. Effective programming must take account of
individual factors associated with participants when planning programs. It has been
reported that structured activities are linked to low antisocial behavior, while
involvement at an unstructured center has been found to be associated with high
antisocial behavior (Mahoney and Stattin, 2000). The researchers noted that: ...the
issue is not whether an individual is engaged in an activity—the issue appears to
be what the individual is engaged in and with whom. In terms of antisocial
' Witt, Peter A., and Linda L. Caldwell. The Rationale for Recreation Services for Youth: An Evidenced
Based Approach. National Parks and Recreation Association, 2010,
www.n rpa.orq/qlo ba lassets/research/witt-caldwel I-ful I-research-pa pe r.pdf.
4
behavior, it may be better to be uninvolved than to participate in unstructured
activity, particularly if it features a high number of deviant youth (p. 123).
According to the National League of Cities, community-based resources, such as
recreation and leisure programming play an important role in helping youth reintegrate
into their community after returning from the Juvenile Justice system. Furr et al.z states
the following: "Action Step: Implement a continuum of high quality community-based
services. A robust continuum should aim to meet the individual needs for support and
accountability of youth involved in the juvenile justice system. City officials can provide
funding directly or lead efforts to raise and coordinate private funding for a variety of
programs, including:
• Restorative justice programs, including teen courts, community panels, Civic
Justice Corps crews or community conferencing, as in Baltimore;
• Cognitive behavioral modification programs, such as anger management programs
or cognitive behavioral therapy, as employed in the Becoming a Man program in
Chicago;
• Behavioral health services, including mental health treatment, counseling and
substance abuse treatment;
• Evidence-based interventions, such as multi-systemic therapy or family functional
therapy;
• Youth development programs, including mentoring, jobs programs, work readiness
and skills training, recreation or sports programs and community service
opportunities, as offered through Washington, D.C.'s YouthLink; and
• Educational supports, such as dropout reengagement and alternative education
centers or programs.
Youth at the "low" end of the juvenile justice system, such as those charged with
vandalism or loitering, may benefit from a very brief community service/restitution
opportunity combined with youth development or education supports. Youth facing more
significant charges and needs could benefit from evidence-based interventions or
cognitive behavioral modification programs. In addition to services and supports keyed
to the nature or apparent causes of the offense, young people can also benefit from
integrated approaches that address key developmental tasks such as acquiring job
skills and completing educational qualifications"3.
According to the National Parks and Recreation Association, structured recreational
programming can reduce juvenile crime. "At-risk youths have been found to especially
benefit from guided recreation programming. Low-income, at-risk youth experience
improved test scores in both reading and math after they begin participation in after-
z Furr, Laura E., et al. "NLC Municipal Action Guide: Increasing Public Safety and Improving Outcomes
for Youth through Juvenile Justice Reform." Models for Change, National League of Cities, 8 Dec.
2014, www.modelsforchanqe.net/publications/717.
' Ibid.
5
school programs. Data has also shown that students who reported spending no time in
afterschool extracurricular activities were 57 percent more likely to drop out of high
school, 49 percent more likely to use drugs and 27 percent more likely to have been
arrested than students who spend as much as four hours in structured activities."^
Allowing youth access to structured recreation programming can deter youth from
engaging in delinquent behavior or in crime, provide youth who have been in the
juvenile justice system with opportunity to reform, and help youth grow into healthy
adults.
After School and Summer Programs
6000 Hours, Author Robert Putnam states in his book, OurKids: The American Dream
in Crisis:
"Over the last 40 years, upper-income parents have increased the amount they
spend on their children's enrichment activities by 10 times the amount of their lower-
income pears. Meanwhile students from low-income families' have increasingly less
access to engaging activities, new experiences, caring adults outside their families,
and fewer opportunities to build academic, social and emotional skills."
The book goes on to say that by 6�h grade, upper and middle-class students have spent
6000 more hours learning than do children in poverty. Of that number 4000 are in
afterschool and summer programs. This opportunity gap cannot be filled through school
alone. Research shows that quality after-school programs increase academic scores,
improve social-emotional skills, attendance in schools, and reduce negative behavior.
Reference
The 6000 Learning Gap
https://www.expandedschools.orq/
Click the Learning Gap, scroll down to Click here to learn more to see research
related to this topic.
Anatomy of a 6000 Hour Deficit
http://hechinqered.orq/content/anatomv-of-a-6000-hour-deficit 6457/
Importance of Afterschool/Summer Programs in Limited Income Communities
Afterschool and summer programs are critical partners in helping to ensure that all
children are afforded the opportunities that will help them thrive and meet their full
potential. Afterschool programs can enact meaningful change by encouraging children
to explore different interest areas to find their passion, finding new and creative ways to
keep kids excited about learning, offering academic help to students who are struggling
° Kurts, David. Structured Recreation Programming Can Help Reduce Juvenile Crime. The National
Recreation and Parks Association, 1 Sept. 2015, www.nrpa.orq/parks-recreation-
maqazi ne/2015/septem ber/structu red-recreati on-proqramm i nq-can-he I p-reduce-i uven i le-cri me/.
6
with their school day lessons, and helping keep their students from being hunger by
providing snacks and meals. The demand for afterschool and summer learning
programs in limited-income communities is high. As reported in America After 3pm:
Afterschool in Communities of Concentrated Poverty5:
. The demand for afterschool programs in communities of concentrated poverty is
much higher than the national average, where more than half of children (56
percent) not in an afterschool program would be enrolled in one if it were
available to them, compared to the national average of 41 percent.
. Two out of three parents living in communities of concentrated poverty (66
percent) would like their child to take part in a summer learning program, 15
percentage points higher than the national average of 51 percent.
. Afterschool program participation in communities of concentrated poverty is
higher than the national average. Close to 1 in 4 children living in communities of
concentrated poverty participate in an afterschool program (24 percent),
compared to less than 1 in 5 children nationally (18 percent).
. More than 4 in 10 parents living in areas of concentrated poverty (41 percent)
report that their child took part in a summer learning program, 8 percentage
points higher than the national average (33 percent).
Studies have found that access to afterschool and summer learning opportunities
greatly impact people's lives. Children living in communities of concentrated poverty are
more likely to attend schools where the test scores are low, live in neighborhoods with
higher crime rates and have limited after-school options. With consideration of
struggles and barriers facing families living in low-income communities, quality after-
school programs, which include before school, afterschool and summer learning
programs are critical systems of support that can help bring back into balance
opportunity at all levels.
Afterschool programs provide students a number of supports, including a safe
environment, academically enriching activities, mentors who care about them, healthy
snacks and means and opportunities for physical activity. Many programs also provide
parents additional opportunities to become more involved in their child's education, offer
supportive services for entire families, and give parents peace of mind about their
child's safety whey they are at work or looking for work.
According to the study by Afterschool Alliances, there are challenges for families
seeking afterschool programs: accessibility and affordability.
5 America After 3PM Special Reports. Afterschool in Communities of Concentrated
Poverty. http://www.afterschoolalliance.orq/researchReports.cfm
6 http://afterschoolalliance.orq/documents/AA3PM-2015/National-AA3PM-Summer-Fact-
Sheet-6.11 .15.pdf
7
Accessibility
. More than 2 out of 3 parents living in communities of concentrated poverty (67
percent) report that finding an enriching environment for their child in the after
school hours was a challenge, compared to 46 percent of parents living outside
of these areas
. Parents living in areas of concentrated poverty were more likely than their higher-
income counterparts to report that lack of a safe way for their children to get to
and home from afterschool programs (51 percent versus 39 percent), hours of
operation (47 percent versus 31 percent) and inconvenient locations (41 percent
versus 33 percent) were important factors in their decision not to enroll their child
in a program.
Affordability
. More than 6 in 10 parents living in communities of concentrated poverty (61
percent) agree that current economic conditions have made it difficult for them to
afford placing their child in an afterschool program, 14 percentage points higher
than parents living outside of communities of concentrated poverty (47 percent).
. Close to 3 in 4 parents living in communities of concentrated poverty (73 percent)
say that program cost was very important in their selection of an afterschool
program, with more than half reporting that cost was extremely important in their
decision (53 percent).3 Among parents living outside communities of
concentrated poverty, 67 percent report that cost was an important factor in
choosing a program, with 44 percent reporting that it was an extremely important
reason.
. Among parents who do not have a child in an afterschool program, almost half of
parents living in communities of concentrated poverty (47 percent) report that the
cost of afterschool programs was a very important factor in their decision not to
enroll their child in a program, compared to 43 percent of parents living outside of
high-poverty areas.
A study released by the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA), 2018 Out-
of-School Time Report
(https://www.n rpa.orq/conte ntassets/c76ea3d5bcee4595a 17aac298a5f2b7a/out-of-
school-time-su rvev-resu Its-re po rt-2018.pdf
http://afterschoolalliance.orq/afterschoolsnack/Park-and-recreation-afterschool-
proqrams-make-a-real-difference 01-11-2019.cfm), highlighted the ways that local park
and recreation before school, afterschool, and summer programs are positively
impacting the lives of children and their families. With nine in ten park and recreation
agencies offering afterschool services, millions of children across the country are
benefitting from safe and supportive places to spend time outside of school.
The top five benefits of afterschool programs provide youth with:
1) Safe spaces to play outside of school hours
2) Free or affordable spaces to engage in health and wellness opportunities
3) Opportunities to socialize with peers
4) Exposure to nature and outdoor experiences
5) Educational support and supplemental learning opportunities
8
Why Afterschool Quality Matters
https://naaweb.orq/imaqes/Final NAA 1 E .pdf
Afterschool Programs Make a Difference: Findings From the Harvard Family Research
Project
http://www.sedl.orq/pubs/sedl-letter/v20n02/afterschool findinqs.html
The Ecobiodevelopmental Framework: How Developmental Science Translates into
Lifelong Outcomes — Implications of Poverty on Student Outcomes
"Early childhood adversity and toxic stress, factors in the new developmental contract
called Adverse Childhood Experiences, or ACEs, are now referred to by the American
Academy of Pediatrics as "new morbidities" (Garner, A. S., Shonkoff, J. P., Siegel, B.
S., Dobbins, M. I., Earls, M. F., McGuinn, L., & Wood, D. L., 2012). The need for new,
creative ways to address these morbidities in a more effective way is essential to
improve the physical and mental health of children, as well as the social and economic
well-being of the nation. Pediatricians and other health care professionals have long
been responsible for developmental assessments and the overall monitoring of a child's
wellbeing. Because the early roots of problems in both health and learning typically
occur outside of the walls of a medical office or hospital setting, the boundaries of
concern must move beyond the clinical setting and acute medical care of children and
expand into the larger ecology of the community, state, and society."
"Policy advocacy plays a critical role in promoting changes in well-established systems
that influence child health and development. Translating advances in developmental
science into effective interventions and lifelong health will require a fundamental shift in
the way the general public and policy makers view and invest in early childhood."
https://implicationsofpovertv.sauarespace.com/science-1/2016/12/8/the-
ecobiodevelopmental-framework-how-developmental-science-translates-into-lifelonq-
outcomes
"Children growing up in low-income households not only face a greater likelihood of
being exposed to strong, frequent, and/or prolonged adversity — but the adults in their
lives are often exposed to significant adversity as well and, therefore, are not as well-
positioned to mitigate the harm of these stresses in their kids' lives."
https://kaboom.orq/resources/plav research/toxic stress and carinq adults
Community Center Overview
How Does a Community Center Enhance a Neighborhood?
A quality community center is a valuable asset to any neighborhood. A well-run
community center serves as a thriving hub of activity for youth, families, senior citizens,
civic organizations, parks and recreation departments, and more.
9
Community Centers Have a Positive Impact on Community Youth
A vibrant community center can have a stabilizing effect on the lives of young people.
By providing safe and adequately equipped spaces for physical activities like dance,
martial arts, yoga, basketball, and other sports, community centers instill discipline,
healthy exercise habits, and teamwork. Community centers create the pertect setting for
local mentorship programs, providing guidance and leadership development for the
youth of the community. The role of community center is especially crucial for
communities that lack the necessary facilities to keep their children in safe
environments. After school programs provide a refuge for at-risk youth, helping to
reduce crime rates, court costs, and other costs to the community. Ensuring community
youth have a healthy outlet for their creativity and energy is an important step towards
long-term community improvement. Discipline, self-esteem, and leadership are all
qualities that are fostered in youth-focused programs.
Community Centers Provide an Opportunity for Education
A top-notch community center can have dedicated rooms for social clubs and academic
programs to supplement the school experience for students. Perhaps best of all, these
opportunities are afforded to local youth and their parents at little to no charge. A
community center provides a place where devoted coaches, teachers and staff
members create an environment of growth and learning for young people. A community
center can foster community pride and bring people together. Providing opportunities for
interaction, inclusivity, and community learning help contribute to economic
development and a safe community.
Community Centers Promote an Active and Healthy Community
Maintaining an active lifestyle is a fundamental aspect of a happy and healthy life.
Fortunately, community centers don't solely cater to young people. Walking clubs,
fitness programs, athletic opportunities, arts and crafts classes, and various cultural
activities are made available to those of all ages by community centers and partner
organizations. A community facility helps to develop a culture of physical wellbeing,
mental health, and nutritional education. With intelligent programming and effective
community outreach, a community center can be a central component to enact change
at the community level. Once again, there is little to no cost associated with participation
in these programs, which is a significant benefit for those living on a fixed income.
A National Example that Parallels the Blum Proposal - Civic Commons
http://civiccommons.us/
Reimagining the Civic Commons is a three-year, national initiative with projects in five
U.S. cities that revitalize and connect civic assets. A collaboration of national
foundations (The JPB Foundation, Knight Foundation, The Kresge Foundation and The
Rockefeller Foundation) and a network of local partners, the initiative is working toward
four main goals: civic engagement, socioeconomic mixing, environmental sustainability
and value creation.
10
They focus on civic assets as community connectors. As communities have segmented
by income, technology has advanced and priorities have shifted, support for civic assets
has declined. Due to underinvestment and apathy, they assert our civic assets are no
longer providing the connective tissue that bind together and anchor neighborhoods.
The result is more than overgrown ballfields and lackluster libraries: research shows
that Americans spend less time together in social settings, trust each other less and
interact less with others whose experiences are different.
Reimagining the Civic Commons intends to create great public places that are shared
by everyone, a neutral ground where common purpose is nurtured. Reimagining the
Civic Commons is advancing a vision for renewed and connected urban public places—
and reinventing how cities manage public assets. Central to their approach is the belief
that our shared public places are a portfolio of assets that have the power to influence
positive social outcomes. Based on this, they are working with teams to design, manage
and operate their civic commons in a manner that:
. Recognizes the intrinsic value of existing buildings, assets, neighborhoods and
people that others disregard
. Brings people of all backgrounds back into public life, reconnecting communities
to civic assets where trust can be formed
. Generates stewards and advocates for the assets that shift the behavior of
citizens from consumers to producers
. Provides the best quality for all and can compete with alternatives in the private
market
. Welcomes everyone and creates opportunities for shared experience among
people of all incomes and backgrounds
. Increases access to nature for residents and invites visitorship via walking, biking
or transit
. Provides ecological benefits to the surrounding neighborhood
. Attracts additional investment in the surrounding neighborhood to create tax
revenue to support the assets in a way that serves longtime residents
To achieve these outcomes, the funders are supporting collaboration among and across
city departments, local non-profits, community groups and a diverse range of
community members in the five demonstration cities. These partnerships are working to
foster public places that thoughtfully respond to community needs while making
progress toward our four main goals. An important part of their initiative is
measurements (http://civiccommons.us/app/uploads/2018/01/Measurinq-the-Civic-
Commons.pdf).
Civic Commons mirrors our BHAG that the Blum presentation outlined and connects
with the potential work that was imagined. When one adds the Bee Branch Creek
Greenway, Comiskey Park as well as Audubon School you have major civic
connections to the Blum site. The major private foundation funders of Civic Commons
work on the basis of data and performance just as we do. They would not be behind
such a project did they not believe in the outcomes.
11
Local Teen Arrest Data
Research specific to teens in Dubuque has shown that crime committed by or against
teens occurs on school days between 3:00 pm — 6:00 pm. Teen arrest records from
Dubuque Police Department for individuals aged 17 and under were compiled and
evaluated. Years/dates included were 1/1/2016 to 11/28/2018. Of the 1 ,932 charges
reported, 1 ,252 were males and 680 were female (some of these charges belong to the
same individual). Breakdown of ages of individuals charged: age 17 (417), age 16
(407), age 15 (348), age 14 (293), age 13 (207), age 12 (153), age 11 (82), age 10 (22),
age 9 (3). Total arrests during this time span were 1 ,524.
1 ,525 charges were reported during the school year, with 408 charges happening in the
summer. Charges by race were white (1040), black (868), Asian (17), unknown (4),
Indian (3). Top 5 charges were disorderly conduct (393), assault (315), theft (207),
criminal mischief (178), and interference with official acts (157).
Localized Dubuque data placed on geographical map shows larger concentration of
charges near Hillcrest Family Services, Hempstead High School, Senior High School,
Alternative Learning Center, between Central Ave and Elm Street from 11�n_32"a Street,
Locust/Almond St/Ellis St, Loras Blvd/Henion St-Locust, and Windsor/Merz. (this list is
NOT in order relating to amount of charges). The largest of those concentrations being
in the downtown areas between Central Ave and Elm Street from 11�n_32"a Street.
Time of day: Day of the week:
Earl Mornin 12:OOam-5:OOam 197 char es Monda : 309
Mornin 5:01am- 11:59am 515 char es Tuesda 343
Afternoon 12:00 m - 230 m 316 char es Wednesda 339
Late afternoon 231 m- 5:00 m 287 char es Thursda 273
Earl evenin 5:01 m- 8:00 m 293 char es Frida 278
Evenin 8:01 m-10:00 m 187 char es Saturda 194
Late Evenin 10:01 m-11:59 m 137 char es Sunda 196
This data was provided by the Dubuque Police Department and compiled by Leisure
Services AmeriCorps Partners in Learning Director.
How Does a Community Center Connect to All This Information on Youth and
Teen Arrest Rates?
The data and research presented above clearly makes connections to youth and teen
and negative behaviors and the positive effects of programming as well as involvement
of persons in those young people's lives. As the presentation shared, Leisure Services
has very limited programming space indoors. We currently offer programs throughout
the community and in this neighborhood with many, many more programs in this
neighborhood throughout the summer because they can be held outside. The square
footage to run programming indoors is virtually non-existent especially when one
considers the number of households in the area. Leisure Services does use school
12
sites as much as we can however we are always second, third or more in the pecking
order and often have activities cancelled for school events.
As the NIU study pointed out no two communities are alike. Each city and each
neighborhood have its own crime, socioeconomic levels and demographic profile. Each
city and neighborhood have its own physical infrastructure. NIU shared that there is no
"one size fits all" solution or strategy that can be prescribed for the City of Dubuque.
This means we must know the data, know the neighborhood, understand what we offer
and could potentially offer. We must also know our partners and their strengths and
ability to play a role in the solution or strategy.
NIU shared "there is not a singular recommendation available to direct a community on
how to fight crime" and that was backed up by their literature. Our presentation did not
say that we could totally solve race relations or the teenage arrest rate. We can be a
strategy (and a strong one based on the data shared above) working with various
departments and organizations to collectively impact the teen arrest rate through a
place and programming.
What about race and our relationships with one another?
If you have ever been around children and especially children on a playground you
know that race does not come in to play when deciding whether to play together. Those
children come together because they have a common goal—they want to play and have
fun. They meet and welcome others that want to play and have fun just like they do.
We have so much to learn from our children.
A park or community center by itself does not improve race relations. As government
staff, our focus should be on improving relationships between ourselves and the
communities we serve, and it is our collective effort to ensure equitable delivery of our
services to communities of color that is most likely to have an impact on race relations
in this sense. Each departmenYs equity plan and continued evaluation and
improvement of our service delivery, along with our review of our facilities and
infrastructure through an equity lens is where governmenYs primary role in race
relations lies. Accessibility to improvements in how we deliver our services and our how
these community members can access city services is a prime example as was outlined
in the presentation. Often people have heard said, "location, location, location".
Looking at the potential of a site that is easily accessible on foot as well as the Jule and
by vehicle as well is just a start in equitable service delivery and equitable access to one
of our most diverse neighborhoods.
Government can influence race relations by creating places--whether parks or
community center or civic spaces--where we come together with common goals or
common interests, we too will slowly make friends and break down those barriers in our
mind. When a parent, foster parent or grandparent sits at that playground or in a comfy
waiting area while their child participates in a program they connect over that common
bond. It can be a bond of the children themselves or it can be a bond that slowly
13
develops because of being in the same space in the same time. When you see your
child or children playing with another it is not uncommon for the parents to create a
connection through those young children. They start talking about anything from the
cute outfit one is wearing, commenting on the strength or leadership of a child or maybe
even joining in with the kids pushing them on swings or having the children on their
laps. Relationships start with one nod, one conversation, one common moment.
It starts with a place that is welcoming, that is cared for, that is open, that sets a tone of
we are excited you are here and will help—whether child or adult. The research above
does not call out race specifically but relates to persons of all races. We have seen
what building a welcoming environment has done for the Multicultural Family Center. In
five years it outgrew its small building and moved into its current building and now 10
years later we are adding on as it is bursting at the seams. Programs and a space—
that is what the MFC is about and yet it is so much more. It is our welcome mat, it is
inviting to both children and adults. It seems like your living room that invites you to sit
down and chat. I see the relationships across cultures bloom all the time there. It starts
sometimes in that front room and sometimes at a program. We have a successful
model that is working in the Downtown Neighborhood. This proposal is the next
extension of that successful strategy that started 15 years ago as an idea just like this
Blum proposal is.
The Blum presentation and our BHAG is not a part of the fifteen 2018-20 Policy Agenda
items specifically. It could fall under the high priority of Crime Prevention Program if it
was happening in that timeframe. What it does fall under is the 2035 Vision and the city
mission statement and most importantly it meets the Goals for 2024 of Vibrant
Community, Livable Neighborhoods and Housing, Financially Responsible, High
Performance City Organization, Sustainable Environment, Partnership for a Better
Dubuque, Diverse Arts, Culture, Parks and Recreation Experiences and Activities as
well as Connected Community and I could argue that it also meets Robust Local
Economy. Seldom does a potential project meet every council goal.
The Blum presentation and BHAG resonates loudly when reviewed against the Council
approved outcomes and values to residents that are the focus of most staff work and
our measurements. We as city staff consider, think, brainstorm, research, meet,
discuss, and focus constantly on outcomes. This idea is beyond just the cleanup of a
brownfield which is required and a maintenance shop which is needed for the area. It
could meet the goals, the outcomes and the value residents shown below.
Robust Local Economy: Diverse Businesses and Jobs with Economic
Prosperity
Outcomes
• Create a resilient regional Dubuque economy
• Have the infrastructure and amenities to support economic development and growth
• Embrace diverse populations to support a diverse multicultural workforce with equitable
job opportunities
Value to Residents
14
• Young professionals want to live here and college graduates want to stay
• Children and grandchildren want to stay or return to raise their families
• More retail, services, recreational and entertainment opportunities — keeping sales tax and
dollars in Dubuque
Vibrant Community: Healthy & Safe
Outcomes
• Continue to become an inclusive and equitable community in which all feel welcome,
included, and leaving no one behind
• Have an efficient public health system that focuses on prevention and wellness
• Have residents feeling safe in any neighborhood and throughout the community
• Have residents feeling that they are part of the solution
Value to Residents
• Everyone is welcome in the Dubuque community
• Equitable treatment for all
• City services are available for all and delivered in an equitable and fair manner
Livable Neighborhoods and Housing: Great Places to Live
Outcomes
• Increase the visual appeal and beauty of the city with attractive gateways, corridors,
neighborhoods, homes and businesses
• Have safe, healthy, inclusive neighborhoods citywide
Value to Residents
• Choice of livable neighborhoods
• Opportunities for our children to stay in Dubuque
• Protection of home and property values
Financially Responsible, High Performance City Organization: Sustainable,
Equitable and Effective Service Delivery
Outcomes
• Provide City services responsive to the community
• Provide easy access to City information and services for all
Value to Residents
• Financially sound and responsible City government
• Easy, convenient access to City information and services
• Service value for taxes and fees
• Opportunities to become involved in City governance and planning
• Customer-focused City service delivery
Sustainable Environment: Preserving and Enhancing Natural Resources
Outcomes
• Reduce the community's carbon footprint (50% by 2030)
• Reduce the potential flooding through flood plain management, mitigation and protection
15
• Become a resilient city using sustainable and affordable technology for water, energy,
transportation, health and wellness, discard, community engagement—a model
community for the world
Value to Residents
• Protecting the natural resources and environment of Dubuque
• City government using sustainable practices in daily operations
• Healthy living environment: homes, neighborhoods and community
• Clean water and air
• Creating a more livable, viable and equitable community
• Opportunities for a healthy lifestyle including local food products
Partnership for a Better Dubuque: Building our Community that is Viable and
Equitable
Outcomes
• Increase resident engagement in the City governance processes
• Have non-profit institutions, private businesses and educational institutions contributing
toward implementation of the Imagine Dubuque plan
• Have opportunities for residents for upward mobility and empowerment across all
demographics
• Engage contracted and purchased service partners in advancing Council goals and
community betterment
• Become an inclusive and welcoming community for all
Value to Residents
• Sense of community pride and commitment to the Dubuque community
• More ownership of"end" products — residents involved in the process and support
outcomes
• Protection of residents' interests
• Access to wealth and social capacity—financial, spiritual, social, etc
• Better access and use of City facilities
Diverse Arts, Culture, Parks and Recreation: Experiences and Activities
Outcomes
• Have well-built, well-maintained and upgraded parks and park amenities
• Have welcoming community events and festivals that bring the Dubuque community
together— residents meeting residents
• Have family-oriented programs and activities
• Expand arts and cultural opportunities with access for all
Value to Residents
• Opportunities for all to experience diverse arts and culture
• Choice for residents' leisure time
• Family oriented activities for all generations
• Accessible, equitable and diverse recreational and enrichment programs, facilities and
activities
• Access to quality parks, facilities and park amenities for all
• Enriches quality of life
16
Connected Community: Equitable Transportation, Technology, Infrastructure &
Mobility
Outcomes
• Have well maintained, improved transportation system—vehicles, roadways, sidewalks
and trails
Value to Residents
• Reduced traffic congestion and improved traffic flow
• Greater economic opportunities
• Choice among alternative transportation modes
ACTION REQUESTED
This memo is for informational purposes only to share research and data related to race
relations and teenage arrest rate improvements by way of community center installation
as well as ties that research and data to equity impacts, outcomes and the value to
residents.
cc: Steve Sampson Brown, Project Manager
Dan Kroger, Recreation Division Manager
Heather Satterly, AmeriCorps Director
Steve Fehsal, Park Division Manager
Jackie Hunter, Multicultural Family Center Director
Kelly Larson, Human Rights Director
Jerelyn O'Connor, Neighborhood Specialist
Mary Rose Corrigan, Public Health Specialist
Teri Goodmann, Assistant City Manager
Cori Burbach, Assistant City Manager
Mark Dalsing, Police Chief
Crenna Brumwell, City Attorney
Gus Psihoyos, City Engineer
Deron Mehring, Civil Engineer
17
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Safe Parl�s
How to Reduce Violence In and Around Parks
Dan Kroger / November i6, aoi5
18
When referring to public spaces, American Urbanist William H. Whyte once said, "So-
called 'undesirables' are not the problem. The best way to handle the problem of
undesirables is to make the place attractive to everyone else" (NRPA, zoiz). The basic
concept of a park or neighborhoods safety is people. Having more people being active in
these spaces deters the others who want to cause problems. This concept is consistent in
all parts of the world. Researchers from the Commission for Architecture and the Built
Environment (CABE) based in the UK, have done exhaustive research on how
park/community design combined with demographics play a major role in anti-social
behavior. The National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) along with along with
Universities have also done research on safe park environments and the role of
neighborhood parks as crime generators. In addition, the U.S. Department of Justice
developed a Community Police Response Guide for "Dealing with Crime and Disorder in
Urban Parks." Communities in our largest urban areas (New York, Chicago,
Philadelphia, Las Angeles, etc.) have all created programs to help reduce the amount of
crime in their public spaces.
Throughout all of these publications there are 3 main themes.
i. Infrastructure and Design
z. People/Participants
3. Community
Infrastructure and design can directly relate to anti-social behavior. Where amenities are
located, how well lit the park and wallcways are, tree location, and more can all contribute
to whether or not a public space is safe; however, infrastructure and design also relates to
amenities. Does the area have activity generators that people actually want to use? Do
these generators draw in people from both the community and other areas? According to
the U.S. Department of Justice, parks with more activity generators experience less crime
(Hilborn, zoo9). These activity generators can be passive and/or programmable. A
passive activity generator is something within the park that a patron can participate by
themselves or with friends without the need for programming. Quality wallcing paths,
outdoor chess sets, outdoor ping pong tables, playgrounds, splash pads, graffiti walls, etc.
are examples of passive recreation. Programmable recreation generators are ball fields,
basketball courts (can also be passive), band shells, etc. where city staff or community
members can hold structured activities.
The ultimate goal of infrastructure and design is to bring people to the park. The design
and setting of a park determines whether it is well used. Well used parks have enough
legitimate users to monitor what goes on in them (McCord & Groff, zou). Studies show
that the more people are in the park, the less opportunity for crime. These patrons in the
park can be considered natural guardians (Hilborn, zoo9). These guardians are ordinary
citizens whose presence serve as a reminder to potential offenders that someone is
watching. This idea reaches outside of the park borders. In many neighborhoods,
19
patrons wallc to their local park area. It is just as important that the access routes to and
from the park have quality wallcways that are well lit at night and in good repair.
Encouraging foot traffic around the park, expands the natural guardianship into the
neighborhood.
Just as important as infrastructure and design is the cleanliness and attention provided to
space. The decline in a park's condition creates the opportunity for antisocial behavior to
become dominant. Much like the Broken Window theory, negligence creates an
atmosphere that states no one is watching nor cares. If someone walks by an old building
with broken windows, the chances are greater that they may try to break any remaining
solid windows. Obviously no one cares about this building and its ok/fun to throw rocks
at it. Even worse, people may choose to use this building for drug purposes or other
crimes. In a playground, if graffiti is not taken care of immediately, playground
equipment is in disrepair, and lights are out regularly this provides an impression to
potential at risk youth and other criminals that no one is watching nor cares. Essentially
this space would be considered an easy target for someone wanting to commit a crime.
To the everyday patron, a consistent lack of attention can provide the perception that the
park is unsafe which will result in the lack of use.
Programming utilizes the amenities to another level for patronage of a park and/or
neighborhood. Programming expands the outreach of programs and services to attract a
greater number of people to the area. It also typically includes staff which are able to
monitor park activity at a higher capacity than the average patron. This can include
weekend festivals, basketball leagues, playground programs, teen nights, art fairs, etc.
The overwhelmingly most influential part of park/neighborhood safety is the community.
In every successful neighborhood turnaround project researched, the support and buy-in
from the people who live in these areas had the greatest impact. This buy-in can also be
defined as a "personal sense of place." Without personal meaning there is little
motivation to get involved in crime prevention (Hilborn, zoo9). There is also an
accelerated reaction to view a park/neighborhood as unsafe for those individuals who are
not vested in the neighborhood. In response to this reaction, organizations such as CABE
and the Project for Public Spaces have been developing models for place-making. As one
example, youth and young adults (ages iz to z5) are often involved in park/neighborhood
crime. This activity can range from loitering throughout the neighborhood to serious
crimes involving drugs, vandalism, or much worse. In an article posted on the Project for
Public Spaces website (�vww.pps.org) examples were provided on how cities throughout
the world have worked with their young people to solve issues within their
neighborhoods. By being actively engaged in youth-friendly spaces, young people can feel
like they have an investment in their community and they can develop a strong sense of
ownership in these places (Millard, zoi5). In the article's examples, these cities were able
to change the way their public spaces were utilized through engaging young people in the
planning process. These processes included updated amenities, design, and community
20
watch programs. The more that the youth felt a part of the space, the more active they
became as well as attentive to inappropriate behavior.
Conclusion
Creating safer public spaces cannot be accomplished by one person, group, or entity. In
other words the City cannot do it alone. It is the effort of everyone with the vested
interest in these spaces that has the greatest impact on whether or not they are safe. It is
going to take a critical look at infrastructure of these parks and surrounding
neighborhoods along with increased and intentional programming by both staff and the
community to drive positive change. This change can reshape community wide
perceptions toward an area's safety as well as value.
References
CABE. (zoo4, November). Policy Note: Preventing Anti-Social Behavior in Public Spaces.
Retrieved from Cabe Space: http://www.cabespace.org.uk
CABE. (zoo5). Decent Parks? Decent Behavior? The Link Between the Quality of Parks
and User Behavior. Retrieved from Cabe Space: http://www.cabespace.org.uk
Hilborn, J. (zoo9, May). Dealing With Crime and Disorder in Urban Parks. Retrieved from
COPS, U.S. Department of Justice: http://www.cops.usdoj.gov
McCord, E., & Groff, E. (zou). The Role of Neighborhood Parks as Crime Generators.
Security Journal, i-z4.
Millard, C (zoi5, June z). Young People and Placemaking: Engaging Youth to Create
Community Places. Retrieved from Project for Public Spaces: http://www.pps.org
NRPA. (zoiz). Creating Safe Park Environments to Enhance Community Wellness.
Retrieved from National Recreation and Park Association: www.nrpa.org
21
DUBUQUE 2010 STUDY ON CRIME AND POVERTY SUMMARY REPORT
RELATIVE CITINGS
The Dubuque 2010 Study on Crime and Poverty Summary Report conducted by
Northern Illinois University (NIU) provided a literature review on general effective
strategies/policies for preventing crime in mid-sized communities and effective
strategies/policies to alleviate the perception of crime. They shared, "Though the
literature provides for multiple strategies that may be appropriate for mid-sized
communities such as Dubuque, it is important to note that no two communities are alike,
nor have any of the authors been able to generalize their Study's findings. Each
municipality's existing landscape of crime, demographics and policies must be taken
into consideration, including the legal, fiscal, and technical feasibility as well as the
political acceptance of each strategy and/or combination of strategies."'
"The City of Dubuque has been committed to a professional approach to managing its
affairs based on analysis, expertise, review, dialogue, and objective decision-
making. From this orientation and recognizing that crime remains a chief concern
among residents, the City asked that a broad study of crime and poverty be undertaken.
In this context, the purpose of the analysis that has been presented here is not to
identify a "silver bullet," but to establish a foundation of understanding based on
objective data analysis and sound research principles that will be useful to frame future
dialogue regarding crime and poverty in Dubuque. There is no "one-size-fits-all"
solution or strategy that can be prescribed for the City of Dubuque or any other city. As
discussed below, there is not a mysteriously elusive program or policy decision that can
be implemented to change the complex factors that contribute to the presence of crime
in a community. As the study team confirmed in the search of the literature, there is not
a singular recommendation available to direct a community on how to fight crime—
every strategy must be tailored to the needs, context, values and assets of the
individual community. However, by 1) gauging resident perceptions, 2) comparing
crime attributes with similar communities, 3) examining patterns of crime in Dubuque, 4)
exploring potential connections of various demographic groups to crime, including Sec.
8 participants, and, 5) canvassing the academic literature regarding crime and poverty,
this study provides Dubuque policymakers with an objective assessment of local crime
and poverty that can move the discussion beyond competing perceptions toward
reasoned solution."8
"Research shows that these neighborhoods suffer from cumulative disadvantage, where
the simultaneous presence of negative factors such as families below the poverty line,
families receiving public aid, the unemployed, and female-headed households with
children in a dense setting combines to create social and physical disorder. As disorder
increases and crime blossoms, residents feel that they are unable to exert formal and
informal control over the neighborhood and become fearful of crime, further weakening
� Dubuque 2010 Study on Crime and Poverty Summary Report; Northern Illinois University.
https://www.citvofdu buaue.orq/DocumentCe nter/V iew/2742/Dubua ue-2010-Studv-on-Cri me-a nd-
Povertv-Summarv-R?bidld= Page 7.
8 Ibid. Page 74-75.
22
collective efficacy and social networks. This creates hotspots of crime that can be
difficult, if not impossible, to immediately reverse. It is the concentration of low
incomes and poverty in resource-poor neighborhoods that can be blamed for many
high-crime neighborhoods.
Nonetheless, academic research has also pointed to a number of promising strategies
to address crime-susceptible neighborhoods with concentrated public or assisted
housing. Foremost among these strategies is the following: public housing units should
be located in garden-style settings, widely geographically disbursed into neighborhoods
with sufficient social resources. This helps ensure that residents are supported
socially, can create defensible space where residents can control their immediate
external surroundings, dampens the fuel that fires crime hotspots, and, has been proven
not to diffuse crime into the surrounding neighborhood. In addition, police should
engage residents by involving themselves into the problem neighborhoods. Since no
single community policing strategy can be applied successfully in every setting, the
guiding principles should be to increase contact with residents, pursue community
partnerships, and be proactive in preventing crime."9
"With this in mind, the research team offers the following broad principles to assist in
developing strategies to address crime and poverty:
• Utilize this study as a springboard for objective dialogue — Decision-making absent
information can create dangerous perceptions and exacerbate existing
conditions. The report offers a wealth of data and analysis to help understand crime
and poverty in Dubuque. Policymakers, staff, and residents are encouraged to adopt
the analytical approaches contained within the study now and into the future to guide
public discourse on these vital community issues.
• Invest in, partner with, and empower at-risk neighborhoods— By rehabilitating housing
stock, addressing physical and social disorder, establishing relationships between
police and neighborhood residents, partnering with neighborhood businesses and
nonprofits, Dubuque policymakers can help those living in suffering areas to reclaim
their neighborhoods. ... Residents in these areas must have trust in each other and
police in order to reclaim their neighborhoods.
• Address downtown crime hotspots — Focusing resources toward these areas through
efforts such as saturation patrol and minimizing disorder can have a tremendous effect
upon crime; however, it is important to note that these efforts are most effective after
community policing strategies to build relationships in troubled neighborhoods have
been successfully implemented.
• Address poverty wherever it occurs — As poverty and low income are the greatest
predictors of crime, Dubuque policymakers would be wise to provide assistance to the
impoverished so that they can regain their financial footing. Such efforts could prove
to be the most significant crime prevention strategy available and could help ensure
that other neighborhoods do not fall prey to the cycles of poverty and crime."'o
9 Ibid. Page 78.
10 Ibid. Page 80-81.
23
"Neighborhood attachment, informal social control and social capital are all associated
with lower levels of crime fear. Oh and Kim (2009) studied the effect of neighborhood
attachment on fear of crime. Neighborhood attachment was measured by the number
of friendships held with other neighborhood residents, amount of socialization with
neighbors, social cohesion (are neighbors trustworthy and is the community tight knit),
informal social control (would neighbors take action if they saw kids misbehaving in
public), and participation in neighborhood watch programs. Of those variables, higher
amounts of neighbor socialization, social cohesion and informal social control
significantly lessened fear among neighborhood residents.
Social capital (defined as the level of social resources one has available through one's
social network) has been shown to affect fear and perception of neighborhood crime,
according to a study by Kruger and Hutchison (2007). Crime fear was an itemed
scale. The items were:
• How feartul are you about crime in your neighborhood (very fearful to not at all
feartul)?
• How safe is it to walk around the neighborhood in the daytime?
• How safe is it to walk the neighborhood at night (extremely dangerous to completely
safe)?
• Compared to other neighborhoods, the crime rate in my neighborhood is... very high
to very low.
The social capital was measured as an itemized scale: asking if neighbors are willing to
help each other and how trustworthy their neighbors are. For people ages 10 to 24 and
50 or older, social capital had a significant negative relationship with fear of
crime. Because social capital, informal social control and neighborhood attachment are
important predictors of crime, promotions of activities like community gardens and
neighborhood watches are recommended.""
" Ibid. Page115.
24
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• Connected communities are more resilient.
• They are better able to spring back when hard times hit, protect and
prepare themselves against global issues.
• Research shows they are happier and healthier.
Nowhere else in the City do we have a connected
community space like the eee eranch Creek Greenway.
Connected Communit
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• Comfortable shared spaces give people a chance to meet others, gather,
relax, and try new things.
• It might be yoga, learning about healthy eating and how to grow
vegetables, or help with personal development.
Nowhere else in the City do we have a connected
community space like the eee eranch Creek Greenway.
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Ho w We G o t Here
• Location for a maintenance facility, storm shelter, and public restrooms
• Needed more green space - so we looked at the West Blum Site
• EPA Brownfields Cleanup Grants for existing site — capping contaminated soil
• Condition assessment of structures on site — Look at saving the building on
the West side along Elm St. and redeveloping for future use
• Community engagement (required for grant): What type of activities and
equipment does the public want to see in the future recreational space?
� ' . � � • • �
�i�1�? d� C��� �c�Er�kxs�!r�wf�}� ��r�� �fiia-ans �ur�vey� �ve �ornm�,
• 37% disagreed with the statementthattheyfeel safe in the Downtown � ��
� • �
: � �
• 25% disagreedwiththestatementthattheyfeelsafeintheNorthend .
'�...��..
• 36% saidracerelationsisthebiggestchallengefacingthecommunityasawhole
• 33% disagreedwiththestatement, "RacerelationsinDubuquearegood."
• 19% disagreedwithstatement, "Dubuqueisawelcomingcommunitytopeopleofdifferentbackgrounds."
• 81% ofthosesayingalackofservicesisabigormoderateproblemintheirpartofthecommunitycomefrom
the Northendor"anotherpart" ofthecommunity
• 43% ofthosesayingcrimeisabigormoderateproblemintheirpartofthecommunitycomefromthe
Northend and Downtown
� ' . • � • • •
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Concentrated Areas T�a°' � �
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of Poverty by Block Group 8G4 �10zB�, ' �
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11 02 � �� 5 BG 2 �\ Tract 4 BG 2
BG3 � � Trec139G2
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11A2
LEGEND �`� \ �� 15�
� Tract 5 BG 3
� RaciaVElhnicConcenlraledA�easofPovetlya120%R/E�hres�olJ
� __�
>40%o!population below pover�y and dose�0 20%ftlE�hreshold Trgcl L Trecl6 9G 1
� RaciaVEthnic mnceniration exceetls 20%Ihresholtl and close�0 40 h povetly Ihreshold �Z��� Retl 5 BG
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2010 Biwk Gmups
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January 2016 — November 2018 � ; �Q° +_W �L � � 1
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�
OU R B HAG
Big Hairy Avdaciovs Goal
Creating an Equitable
Community of Choice
Ou r B HAG - Big Hairy Audacious Goal
Transform the '�r�
wny some como•�i•+
"°"'""`°° Blum site into a.
,�a a��e„oo�, ..
G O O D T O PASSION EQUITY &
- � - � �;� MIVII� IVITY' INCLUSION
CENTER & PARK
. �
JIM COLLINS Imagine an...
a°��; '° "'_' BEST AT
�CCESSo � LE �f� �
WELCOMING PLACE
with all kinds of services and programs -- for and with -- all kinds of people.
• � — •
• 2017 City Expo: Dot Exercise • Online Forms: Almost 600 responses
from Sept. — Dec. 2017
�
� 1 � �=� - � � , . � � -- ��� '�E WA �IT YOUR IDEAS ! �
��� �:�i for the future recreatronal space along the Bee Branch Creek
� "`"' � - ��11" ' - �" �' Vote fo� yoar 3 favorite concepts!
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�� � � �`��� Caring for our vibrant historic �`� ���' � �� � �� � ��� � � `������� �',���"'� �
o u e u a u e •`s ,_,. ,�. � 1'' . ,. . . 6� • �: ,. , ` ' ..-� °.:rt- . ,;
�� ,��`�TH neighborhoods and businesses. � �����._ - - ,_ • . ,��
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PRIORITY 2 � � ��� �� � � �„� / y'
Identification and pursuit of the redevelopment, reuse and � , ��' ,, ,
repurposing of commercial and/or industrial assets with the ��' `� � � -� ' ��� \ y�d!
greatest opportunity for a "transformative" effect. : � � � � ��� � •
.;
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Identify key commercial or industrial properties whose � � - �r -�' , � � g m �
8 �
redevelopment, reuse or repurposing would have the ' ' "' . �•��' � � �
greatest positive economic, environmental and cultural `�` � � „ "� � �w
. � m �
impact for the community or neighborhood. � � �` " -� 8 '
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IMAGINE
SOCIAL + CULTURAL V18RANCY is closely linked to our individual, . D V B V Q � E
community, and economic well-being. To enhance this vibrancy, �� �
residentssuggested:
• Enhance eventaccess and participant diversity
• Improve perceptions of community safety
• Promote healthy lifestyles
• Increase eco-education programming, particularly for children
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� IMAGINE
: DUBUC� l1E
����.��_� -� ��:� �T� �� rL �:�' � 1� ���� ��' �• •
Public recreation investments are a prime means for building Use recreation investnnents
inclusion through programming, community activity, and space.
as �c��.��t�,f enhan�,� :.
Construction of a community center with indoor aquatics,
and renovation and re-programming of park spaces, both P�pY9round and park enhancements,
were cited throughout the public engagement process as as well as lighting, can be targeted for
badly needed, and a means to enhance equity and updates that create safe, accessible
connections among Dubuque residents. spaces attracting people from well
beyond the immediate neighborhood.
� n o.� f Keeping an "equity eye" in the siting,
-�n �'ti�P Ma�`��J'm�� planning and design of these
' lP�h��hooc(� � �pQ.1���QY��or investments will benefit Dubuque.
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•
� IMAGINE
; DU � UC� UE
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RECOMMENDATIONS �¢si���,� ��.�,>> _ :
"Dubuque needs a better Community
�' "'s - �� +'°�{^"'�'"°=�� Center/LeisureServices. OurLeisureServices
Recreation M � . � , tu�;�; a � ��,� --
aw «�^��,,s. ;-1 Department does well with what they have
���1� ��`_ r� " �1� , �`'y but their acilities are limited. In m vision
Initiate a feasibility evaluation for a � � :�"i� J 1 f y
L ww � WF .u^U' f'�"
y�,.�2A1.� , �,�, � �P,�,+;e, of Dubuque we would have a Community
Community Center, potentially including � � 4 � -��p,�° �°��,",;
,�;,.w��,� � tfi �� � „�;,; �,,,.; Center with classes for children, youth, and
indoor recreation and indoor/outdoor ,,,�„ ,�~,; .. ,•�� �
-w w,r= , � �?."'!S�.'F"� pdults.....like gymnastics, tumbling, pottery,
aquatic facilities, with an eye towards exerciseclasses, conversational language
creating a multi-generational and central ra�r'��!�,<;;,;r.� , ,,.� classes.... other communities where I have
� �, �._., ,,� ..-
community gathering place that '��"'."� �'y�' ' Y ��; lived have these kinds of activities for
supports health, wellness, and soCial � ���� 1�' ��`'"��' � �';��' people of all ages. Our Leisure Services have
some o this but the lack o acilities 1 am
interaction among residents. -':- '��1�,�-��'�W r�".F- „M�•� f ff
v�,, `,;�.,N,�;�,F,��� �- '���'� sure make this very hard to make work."
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• Families • Retirees • Young Professionals
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, �' � ' � ���_; �� �r �� "We know each day is an opportunity
- � �• v �,►T for us to bring people from varied
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Multi-modal Accessibility � � � . '` :�
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• National average for square footage is 11,000 _ ,,- ,; "_ '°'�3 r,� -, 7��„�,
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� RacialiElbnicConcenUaletlAreasofPovetlya120%R/E�M1resM1oltl
� >40%of population belmv poveM and dose to 20%WE tM1resM1old
� RaciallEthnicmncentalionexceeds20%IFresM1Oldantlr.loselo40%poveitylM1msM1old
� 2010&ock Gmups
� Dubuque Ciry Limits
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• Comiskey Building ( BB) 1, 624
• Free Pre-school & Community Meetings
• Allison Henderson — Upper 1,080
• Youth Enrichment ( 18 mo . to 5 years)
• Allison Henderson — Lower 900
• Arts (dance, music, art, etc. )
• Resource Room ( Prescott) ( BB) 500
• MFC ( Multi-Purpose Room ) ( BB) 800
Total Indoor Space 4,904 square feet
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Parking/Drives/Walks/Stairs/Walis/Canoe Ramp $ 512,000
Plantings $ 137,750
Site Amenities & Lighting
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Playground/Climbing Feature
$ 200,000
Bike/Scooter Playground $ 50,000
Large "DBQ" Play Element $ 70,000
Sub Total $ 1 ,406,500
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Picnic Shelter $ 142,000
Overlook Deck $ 165,000
FEMA Storm Shelter and Restrooms $ 525,000
Sub Total $ 832,000
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Storage Building
$ 85,000
Parking/Drives/Walks/Stairs/Walis $ 95,000
Sub Total $ 415,000
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Grading $ 4,500
Parking/Drives/Walks/SidewalWWalls/B-Ball Courts $ 1 ,076,750
Plantings $ 131 ,000
North Site — Hardscape Amenities & Lighting $ 294,500
South Site — Hardscape Amenities & Lighting $ 151 ,000
Sub Total $ 1 ,657,750
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North Addition — Stairwell/Elevator/Storage/Mechanicals $ 1 ,560,000
East Addition — Porch Structure/Stairs/Restrooms $ 443,500
Fiood Control Maintenance Building $ 883,250
Elm St. — Existing Building Core & Shell $ 2,592,000
Sub Total $ 5,478,750
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East Blum — Site Features $ 1 ,406,500
East Blum — Building Features $ 832,000
Sycamore Triangle $ 415,000
West Blum — Site Features $ 1 ,657,750
West Blum — Building Features $ 5,478,750
Today's Construction Cost Total $9,790,000
Contingency 20% $1 ,958,000
Total Construction Cost w/Contingency $11 ,748,000
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Total Construction Cost w/ Contingency $ 11 ,748,000
Grant Eligible Project Features - $ 1 ,296,000
Sponsorship/Donations - $ 1 ,250,000
Sub Total $ 9,202,000
Programmed Bee Branch Funding - $ 3,920,000
Needed Funding $ 5,282,000
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REACTIVE SYSTEMS AND REACTIVE PROACTIVE EQUITABLE COMMUNITY OF
PROGRAMMING - CHOICE PROGRAMMING
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Movin Forward
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Right Direction ?
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Movin Forward
9►
Budget?
• Time to Plan
FY24 = $220,000 for Preliminary Design
FY28 = $3,700,000 in stormwater funds
• Strategically phased construction
• Separate project into grant eligible parts
• Seek private donations to support the community
aspects af the project.
Movin Forward
9►
• Timeline?
• Next Steps?
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CREATING AN EQUITABLE
COMMUNITY OF CHOICE