Architect/Hist Survey Phase IIIMEMORANDUM
May 13, 2003
TO:The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM:Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager
SUBJECT:Draft Report for Phase III of Architectural/Historic Survey
Planning Services Manager Laura Carstens is transmitting the draft report for the
Architectural/Historic Survey Phase III, which is an in-depth survey of Dubuque's oldest
commemial, residential and industrial neighborhoods in and around the central business
district. Phase III is to be completed in June 2003.
In accordance with the state grant agreement for Phase III, we are to seek comments
on the draft report from the City Council, Historic Preservation Commission, city
departments and other preservation groups in the community.
I respectfully request that the Mayor and City Council review and comment on the draft
report, receive and file any comments from the Historic Preservation Commission and
the public, and transmit the comments to the State Historic Preservation Office.
Michael C. Van Milligen
MCVM/jh
Attachment
cc: Barry Lindahl, Corporation Counsel
Cindy Steinhauser, Assistant City Manager
Laura Carstens, Planning Services Manager
MEMORANDUM
May 9, 2003
TO:Michael Van Milligen, City Manager
FROM:Laura Carstens, Planning Services Manager
RE:Draft Report for Phase III of Architectural/Historic Survey
Enclosed for the City Council's review and comment is the draft report for Phase III of
the architectural/historic survey of the community. Consultant Jim Jacobsen will present
the draft report at the Historic Preservation Commission's May 15 meeting, which will be
held at 5:00 p.m. in the Five Flags Theater, 401 Main Street.
The Phase III project involves an in-depth survey of Dubuque's oldest commercial,
residential and industrial neighborhoods in and around the central business district.
Phase III is to be completed in June, 2003. After approval by the State Historic
Preservation Office, the City will receive a copy of the final report.
In accordance with the state grant agreement for Phase III, we are to seek comments
on the draft report from the City Council, Historic Preservation Commission, City
departments and other preservation groups in the community.
Copies of the draft report have been distributed to the City's Economic Development
Department and Housing and Community Development Department, the Dubuque
County Historical Society, and the Center for Dubuque History. Their comments are due
by the Historic Preservation Commission's May 15 meeting.
The City Council will receive the draft report at their May 19 meeting, along with any
comments that the Historic Preservation Commission receives at their meeting, or has
from the Commission itself.
The requested action is for the City Council to review and comment on the draft report,
to receive and file any comments from the Commission or the public, and then to
transmit these comments to the State Historic Preservation Office.
Enclosure
Phase III Architectural and
Historical Survey Report
Downtown Dubuque
James E. Jacobsen
Molly Myers Naumann
Draft
May 5, 2003
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Credits and Acknowledgements:
This project has been funded with the assistance of a matching grant-in-aid from the State Historical
Society of Iowa, Community Programs Bureau, through the Deparmaent of the Interior, National Park
Service, under provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966; the opinions expressed
herein are not necessarily those of the Department of the Interior.
This project received Federal funds from the National Park Service. Regulations of the U.S.
Department of the Interior strictly prohibit unlawftfl discrimination in Federally Assisted Programs on
the basis of race, color, national origin, age or handicap. Any person who believes he or she has been
discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of federal assistance
should write m: Director, Equal Opportunity Program, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park
Service, 1849 C Street NW, D.C. 20240
2
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Table of Contents:
Introduction: ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Developmental History of the Dubuque Downtown: ............................................................................... 4
Commercial Styles over Time: .............................................................................................................. 91
Commercial Typology: ........................................................................................................................... 95
Commercial Types: .................................................................................................................. 95
Commercial Style: ............................................................................................................... 1033
Registration Requirements: Individual Commercial Property Type: ...........
Registration Requirements: Individual Industrial Property Type: .................
Registration Requirements: Residential, Commercial, Industrial District
Property Type: ..........................................................................................................................
Methodology: ........................................................................................................................................ 1_3 0
Report Recommendations: ................................................................................................. ~331
Bibliography: ........................................................................................................................................ 1331
Append/x: ............................................................................................................................................. 132
3
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Introduction:
The commemial and industrial downtown area is the principal subject of this architectural and historical
survey and study. A substantial mixed residential and institutional/commercial area, located between the
downtown (and east of it) between 11th, 18th and Elm streets, is also included in this third survey phase. That
area will be separately summarized in this report.
The background history of Dubuque as a whole and the Downtown in particular, was summarized in the
multiple property documentation form titled Dubuque~The Key City: The Amhkectural And Historical
Resoumes of Dubuque, Iowa, 1837-1955, (Jacobsen, 2002). This report is designed to serve as an appendix of
that broader summary document and consequently, the historical information in that study will not be repeated
in this one. The commercial property typology will be included and refined during the course of this study and a
third edition of the multiple property document will be prepared.1
Developmental History of the Dubuque Downtown:
This section of the report will trace the physical development of the commercial downtown over.its
history, and will identify the causal influences which drove, retarded or Otherwise influenced that development.
The realties and influences of the physical features of the downtown setting will be considered as well.
Commercial and industrial contexts will be defined and developed, augmenting those defined in the
multiple property document. Surviving properties that are associated with those contexts will be identified, and
National Register eligible properties will be identified.
The historical pattern and layout of Dubuque's downtown remains readily apparent today. Four main
streets, rmming southwest to the northeast, dominate the plat. The terrace or plateau that comprises the
downtown is pushed eastward by intervening bluffs, stopping Locust, never a commemial street, at 10m,
terminating Main Street at 17th, and foming Center Street to jog eastward at 18a~ Street. From west to east, Main
and Iowa streets were the commercial/retail streets. Iowa south of 8th was ajobbing mid warehousing venue.
Clay (now Central) was the location for the earliest hotels, public and institutional buildings (city hall, the
courthouse, schools, markets), and residences, the latter increasingly predominating as one ventured north.
White, Jackson and Washington streets were industrial below 11as Street, and residential north of that line.
There were two industrial concentrations which survive today, the principal one bounded by 6m Street, 10t~
Street, Highway 61, and Jackson Street, and a lesser one bounded by Maple, 18th, Washington and 15m streets.
The first downtown actually directly influenced the first city plat. There was a 64-feet long row of
stores and the row fronting it was 64 feet distant. The resulting lots measured a convenient 64 feet so as to not
disturb these pm-existing buildings and the resulting blocks containing four such lots on a front, measured 256
feet in length (Horton, pp. 15-16).
~ A multiple property document form is a standard report format that summarizes significant historical contexts (themes)
and identifies types of properties which illustrate those themes. This broader report in this instance ~-eats the whole of the
City of Dubuque. The purpose of the surranary document is to make it easier to evaluate and nominate significant
properties to the National Register of Historic Places. Once a property can be Iinked to an identified and completed
historical context, and identified as being a defmed property type, meeting the registration requirements of the type
(physical integrity) then the nomination process is made much easier.
4
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Phase 3 Topo Map
Legend
........ Streets
Figure: Survey area topographical map (two-feet contours)
This topographical map illustrates the narrowness of the terrace upon which the downtown developed.
Simply put, the closer the contour lines are, the steeper the level of the land. This is particularly apparent
towards the south end of the survey.
Fifth Street was the northern boundary of Dubuque in general as of 1836. The town plat consisted of
four principal and seven cross streets (1st to 7th, Locust to Clay streets). One building headcount that year tallied
three churches, 50 stores, 55 dwellings, and one river warehouse
The town ofDu Buque is...built on a level prairie, which rises about fifteen
feet above high-water mark, and it from a half-mile to a mile in width, from the
river to the bluff, and about two miles in length. There are already surveyed,
thirty-five blocks, which are sub-divided into two hundred and eighty town lots,
all of which are occupied by houses and gardens. The village comains about
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
two hundred and fifty buildings of different descriptions; among which are
fifteen dry goods stores...
Dubuque Visitor, May 11, 1836
This was very remarkable growth, given that legal settlement in the area dated from 1833. Early growth was
first challenged by the national 1837 financial panic or crash. The single local bank never suspended specie
trade, but did being the issuance of paper script or post notes. The impact of the panic continued to be felt into
the early 1840s. In 1840 the Iowa News briefly ceased publication and the local sawmill dissolved in May. Two
all-stone buildings went up in early 1837 and the downtown included a bank (the only one west of the
Mississippi River it was claimed), 30 stores, a lyceum, two academies, a reading room, printing office, coffee
house, several billiard rooms and the first elegant mansions. The first brick houses, three in number, were built
in 1837-38 (1880 History, pp. 518-22; Oldt, pp. 51-52, 55, 59-69).
Figure: 1846 lithograph of Dubuque (J. W. Wild, Center for Dubuque History)
(the numbers denote 1, the cathedral, 2 the Julian Hotel, 3, xxx and 4, xxx church)
The first downtown clustered along Main between 1st and 3ra streets as of 1840. Jesse Farley's brick
store was the only exception among the frame buildings. The latter were gable front designs, 'khe reverse of
ornament architecturally speaking." The 300-odd residences also "possessed little in that respect" and were
largely confined to the area between the bluffs and Iowa, apparently staying well west of the lower area closer to
the wetlands and river. The homes were of log or frame construction save for just three bricks, all laid up in
1837-38~ The northward march of the recognized business district began during the summer of 1846 when
Lucius H. and Edward Langworthy raised up a brick block On Main between 5~ and 6th streets. "The location
may have been regarded as distant from the center of trade at the time, but their judgement [sic] has been
approved for many years" (1880 history, pp. 522-23,525; Oldt, p. 148).2
The first public market houses were established by an 1842 municipal ordinance. The first actual
market house was built on 5th between Main and Locust. By 1854 it was replaced by two full blocks, 5t~
between Main and Bluff streets, and Locust between 4t~ & 6th streets. An unofficial grain market occupied 1st
Street between Main and Locust streets and it was officially sanctioned in 1860, being moved to Main between
I st and Jones streets. Similarly, an unofficial hay market was in operation on 14t~ Street and in 1854, it was
regulated to 6th, between Iowa and Clay streets, and a year later, to Clay, between 7t~ and 8th streets. The meat
market disappeared by the middle i850s. A series of Ward market areas were established in 1856. Most
notable was the Fourth Ward or Central Market, Clay between 12t~ and 13th streets, represented by the present
day City Hall, which had its origin as a combination public market, municipal building and public hall. These
markets died off in the 1880s, failing victim to the competition of private stores (Lyon, p. 286).
The three brick residences were at Iowa and 17t~ (Leroy Jackson, extant 1880), southeast comer Iowa and 12t~ (James
Langworthy), "torn away years ago", and the northeast comer White and 14t~ (Edward Langwotthy, extant 1880).
'6
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Lucius H. and Edward Langworthy can be credited with beginning the northward expansion of the
business district. In the summer of 1846 they build a business block on Main between 5th and 6t]a streets. The
1880 county history recalled "The location may have been regarded as distant from the center of trade at the
time, but their judgment has been approved for many years" (1880 history, p. 515).
By 1848, the town's residential area was defined on its northern end by 13th Street. The northern
reaches of Main Street were land marked by Pat Norton's row or rookery, a frame tenement block. Well to the
north, the Couler Valley could already boast its f'n:st brewery and Charles Rose was operating the One Mile
House, a tavern, so there were scattered buildings well north of the downtown (1880 history, pp. 526-27).
The 1849 business house tally was 22 stores, five blacksmith shops, three cooperages, three carriage and
wagon makers, two gunsmiths and two liveries. The economic shadows of the 1837 financial panic still
lingered. The town's prospects were described as being "flat, stale and unprofitable." Things had worsened
during the late 1840s. It was then noted "with them [the late 1840s] once more departed the prosperity which
had for several years previous coquetted in Dubuque." Even lead mining was reduced to intermirtem bursts of
endeavor and success. There would be no substantial success with lead digging until 1855. A major cause for
this economic faltering was the cessation of emigration. Area farmlands actually diminished, particularly as
farmers decided that the gold fields held out more promise than did their already planted crops. "Property in the
city became marketable and residents wore an aspect of gloom and disappointment, for the times were hard
and money scarce, and little remained to encourage the hope which theretofore been indulged, that the
probationary period of the city's existence had passed (Childs, pp. 88-89; 1880 history, pp. 527-28).
A year later, 1850, "dullness reigned supreme" and there had been "no building of consequence in
years." The gold fever had spent its force by year's end however, and in early 1851 the city was awarded the
federal land office. Emigration resumed, disappointed gold aspirants returned and things began to look up for
the town. As a comparative baseline, the tally for all new buildings in 1850 was just 50. This figured doubled
in 1852, by which time the first major street grading effort was underway (ibid., p. 528; Childs, pp. 92, 108).
The fncst hard surfaced (Macadamized) street paving was laid in 1853, Main Street, between 5th and 6th.
Half of the cost was borne by the city. During the next two years, Main between ts~ and 8t~ streets, and the vital
8th StreeffJulien Avenue were paved. The first municipal Board of Trade was formed September 28, 1854.
New buildings of 1854 included a new hotel, bank and several business blocks. New residences in-filled
previously vacant blocks (Childs, pp. 121,123; Lyon, p. 102; 1880 history, p. 530).
The Dubuque business census of i855 is both large and diverse. The mix is reflective ora growmg
urban center that was providing both basic services and fancy goods and entertainment:
Dry Goods f'n-ms 41 Jewelry/watches 9 Iron stores 2
Grocers 32 Banks 4 Hardware/cutlery 7
Drug stores 8 Hotels 12 Stove/tin stores 10
Crockery/glass 2 Boarding Houses 48 Liquor store t
Clothing stores 18 Printing 6 Saddle/harness 4
Boots and Shoes Books/stationery 4 Wagon Makers 12
stores 12 Book Binding 2 Plow makers 2
shops 16 Insurance 12 Paint shops 6
Fruit/confections 10 Millinery/dressmaker 14 Tin shops 8
Furniture 8 Tailor 21 Flour mills 2
Barbers 7 Bakeries 8 Saw' mills 3
Tobacco/Cigars 7 Beer houses 13 Iron foundries 2
Drinking saloons 10 Liveries 9 Brass foundries 1
Billiard saloons 5 Dentists 2 Sash/blind/doors 4
Eating saloons 6 Daguerrean Studios 2 Planing mills 4
Ball Alleys 3 Auction houses 8 Lath mill I
7
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Toys/Fancy Goods 6 Seed/Agriculture 2 Breweries 5
Stage Barn 2 Lumber yards 5 Marble yards 4
Stone yards 3 Stage offices 2 Land offices I
Land agencies 24 La~v offices 28 Medical offices 16
Cooper shops 5 Smelting furnaces 2 Pork packers 2
Blacksmiths 2I Gunsmiths 2 Locksmiths 2
Finally add to this impressive list two fire companies, a gas works, a vineyard, post office and a telegraph office,
and one gets a comprehensive sense of the commercial and industrial sectors of the city (Herald, December I,
1856).
This first explosion of downtown growth was anticipating the arrival of the railroad. The 1855
approach of the Illinois Central
...gave a new impetus to business and stimulated enterprise. Real estate once more ascended
the plane of value; lots in the suburbs were sold at so much per front foot, and property in the
business portion of the city could scarcely be obtained at any price.
German emigration began and the Couler Valley area was substantially developed. Agricultural prices were
unprecedented.
These were the prosperous days ora golden age for Dubuque. The best times of record, or
within the memory of the proverbial oldest inhabitants, occurred between 1853 and 1858.
By year's end (1855), the railroad ~vas delivering half of all merchandise to the city and "the greater portion of
the emigration and travel from the east." As a result Dubuque could boast that it had "by far out-stripped any
other city or town in Iowa, in point of business, population or commerce. By the end of 1857, the importance of
rail shipments was even greater, as upriver heavy freight was by then being unloaded from steamboats at Cairo,
Illinois, from ~vhich point it completed its northward journey via the Illinois Central Raikoad, and Dubuque was
the transportation depot for everything that was entering the vast region to the north and northwest. The river
remained vital and enabled Dubuque "command, in a great measure, the trade of Minnesota territory." The
railroad enabled Dubuque to finally compete with Galena, the historical market center of the region (ibid.;
Tribune, January 5, 1858; 1880 history, p. 530).
The emergence of a brick business district dates to the middle-1850s. The year 1855 was one of
"unprecedented prosperity" and three local brickyards made possible a more permanent commemial
architecture. Frame storefronts were sent tmnbling northward, clogging the streets, to make way for the new
blocks which began to arise in 1855-56. The Herald boasted that "the number of brick blocks to be built this
season [ 1856] is three times greater than in any former year." The downtown contained a dozen hotels, six of
the first class, and 48 boarding houses. Do~vntown growth was further propelled, during 1856, by the linkage of
the inner slough and the lower levee. During 1855 several substantial wholesale business blocks were built
along Iowa Street, the beginning of a wholesale trade sector and one that would set the commercial tone of
lower Iowa Street (Commercial Report---1854 & 1855, pp. 7, 9, 14; Republican, September 1, 1856; Herald,
December 20, 1855; May 21, 1856).
...The rapid increase of the population of Dubuque, and the great increase in
the Commercial and Mechanical departments, renders it actually necessary for
our men of capital to turn their attention to the building interests of our city, so
as to be able to have stores and dwelling houses to supply the demands, which
are daily made. We venture to assert that Dubuque will double her present
population in the next two years, if we can have places for the accommodation
of the new comers who are daily pouring into our city.
Republican, February 28, 1856
Dowautown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
One major "might have been" in Dubuque's downtown development was the hoped for extension of the
city center eastward to the Mississippi River. The Herald predicted "the lots on these improvements must and
will be very valuable as the heavy commercial business of Dubuque must and will be done on the main channel
of the river." Tkree separate harbor improvement syndicates were established during the mid-1850s. The
northernmost, the Dubuque Harbor Improvement Company, actually produced a plat in early 1858 of its
promised raised real estate, a plan that included public and market squares. It also secured the landmark shot
tower, designed in an obelisk form, as a riverfront monument and landmark for the promotion of its long-term
scheme. In the end, the development companies produced two riverfront clusters of warehouses and filled
considerable slough acreage along their respective street extensions. The greatest legacy was the churning out
of paper script and they largely fell victim to the financial panic of 1857. The land that they began to make
usable later supported lumberyards and factories (Jacobsen, George W. Rogers Company Shot Tower, p. 34;
Herald, December 1, 1856).
Another downtown paving project, Main Street, between 8t~ and 14t~ streets, using crushed blue
limestone, and was completed in 1856 and reflected the inevitable northward gravitation of the commercial
center. An 1853 fire prompted the authorization of fire fighting companies on July 17, 1854. Three volunteer
companies formed between 1854 and 1857. A disastrous fire on May 27, i859 destroyed a four-store block that
housed the theater, Post Office and the Odd Fellows Hall. This setback followed by four months the
organization of the first voluntary fire company. No fire figttting technology of the time could have
extinguished a blaze of that magnitude, but fire resistant construction would have helped. Still it wasn't until
1869 that a downtown fire district, mandating stone or brick construction, was established (Horton, 35-36;
VfeeMy Express and Herald, November 27, 1856; Oldt, p. 127).
Figure: 1858 overview (Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion, October 24, 1858)
The original city boundaries included 164 acres, and that area ranged from just below Dodge Street on
the south to just above 17t~ Street to the north. The bluffs to the west formed the western boundary. In 1847 the
city was extended to the northeast, but it wasn't until 1853 that a substantial expansion occurred, increasing the
municipal acreage to 7,000 acres, and extending the city east to the Mississippi River (Childs, pp. 109-10).
Downtovm Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
"CORNER OF THE TOWN." The locality of this point has been somewhat
changed since 1837 by the extension of the city property, as well as of its
corporate limits. Since the date named the comer of the town has been moved
some two miles up the river. The Iowa News of June 3d, 1837 locates it by
reference to a notice of the first steam saw-mill in Dubuque thus: Messrs.
Engle, Booth & Co. are now erecting a large steam saw-mill in a comer of the
town near the river.
This was at the foot of Sixth Street. The area now included within the present
limits of the city is, we believe, about twice that of the city of Boston.
Republican, August 24, 1857
Central to the expansion of the Dubuque downtown was the emergence of an impressive wholesale
trade. This development reflected the city's newly acquired role as a forwarding and commissioning base,
integral to the settlement of the Upper Mississippi River Valley. Much of this market growth was likely up-
river rather than inland. The following account appears to support that fact, given the hint that inland memhants
could also avail themselves of wholesale services in the city:
WHOLESALE MERCHANTS .--We have now in Dubuque wholesale mercantile houses in
every department of trade that is required by country merchants, and we cannot in justice to the
enterprising men who have so successfully established such business houses, and to our country
readers, neglect to assure all country merchants living within the range of Dubuque trade, that
this city now offers them advantages in replenishing their stock equal to Chicago, St. Louis, or,
indeed, any other city. This is especially true of the articles required in a country trade,
considering also the time and expense of going farther east or south to make purchases
(Republican, August 10, 1857).
By mid-1858, the Herald reported that both country merchants and Dubuque retailers were beginning to
recognize the cost savings of using local wholesalers. Dubuque was "a great depot of merchandise." As the
spring 1856 building season opened, the same source predicted a doubling of new construction over 1855,
noting "The rapid increase of the population of Dubuque, and the great increase in the Commercial and
Mechanical departments, renders it actually necessary for our men of capital to turn their attention to the
building interests of our city, so as to be able to have the stores and dwelling houses to supply the demands,
which are daily maid. We venture to assert that Dubuque will double her present population in the r~ext two
years, if we can have places for the accommodation of the new comers who are daily pouring into our city." In
early 1863, the Herald recounted how "a leading merchant of an interior town" who was en route for Chicago to
buy goods had found a Dubuque firm with better wholesale prices than could be had in Chicago. The
newspaper took the opportunity to cajole merchants to offer similar pricing advantages and to advertise (in the
Herald) then "the trade of the interior could rapidly be concentrated at Dubuque (Herald, February 28, 1856;
May 5, 1858; April 16, i863)."
Dubuque was once a town ora large retail business, but since the raikoad has
been extended on west of that place, the business of the cityhas been much
changed, and now wholesaleing constitutes no inconsiderable part of the
business will increase as capital accumulates, and ere many years, Dubuque
will become what Chicago now is.
Times (copying West Union Era) May 24, 1863
10
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Figure: Main Street, view south from 4 Street (Ballou)
The country trade reached the city via Julien Avenue/8~ Street, and that cross street emerged by 1855 as
a key and distinct commerCial node. Its commercial importance was noted as early as 1840, at which time the
street was straightened. Like all uphill roads in the city, Julien turned into a spillway when heavy rains fell.
Begiuning in i838, these floodwaters, coming down Julien, devastated the properties to the south along Locust
Street. The Herald observed in late 1855 "There has been a very marked change in the business appearance of
the Avenue this year and a year ago not a single store of any kind--not even a meat stall was found upon it.
Now there are no less than 12 stores of all kinds..." Seven new stores were then under construction. Stores
ranged up to the top of the hill to the west. In response to this growth, the massive Lorimer Hotel was built on
the northwest comer of Bluffand 8th, and before long, a solid army of storefronts lined 8t~, west of Main Street.
(Iowa News, May 29, 1841; Herald, December 13, 1855).
JULIEN AVENUE. This is one of the most important streets in the city. It is really astonishing
to see the numerous improvements that are being made within a very short time. It is through
this great thoroughfare that farmers west of us f'md their way to our market with their grain and
produce. It is one continued scene of business and activity, from early mom till night. Large
emigrant trains are constantly moving to the beautiful and splendid country west of us, tlxrough
this great channel. Many stores and public buildings have been erected within the year past, and
three times the number are already in process of erection. Peter Lorimer, Esq. of this city, an
old and much respected citizen and a gentleman of abundant means, is building seven stories,
the foundations of which are laid; also a very large hotel commenced, which when completed,
will be second to none in the great west. Then there is the Odd Fellows Hall, near the comer of
Locust street which will be a significant structure of the most imposing architectural design
when finished...
Republican, July 19, 1856
11
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Figure: Main Street, 1858,
Street (Ballou)
Reflective of the northward impulse of the larger city was the provision of a combination city hall and
market hall "in the very center of the city" below 13th, between Clay and Main streets. Another critical decision
had greater bearing on the downtown proper, that being where to put the town clock? The Herald derided those
who favored placing on the Lorimer Hotel, advising that the clock needed a loud enough clapper to be heard
"all over town," a feature that wouldn't be well received by sleepless hotel inmates. It recommended the tower
of the new Congregational Church, which "was in a central position...near the new Post Office." The Times
favored the Lorimer site and its owner's magnanimous offer, "inasmuch as the location is the most central and
the best site spoken of." Another northward progression, was the series of three successive German social hall
nd rd
buildings. The first Germania Hall went up on Main between 2 and 3 streets in the 1850s. The second one
...Main Street is the principal business street. Dry goods, groceries, bankers,
&c., is about one and a half miles long, and were it not for its new appearance,
you would think, when it is lit with gas, that you were in some old city...
A St. Louis Opinion of Dubuque, Times, September 4, 1857
was at Clay and 12th, the last at Main and 9t~ streets. The Herald noted the disappearance of the wooden stores
on Main Street. "One by one these old relics of the early settles will be removed and the improvements will in a
few years scarcely leave a trace of the early architecture of Dubuque" (Herald, April 1, 1856; February 11,
1857; September 25, 1857; Times, September 4, 1857; Hawgood, pp. 22-39).
In late 1857 the citizens took up the matter of erecting a town clock that would be visible and audible
throughout the main part of the city. The location would symbolize the social center of the developing
downtown. Early on, the massive Lorimer Hotel, at Julien and Bluff, at the foot of the western bluffs was a
strongly supported location. The Republican recommended that a clock mad bell on the hotel might be deemed a
nuisance to the hotel's patrons. The newspaper suggested that the Congregational Chumh, being built at Locust
and West 10t~ Street, would be the ideal site, given the provision of a four-faced square tower by its architect.
This would have located it close to the post office. In the end the clock went up on Main Street, just north of 8m
Street (Herald, September 5, 1857).
The years 1856-57 were years of record new construction. Recalling the 50 buildings raised up in 1850,
the total for 1856 was 502, and that of 1857 was 378. These numbers naturally enumerated virtually every new
outbuilding, but buried within these counts were very substantial and architecturally important buildings.
Increasingly, brick was dominant in commercial construction, and played an important role in residential
12
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
buildings. The building lists (see list, below) document the claim that these were the golden years of Dubuque's
early development. The Republican enjoyed the envious "assertive squibs" of nearby city editors, jealousy
"called forth by no higher motive than envy, reminds us of the fact that there are some buildings in Dubuque of
which any Western city might welt be proud." New buildings included three massive new brick schools, a
central market building, a massive Odd Fellows Hall, three new chumhes, and three new hotels, all total over a
million in expenditures, according to the newspaper. Also worth noting were the substantial municipal
improvements which were required. Ten miles of sidewalk, and eight of curbing, were credited to 1857 alone
(Oldt, p. 123; Republican, September 5, 1857).
Main Street Improvements: - In the course of a few weeks this street will
present as f'me an appearance as any street in the most flourishing cities of the
East, so far as the streets and pavements are taken into consideration, and in
many respects in the way of handsome private residences, public Hotels and
wholesale and retail business houses. By the close of the Fall season a number
of other hnprovements will be completed, which wilt greatly add to its present
beauty.
Buildings on this street have been erected as if by magic what was a vacant
lot but yesterday, is to-day ornamented with a brick or stone edifice. Old
shanties have been pulled down and new houses substituted in their stead;
showing conclusively that our capitalistic and business men have awakened
from their Rip Van Winkle slumber and discarded their old dog~na notions of
getting rich upon the forty per cent rule--they have entered upon a new life
refreshed with the progressive spirit of Young America, which of late has taken
hold of them - a change has come over the spirit of their old foggy dreams, and
with a hop, skip, and a jump they have left their old forty per cent associates to
gaze upon their money safes and gloat over their riches, while they ride on in
the great progressive car - adding new life and vigor to the Key City of the
Valley of the great Mississippi River. Main street, which extended only to the
irmer Slouth is now carried out to the main eharmel, new lots in that vicinity are
being formed, and the waters of the Slough in the range of the street are rapidly
disappearing through the influences of the industrious cartmen who are hourly
dumping their loads of dirt into the Slough, which they bring from the high and
lofty Bluffs standing leeward in such bold relief west of the river. Travelers
who have returned to our city after an absence of two years look with
astonishment at the great improvements which have been made upon this street,
to say nothing of other parts of the city which have undergone as great a change
as Main street. That strangers should be struck with the improvement which
Dubuque has sustained is not to be wondered at when we take into consider-
ation that this is the great centre of trade for the vast extent of country
extending west and north as far as civilization extends
Republican, September 1, 1856.
During 1857, the tide of emigration that Dubuque had long depended upon, largely dried up, as the Iowa
railroad land grants briefly withdrew that state's lands from public sale. The year was otherwise a disaster for
the city and its developing downtown, as the following summary account describes:
In a business, as well as in a political point of view, the year 1857 bas been a remarkable one.
Many circumstances apparently conspired to embarrass and retard the progress and trade of our
city during the entire year. In the first place the months of January, February, March and a
portion of April, were a season of unexampled cold. The severity of the weather during this
period will long be remembered. So terrible it was, that it retarded and almost totally destroyed
the usual winter lrade of the country north, west and south of this city, which is tributary to
Dubuque. Scarcely was this long and dreary winter fairly over, and the busy season of seed
13
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
time and harvest passed, when the money crisis, which has convulsed the whole nation, came
upon us. The effect of that calamity upon the trade of our city is yet too palpable and too
severely felt to require description. But it is no exaggeration to say that from the two causes
which we have mentioned, alone, the trade and progress of Dubuque has been retarded at least
50 per cent.
The shadow of the financial panic of 1857, which struck city and nation in mid-August as this account notes,
would linger into the late I870s. The 1860 total assessment, real and personal, was just 54 percent of the pre-
panic total. Aslateas 1879, thetotalvalueofDubuquepropertywasstillbelowthatof1857! Thepanic
devastated many Dubuquers financially, there were many business failures and many important projects, not the
least of which was the broad scale eastward expansion or relocation of the downtown, were defeated. Still,
unlike many cities, Dubuque continued to build and grow at an impressive scale (Tribune, January 5, 1858; i880
history, p. 534; Oldt, p. 123).
Figure: W. J. Gilbert Lithograph, 1860
W. J. Gilbert ran a local bookstore and had the above drawing prepared by artist H. W. Petit. Gilbert
first displayed the actual pencil drawing in his shop, to promote orders and to encourage businesses and
community leaders to pay extra to add their properties around the margin of the finished lithograph (the
architectural section of this report contains the business home images). The finished copies were sold for a
dollar. The image nicely depicts how both the downtown and residential city were closely clustered. The Jones
Street or lower levee is at far left. The river proper is well east of the city, the intervening area being in filled by
sloughs and channels (Herald, March 16, 23, 1860).
The downtown 100 percent location, that is to say the location of the most expensive downtown parcels,
is always marked by where the banking houses cluster.
HOW THE GLORY OF 1857 HAS DEPARTED--In passing around town and
seeing now and then an empty building, once filled with goods, or occupied
four or five years ago by some man who ran his pecuniary race of folly or
extravagance, we are reminded of the contrast between the flush times of 1856-
7 and the dullness of 1861-2. A true history of some of the :concerns, that
have wound themselves up here, would convey a very instructive lesson on
prudence and economy. Dubuque is not alone among the cities of Iowa in a
sort of general bankruptcy. Indeed, it is better offthan any of her sister river
cities...
Herald, August 10, 1861
A major improvement for the city and particularly the downtown, was the southward extension of
Southern Avenue, over Cavanangh Hill, in 1861. It was rated "one of the best improvements" for several years
and fostered rural trade from that direction. One substantial municipal service that was lacking was a municipal
14
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
gas or waterworks. As late as 1861 it was reported that just a dozen homes in the city had indoor water,
presumably pumped directly from basement cisterns (Oldt, pp. 138, 140).
As of 1862, the downtown was firmly ensconced along Main between 1~ and 9th streets, the highest
commercial address listed being 231 Main (the streets were roughly numbered in 25-count sequences (see
Figure** below). Indicative of the outer reaches of this end of Main, the "Uptown Drug Store" was at 172
Main. Three hotels, the Julien (2nd), Key City (3~) and Peosta (4~) were centered within the downtown.
Exceptions were the massive Lorimer Hotel, at Bluff, and 5th, the Graffort Hotel, 2na and Bluff, and the Iowa
Hotel, at 8th and Iowa streets. Outside of the downtown, there were two meat markets along Locust,, between 4~
and 5t~. There was a homeopathic drugstore at 7~ and Locust. There were three liveries, all off of Main, on 4~
west of Main, on Iowa between 4th and 5% and at Iowa and 9th. There was a restaurant on 7~ between Main and
Iowa, another at Clay and 9% and two groceries on Clay north of 7t~ and White, north of 6th. Serving the then
north end of town, there were two developing commercial clusters, Main between I 0th and 12th and the northern
end of Clay. Along the former there were three boots and shoes makers, four dressmakers, four sewing machine
dealers, a sack manufacturer and two architecffbuitders, J. F. Rague and William Rebman. On Clay, there were
three scattered frans, Henry Ziepprecht's drugstore on the west side of Clay above 13t~, a grocery on Clay
between 14~h and 15t~ and a billiard saloon on the comer of Clay and 14th streets. The northernmost businesses
on Clay and Main represented the earliest northward migration~of non-residential land uses. The Main Street
numbering started northward from First Street and nothing of consequence was listed south of First. Landmark
blocks that were listed included Malony's Block, ant 3rd and Main, the Globe Building, at 5~ and Main, and the
Sanford Block, which, at 8~ and Main marked the north end of the downtown proper. Attorneys were all north
of 5th and Main, as were the banks, two of which were at Main and 6~ (the State Bank of Iowa was between 3ra
and 4th). The post office was at 7~ and Main. Curiously most groceries were located along the west side of
Main. Boarding houses were all on Main south of 3~d (Daily Times, January 3, 1862).
The filling of Jones Street, between Main Street and the lower levee, was undertaken in mid-1863. This
massive effort was the beginning of a larger filling process that allowed the downtown to expand to the south
and east. Clay Street was finally hard surfaced that same year (Herald, April 22, May 8, 1863).
One of the findings of the multiple property study was that Dubuque's economy suffered from an under-
developed retail sector. The principal cause for this was the city's geographical isolation to the west, and the
delay in obtaining bridge connections to the east across the Mississippi River. Some retail growth was enjoyed
during the late 1850s when the wholesale trade had similarly increased. Bad roads and "some other
circumstances" (that is the Panic of 1857-58) were blamed on blocking Jackson County trade to the south "for
several years" as of earty 1861. It was reported that one merchant from Maquoketa had returned to the city for
the first time in four years. The HeraM urged that good roads were needed "that trade may be invited here as
was the case a few years ago when thee prosperity of Dubuque was so rapidly increased by means of trade from
the country." The war and the development of competing local urban centers upstream and inland from
Dubuque, weakened the retail sector, as the following account from the West Union Era indicates:
Dubuque was once a town of large retail business, but since the railroad has been extended on
west of that place, the business of the city has much changed, and now wholesaleing constitutes
no inconsiderable part of the business done at that place. This business will increase as capital
accumulates, and ore many years Dubuque will become what Chicago now is (Era copied in the
Times, May 24, 1863).
The Herald recounted a story of"a leading merchant of an interior town" who, having missed his train
for Chicago, had an opportunity to learn that he could completely fill his stock needs at lower prices in
Dubuque than in the East. The newspaper enjoined other merchants to structure their prices so as to
capture similar trade. As late as the fall of 1865, it was generally acknowledged that "tbe real furore
prosperity of Dubuque lies in the wholesale trade" (Herald, April 4, 1861, April 16, 1863; Oldt, p. 157).
15
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Fi ure: 1865 downtown business guide (Annual Directory, 1865)
(the southern half of the downtown appears in the right-half of the image)
The downtown of 1865 was fairly decentralized in its arrangement of businesses, yet patterns were
already in place. The I00 percent comer was likely at 6th and Main where two of three banks clustered. The
larger dry goods firms and grocery houses were north of 5th Street, while hardware, agricultural implements,
liquor dealers, and leather goods tended to be below 5t~, Below 2nd most of the addresses are shown as empW,
perhaps those businesses failed to pay their advertising subscription for the directory? Hotels and liveries were
off of Main, and the main railroad depot was at the foot of Main Street. Fifty gas street lights were approved for
Main Street in December 1865. The first street light, fueled by coal-generated gas, was lit on January 19, 1865
(Oldt, pp. 155, I59).
Gas from coal was first produced in Dubuque on January 19, 1865 and by year's end, the city boasted
50 gas streetlights, 23 of which were distributed along Main Street. During 1866 "immense improvements"
were made on sewers and streets but there was still no municipal water service. A massive water source was
provided in 1864 when a spring was opened on Kaufman Street. A 20-year franchise for the Dubuque Water
16
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Company was approved in 1870 and principal mains were laid along alleyways the next year (Oldt, pp. 155,
159).
Saloons.--Maln street will soon be lined with saloons from one end to the
other. Two more are about being opened, one next door to Greenwald's, and
another where Raymond Bros., formerly held forth. The latter, we learn will be
a saloon and restaurant.
Herald, September 29, 1868
The first horse-drawn streetcar service began in 1867 and the operators were content to link the Jones
Street levee ferry with the Couler Valley and the county fairgrounds to the north, the intervening lines running
the length of the downtown. The lines ran along Main Street up to 13m, then Cla,v to 18m, a pattern that persisted
until the abandonment of the tracks. The car service became "useful and ornamental" only in 1872 when Julius
Graves and J. A. Rhomberg acquired the company (Oldt, p. 173; Lyon, pp. 202-03; 474-76).
West Eighth/Julien Avenue, viewed west from Locust Street, c. 1905
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo FBL #3805)
Lorimer House is the tall building in the distant center.
Eight/Julien was joined by 14th Street, as another key westward trade link, when the latter street was
opened to Bluff in 1870· Third Street was finally guttered and graded in late 1868, a reflection of development
on that key cross street. Mayor Sol Turek was lauded for his ability to cut through "the red tape of committees"
to get the work done. Within months newspapers were attacking the mayor for a growing mtmicipal debt
(Herald, October 24, 1868).
The 1868 commercial firm headconnt found 17 dry goods firms, 26 groceries, four hardware stores, five
drugstores, nine shoe and boot stores, and 14 clothing stores in the downtown (Oldt, p. 164).
17
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Histor/cal Survey Report
Figure: 1872 Bird's eye view
The multiple property study determined that Dubuque is of special architectural interest because the city
weathered the several national financial panics better than comparable cities did. This meant that new buildings
were still being built in Dubuque at a time when construction virtually ceased elsewhere· A key Dubuque
advantage was its self-sufficiency in capital. Other cities dependent on Eastern investors, were particularly
· vulnerable when their bubbles burst. Dubuque was better able to match new construction with actual need it
would appear. This is not m say that the city was not impacted by each successive economic downturn, and as
the state's first city, failures of a substantial scale would have been expected.
The financial panic of 1873 is a case in point. The crisis started with Chicago banks on September 25
and a day later, Dubuque's largest bank, Merchants National. suffered a heavy run on its deposits and shut its
doors· Dubuque Savings Bank was also crippled due to the abuses of two of its officers. The other banks
survived and local fears ora repeat of 1857 were relieved. Historian Oldt noted "many businessmen lost heavily
and some failures resulted." The 1880 history saw the downtown as a good thing:
The panic of 1873, cannot, in the light of its effects, be properly so designated. It was rather a
change of times. The rapid rate in which the American people had lived and transacted
business, could not hold out. Black Friday came as a warning of the punishment that followed
quickly in its wake. and the tight times which came in with the close of 1873 were simply in the
nature of an admonition that happier days were in store."
There were some signs of over expansion in the downtown however. The McCann Block. on Main between 4t~
and 5th slreets burned in 1871 and it wasn't until the end of 1872 that the ruin was finally removed and a new
building raised up (1880 history, p. 534, 529, 622-24, Oldt, pp. 173-74; Herald, November 24, I872).
Indeed, the year 1873 witnessed the substantial infilling ora four block area east of the downtown by
the Dubuque Harbor Company. This $15,000 effort promised the elimination of"pestilential breeding holes of
fevers, chills and other disorders." The wetlands areas were "a serious impediment to the commercial interests
of the city" and it was promised that the new lands "will soon be covered with building blocks." Close to the
downtown, the alleyways between Main and Iowa, and Jones and the railroads, were filled at a cost of $21,500.
The work continued into 1874. A notable 1877 infilling was the elimination of a pond located along the C.D. &
M. Railroad, between 15th and 16th streets. One of the Langworthy's did the work, the pond being deemed "long
a nuisance" (Herald, November 24, 1874; May 17, 1877; Oldt, p. 177).
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
The year t 875 brought 28 new business blocks. The Board of Trade was reorganized on January 8,
1876 and gained 150 members within two years. There was another market change in late 1876, when the hay
market was redirected to 1st Street. Upper town residents protested, wanting it to be located on 14t~ between
Clay and Iowa. City fathers considered ISt Street to be too busy for the hay dealers, given the presence of hog
dealers on the same street at the time (Oldt, p. 177; Lyon, p. 102; Nat. Demokrat, November 23, 1876).
The Times noted the passage of two frame cottages up Main Street, the buildings having been displaced
by new commercial construction and expansion (Times, April 21, 1877).
When the construction of a grand opera house was discussed in 1877, the Times reported an "almost
universal [opinion] in favor of the Opera House being located at least above Seventh Street (Times, May 2,
1877).
MAIN STREET.--Dubuquers are justly proud of their Main street, and it is
without question the freest business street west of Chicago and north of St.
Louis. Indeed, St. Louis has but few streets to outrank it. Dubuque's stereo-
scopic artist, Root, has just fmished some admirable views of this street, taken
from a point near the Key City' house...
Herald, June 5, 1881
The northward expansion of the downtown was marked by the offering of the first banking services to
firms located on the upper roaches of Clay Street. John Fosselman was the first to provide these services when
he added a vault to his Clay Street business. The Herald noted "money is plenty in that part of the city, and as
downtown banks are far away, a depository is necessary for the convenience of businessmen." Fosselman
wasn't starting a bank, but he apparently secured deposits and provided funds to that part of town. By 1887, the
German Trust & Loan Bank was in the impressive Bell Block, at Central and 13t~, the first north-end bank to
make the move. When the Kuntz Block was completed on Central, across from the high school (12t~ and
Central), it was described as being "in the heart of the market." While this might be a reference to its proximity
to the farmer's market that operated around the city hall, it could also refer to the northward development of the
downtown (Herald, July 19, August 18, 1883).
The 1884 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map painstakingly details the extent and nature of downtown
Dubuque. A solidly developed, three-story hig~h commercial downtown covered both sides of Main Street from
2~d through the southern end of 9th streets (the west side of Main below 2nd was also three-stories high). The east
side of Main was similarly built up as far north as 11t~ Street. Three banks were on Main between 6t~ & 7th, but
two others were at 5t~ and Main, and the German Bank was between 3~d and 4t~. Smaller businesses were north
of 7t~ Street, while the big commercial houses were between 3~d and 7th. The A. A. Cooper Wagon Works was
on Main, at 3~d Street. Several large liveries and one major factory, the Glover Overall Factory, were on the east
side of Locust, between 4th and 7t~ streets. Industries, notably the Norwegian Plow Works, Chamberlain Plow
Works the gas company and the Illinois Central depot and freight depot, were south of the downtown, below 1st
and Jones streets. East of the downtown proper, the A. Y. McDonald pump maker, the Dubuque Cabinet Maker
Association, a brewery, and the Key City Barrel factory, were along Iowa Street. Government buildings were
along Clay-(Central), with the courthouse/jail at 7t~ and City Hall at 13t~. The major sash and door companies
(Farley-Loetscher, Can-, Ryder, Austin, and the linseed oil mill and major lumberyards were all east of White
and north of 7th streets. Clay was only moderately commemial in its makeup and this was mostly true of its east
side (I3th to 17th streets). A curious presence was a pork packing house, at the southeast comer of the block
where city hall stood.
The year 1886 witnessed the growing importance of warehouse construction, the accelerated filling of
the sloughs, and the much-belated beginnings of adding a vehicular bridge over the Mississippi River. The
latter would transform the downtown by enhancing East 4th Street as a point of entry into the city and the
downtown specifically. The HeraM noted new downtown construction, "In the mercantile region new
19
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural m~d Historical Survey Report
warehouses are built of splendid size and front; in the retail portion many new stores are erected, particularly on
Main and Clay streets and Couler avenue." The railroads were the prime agents in infilling the sloughs in front
of the city. The same source noted that the raised land "will be in constant use hereafter as railroad yards, for
freight depots, storehouses and other uses. Another land filler was the lumber yards. The HeraM reported "the
lumber mills have also reclaimed much other slough land with their mill refuse. It will not be many years before
the entire slough front from the railroad tracks to the river below East Seventh street will be all filled in (Herald}
September 26, 1886)."
Dubuque is fast obtaining a reputation for enterprise and industry unsurpassed
by any city, at least in the state of Iowa. She is gaining a reputation as enviable
to other cities of equal size as it is a pride to herself. The buildings that are
being erected are not mere skeletons in danger of falling at all times, like those
that can be found in most other places. Our city is also obtaining a good and
legitimate name throughout the east, and the resuk is that quite a number of
eastern capitalists are negotiating for the purchase of real estate and for the
erection of blocks of houses. It is a well known fact that for the past several
years, particularly during 1885 and 18864e demand for dwellings and cheap
tenement houses has greatly exceeded the supply.
Herald, May 9, 1886
Commercially speaking, the years 1886-87 represented a real upturn for the downtown. Locals
discounted the arrival of a "boom" which they eschewed, favoring instead of"steady, sure growth." The gains
were credited to the construction of the vehicular river "High Bridge," and the merchants anticipated "the
increase of the city's retail and supply trade from the many farmers and others that the bridge will attract to
Dubuque as a market, and in the extension of business this will give to the jobbers." The Herald reported:
The business done in Dubuque in 1886 has been much better than that of several years past.
The jobbers nearly all report a satisfactory' year's business. Not one reports the amount as any
less than that of 1885, while most have increased in volume and in dollars...The retailers have
done unusually well this last year and some are enthusiastic. The manufacturers report their
business as about the same as last year. They are gradually recovering from the low depression
that has prevailed everywhere. The new railroads will benefit them as well as the jobbers, and
the outlook for both is promising.
Herald, January 1, 1887
The business houses of the city have been doing a prosperous business this year more so than
for several years. Some have greatly extended their operation, enlarged their capacity and given
other signs of improvement and prosperity. The city's commercial operations and
manufacturing are undoubtedly extending and increasing, a very good accompaniment to go
with the opening of the High Bridge.
Herald, November 27, 1887
1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886
$1,246,845 $1,488,700 $1,048,279 $903,600 $821,155 $1,026,301
$9,071,000 $10,139,412[ $11,038,400 $9,986,000 $10,737,300 $10,955,999
$13,285,900 $17,490,680 $19,379,800 $16,489,000 $16,196,500 $15,723,000
$9,542,153 $10,158,176 $11,537,500 $9,457,000 $9,729,500 $9,267,300
$33,600 $10,700 $24,350 $24,000 $28,000 $80,000
$3,876,900 $4,819,638 $6,484,321 $6,259,817 $6,255,818 $7,238,031
$37,156,398 $44,097,315 $49,512,650 $43,119,419 $44,447,213 $44,290,62I
Table: Dubuque's Economic Growth, 1881-86
(Herald, November 27, 1887)
20
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1887 1888
$1,267,400 1,678,7005
$16,142,700 $18,737,300
$21,630,200 $25,196,500
$11,280,800 $15,729,300
$71,000 75,000$
$12,233,900 $13,962,758
$62 626 000 $77,379,558
The table shown above traces the major financial sectors of the city between 1881 and 1886. The
impact of the depression of 1884-85 is obvious, particularly in the sharl: decline in local building. Every sector
'was impacted, particularly jobbing and its recovery was the slowest. Three other trends are apparent in these
figures. Most important is the comparatively minor role played by retail in the overall financial mix. It is
possible that retail is simply dwarfed by the stronger jobbing and manufacturing sectors, but given that this issue
resurfaces in later years, it is more probable that Dubuque's retail market was simply restricted by geography. A
minor trend is the resurgence of mining in the form of zinc rather than lead. The sudden leap in mining values,
realized in 1886, reflects the exploitation of what had been a waste product of lead mining. Finally, it is the
rapid growth of the service/professional sector over time that makes these numbers "knock" and without this
resiliency to the recession, the total figure for the city would have shown a decrease. The services figures
document the increased importance of this important sector (Herald, November 27, 1887).
The second table carries the same trends through 1887-88. All of the sectors, apart from mining, simply
exploded to record levels. Manufacturing and jobbing figures are particularly impressive. Building figures also
soar. These figures and trends mfiect the securing of several additional key railroads as well as the enhanced
jobbing and retail trade area that came with the new river bridge (ibid., December 23, 1888~.
A real estate boom developed during the spring of 1887, said to have been the greatest since t 857.
Speculative downtown investing reflected the rapid growth of that area. The Herald observed "money has been
ready and eyes have been sharp in searching out bargains." The Commercial National Bank purchased the
coruer of Sixth and Main streets and as a result "liberated considerable capital which was holding in the hands
of other parties for the purpose of buying it, and the holders have not been adverse to placing it elsewhere."
Transactions were not being made with the usual one-third payment but were sold for cash (Herald, March 13,
1887).
By the end of I887, Dubuque was calling itself"The Key City of the Northwest and the Chief City of
the State of Iowa." The city's manufacturing sector was "assuming gigantic proportions." Every factory was
"experiencing the greatest success; in fact,, nearly all of them are rushed to their fullest capamry, some being far
behind in filling orders for their goods, such is the demand for them." The Herald noted that "not a single
failure is on record among the city's manufacturing interests." Jobbing firms numbered an impressive 250
companies with 200 traveling salesmen and 5,000 other employees (Herald, April 24, 1887).
By the end of 1888, the Herald could claim that Dubuque was doing the largest wholesale trade,
measured in volume, of any Iowa city. There were 85 wholesale firms employing 236 traveling men who
traveled "all over the northwest selling Dubuque goods," and employed 1,630 other workers. The
manufacturers headcount stood at 143 companies, employing 5,992 workers (Herald, December 23, 1888).
Streetcar service extensions influenced the expansion of the downtown. The Byrne Bros. property, at 8t~
and Iowa was sought by a number of buyers in late 1889 but the owners held out, counting on the promised
impact of the electric motor line which was to pass it (Herald, December 4, 1889).
21
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Improve Main Street
I mn glad to know that the city council is taking steps toward paving Main
street in a modern and satisfactory manner. The old cobble stones ought to be
taken off, and a smooth surface put on, and until that is done, those great
stevedore wagons should be kept offMain street as much as possible. The
heavy, loose-jointed concerns, with their chains dangling at the endboard, make
enough noise to drive a man crazy. Main street is in a bad condition. It doesn't
do any good to repair it with the present style of macadam. The heavy wagons
run[ning] over it keep it constantly out of order. In its present condition it
would be a disgrace to a country village.
Weekly Ledger, June 7, 1890
The 1891 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map depicted a maturing downtown. The area south of the downtown
was largely residential to the west but included a number of factories and warehouses. Locust was largely
commercial between 1st and 3~d streets and the Glover factory had been joined by Ryder Wallis, a block north.
The Julian-8~ street corridor remained an important commercial corridor and it was rapidly developing as a
substantial commercial street. The Lorimer House anchored its ~vest end at Bluff Street. The vehicular bridge
across the Mississippi River had encouraged hotel development along 7th and 4th streets, east of downtown.
Downtown, the basic key buildings had changed little since 1884, save for the banks, which had dispersed
southward, with two banks on or near 3r~ Street. The opera house was at 4t~ and Main. Two new commercial
nodes were developing, Iowa between 11t~ and 13t~ streets, and Clay (Central) between 12t~ and 14th. The latter
development, clustered across from and north of City Hall, provided a substantial south-end anchor for the
growing Central Street commercial corridor. East of the downtown, a concentrated industrial node was fast
developing east of White, between 8th and 12th streets.
Dubuque's Future:
It now begins to look as though Dubuque was about to break through the shell
of fogyism that has for years confined her powers and stunted her growth, and
forge its way to the front. A number of enterprises are now on foot, chief
among them an electric railway and the lighting of our streets and houses by
electric light. We f'md the young business men of our city seriously interested
in these enterprises~we find the fogies and moss covered money lenders
opposing them. This question now confronts Dubuque: "Shall we sit
complacently by and see our city outstripped by competitors, or shall ~ve shake
offthis lethargy, bid defiance to the chronic obstructionists, take advantage of
our many opportunities and resources, bid foreign capital come in and assist in
building up Dubuque, or remain stationery while the procession goes by and
leaves us in the rear?" Which horn of the dilemma shall we accept?
No city in Iowa has as much "home capital" available as Dubuque. This is an
acknowledged fact. No city in Iowa has as many manufactories--as large a
wholesale trade as Dubuque. No city in Iowa has as many natural advantages
as Dubuque. And yet we have not made the progress that other cities less
fortunately situated have made. Why? Simply because the capitalists of
Dubuque have positively refused to venture upon any enterprise calculated to
build up our city unless large and immediate returns were visible...
Weekly Ledger, October 12, I889
By mid-1891 record numbers of houses were being built across the city but downtown, "business
improvements have thus far been confined almost exclusively to remodeling, although some smaller new blocks
are under construction." Rumors abounded to the effect that eastern capitalists were purchasing Main Street real
estate, planning to erect a six-story office building at 6th & Main (the "Illinois Central corner") or at 9th and
Main ("the Levens corner"). Halfa million dollars in inveslments were assured over the next two years. A new
paper mill and a zinc mill were two rumored projects that would be funded (Herald, June 27, 1891).
22
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
By the mid-1890s the city was once again recovering from yet another national financial depression.
The year 1896, was, in the manufacturing sector both the best year economically since 1893, when the downturn
began, but it was also the record year in the city's history. At least 200 plants collectively represented a
capitalization of $42 million and an annual product value of $40 million. Vast raw materials, lumber, iron, and
fuels, were pouring "from every part of the great northwest and from the far east.., into this great hopper daily."
Manufacturing was the basis of Dubuque's wealth and success and the growth of that sector was phenomenal
given the presence ofjust two substantial factories with $50,000 capitalization just 50 years before. Lumber
saw mills and wood processing comprised the largest single financial sector in the economy. The city claimed
two of the largest sawmill/lumber firms on the Mississippi and half of the lumber that was cut was locally
processed into sash, doors, blinds and trimwork. It was somewhat ironic that the revenues from these frans "far
exceeds the transactions in grain" despite the location of Dubuque within a rich agricultural territory. Iron
manufacturing was the second largest manufacturing sector, this despite the utter lack of area iron deposits, or
even fuel resources. Fifteen firms produced products valued at $12,750,000 and made the city "the leading iron
manufacturing city in the state of Iowa, and the second city in the northwest." This sector had rapidly grown
over the previous decade. Agricultural implements comprised a major component of the total production.
Another component was the production of steel hulled vessels. The Dubuque facilities were the second largest
in the country west of the Mississippi. The manufacturing of boots and shoes was another major manufacturing
component. The jobbing sector was the next largest sector, with 150 f'mns and 3-400 traveling men. Dry goods,
notions and clothing were the leading jobbing lines of production. The retail sector was valued at $26 million
annually. The leading lines were dry goods and clothing, followed by furniture, hardware mad crockery. This
sector owed its larger market to the success of the wholesale trade.
...The past four years have been a battle, week in and week out, for the majority of the
manufacturers all over the country, and the industries of Dubuque have been no exception, to
keep their heads above water, and more than one concern has passed through the fray by only
the narrowest of margins...
The out-of-town 'trade of retailers of other lines of merchandise is principally confined to the
immediate vicinity of Dubuque, and is a result rather of a natural condition than of any
intelligent effort to extend their trade by the methods of the dry good§ and clothing men, whose
advantages they do not possess and whose methods they cannot profit by.
Fancy grocer John F. Burns was signaled out as the city's leading grocer. Ensconced at 7e~ and Main streets,
Bums had for years "supplied the best patrons of Dubuque with fancy groceries and has by his conscientious
treatment has made them permanent customers." Like many major Dubuque merchants, Bums offered a
selection of goods that rivaled those found in the great nearby cities. He could also afford to buy directly from
producers in large quantities and this enabled him to be competitive in price. He was also the local agent for
two national grocem, Gordon & Dilworth of New York City and Curtice Bros. of Rochester, New York (Times,
December 16, 1897).
Why City Prospers...:
Why has Dubuque gro~vn, and what has given her prosperity?
These are questions easily answered when one considers the development of
the city's resources and her standing as leading the state in manufacturing and
jobbing interests. It is the growth of these that has built up the city, and they
were built up and are being further broadened and strengthened in wealth,
prestige, and patronage by the energy and zeal of their traveling men...
Herald, January 1, 1898
Dull economic times returned at the conclusion of the 19~ Century. The Dubuque Enterprise
proclaimed in October 1901 that "the tide has turned for Dubuque...The prospects are better for Dubuque the
coming winter than they have been for several seasons." There wasn't a vacant factory to be had in the city, nor
was there a vacant "desirable building...[in] what may be called the retail district." The Iowa Iron Works and
23
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
the Smedley Iron Works had resumed operations. The George Richardson Company, burned out, was
rebuilding on a larger scale. The streetcar company was continuing a complete revmuping of trackage and its
infrastructure. The massive door, sash and blinds companies were expanding and two new factories were
opening up (Enterprise, October 20, 1901).
The filling up of lowlands continued and the Adams Company was lauded for its central role in that
process. That company had started out a decade earlier in humble fashion at the foot of 3rd Street. Since then it
literally made its own room for expansion by filling and now comprised a massive complex, employing 150
workers. The fill was obtained from the deep foundation barrow that was produced from the construction of St.
Luke's Church, the Office and Security building, and tSom ali over the city. The Illinois Central continued to
play a central role, dumping 1,000 car loads of fill to support trestles around the Adams Plant. Visionaries now
saw Lake Peosta, east of the Milwaukee Railroad shops, as a future industrial site (Enterprise, March 9, 1902).
Under the caption "Dubuque's Furore The Stake" the Enterprise presented a remarkably candid
assessment of the city's retail strength. It offered "the great draw back to the city has been its lack of retail
trade." While that trade was comparable to cities in the other states, "the opportunities are at hand for its being
the best and greatest.
The main dependence of the retail dealers has been on the home trade and it is. due to the large
laboring community and the fact that the jobbers and manufacturers have been buying almost
exclusively at home, that the retail interests can make the showing they do. Des Moines, Cedar
Rapids, Sioux City and others in the state that take rank with Dubuque far outstrip this city in
the volume of trade from out of the city...If Dubuque, with her great volume of home trade, can
add a proportionate amount of rural trade, this city will be the best for retail trade in the state.
Business men realize this and the complaint has been bitter over the lack of facilities and
inducements to bring this trade here.
Dubuque from its inception possessed a tri-state market focus but the river to the east and the highlands to the
west had hindered its ability to capture a broader market in the hinterlands. The complaint voiced above
indicates that delays in building bridges and in making Iowa's interior more accessible, had allo~ved regional
markets and products to be siphoned away by other regional cities. The completion of the Eagle Point vehicular
bridge, delayed until 1903, was lauded for its potential to "open a vast territory to the retail interests of the city."
The city wasn't receiving its due share of area stock and produce shipments~ The same source noted "there is
not lmlf enough grain hauled in here for the local feed supply, and shipments of stock from this point have
become rare occurrences. The farmers have facilities closer home and they will not come here unless there are
convenient facilities to doing so or other inducements." Hopes for a packing plant had been delayed to the lack
of area stock supplies. Creameries and produce stations in the city ~vere valued more for the "rural trade they
attract" than for their present financial contributions (Enterprise, January 24, 31, 1903).
Reflective of the city's sense of powerlessness was the passage of a state taw that required fire escapes
and sprinkler systems in the downtown buildings. The two demonstrated "the advisability of the business men
of communities tike Dubuque paying more attention in politics and pending measures, not locally but in the
state." The Enterprise called for a committee "to guard against legislation of this kind...and to save expenses
by exercising a scrutiny over the acts of the city' council." The issue also illustrated the conservative nature of
the downtown interests~ The fire escape law covered buildings of three stories or more. A range of arguments
were offered beyond the sheer cost: Beautiful facades would be compromised and newer fireproof buildings
dich~'t need them. Already, there were "buildings the uppeg stories of which are not used at all, and others in
which the upper stories are used only for storage purposes" (Enterprise, August 29, 1903).
Arson produced fires destroyed the city's lumber industry in 1910-11 and also destroyed the Hotel
Julien and the new- Bijou Theater at 5th and Main streets. The replacement Hotel Julien was complete by I914 at
a cost of $550,000. Looking back from that year, the HeraM recalled that the city' s first "modern" buildings,
the Bank and Insurance office building and the Dubuque Brewing and Malting Company building, were both
24
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
built in ! 894 and comprised almost all of the value in new- construction that year. Between 1894 and 1908
further construction "progress was slow" but things had turned around in 1909, at which time residential
construction had surged "and also a few business houses were built." The nature of commercial buildings
changed as growing businesses demanded "larger and more substantial buildings." The importation of key
industries such as the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company, marked a re-direction in the emphasis in economic
development on the part of the city. Such recruiting efforts dated back to the mm-of-the century, but by this
time, very large plants were being brought in and a number were locating north of the city in the upper Couler
Valley, north of the brewery. These firms brought new jobs and increased housing construction resulted. The
remodeling of older downtown buildings, even those which were only a few years old, by this time comprised a
growing share of construction efforts (Herald, December 27, 1914).
Lower Main Building Up:
An observation of lower Main street, impresses the sight-seer with the fact
that that section of the city has progressed wonderfully in the past year. It gives
promise that in the course ora short time it will be the big business section of
the city. New buildings are common. The erection ora handsome structure by
the Jackson Vinegar company is one of the acquisitions. The improvement has
given others to inspiration. A large structure is under way by the Dubuque
Paper company, and it wilt. be but another year when the grounds where the
Jutien hotel once sto~)d will be occupied by a beautiful eight-story up-to-date
building.
Herald, December 28, 1915
Brick paving was underway downtown as of early 19I i. The sweets being paved were Clay (10th to
1 lth), 5t~ (Main to Locust), and 7th (Main to Clay). The 1914 paving list focused on alleyways between Clay and
White (form 4th through 18th streets), Main to Locust (between Jones and 3rd). An important westward carline
extension in 1914 added a mile of track out to Asbury and Delhi sweets from Locust and 8® (Telegraph-Herald,
January 1, 19tl; December 27, 1914).
New downtown construction during I915-18 was limited to a small number of very large projects. The
new Elks Home, at Locust and 7t~ sweets, reflected a tendency to place libraries, lodges and club houses to the
west of the downtown, close to the base of the bluffs. The seven story Becker-Hazelton block(2~° and Iowa)
was an example of the taller buildings that were being built in the city. The Hotel Julien had re-oriented its plan
to be parallel to Main and what had been its eastern half was freed up for commercial development on Iowa
SWeet. In I916 the key improvement was the new Y.M.C.A. building at 9t~ and Iowa streets. In the industrial
district to the east, massive half-block edifices marked the success of the giant sash and door firms, Farley &
Loetscher and Cart, Ryder & Adams. These were the largest such factory complexes in the state, and the
collective plants were the largest of their kind in the world (Telegraph-Herald, December 26, 1915; December
31, 1916; Times, January I, 1918).
World War I necessarily but the brakes on new' construction. In July 1919, the Telegraph-Herald
compared building permits issued for June 1918 (four buildings, $2,689 value) and June 1919 (46 buildings,
$285,696 value) and was pleased to report a 107 percent increase! A return to peacetime normalcy was
predicted but postwar price inflation and a reduction in industrial prosperity marked an end to any large scale
downtown rebuilding. The Times noted in early 1922 that during 1920 "practically no really large undertaking
was started." While the occasional large commercial building was built, community construction figures were
increasingly dependent upon public expenditures in infrastructure, particularly for new schools, sewers and
street paving (Telegraph-Herald, July 24, 1919; Times, January 1, 1922).
Two new bank buildings bolstered the 1923 new conslamction counts, producing a record total (#3
million) for the city. A major public inYestment in 1924 was the filling in of the 4th SWeet extension slough.
The city did the work and offered the site for factory and warehouse use. This area was presumably around and
north ofthe Shot Tower. During 1925 public and business building projects together totaled just $160,730 and
25
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
this figure included a major hall at the University of Dubuque (Times-Journal, January 1, 1924; Telegraph-
Herald, December 28, 1924; December 27, 1925).
Figure: I928 Streetcar Map (Donal R. Schultz, Iowa Trolleys Bulletin #114, Wilkie, p. 331)
The downtown streetcar/bus route map shown above nicely defines the several parts of the main City.
The commemial district was double tracked on Main Street from the railroad depots to the south to 13t~ Street at
the upper end. The key cross track link was 8th Street which tied together the western suburbs. Central was
single-tracked for its lower length, 3rd to 15th, and was double tracked north of that point. An 8t~ Street extension
served the factory- district. No direct car service was offered to the residential area located north of the factories
and east of Central Avenue.
Downtown parking was the issue in every city by the onset of World War II. Newly passed state
enabling legislation empowered cities to levy a tax to fund the creation and operation of parking tots. Two
Chamber of Commerce committees studied potential parking lot sites and identified 24 parcels in mid-1941.
They surveyed north and south of 8ttt Street. The selected lots were not necessarily large ones and at least some
of them had buildings on them. The Chamber was hopeful of having finished lots ready before the holiday
season so as to avoid "problems and difficulties that arose last year (Telegraph-Herald, May 18, 1941)."
26
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Downtown New Building/Demolition Chronology:
1845
Fifth SU'eetMarket
House
1846
Ladd & Rumbold,
contractors
Started incrementally in 1845, 1854 addition, second floor
mom for Aldermen meetings, only the original brick portion
stood as of late 1856, abolished 1858 and demolished
(Republican, July 31, 1856; Lyon, p. 286).
L. and E. Lang~wthorthy,
Main between 5 & 6th
their new block marks the first northward leap for the
downtown (1880 history, p. 525).
1848
Main & 5~, Globe (1880 history, p. 526-27).
Building
City Hotel occupies opera house site (1880 history, p. 526-27).
southeast comer, Main
between 7® & 8th
R. Cox, southwest
comer, 5t~ & Main,
foundations only started (1880 history, p. 526-27).
three story brick (1880 history, p. 526-27).
(Herald, July 20, 1883).
Iowa near 12th Thos. Ryan demolishes 1883 for new block, "old
landmark," (Herald, July 28, 1883).
1850
German Odd Fellows [ I (Childs, p. 92).
1854
142Main, GermanBank
Sullivan Building
Key City House
Germania House
(I 880 history, p. 530).
Myers, Tice & Co. as of 1880 (1880 history, p. 530).
(188.0~history, p. 530).
enlar~,ed (1880 history, p. 530).
1855
Kniest & Linsson, White
& 6t~
Cox Block
Doyle & Shine
Peasler House
Knies&Lenssen
Jesse P. Farley
Alex Simplot, Iowa
Street
Farley & Cristman, Iowa
Street
brick
new hotel (Herald, December 11, 1855).
triple storefront, on Market Square (Herald, December 14,
1855).
(Herald, November 30, 1855)
same (Herald, November 30, 1855)
same (Herald, November 30, 1855 )
same (Herald, November 30, 1855)
brick
brick
three stories, double storefronts, each 22xl 14, occupied by
Hellen, Lane & Co., Wholesale Crockery, Thomas Faherty,
Wholesale Grover (Herald, December 20, 1855).
triple storefronts, occupied by Farley, lames & Co.,
Wholesale Grocers, Farley & Cristman, Wholesale
Iror*/Hardware, Robinson & Co., Wholesale Grover (ibid.).
1856-27 stores, 44 shops, 3 hotels, 3 warehouses, a church, college "the most of them are brick and
stone, and ora large commodious size, and of the most modem style" (Herald, December 1, 1856)
7~ Street near bridge
George W. Rogers Co.
Lead Shot Tower
two stone warehouses underway, others go up along river
between 1st and 7th Street bridges (Republican, April 2,
1856).
Constructed in the fall of 1857 (Jacobsen).
27
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
J. Morrison, 2n° & Iowa new boiler works to be built (Republican, December 4,
1855
two warehouses, near 7m two stone five story warehouses (Republican, April 2,
Street bridge 1856).
Steward & Bonson four stories, 22 large iron columns (Republican, August 20,
Warehouse, Jones Street 1856).
levee
Block, Iowa between 4m brick, 114x52 (Republican, July 25, I856).
and 5th
Andrew & Tredway new hardware block (Republican, July 25, 1856).
Block, 91 Main
Washington Block, John Rague architect opposite Washington House, three stories and five
Smith, McKinlay, Pool Robt. McKinlay, storefronts, third floor concert hall (leased three years to
Block, 3ra Street and Brodhurst, Biles & Myers & Hough as Julien Theater), nine offices second
Locust Co., Fanning & floor leased to Dubuque & Pacific Railroad and others,
McEvoy, contractors 50x100, $15,000 (Republican, August 13, 1856; Herald,
March 8, 1857).
Rebman & Jones hotel frame, T. Jones & three stories, 130' front on Main, 60' front on 8~n, eight
block, opposite Son, architects, "one storefronts, second floor contains three store warerooms, 31
Congregational Church, of the finest offices, third floor, 75 rooms, 112x50, $30,000 (Republican,
8tn between Main & structures in the city" February 28, 1856; Times, August 24, 1857; Tribune,
Iowa January 5, 1857; Herald, March 8, 1857).
C. Laturel Block, Main brick, I 15x44, double storefront, four stories plus basement
between 1st & 2~a (Republican, August 8, 1856).
Chislett & Buckley, 3r~ large building (Herald, May 21, I856)
and Iowa
Xavier Reinfreid Block, four stories, triple storefront (Republican, July 24, 1856).
Main between 5th & 6th
John Blake Block, Main next to City Hotel, 114x22, four stories plus basement, 9'
between 4t~ & 5th basement, leased to N. McCombs & Bros. hardware
(Republican, July 22, 1856).
9m and Main removal of old buildings (ibid.).
I 1~ and Main removal of houses for large building (ibid.).
County Jail, 8m and Iowa Egyptian, Architect 100x35-45, two stories, also credited to 1857 list, hewn
John Rague stone, $10,000 (Republican, August 4, 1856; Tribune,
January 5, 1857).
Lorimer Block, Main $90,000, Kensey, David & Jenkings, five stories plus
between 9th and 10th basement, $16,000 five story addition 1857 (Republican,
August 23, September 5, December 6, 1856; Tribune,
January 5, 1857; Times, September 5, 1857).
Odd Fellows Hall, Leeman & Keenan, 109' frontage on 8~, 96' on Bluff, five splendid storefronts
southeast comer 8~ and contractors on 8th, four large rooms on second, two large halls third for
Bluff society purposes (Odd Fellows, Masons), half of second and
third floors for theatrical purposes, contains post office,
$38-40,000, finished summer 1857, $45,000, destroyed by
fire May 28, 1859 (Republican, July 19, September 5, 1856;
Herald, May 31, 1856; March 8, 1857; May 28, 1859,
Times, September 5, 1857).
1 ~ Congregational "handsome Gothic" oldest protestant church in continuous use, cornerstone laid
Church, 10t~ between 8,000 ornamental 1856, cburch delayed by Panic of 1857, basement first used,
Mmn and Locust brick from finished in 1860, brick parsonage, on church grounds,
Milwaukee for doors $5,000, done summer 1857 (Herald, March 8, 1857; Lyon,
28
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
and windows pp. 154-55; Republican, July 2, 19, 26, September 5,
I856;).
Second Presbyterian small frame, $2,000 (Republican, July 19, September 5,
Church, 9t~, between 1856; Herald, March 8, 1857).
Locust & Bluff
St. Raphael's Chumh $50,000 (Republican, July 19, September 5, 1856)
Lawrence Hotel Block, Berry & Ptatert, three basement storerooms, rune ground level storerooms,
Kinsey, David & formerly of Buffalo, offices and reading room, dining room, three parlors on
Jennings, Main Street, NY, contractors, "one second floor, parlor suites third floor, 200 hotel rooms
between 9th and 10th of the most upper floors, five stories, 194xi 13,413 windows. 40
magnificent chandeliers, $1 i0,000 including addition that fills block
structures in the front (Herald, July 12, 1856; March 8, 1857).
city...Italian style of
street architecture"
Graffort Hotel $35,000, 1857 addition, $5,000 (Republican, July 19,
September 5, 1856; Tribune, January 5, 1857; Times,
September 5, 1857).
St. Cloud Hotel $80,000, destroyed by fke January 22, 1858 (Republican,
July 19, Sel~tember 5, 1856; Herald, January 22, 1858;
Times, September 5, 1857)
A. K. Northrup, foot of double frame storefront, two stories, $2,000 (Herald, March
Main 8, 1857)
W. L. and J. Bell, Main double brick store£ront, 22xi 14, $14,000, first tenants Jewel
between 1st & 2~d & Co. (produce/grain), W. H. Peabody (liquor) (Herald,
March 8, 1857).
Becker & Rheinfred, "fine structure" triple brick block, three stories, $24,000, tenants Gilbert &
Main between 5t~ & 6t~ Buchanan (shoes), Grosvener & Shelly (books) and Becker
(clothing) (Herald, MarchS, 1857)
Ogleb,yt~ Main behveen three story brick, 22.5x70, tenants, Saner (shoes-basement),
6~ & 7 Woolnough (variety, ground), Smock & Boice (clothing
jobbers, upper floors) $6,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857).
J. Blake, Main between "handsome and four stories, brick, 22xl 13, $12,000, McCombs & Brother
3rd and 4tn next to City substantial" (hardware) first tenant (Herald, March 8, 1857).
Hotel
A. Monroe, Main, frame store, Kenan's grocery fn:st tenant, $900 (Herald,
between 2nd & 3rd March 8, 1857)
Kinsey, David & conversion steam engine used to hoist building material, new hotel,
Jennings, Main, cor. 6~ "constructed five stores out of Dr. Finley's late residence"
$2,500 (Herald, March 8, 1857; Republican, August 23,
1856).
Bissel & Co., Southwest four stories, brick, 22x75, $5,500 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
comer, [1091] Main &
10~ Extant as I091 Main.
First Baptist Church, "one of the handsom- fine brick house of worship, 44x75, $7,000 (Herald, March
northeast comer Main & est church structures 8, 1857)
10th in the city"
Wm. Rebman, Addition, frame, $500 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Main between 10m &
11m
F. M. Plains, Locust stone building, 37.5x41, $2,000 (chandler finn) (Herald,
March 8, 1857)
Seger, City Brewery, three story stone, 54x45 depth, 20 barrel daily capacity,
29
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Locust $4,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Jones and Locust two two-story flames, $600 total (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Locust, between Jones & two frames, $450, $125 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
1st
Locust, between lS~ & 2ha small frame ($150), three stow brick store/dwelling
($3,500), Newman & Cooper, carriage builders, three story
brick addition ($3,500) (Herald, March 8, 1857).
William Lauther, Locust four unit two story brick tenement, $4,500 (Herald, March
between 2nd & 3~d 8, 1857)
Protection Company #2 two story frame, $1,250 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
firehouse, Locust,
between 3rd &; 4t~
next to above Carter & Piper, double frame residence, $2,000 (Herald,
March 8, 1857)
same same, a two stow frame store, $600 (Her'ald, March 8,
1857)
Mrs. Marcia A. Gonder, brick block, double storefront, four stories, $7,000 (Herald,
southwest comer Locust March 8, 1857)
and 5th
F. E. Bissel & Co., "Elizabethian style .... one of the most magnificent mansions of our city," 2.5
Locust & 10th stories, four gables, 4xx32, $13,800 (Herald, March 8,
1857)
Michael O"Brien, Locust three stow brick block, five tenements, $15,000 (Herald,
& I 1tI* March 8, 1857)
Chislett, Buckley & Co., Hardware firm on Main puts up two large brick warehouses
Iowa behind their store, four stories, 42xl 13, $16,000 (Herald,
March 8, 1857)
J. R. Treat, Iowa Wm. & J. Ryan, three stoW brick warehouse for wholesale grocer, 22x74,
between 3rd & 4t~ contractors excellent full-length cellar, $4,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Andrews & Tredway, hardware dealers on Main, build four stoW brick warehouse
Iowa behind store, 22xl 13, $7,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
C. Multen, Iowa and 6~ four stoW brick, 42x64, storefront on ground, fourth
occupied by German Tumverein, $10,000 (Herald, March
8, 1857)
Sauer, Iowa between 13m two story brick store/dwelling, $2,000 (Herald, March 8,
& 14th 1857)
Strobel & Rath, Clay brick store for chandelW and packing house, $4,000
between 4th & 5th (Herald, March 8, 1857)
R. Jones & J. Wienzierl, tw'o frmne shops, $200, $250 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Clay between 5th t~ 6th
S. Brow~, Clay and 9~ three stoW brick store and dwelling, $4,000 (Herald, March
8, 1857)
Third Ward School, John Rague, arch., plans approved by School Board (April 21) existing
south-west comer, Iowa Berry & Platert & building demolished, foundation excavated (June i4)
and 12th Longhurst, formerly "handsome andsubstantial,' "three stories,' large spacious
of Buffalo, NY, basement, 52x80, eaves 50' high, $25,000, finished January
contractors 1857 (Herald, April 21, June 14, 1856; March 8, 1857;
Times, September 5, 1857).
West, W3~ite between 4TM neat frame office adjoining his Forwarding house, $350
& 5t~ (Herald, March 8, 1857)
John Kesler, hotel, "modem style .... veW neat and substantial, in the modem style of
White between 4t~ & 5th [architecture, having handsome balconies," 48 rooms, 52x80,
30
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
60 feet high, store for saloon, $16,000 (Herald, March 8,
1857)
Smith & Co. feed mill, small frame steam feed mill, $1,200 complete (Herald,
White & 5th March 8, 1857)
Merchant's Hotel, White Ross & Lincoln to manage, four story brick, $16,000,
& 6t~ double storefront occupied first by Trask & Co. (boots,
shoes), and Dietrich & Co. (wholesale grocers), 49 rooms in
hotel, 61x60, 64' high, addition of"L" in spring to add 20
more rooms, opens August 30 (Herald, August 30, 1856;
March 8, 1857)
Adams House Hotel, four stories, Harriman to manage, double storefront, 37
White at 7th rooms, ample cellars, 45x80, two story wing of 40', "adds
much beauty to that portion of the city," $14,000 (Herald,
March 8, 1857)
Hugh Miller, White near three story brick, 27x50, $5,000, same, two story frame rear
9th dwelling, $600 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Geiger, Jas., White, two story frame store/dwelling, $600 (Herald, March 8,
between 12th & 13t~ 1857)
Mr. Coolican, Iowa and double frame storefront, two stories, $3,000 (Herald, March
1st 8, 1857)
Dunn, I st between Main two story brick store/dwelling, $2,500 (Herald, March 8,
and Locust 1857)
McCrea, 2~ between wagon shop $800 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Main & Locust
Hartsock & Simpson, 2na two three story stores ~n single block, $7,000 (Herald,
between Main & Locust March 8, 1857)
O. Lutterat, 4m between duplicate enlry? brick block, double storefront, three stories, $4,000 (Herald,
Main & Iowa March 8, 1857)
Wood, Wilson & Co., two frame stores $9,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
opposite above
5~ below White frame office, one story, $150 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
E. M. Bartholow, 5~ frame store, $450 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
between Clay & White
Kniest & Co., 6m & Clay two story frame store, 22x44, $1,000 (Herald, March 8,
1857)
6tn between Iowa & Clay two small tenements, "additions to fronts" $250 (Herald,
March 8, 1857)
Wood, Wilson & Co., 6m two story frame store, $1,200 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
between Iowa & Clay
E. Busch, 6~ between frame shop, $250 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Iowa and Main
Lee & Grey, 7~ between two story front addition to Washington Stables, 30x27,
Main & Locust $900 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Court House, 7t~ Street large addition, $4,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
7~ between White and five frame offices/shops, total $1,250 (Herald, March 8,
the bridge 1857)
Ebbert & Co., 8~ & sash & door factory, $600 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Jackson
Wm. Rebman's Hall, 8~ three story block, double storerooms, 15x60, 8 small rooms
near Main second floor, hail third floor, fine finished basement
storeroom, $5,000 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
James B. David, grocer, "erected by A. three story' brick, 21x51, $3,500 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
8TMbetween Locust & Anderson"
Bluff
Pelan & Anderson, office, $175 (Herald, March 8, 1857)
adjoining above
J. Truedell, immediately two story frame carriage shop, 20x38, $1,200 (Herald,
above the above March 8, 1857)
Bennett & Smith, Julien two story frmne, 20x40, (painting & paper hanging) $1,000
Avenue above Bluff (Herald, March 8, 1857)
H. Rooney, near above two story brick store/dwelling, $800 (Herald, March 8,
1857)
Conway, Julien near Air small frame store, one story, 16x27, $225 (Herald, March 8,
Hill 1857)
D. Barry, Air Hill and three story frame store/dwelling, 25x28, $1,100 (Herald,
Julien March 8, 1857)
Lull, Merrit & Co., soap two story frame, :Captain Payson's chemical soaps" $2,200
factory, Jones, between (Herald, March 8, 1857)
Main & Locust
Bennett & Welch, Jones blacksmith shop, $800 (Herald, March 8 1857)
Street
G. R. West three story, 30x110, brick hauled from Dunlieth (Herald,
January 30, 1856).
108 Main, Barr & Co, "such alterations and improvements in the building itself,
that its most intimate friends would scarcely recognize it,"
"stairs in front" knocked out, whole front "thrown open,"
second floor consolidated as single room, Ban', carpets,
curtains, replaces Walmsey & Barr, dry goods (Republican,
March 25, 1856).
12t" & Clay, Turner Hall demolished 9~5 for playground (Sommer, p. 24).
Fire loss, 3~ & Main three buildings destroyed (Herald, November 5, 1856)
1857
Main above 8th Troy, NY contract Town Clock and tower (Herald, December 22, 1857).
Main & 10~ brick (Herald, October 29, 1857).
Hotel [P. A.] Lorimer, "Italian street order 50'front on Bluff, 100' on 8~, five stories, 70' elevation,
northeast comer Bluff& very neat style" $25,000 as of early 1857, is one third of contemplated
8th structure, later known as Wales Hotel (1894+), burns 1917,
replaced by Telegraph-Herald building (Herald, March 8,
July 8, 1857; Sommer, p. 16)
J. Hoey, Grocery Block "something three or four stories, 50x113, $16-18,000, also called Duffle
east side Main, bet. l~t & approaching the Block, containing four stores (Herald, August 12, October
Jones Gothic," N.P. 2, 29,1857; Times, August 24, 1857).
Tutweiler, contractor
Goff & Co., just above three stories, double storefront, brick (Herald, October 29,
the above 1857).
between 11 and 18 Main double storefront, three story brick brick (Herald, October
29, 1857).
L. D. Randall Block, 44 "French style .... Milwaukee brick front," four or five stories, 22xl 13,
Main, Main below 3a, $11,000 (ibid.;(Tribune, January 5, 1857; Herald,
opposite Malony Block November 29, 1857, says 5 stories).
Lawrence Malony "finest in the cast iron fronts, four storefronts, four stories, 64xl 13,
Block, Main and 3rd city...Ionic order" $55,000 (ibid.; Tribune, January 5, 1857; Herald, October
29, 1857).
John D. Graffort Hotel, [ 114x80, four stories and basement, two storefronts, saloon
32
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Bluff & 3r~ and barber shop, two wings connected by platforms,
laundry, washrooms and storage moms off of open court,
nnovative in hotel design (all water needs supplied from
central large cistern, "special reference...to accommodate
the servants of all classes in their respective labors," now
ready for roof, $30,000 (Times, September 5, 1857;
Republican, July 8, 1857)
Fourth Ward/13m Architect J.N. $30,000-$48,000, 115x50, three stories, raised basement 10'
StreeV'Central Market Moody, John Rague in clear, 30 stalls in basement with center aisle, 1B stow 17'
House (City~Hall), 12th prepared specifca- in clear, city offices on second floor, Concert Hall third,
Street Market House tions. "..somewhat 18.5' in clear, Rague did not design the present City Hall,
after the Roman report corrected July 9 (Moody and Rague were then
style" partners), work halted and contractor settled with, October
1, 1857 (Republican, July 8, 9, 22, 1857; Herald, February
11, 1857; October 1, 1858; Tribune, January 5, December
31, 1857).
Fhird Ward School, 12m Architect John $25,000, closed in 1912 due to unsafe conditions, renamed
& Clay Rague, identical Prescott School, 1889, replaced by Prescott School, White
plans between 12th and 13th streets, extant (Republican,
September 25, 1857; Lyon, pp. 112-13)
Dr. J. Sproul, Main & Greathead & two 20x70 storefronts, $9,000 (Times, August 24, 1857).
I 1 th Hopkins, contractors
Alexander Anderson storefront, three stories with basement, $4,000 (Tribune,
January 5, 1857).
Duries Block, Main 1863 account says bulk 1856, but 1857 list dates to that
betw'een 1 st & Jones year, collapses, single storefront, three stories, $16,000,
brick on mud foundation, 1863, see below (Times, March
29, 1863; Tribune, January 5, 1857).
lohn Bushway, 15 Main, single storefront, three stories, brick, $10,000 (Tribune,
Main below 1st January 5, 1857; Herald, October 29, 1857).
Cogswell & Barnes double storefront, two stories, stone, $i2,000 (Tribune,
January 5, 1857).
los. Trudelt, Julian and Logan, builder three (or eight) storefronts, offices above, 62x80, three
Bluff stories, $8-9,000 (Times, August 24, i857; Tribune, January
5, 1857).
Bradley & Brown, 7~ Dibot & Plack, "law block," three stories, brick, $18,000 (Tribune, January
architeets/buitders 5, 1857).
First Ward Market single stow, brick, $9,000 (Tribune, January 5, 1857;
House, below 1a Herald, October 29, 1857).
Tremont House, 8m $12,000 (Tribune, January 5, 1857).
between Main and Iowa
American House, 4TM $15,000 (Tribune, January 5, 1857).
between Clay and White
Store, Iowa, between storefront, three stories, brick, $5,000 (Tribune, January 5,
12th & 13TM 1857).
1858
10m & Main block, brick work done November 5 (Morning Sun,
November 5, 1859).
Dr. Prom (St. Louis), Robert Rogers, two stow brick store, work started c.early 1858, work halted
Main & 11th contractor at the one-stow stage, for over a year, work resumed with
Rogers as builder, in mid- 1859 (Morning Sun, July 31,
August 6, 1859).
33
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
30 new buildings ] (Morning Sun, August 7, October 9, 1859).
underway
Merchant's Hotel; Main destroyed by fire (Herald, May 31, 1858). Incendiary, starts
& 3rd fires across city, seven vacant buildings burned (ibid., Sept.
--), and three houses burned (ibid, August 12)..
St. Lawrence Block, $I 10,000 fire loss (Times, January 22, 1858)
Main
1859
Odd Fellows Hall, 8m & destroyed by fire, $75,000 loss (Morning Sun, May 28,
Bluff 1859; Times, May 27, 1859)
New Block, northwest lampooned by Times for shallow foundation, "nothing very
comer of Main and 7t~ attractive about it" (Times, August 6, 1859).
1860
Langworthy Bu lding first story done June (Herald, June 20, 1860).
Devanney Block brick, replaces burned saloon site (Herald, April 25, 1860).
Theodore Stimming, two stories, 5 lx26, to be done April 1, 1860, to house pre-
northwest or northeast existing firm, same site (Herald, February I0, I5, 1860).
comer Iowa and 7th
Old Allen House, 3r° & demolished to make way for new brick block (Herald,
Locust March 28, 1860).
Congregational Church, dedicated (Herald, April 4, 1860).
Locust & 10th
Connolly & Roberts new wagon shop, 2.5 story brick, replaces burned shop
! (Herald, June 13, 1860).
Customs House, 9TM & work resumes May 29 (Herald, May 30, 1860).
Locust
8t~ & Main wholesale store, 42xi 14 (Herald, May 16, 1860)
1861
Cogswell Block I [ roof blown offin June 15 gale (Herald, June 16, 1860).
1862
Woodworth & Co., Main brick block, triple storefront, Woodworth & Co., liquor and
and 4th cigars, Westphal & Hinds, hardware, center store 25', side
frontages 18.5' (Times, October 10, 1862).
1863
Tri-plex tenement, Destruction Used as first cathedral, "one of Pioneers of town," housed
Locust between lst and Bishop 1834-45 (Herald, May I2, 1863).
Jones, destroyed by fire
Wm. Ruff's Block, 5~ built by Jos. Double storefront, three story brick, "far preferential to the
and Main (104 Main) Stammeyer old row of wooden buildings" on site, built spring 1863,
$2,500 (Herald, May 8, 1863; January 1, 1864)
D&SCRR Railroad 8-stalls, company fills two miles of right-of-way east of
roundhouse, south of downtown, sites for furore buildings, soon to be "the most
Jones, east of Main prominent landmark in the lower part of town," $5-6,000
(Herald, April 28, May 8, 1863; January 1, 1864).
Darfee-Durfee Block, Destruction brick block built 1856, rear wall collapses, south wall likely
Main between 1st and to follow, due to mud foundation (Times, March 29, 1856).
Jones
Washington House, 5t~ Destruction burns down (Times, June I 1, 1863).
and Locust
Brinkman & Company, pork packing warehouse, 24x40, two stories, "substantial"
Iowa and 8th (Herald, May 13, t863).
J. & S. Burt Reaper all stone, 100x40, contractor has 40 days to finish (Times,
34
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Factory May 9, I0, 1863).
Bronson's Tobacco enlarged from three to four stories (Herald, August 28,
Plant, Iowa and 3ra 1863).
Peosta House/Moloney Mullaney & King new roof and attic added for servant quarters, decorative
Block turrets on each comer, smaller than existing central turret,
"changing the appearance of the building entirely" 112x62,
work started November 1863, done in spring (Herald, April
4, 1863; January 1, 1864).
Customs House orders to complete to save work already begun, $35,000
(Herald, January 1, 1864).
Julien House Wm. McLar, completely refitted externally and internally, $4,500
carpenter (Herald, January 1, 1864).
Mial Mason, Iowa & 3~ McQuilton & Duffy tobacco works, story added (Herald, January 1, 1864).
Pleins & Beach, lower large soap and candle factory (Herald, January 1, 1864).
part of city
1866
9~ & Locust, U.S. started in 1857, finished I866, demolished 1947, site of
Custom House, Post Northwestern Bell Building (Sommer, p. 18).
Office
Dubuque & Sioux City roundhouse addition of 5-6 stalls, started in summer, $7-
Railroad 8,000 (Herald, November 1 I, 1866).
Turner Hall destroyed by fire (Times, Mamh 9, 1866).
Norton's Tenement I destroyed by fire (Times, July 3 I, 1866).
1867
Carr & Aust'm, Southern "immense Dubuque Plaining Mill" brick on stone
between extension of foundation, three stories 70x80 with two story 24xl 5 boiler
Main & Iowa, opposite room wing, $36,000 (Herald, September 5, 1867).
D&SC Freight House
C. J. Corkery, west side grain warehouse, one story frame, 28xi 14, $1,600 (Herald,
Main below 1~t September 5, 1867).
Rose & Weber, Main new storefront on saloon (Herald, September 5, 1867).
between 3rd & 4~
Mrs. Bemarths Beechler, McDermott & Mann, three story brick, 21.5x70, storeroom down, "handsome
East side Main, between contractors improvement" to this part of the street, adjoins Sanborn
8~ & 9~ Block on the north (Herald, September 5, 1867).
Junkerman (druggist), Flick, c~mtractor two story, 32x32, 16x24 wing, $2,000, building, likely
Iowa between 5th & 6t~ residence? (Herald, September 5, 1867).
Continental Hotel, 6~ former DeSoto? J. K. Graves buys, renovates and reproofs,
and Iowa $7,000, Thomas Stimming new landlord (Herald,
September 5, 1867).
M. J. McLaughlin, double storefront, one story frame $1,200-1,600 (Herald,
Locust & 1st September 5, i867).
Richmond & two story brick livery stable, 114x?, hay loft with 300 ton
McMasters, Locust & 4t~ capacity up, firm has 25 horses, can board 42, $25,000
(Herald, September 5, 1867).
Asa Robers, East side addition to wagon shop (Herald, September 5, 1867).
Locust, between 5m & 6~
Clay near 9TM McDermott & Mann, large shop for builders (Herald, September 5, 1867).
carpenters
W. H. Danjehn (?), brass foundry, 34x16, 28' chimney, $800 (Herald,
Southwest comer Clay September 5, 1867).
and 9®
35
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Gabriel Weiss, baker, two story' brick, 22x40, storefront down, residence up,
east side Clay, between $2,000+ (Herald, September 5, 1867).
17 & 14~
Jos: Traut, 14TM & White two story brick, 20x40, $2,000 (residence?) (Herald,
September 5, 1867).
Rouse & Dean Iowa firm founded 16 years earlier, immense two story brick
Ironworks, Washington addition, 78x94, now infills rest of whole block, I20,000
& 9~ brick, 60,000 feet of lumber, 700 cubic yards of fill to raise
site above highest flood level, $35,000 (Herald, September
5, I867).
Dubuque Cabinet four stery frame factory, 32x60, new firm, first building,
Makers Association, foot $15,000 (Herald, September 5, 1867).
of 9th
Henry Ziepprecht, Clay Two story brick storefront/residence, 15x60 drugstore,
Street, west side, $1,500-1,800 (Herald, September 5, 1867).
between 13th-14th
A. Stines, Clay, between two story brick with wooden front, 30x40, for clothing/dry
16t~ & 17th goods store, residence upstairs, (Herald, September 5,
1867). Extant as 1688 Central.
"The Fagade" not Started in 1866, finished in spring, "some rooms ready" as
located of May(Herald, September 5, 1867).
Cooper Wagon Works destroyed by fire twice, into temporary quarters in
September (Herald, April 26, 1867; Times, September 26,
1867; Oldt, p. 161).
Halfa block of Main destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (Herald, February 17-18,
Street 1868).
1868
John Nagle, cor. Walnut grocer, fme brick residence, 22x30, two stories, replaces
and Julien store burned few years ago, to build store on next lot
(Herald, April 29, 1868).
Fred Weigthle, NW cor. buys lot from Dr. Lay to build fine block of stores, $13,500
Main & 8 for lot (Herald, April 21, 1868)
Trudell's Block to second of third floor, "fine improvement to that unsightly
comer," ironwork and wood, double storefront, see Tmdell,
below for possible duplication (Herald, April 29, 1868)
M. S. Robinson, Main Agricultural warehouse, three stories, brick, 60x 118 or
between Jones & 1st 30x150, $9,500, reaches first story by late November, to
push to finish unless mortar freezes "before it is put on,"
site was a pool of water a few weeks ago, :now one of most
substantial structures on Main Street (Times, September 27,
1868; January 1, 1869; Herald, April 29, i868).
Martin Carroll, Simplot former Carroll bakery converted into store for Simplot
Estate, southeast comer Bros., brick dwelling/bakery, $3,000 (Times, January 1,
Main 1 st 1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
Merchants National John Keenan, formerly on west side Main between 5~ & 6u~, building
Bank, to southeast arch/builder completely gutted, new safe, $6,000 (Herald, December 13,
comer Main & 5th 1868).
John D. Bush, 42 Main new front and story added beneath whole, new roof, new
(west side between 2nd & front, 2 ix130, Kinley & Cochrane, fruit confectionery to
3rd) occupy, addition to store, $3,500 (Times, January I, 1869;
Herald, December 13, I868). Herald, April 29, 1868 states
C. P. Kinsley removed to J. T. Hancock's Store, two doors
36
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical survey Report
below, to demolish old brick owned by John D. Bush with
"substantial and elegant new one," 22 feet frontage to alley,
to be done in two months. Same source, August 14, 1868
states Bush is erecting a three stow block, 100 feet deep, "in
place of the one stow affair, formerly occupied by C.
P.Kinsley."
Grosvenor & Harger, rear addition to store, $1,500 (Times, January 1, 1869;
1 t 1 Main (bet. 5t~ & 6th) Herald, December 13, 1868).
Thompson & Jones, 128 store addition, $500 (Times, January 1, 1869).
Main
Geo. F. FW, 132 Main three stow addition to store, $4,000 (Times, January 1,
1869).
Wm. L. Bradley Block Henderson & Brandt, fine brick block, six three stow stores starting at corner,
east side Main at 7~ architects each store 21x102, cut stone caps, sills, cut stone cornice
and facings, north four stores owned by Wm. Bradley, then
Wm. Rebman/D. S. Wilson, Mrs. McKenzie, $50,000
(Times, January 1, 1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
Geo. W. Jones, John Keenan, ' adds four stow brick building at the comer of his block to
northwest comer Main & architect/builder accommodate Herald, fronts on 6th, 24x36, $5000 (Herald,
6t~ December 13, 1868).
Junkerman & Haas, east new front, rear additions, and additional stow, $5,000
side of Main between 7th (Times, January 1, 1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
& 8t~
James Kelly, Main addition to store, $600 (Times, January 1, 1869).
between 7th & 8t~
W. R. Gage, east side Clare House hotel improvements, $3,000 (Herald,
Main between 8th & 9th December 13, 1868).
Ryan, foot of Jones slaughter house, 15 Ox 150, stone contract let to Parker &
Lenshaw, break ground December 15, dry laid walls 16 feet
thick (Herald, December 10, 1868).
T. E. Deggendrof, Main frame dwelling, $800 (Times, January 1, 1869).
between 8th 8~ 9th
Ira Hanson, southeast three stow brick store and dwelling, $3,500, Pettibone &
corner Main and 11th Co. to corner storefront, 19x65 (Times, January 1, 1869;
Herald, December 13, I868).
T. Cormolly, Bluff two stow brick shop, 52x32, $6,000 (Times, January 1,
between 8th & 9th 1869).
High School, northwest Henderon & Brandt, Improvements, $3,000 (Times, January 1, 1869; Henderson
comer, Clay & 12t~ architects & Brandt, architects).
M. Young, Clay between two stow brick store/dwelling, $4,000 (Times, January 1,
15t~ & 16® 1869).
C. Jungk, Clay between two stow brick warehouse addition, $2,500 (Times, January
I6th & 17t~ 1, 1869).
A. Stine, Clay between .store addition, $1,200 (Times, January 1, 1869). Extant as
17th & 18t~ 1688 Central
N. Brandt, head of 18~ two stoW brick store and dwelling, $3,000 (Times, January
and Clay 1, 1869).
Mitchell & Scott, Clay frame lumber yard office, $5,300 (Times, January i, 1869;
(HeraM says Iowa, 6th) Herald, December 13, 1868).
and 6th
C. E. Klies, White & 9m twO stoW brick dwelling, two stow brick soda factory,
30x42,behind house, fronting on 9th, $9,500 (Times, January
37
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1, 1869} Herald, December 13, 1868).
F. Trenkle, White & 12~ bakery/saloon addition, 12x24, $600 (Times, January 1,
1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
J. L. Dickinson, Jackson "but in better style" nearly done rebuilding planning mill/sash factory burned
November 17, 1868, two two-story buildings, 40x80,
85x60, $6,000 (Times, January 1, 1869).
D&SC Passenger Depot, largely rebuilt beneath existing roof, $3,000 (Times, January
Jones 1, 1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
Wilcox Railway Hotel, Improvements, addition, $4,000 (Times, January i, 1869).
Jones
J. H. Dann, 1~ Herald, September 2, 1868 states Dunn had built a new
store onthe foundation of the old one~ Additions to store,
$600 (Times, January I, 1869).
C. J. Corkery, 1s~ improvement to shop and store, $400 (Times, January 1,
1869).
Wilson & Ogilby Block, extended back 20 feet, tenants were J. H. Thompson's book
Main Street store, E. H. Moore's drugstore, Fry's hardware (Herald,
August 14, 1868).
Jankerman & Haas, 15-year old drugstore, contract with Wm. Rebman to add
Main two stories and extend back 113 feet to the alley. Will then
be three stories with neat front. Firm owns two lots Main to
Iowa, to soon improve (Herald, July 31, 1868).
Langworthy Block, Main Sadler, Hmnlin & Wagner raise block to three stories
at 6th (Herald, August 14, I868).
Grosvenor & Harger, Enlarge rear of book store by 40 feet (Herald, August 14,
i Main 1868).
A. A. Cooper, 3r° Rebuilt wagon factory burned September 1867, three new
buildings, four story brick with shop basement, 44x56,
frame two story 24x48, two-story bri~k on comer Locust
22x66, $35,000, occupy August 1868 (Times, January 1,
1869; Oldt, p. 164).
Geo. W. Jones, 7~ three story brick, 24x36, $5,000 (Times, January 1, 1869).
between Main and
Locust
C. Germer, 7~h between two story brick, $3,500 (Times, January 1, 1869).
Iowa and Clay
DeGraw & Co., 7u~ & lumber office, $500 (Times, January 1, 1869).
Washington
Clark & Cowles, foot of tnb and pail factory two story frame warehouse, 20x32,
7t~ improvements, $2,000 (Times, January 1, 1869; Herald,
December 13, 1868).
H. Honack & Zehtner, Henderson & Brandt, brick building for coopersmith/blacksmith shop, 45x40,
8~h comer Clay architects $2,500 (Times, January 1, 1869; Henderson & Brandt,
architects).
H. Brinkman, 8~ Henderson & Brandt, two story brick addition to packing house, $3,500 (Times,
between Iowa and Main architects January 1, 1869; Herald, December 13, 1868).
J. Tmdell, 8m and Bluff three story brick wagon manufactory, 43x48, $7,000
(Times, January 1, 1869; Herald, April 29, 1868).
Sager, cor. Bluff& builds double brick on site of People's Theater, next to
Lorimer Trudell's, above (Times, August 14, 1868).
A. Kaiser, foot of 9~ stone addition to mill, two stories, $6,000 (Times, January
1, 1869).
38
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
St. John Episcopal first building, replaced by new building in 1877 (Lyon, p.
Church, 14~ & Main 390).
C. E. Klies, White & 9m two story brick building, 23x36, and two story brick
factory, 30x42, $9,500 (Times, January I, 1869).
Fire, 8~ and Clay fire destroys E. Honack's new brass shop, F. Hosch's one
story front saloon, and Neubauer's two story frame
tenement (Herald, August 5, I868).
Fire, 163 Main, bet. 6m fire destroys first Bishops Block (Herald, September 5,
& 7th streets 1868)
Northwest Stamping had just come to the city from Dunlieth, occupying three-
Metal Factory/Dubuque story brick, capitalized at $50,000, J. K. Graves president,
Metal Stamping Co., destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (Times, December 27, 1868;
white & 5th Herald, December 13, 1868).
Dickinson's Planing Mill destroyed by frre (Herald, November 18, 1868).
Frith's Bone Factory, two separate fires same night (Times, October 13, 1868).
Center Grove House,
Plank Road
Peterson & Christian's destroyed by fire (Times, November 7, 1868).
Shingle Mill
Roger's Block destroyed by fire (Times, July 7, 1868).
1869
Levi Block, Main & 4~ Hendemon & Brandt, 4 txl 18, three stories, double stomfront for wholesale trade,
architects Sampson & Young (Drags) to comer store, Jaeger &
Company (Liquor) in other. Stone caps, sills and lintels,
iron columns, galvanized iron cornice, $12,000 (Herald,
December i6, 1869).
Oglesby Block, east side same, John Bell, this was the first Dubuque building with an iron front,
Main between 6t~ & 7t~ · carpentry, Robert 45xl 13, three stories, two wholesale storefronts, Wemott,
Rogers, supervisor Howard & Co. (crockery) and Christman (dry goods), both
in by Chrislmas, iron front, galvanized iron cornice, used
exterior walls of adjoining buildings, $12,000, :one of the
fmest improvements in the city during the year" (Herald,
December 16, 1869).
Weigle Block, 8~ and Aid. Weigle, 25x80, to be extended to Town Clock building next year,
Main supervisor, "a model three stories, Keller's dry goods in storefront, offices above,
of durability and stone and iron column front, $7,000 (Herald, December 16,
taste" 1869).
Marson Block, Main & John Keenan has 78xl 14, three stories, stone column front, 'the walls are of
2nd contract, will spend unusual thickness, ren~lering the building one of the
winter making strongest and most durable in the city. It is designed
preparations making exclusively for accommodating the wholesale trade," three
casings, doom, to storefronts each with patent hoisting apparatus, $23,000
start in spring (Herald, December 16, 1869).
(Herald, December
t0, 1868)
Edw. Lang~vorthy, Main rebuilding of brick store, three stories after fire last spring,
between 5t~ & 6t~ 21xl i0, Palmer & Bros. (books, music) tenants, $5,000
(Herald, December 16, 1869).
High School, Clay & new Clay St. front, $1,500 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
12th
John Sage, 8m between two story brick, 30x36, $4,000 (Herald, December 16,
Locust & Bluff 1869).
39
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Key City Planing Mill, two story addition, 22x40, $1,800 (Herald, December 16,
8t~ 1869).
John D. Bush, 38-40 tore away stores (storefronts?) and replaced (Herald,
Main December 16, 1869).
J. Cahill, Locust between two stoW frame, $300 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
1st & 2nd
John D. Bush, Iowa, two story brick building, 40x60, $2,000 (Herald, December
between 2nd & 3rd 16, 1869).
Atherton & Walker, brick cooper shop, 20x40, and frame warehouse in the rear,
Iowa between 2~d & 3Td 60x28, $1,800 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
L. M. Hogan, Locust and four two stoW brick tenements, $5,000 (Herald, December
3rd 16, 1869).
J. Michel, Clay between two story brick dwelling, improvements, $850 (Herald,
3ra & 4th December 16, 1869).
L. C. Fuller, 10m & Clay two stoW brick hotel (Herald, December 16, 1869).
Rath & Co., 13~n soap factory,, 1.5 story, 32x50, $1,500(HeraId, December
16, 1869).
Chas. Bittman, Clay two brick stores, two stories, 3 Ix40, $5,000 (Herald,
between 14th & I5th December 16, 1869). Extant as 1460-64 Central.
Young, Clay between two stoW brick store and dwelling, $4,000 (Times, January
I5th & 16th 1, 1869).
Matthias Flick, Clay shop addition, 18x24, $400 (Times, January 1, 1869;
between 15th & 16th Herald, December 13, 1868).
Wm. Pirt, Clay between three stoW brick store, 26x26, $2,000 (Herald, December
17th & 18th 16, 1869).
Sol Turck, cor. 4~ & two stoW brick 32x56, for hotel/boarding house, $7,000
White (Herald, December 16, 1869).
Weston, Burch & Co., lumber office, 16x24, two stories, frame, $800 (Herald,
l0th December 16, 1869).
Dubuque Cabinet two stoW brick engine room with drying rooms, 20x28,
Makers Asso., 10th & $1,400 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
Jackson
John McCoy, Julien two stoW brick, 25x50, $3,500 (Herald, December 16,
I869).
Lorimer House, 8u~ & thoroughly overhauled, $3,175 (Herald, December 16,
Bluff 1869).
Dr. J. W. Finley, improvements, 41,000 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
northeast comer, 7th &
Main
Marshall Emerson, Rebuilding of Northwestern Metal Stamping Co. burned out
White between 4t~ & 5t~ last December, $3,000 plus new machinery, $22,000
(Herald, December 16, 1869).
Huber & Co., 18TM & three stow frame furniture manufactory, 36x32, $3,000
Washington (Herald, December 16, 1869).
Oeo. Rath, Clay between 2.5 stow brick store, 30x34, $4,500 (Tribune, December 21,
12th & 13th 187I; Herald, December 17, 1871).
J. L. Dickinson, Jackson planning mill improvements, two stow main bldg., 33x80,
between 9th & i0th L 62x31 also two stories, engine room 20x30, lumber shed
40x100, $10,000 (Herald, December 16, 1869).
Herancourt's Furniture destroyed by fire (Times, October 22, 1869).
Factory
Lyon Palmer & Aiken fire loss (Times, May 8, 1869).
40
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1870
Julien Theater Bldg, theater remodeled for use by Masons, $2,500 (Herald,
Locust, comer 5th. December 18, 1870). Times, December 18, 1870 costs at
$4,000.
Wm. Newman, Locust brick stables, 4800 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
between t ~ and 2~a
Judge Butts, Main bet. warehouses, repairs $1,500 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
Dodge and 1~ Times, December 18, 1870 costs at $3000.
Edw. McLane, Main cor. three story double brick, $4,000 (Herald, December 18,
tst 1870). Times, December 18, 1870 costs as $5,000.
Cushing & Fleeher, 3m at ice house and brick barn, 136x70, 24' high, $4,000, barn
Iowa and Clay 60x40, $3,000 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
Bradley's block, new underp~rmings in rear, mar addition, $1,900 (Herald,
December 18, 1870).
Peter A. Lorimer, Bluff two story brick, $4,500, excavations for mom buildings,
between 8t~ & 10~ $1,500 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
G. Becker, Main, three story addition, improvements to wholesale clothing
between 5th & 6th house, $2,000 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
Geo. Rath, 12t~ between brick pork packing house, one story, $1,000 (Herald,
Iowa and Clay December 18, 1870).
Thomas Levens, 9TM near one story office block, $1,500 (Herald, December 18,
Main 1870).
F. Mertz, Iowa near 7TM small frame gnnshop (Herald, December '18, 1870).
Edw. Langwvo~thy, east "combine ~eat three story store, 21xl i3, $5,000, also new French Plate
side (110-12) Main, near strength ofcotumn glass storefrunt on adjoining store (Herald, December 18,
6~ and architectural 1870).
beauty"
Steiner & Zust, 108 similar to Langworthy's, not as long, $4,000 (Herald,
Main, two doors south of December 18, 1870).
above
M. J. King, Main & 6~ new rear to fire damaged store (Herald, December 18,
1870).
Grosvenor & Harger new storefront, $700 (Herald, December 18, 1870).
Dr. J. W. Finley, Main "one of the finest room made for the new building by "one of the burnings
between 7th & 8t~ stores in the city" this season" $8,000, Times costs as $8,500, describes as
three story brick store, 23xl 14 (Herald, December 18,
1870; Times, December 18, 1870).
Glover& Smock, C. foundation laid for construction in 1871, to cost $12,000,
Whitaker Block, next to reported June 1871 as almost ready, "one of the most
above magnificent business buildings in the state," (Herald,
December 18, 1870; Times, June 17, 1871).
Mrs. Sullivan, Main & foundation laid for large brick building (Herald, December
6t~ 18, 1870).
B. B. Richards, Mrs. T. thee single story brick offices, 32x42, $1,500,
Levins, 9t~ bet. Main and completed in August 1870, court case in 1873 challenged
Locust levying of property taxes on new building for whole year
(Herald, May 27, 1873; Times, December I8, 1879).
Dubuque Lumber Co., two new lumber mills, one of which used foundation built
foot of Locust for a box factory, 44x84 feet, $20,000, the other used a
burned mill foundation (May fire), 50x180 with 25x40
wing, used 5,000 perch of stone and 100,000 brick, $25,000
41
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
(Times, December I8, 1870).
Robert Waller, Locust, row of four-story brick stores, 80x52, $6,000 (Times,
' cor. 1~ December 18, 1870).
J. P. Sullivan, Main three-story brick store, 20x45, $4,500 (Times, December 18
1870).
Geo. Wilde, 72 Main, ~mprovements on store, $500 (Times, December 18, I870).
cot. 4t~
M. J. King, 115 Main, same, $600 (Times, December 18, 1870).
bet. 5th & 6th
G. Becker, Main bet. 5~ improvements on building, $2,000 (Times, December 18,
& 6th 1870).
Grosevnor & Harger, improvements on store, $1,000 (Times, December 18,
14i Main, bet. 5th & 6th 1870).
Wm. Rebman, Main bet. two three-story brick stores, and third story to double
l0th & 11t~ tenement dwelling, $14,000 (Times, December 18, 1870).
High School Building, improvements, additions, $2,500 (Times, December 18,
Clay and 12th 1870).
G. Rath, Clay cor. I2m single story large brick chandlery and packing house,
$1,500 (Times, December 18, 1870).
A. Stiner, Clay cor. 17th improvements on store/dwelling, $250 (Times, December
18, 1870).
H. Reil, Clay cor. I8m improvements on building, $250 (Times, December 18,
1870).
Platt Smith, White cor. coal storehouse, $350 (Times, December 18, 1870).
4th
Knapp, Stout & Co., lumber storehouse, $350 (Times, December 18, 1870).
Wahsin~on cor. 8th
Ingram, Kennedy & brick office, 20x28, $900 (Times, December 18, 1870).
Day, Jackson cor. 7th
J. P. Scott, Jackson cor. planning mill replacing burned one, frame, 70x40, $5,800
18th (Times, December 18, 1870).
Cushing & Fischer, 3~° two ice houses, 70x125 each, two story brick barn, $6,000
cor. Iowa (Times, December 18, 1870).
Clake & Cowles, 7t~ three frame storehouses, 20x70, 20x54, 20x17, $1,500
below Washington (Times, December 18, 1870).
T. Delco, 7~ bet. Iowa addition on building, $1,600 (Times, December 18, 1870).
and Clay
G. Germer, 7TM cor. Iowa amprovements on building, $800 (Times, December 18,
1870).
F. Metz, 7TM Cor. Iowa one story frame, $1,800 (Times, December 18, 1870).
Bishop Hermessey, 7~ two story brick, $1,200 (Times, December 18, 1870).
bet. Main and Locust
Fischer & Co., 10TM bet. frame factory, $1,200 (Times, December 18, I870).
Washington and Jackson
Peaslee's Ale Brewery i partly destroyed by fire (Times, January' 27, 1870)
Julien Hotel Stables destroyed by fire, five horses lost (Times, March 27, 1870)
Weston Burch & Co. : destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (Times, August 18, 1870).
Lumber Yard
Dubuque Lumber Yard destroyed by fire, 4,000,000 feet of lumber consumed
(Herald,, October ~, 1870). Times reports ~,ang of
firebugs" March 30, 1870.
Dubuque Lumber Yard mill destroyed by fire (Times, April 30, 1870).
42
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Commercial Hotel, 8~ & destroyed by fire (Times, May 31, 1870).
Bluff
"whole row of destroyed by fire (Times, June 11, 1870).
buildings," 11th & Bluff
Tenement house, 4TM & destroyed by fire (Times, August 2, 1870).
Clay
Dickinson Livery Stable destroyed by fire (Times, August 2, 1870).
Mulligan's Wholesale destroyed by fire (Times, February 20, 1870).
Liquor Store/Dunn's
Grocery
Hat factory, Stimming & destroyed by fire (Times, April 30, 1870).
Langmeier
Mrs. R. Johnson's destroyed by fire (Times, November 8, 1870).
boarding house
Manning Boarding destroyed by fire (Times, November 18, 1870).
House, 4t~
Howard Drug, 4m & destroyed by fire (Times, September 28, 1870).
Bluff
Mrs. J. Sullivan, group destroyed by fire (Times, November --, 1870).
of buildings
Grocery, liquor store, damaged by fire (Time, s November 15, 1870).
hotel, Lower Main
Block, 4~h & Main partly destroyed by fire (Times, November 15, 1870).
Weston, Burch & Co. destroyed by fire (Times, August 18, 1870).
Lumber Yard
Three buildings burned, destroyed by fire (Times, August 31, 1870).
700's block of Main
Key City Planing Mill destroyed by fire (Times, August 24, 1870).
and dwellings
1871
R. Cox, Cox Block, cor. new storefront, iron pillars, French plate glass (Times, July
5~ & Main 12, 1871).
J. Sayer, White between brick store, 26x60, two stories, $8,000 (Tribune, December
11th & 12~ 20, 1871).
R. G. Yates, Main brick store, 16x96, two stories, $2,500 (Tribune, December
between 1st& 2nd 20, 1871).
A. Kemler, Main brick block, 21xl I3, two stories, $4,000 (Tribune,
between 1N & 2nd December 20, 1871).
John Mulligan, Main & "in the Italian style" three brick storefronts, 70xt 14, three stories, $18,000
1st (Tribune, December 20, 1871; Herald, December 17, 1871).
John Kries, Main brick store, 24xl 13, three stories, $5,000 (Tribune,
between 1st & 2nd December 20, 1871).
Heirs ofF. E. Bissell, repmrs on residence, $4,000 (Tribune, December 20, 1871).
Main between 1st & 2nd
Richard Hinds, Main, brick store, 22xl 13, two stories, $4,500 (Tribune, December
between 1a & 2nd 20, 1871).
Coates & Waters, Main, two brick stores, 21x114, 43xl 14, two stories, $12,000
between 1~t & 2nd (Tribune, December 20, 1871; Herald, December 17, 1871).
Andrew & Tredway John Keenan, replaces "rickety flame mid-year, secures Commemial Bank
Block, 92 Main between architecffhnilder, as tenant, brick with stone front, 22xl 14, 11-feet high
4~ & 5th "have put their block basement, ground level 13.5 feet high, upper two floors
Iin stylish outfit," each 12~ feet high, partial third floor, second story entered
43
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Duane & Roy stone from 5TM Street, banking level apparently below grade level,
cutters, Joliet stone extensive remodel, three story triple storefront block
with chamfered extended to alley, bank and hard~vare fronts faced with
edges. Joliet marble, "rich" galvmaized iron cornice and tin roof,
upper stories "will have more space between joints and the
roof will be raised nine feet to make the required room,"
quarters for Commercial National Bank, Merchants
National Bank, $17,800, I4x17 masonry vank for
Commercial bank in cellar, $4,900, also put new front on
entire corner block front "of the same architecture and the
same kind of stone employed in the new [bank] building,
two buildings between #92 and 5th also to be immediately
rebuik, floors raised to match, hold Anderw & Tredway's
hardware store and Mechant's Bank., $7,000 (Herald,
August 25, December I7, 1871; Tribune, December 20,
1871; Times, July 9, August 3, 25, 1871).
A. McCann, Cabinet glass front on warehouse, $1,350 (Tribune, December 20,
Makers Asso., Main 1871).
between 4~ & 5th
Andrew, Pelan & improvements on 114x44, three story building, new stone
· th
Wilson, Mmn & 5 Joliet marble front, improvements, $10,000 (Herald,
December 17, 1871).
V. Langworthy, Main brick block, 40x118, three stories, glass front, $6,000
between 5th & 6th (Tribune, December 20, 1871)~
Geo. W. Jones, Main & glass front $2,000 (Tribune, December 20, 1871).
6t~
Mrs. E. Sullivan, Main two brick stores, 22xl 14, three stories, galvanized iron
& 6th cornice, $12,000 (Tribune, December 20, 1871; Herald,
December 17, 1871; Herald, December 17, 1871).
Wilson & Oglesby, Main glass front, $2,000(Tribune, December 20, 1871).
between 6t~ & 7t~
Bradley & Wilson, Main glass front, $700 (Tribune, December 20, 1871).
between 6~b & 7t~
James Levi, Main & 7~ "one of the finest brick store, 32xl 13, three stories, Joliet marble, French
brick blocks in the Plate glass front, galvanized iron cornice and crowning
city" columns, $12,000 (Tribune, December 20, 1871; Herald,
December 17, 1871).
Wm: C. Bradley, "put cornices on his galvanized iron cornice, $2,000 (Tribune, December 20,
Bradley Block, Main & brick block, 1871; Herald, December 17, 1871)~
7t~
C. Whittaker, Main in "a fine appearance" three stories, 32xl 13, brick, Joliet sone and cornice,
the block above Levi $15,000 (Herald, December 17, 187I).
building, between 7t~ &
8th
J. R. Waller Block, Main John Keenan, three story brick, stone basement, best French Plate glass
& 9th architect/builder, front, 34x70, double storefront, "when completed will be a
"wholly of brick laid decided improvement to the uptown portion of Main street,"
in the best form of galvanized iron cornice, $9,500 (Tribune, December 20,
ornamentation brick 1871; Herald, August 30, December 17, 1871).
are capable of'
Wm. Rebman, Main three story- brick block, triple storefront, glass fronts,
between 10~ & 11t~ $12,000 (Tribune, December 20, 1871).
John McCoy, Julien near brick store, 25x50, two stories, $3,000, finished in July,
44
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Bluff, just above
Lorimer House
Julian Theater, Locust
between 5th & 6th
Cthasper Germer, Iowa &
Dubuque Mfg. Co.,. L.
Dickinson & Co.,
Washington between
l0th & llth
E. Candwick, First near
Main (behind Mulligan's
new block)
?. A. Gniffke, Sixth
between Main & Locust
J. Mullany, 6tn between
Main & Locust
Geo. Zumhoff, Clay &
4th
Grocery/Tredway's
Hardware
three factories and five
dwellings
Fockler Brewery
Farmer's Home &
Stables, 1st Street
Dubuque Cabinet
Makers Asso., and other
businesses, Main Street
'~very handsome brick
structure"
"built in the best style
of architecture"
would sell (Tribune, December 20, 1871; Times, July 28,
1871).
improvements, $550 (Tribune, December 20, 1871).
brick business block and dwelling, 40x40, $6,000 (Tribune.
December 20, i871).
addition, improvements, $2,000 (Tribune, December 20,
1871).
brick block, 40x50, three stories, $7,000 (Tribune,
December 21, 1871; Herald, December 17, 1871 ).
National Demokrat Building, two stories, brick, 22x34.
$2,500 (Tribune, December 21, 187 I; Herald, December
17, 1871).
brick block, 68x63, three stories, includes Times office and
residence, $13,000 (Herald, December 17, 1871).
brick addition to pack'mg house, $3,000 (Herald, December
17, 1871).
destroyed by fire (Times, January 17, 1871 ).
deslroyed by f'rre (Times, December 13, 1871).
destroyed by fire (Times, April 20, 21, 1871
destroyed by fire (Times, May 23, 1871).
destructive fire, (Times, October 3, 1871).
Wilcox's Railway Hotel destroyed by fire (Times, November 30, 1871).
1872
C. W. Tyler, Jones & C. John McCoy, builder 1.5 story frame coffeehouse, $750 ITimes, November 23,
I. C.R.R. 1872).
J. E. Fairbanks & Co.,
2nd between Main,
Locust
John Keenan,
architect, builder
John Lucas, Locust
Wailer Estate, SE comer
9th & Main
Waters Bros/Waters &
Coates, 8th & Locust
John Keenan,
architect/builder "a
valuable improve-
ment to that part of
the street
brick addition to bakery, two stories, 30x?, $3,800 ( Times,
November 23, 1872).
three story' brick block, 3 lx23, $3,500 (Times, November
23, 1872).
sought to improve comer, had architect prepare plans and
cost estimates, owners hired Keenan to build, building to be
wholly of brick, highly ornamental, double storefront,
whole measures 34x70, windows of the best French Plate
glass "in conformity with the role that seems to have been
established this season on Main street." To be ready by
early December (Herald, August 30, 1871).
three story four storefront brick block, plate glass front,
$10,000 (Times, November 23, 1872; Herald, November
24, 1872).
45
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Carr, Austin & Co., three story frame warehouse, 40x80, $6,000 (Times,
Main Street Extension November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
George Mullet, Main, three story brick addition to rear, plate glass storefront,
near Key City House Myers & Tice, tenants, $2,800 (Times, November 23, 1872).
Thos. Sullivan, first John Keenan, three story brick store, 20x45, $2,950 (Times, November 23,
street above Main (?) arch/builder 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
Wm. Law on, Main new' store front, $700 (Herald, November 24, 1872).
between 1st & 2nd
Thompson & Raedath, interior store improvements, $2,000 (Herald, November 24,
Main between 2nd, 3r~ 1872).
Myers, Tice & Co., Main store addition, new front (Times, November 23, 1872).
between 3~d and 4th
G~o. Willett, Main "finished up in the addition, storefront, $2,800 (Herald, November 24, 1872).
between 3rd & 4th latest style with
French Plate glass"
Arthur McCann, Main John Keenan, four story store, 114x21.5, replaces store burned a year or
between 4th & 5th architect/builder two ago, $7,000/$9,000, also repairs to old building $500
(Times, November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
R/chard Cox, Main, same likely replaces fire damaged building, Keenan did plans for
between 4tl~ & 5th both Cox and McCann, fine brick block, three stories,
21.5xl 14, $8,000 (Herald, November 24, 1872).
Mrs. C. Herancourt, same, "comely brick three story plate glass front, 24xl 14, $6,000 (Times,
Main, between 4tl~ &; 5th block...iron copings November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
and galvanized iron
cornice"
John Bell & Co., Main new store, $600, Bell was tenant finn in collapsed Town
between 4th & 5th Clock Building (Herald, November 24, 1872).
Ms. E. Sullivan, Main & improving third story of brick block, $700 (Herald,
6th November 24, 1872).
Thos. Connolly's John Keenan, four stories plus basement, 91x113, $25,000 (Times,
CanSage Factory, 7th & architect/builder, November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
Iowa "massive walls...a
bulwark of
prosperity"
A. Levi, Mah~ & 7In "a rival in three story, 60x113, marble front, plate glass, galvanized
architecture of iron cornice, "balustrade arching the fronts," '~he exterior
Connolly's Block finish is very beautiful," $60,000 (Times, November 23,
[just below same]" 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
Peoples' Savings John McCoy, "lifting and repairing," $1,000, total $3,500 (Times,
Bank/Jones Block, Main contractor November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
between 6th & 7t~
Sheffield & Rider/Ryder, "handsomest piece of marble front block, grouted basement, 52xl 13, three stories,
Main between 7t~ & 8th architecture in the $24,000 (Times, November 23, 1872; Herald, November
city...it had elegant 24, 1872).
marble fronts
designed after the
Corinthian order,
with plain glass
windows, and the
latest style of cornice
capping its beauty"
George D. Wood/Town [ three story brick, on site of old town clock building,
46
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Clock Building, Main $18,000, 5 lx114, 60' high town clock tower with
between 8~ & 9t~ galvanized iron cornice, $7,500 (Times, November 23,
1872; Herald, NOVember 24, 1872).
H. Pleins, Main between in same line as above, throe stow brick block, 70x26.5,
8~ & 9t~ plain front, $7,000 (Herald, November 24, 1872).
F. Weigle, Main between "well finished...a three story brick block, on old site of Gen. Booth's
8t~ & 9th decided improvement property, 40x20, adjoins Clock Tower block, $4,000 or
to the street" 6,000 (Times, November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24,
1872).
Richard Cox, Herald John Keenan, one story double storefront block, 41x34, $2,800 (Times,
says 9th between Main & architecffbuilder November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
Locust, Times says Main
above 9th'
J. G. LaNicos/or M. Herald says three stow brick block, 60x21, Times says two
LaNieca, Iowa between story drugstore, 20x60, with glass front, $3,000 (Times,
12~ & 13 ~ November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
C. Luther, Clay near small cigar store, one stow block, $1,200 (Times, November
13~, between 12~& 13~ 23, i872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
S. Eichman, Clay two story brick store, 20x78, $3,800(Herald, November 24,
between 17th& 18~ 1872).
Kampf & Stout & Co., two lumber sheds, $2,000, office, and improvements on
Washington & 8th Pine St. property between 8th ~; 9th, $19,000 (Times,
November 23, 1872; Herald, November 24, 1872).
Moore's Mill and other destroyed by fire (Times, October 30, 1872).
buildings
Kempf's Brewery, destroyed by fire (Telegrat~h, September 13, 1872).
Southern Avenue
Nick Ryan's Store, Main destroyed by fire (Times, November 26, 1872).
Cannon House, 3r° & historic, built 1834, destroyed by fire (Times, October 3,
Main I872).
Myers-Tice Tobacco destroyed by fire (Times, July 26, 1872).
Factory
Tobacco Factory, Plein's destroyed by fire (Times, February 13, 1972).
Store and others
Town CloCk Building, Former brick church converted to store, collapses under
Main north of 8~ weight of town clock, regional news stow (Clinton Age,
May 3I, 1872).
1873
Ira Hanson, Main & 11m "a tasty block" double storefront, three stories, 32x40, stone finish, $7,000
(Herald, November i 1, 1873).
John D. Bush, Main remodels brick block, $1,200 (Herald, November 11, 1873).
between 7~ & 8~
Mrs. Eliz. Thomas, Main improvements on block, $100 (Herald, November 11,
& 8~ 1873).
H. W. Sanford, Main same, $2,000 (Herald, November I 1, 1873).
between 8~ & 9t~
J. Wood & Co., Main & same $500 (Herald, November 11, 1873 ).
10t
Richard Bonson, 62-64 John Keenan, three story block, 43xl 14, for Wm. C. Chamberlain,
Main, between ? & 4th contractor hardware and seed (established 1855), double storefront,
basement and sub-basement, wareroom apartments up,
street front finished with cut stone, massive iron columns
47
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
and French glass, $15,000, (see woodcut in architectural
section below) (Herald, May 30, November 11, 1873;
February 17, 1874).
Mrs. Eliz. Ogilby, Main three story' business block, 23xl 14, stone copings, French
between 6th & 7th plate glass, $7,000 (Herald, November 11, 1873).
Clock Tower Building, clock tower finished, clock installed, $3,000 (Herald,
Main between 8th & 9th November I 1, 1873).
Jacob Michel, Main "pure grace and block, 21x114, three stories, front laid in cut stone,
between 5t~ & 6th attractiveness" elaborate cornice and balustrade, plate glass, cylindrical
unrivalled in new iron pillars "stud the front door" $11,500 (Herald,
buildings this year November 11, 1873).
W. W. Woodworth, most expensive four stow addition, fronts on 2na (Herald, November 11,
Julian Hotel, Main & 2nd 1873).
Turner Hall, Iowa & 14TM "marked housed in former Northwest Carriage Works, apparently
improvement of the rebuilt, "now an enduring structure of frame and brick,"
year" 102x54, $7,000 (Herald, November 11, 1873).
Kinder & Luger, Iowa two stow brick saloon, 38x40, with wing 12x14, $3,500
and ? (Herald, November 11, 1873).
A. Vogel, Clay & 17~ brick store, 42x28, two stow, $2,800 (Herald, November
11, 1873).
Jefferson House stable, addition (Herald, November 11, 1873).
White between 6a~& 7th
Dr. Geo. M. Staples, 5~n improvement of brick building on alley corner for office,
between Main, Locust $300 (Herald, November 11, 1873).
Prindle & Truesdelt, 5~ improvements, cooper shop, $I00 (Herald, November 11,
& White 1873).
Tom Cormolly, 7~ & improvements on carriage fact6ry, $500 (Herald, November
Iowa 11, 1873).
W. H. Peabody, 7m & remodeling brick building $1,500 (Herald, November 11,
Locust 1873).
A. R. Sullivan, 8tn & two stoW brick block, 78x5i, four storefronts, $7,000,
Locust improving adjoining building, $1,100 (Herald, November
1I, I873).
Fred Weigle, 8m & Main three story additon to block, 32x40, $4,500 (Herald,
November 11, 1873).
John D. Bush, 8m, "Old improvements, $500 (Herald, November 11, 18737.
Trudell Block"
Andrew Merry, Julien brick store, 28x83, two stories, $2,000 (Herald, November
and Bluff 11, 1873).
Herald Building Heer & Nascher, three stories, 83x84, briqk with modest stone copings,
architects "plain and unpretentious in architecture, there is no dash or
romantic design, but a substantial red flanking of brick each
way..." still underway (Herald, November 11, 1873).
Kaiser's Vinegar Factory destroyed by fire (Times, March 9, 1873).
Davie's Saloon, destroyed by fire (Times, May 14-15, 1873).
Newburgh Pain Shop
Frith's Bone Factory, destroyed by fire (Times, October 4, 1873).
Plank Road
1874
J. L. Dickinson & Co., new machine shop, foundry (45x70), blacksmith shop
Washington & l0th (35x50), engine room (12x30), has been burned out two or
three times, all brick, corrugated iron roof, main building
48
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
50x140, two stories with 20x20 L, $15,000 (Herald,
November 22, 1874).
Judge Wilson, Globe W.L. Bradley, '~the southern half [?] has been swept away to make room
~Iall Building, 5~ & contractor, "one of for a palatial business block," 2 lx113, three stories back to
Main the most important alley, from of Lamonite marble and cut stone, elaborate
and elegant cornice and balustrade (by Tom Hermey), offices on second
unprovements on floor
Main Street"
Bradley Block W.L. Bradley, ~mproved brick residence behind block, $1,000, installed
contractor five plate glass fronts on block, $3,000 (Herald, November
22~ 1874).
Masonic Hall, 5~ same new cornice and gutters. $500 (Herald, November 22,
1874).
Martin Carroll, 1s~ & new front on three-story block $1,500 (Herald, November
Jones 22, 1874).
Manson Block, 2~ & new plate glass front, $1,200 (Herald, November 22, 1874).
Main
County Jail, Iowa female prisoner addition, six cells, 17x40, $6,000 (Herald,
November 22, 1874).
Capt. J. W. Parker & frame warehouse, $2,000 (Herald, November 22, 1874).
Son, 2nd & Iowa
Simplot Bros., l~t & two story brick block, 4 Ix51, storefronts, $3,000 (Herald,
Iowa November 22, 1874).
Peter Western, American three story brick addition, $4,000 (Herald, November 22,
House, White 1874).
L. C. Fuller, Fuller brick addition to hotel, 23x32, three stories and attic, $2,000
House, 9~ & Clay (Herald, November 22, 1874).
Central Market House, John McCoy, builder new roof $500 (Herald, November 22, 1874).
Clay & 13~
Engine House, 4~ & (Oldt, p. 175).
Locust
Third Ward School, Clay same same, $370 (Herald, November 22, 1874).
& 12~
Dickinson Foundry destroyed by fire (Herald, September 4, 1874).
John S chreiner destroyed by fire (Times, June 16, 1874).
residence, 3rd and Main
Hackalt's greenhouse destroyed by fire (Times, January 6, 1874).
Finley Block, 7TM and destroyed by fire (Times, October 2, 1874).
Main
Mattress factory, (Joe destroyed by fire (Times, March 4, 1874).
Rhomberg), 6th
M. S. Robinson Block, destroyed by fire (Times, November 4, 1874).
Dubuque Harbor Co.
Gleed's Malt House, 1 ~ destroyed by fire (Times, December 5, 1874).
Ward
Congregational Church, French Romanesque new steeple, $6,000 (Herald, November 22, 1874).
10th & Locust
Episcopal Church, English Gothic, $35,000, very extensive foundation of bluff stone, Farley
Henry M. Langdon, stone trim, cruciform plan (Herald, November 22,1874).
New York, architect
John Bell, shop in rear of (Herald, January 29, 1874).
postoffice (Customs
49
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1875
D. H. Conningham & W. "the most prominent three stories, double storefront, 20xl 10 each, elevators and
H. Peabody, Main business block modem improvements, brick, "built in a plain, neat and
between 4th & 5th erected this season," substantial manner," "This block fills an unsightly gap that
John Keenan, existed a long time between the Woodworth block and
architect, Frick Herancourt's fine three stow furniture warehouse," 250,000
contractor, W.H. brick, $I3,000 (Herald, October 31, i875).
Schilling, brick
contractor, Schulte &
Wagner, cut stone
and foundation work
Eagle Building, 9~ & "of the Main Street $15,000, "at once imposing and showy, and remarkably free
Main buildings completed from superfluous or tawdry ornamentation or veneering,"
this year none are 20x114, massive and solid cut stone fagade (Lemoni stone),
more solid, tasteful first and second stories have "exquisitely carved" columns,
and elegant," "it (Herald, October 31, 1875).
combines the elegant
simplicity of the
Renaissance with the
more elaborate and
imposing Corinthian
ornamentation," Heer
& Nascher,
architects,
Broadhurst, brick
mason, las. Green,
carpentry
[Dr.] Finlay Block, Main John Keenan, "upon the rains of the old Findlay tinderboxes, which were
& ? architect and builder, razed by fire last fall," three stories, plain brick front, four
M. Parker brick occupied storefronts, second floor offices (Pollock &
contractor Shields, lawyers), remainder houses Baylies Commercial
College, 64x32, $12,000 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
Duncan & Waller Block, Mullany & Head, two stories with basement, 32x28, "a beautiful and
5th in rear of First architect/builders, N. imposing brief building, elegant cut stone front, occupied as
National Bank H. Schilling brick real estate and brokerage office, $3,500 (Herald, October
mason 31, 1875).
las. Rowan Block, Iowa John Keenan, 60' Iowa frontage, double storefront, 218,000 brick, three
architect, N.H. stories, two of apartments, $12,000, (Herald, October 31,
Schilling, brickwork, 1875).
"the finest business
block erected on this
street this past
season,
J. A. Rhomberg, Iowa N.H. Schilling, nnprovements, 75,000 brick, $5,000 (Herald, October 31,
contractor 1875).
Wm. Ryan, Iowa improvements to block, $1,600 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
Simplot Bros., Pacific two stories, brick, $6,000 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
Hotel, Iowa
Western House, Iowa Heer & Naescher, new brick barn, $1,600 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
architects/builders
M. Brandt, Clay new front, improvements, $300 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
Harmony Hall, Clay Heer & Naescher, new- front and new stow, $2,000, new' brick barn, two
50
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
architects/builders stories, $1,400 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
1564 Central Assessor dates to 1875, two stories, 18x36, extant as same
address.
Brunskill, 8TM the street claims "one first half of planned block, the second will extend to Bush
of the finest business property, 5 lx46, three stories, brick with elegant cut stone,
blocks in the city," $13,000 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
M. Parker, brick
mason, John McCoy,
carpentry work,
superstmcture by
Mulholland
Coates & Waters, 8TM new front, $800 (Herald, October 31, 1875).
Iowa Lumber Co. sawmill destroyed by fire (Herald, November 20, 1875).
Peacock's Liquor destroyed by fire (Times, February 26, 1875).
Store/O'Brien Oat Meal
Factory., Lower Main
Connolly Carriage destroyed by fire, "one of worst fires" (Times, January 12,
Factory 1875).
Connolly Carriage temporary quarters, again destroyed by fnce (Times ,June 30,
Works 1875).
Rhomberg BloclURyan destroyed by fire (Times, August 15,1 7, 1875).
Building
1876
Blumenauer Heer & Nascher, have plans for new building (Nat. Demokrat, January 13,
architects 1876).
Cooley same have plans for new building (Nat. Demokrat, January 13,
1876).
Peaslee same have plans for new building (Nat. Demokrat, January 13,
1876).
Bernard Kistler, Main Heer & Naescher, "no building in the city is built stronger or furnished better,"
between 9th & 10th architects, Jas. Roy, marble front, French plate glass, galvanized iron cornice, tin
stonework, Klauer & roof, stone sidewalk, cistern, water closets, rear porch,
Henney, iron work, double storefront with cellars, rear entrances in basement,
"all of the most store and hall on ground, second floor residence, third floor
modern style" hall 25x70, $7,800, to house jewelry shop, nearly done mid-
October (Herald, December 2, 1876; Nat. Demokrat, June
1, October 12, 1876).
R. Langworthy, Main improvements to store, $5,000 (Herald, December 2, 1876).
John Phalen, Main Addition to store, $2,000 (Herald, December 2, 1876).
Novelty Iron Works, 10m $6,000 (Herald, December 2, 1876).
1672 Central Assessor dates to 1876, two stories, 21x40, extant.
Goffette & Co. Ladder destroyed by fire (Times, June 22, 1876).
Factory, Jones & Main
Brighton House, Lower destroyed by fire (Times, August 6, 1876).
Main
Dubuque Lumber Co. "again devastated," mills destroyed by fire (Times, July 23,
1876).
Lamb & Son Mill destroyed by fire (Times, November 16, 1876).
1877
A. Y. McDonald, Iowa old frame residence removed from site (Times, April 12,
between 5th & 6th 1877).
Bennett's Boarding Destruction partly burned some months ago, a landmark, to be replaced
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
House, below 1 st & Main with new block (Times, April 13, 1877).
Schloth Brothers Meats, Frame building relocated (Times, April 21, 1877).
to Locust and 8th
Eighmey & Waller $25,000 (Herald, December 14, 1877).
Opera House
J. N. Hill, Key City $13,000 (Herald, December 14, 1877).
Hotel
A. Y. McDonald factory, $8,000 (Herald, December 14, 1877).
C. H. Eighmey "two swell fronts," $6,000 (Herald, December 14, 1877).
St. John Episcopal second building, cornerstone laid 1877, completed 1878
Church, 14th & Maba (Lyon, p. 390).
Condon's Tavern, destroyed by fire (Times, January 9, 1877).
O'Brien's Meat Market,
Barn, all 1't Street
John Harper's Saloon, destroyed by fire (Times, November 20-21, 1877).
Fred Callet Saloon
Dubuque Cabinet "another fire," (Times, August 3, 1877).
Makers Asso.
1878
J. D. Bush, Main near new brick warehouse and brick storeS 15,000 (Herald,
Jones January 3, 1879).
Coates & Waters, Main ! double brick storefront, $10,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
between 2nd & 3rd
Geo. Rath, Clay pork packing house addition, $2,500 (Herald, January 3,
1879).
A. W. Hosford, Locust "park livery stable" $12,000, also brick dwelling, on Locust,
& 7th $6, 500 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
P. Pier, Clay new ice house, frame, $1,500 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
Andrew A. Tredway, brick warehouse, $9,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
Iowa
H. W. Sanford Block, improvements on business block, adjoining building
Main including Tremont House, $3,000 (Herald, January 3,
1879).
F. E. Moser, Main & 11TM new store£ront, $400 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
A. A. Cooper, Jones warehouse, $6,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
J. Simplot, Main, double brick store, $15,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
between 4~h & 5th
J. Flynn, Main, 8~ & 9th two brick stores, $6,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
near 9~
lesup & Gray, Main & improvements in sore, $1,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
Mrs. Kennedy, 5~ & rebuilding warehouses, $2,000 (Herald, January 3, 1879).
White Herald January 1, 1880 repeats, $3,000.
Eagle Block rear part destroyed by fire (Times, February 2, ] 878).
Farley & Wolcoot, Key $16,000 (Herald, January 3, I879).
City steam Cracker
Factory, White & 6t~
Burke's Awning i destroyed by fire (Times, January 3, ]878).
Factory, south of town
Fockler's Buggy Top destroyed by fire (Times, August 9, 1878).
Factory, Lower Main
Lembeck's Planing Mill "disastrous fire," destroyed (Times, August 8, 1878).
52
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Kuntz & Scbroeder destroyed by frre (Times, October 13, 1878).
Carriage Factory, junk
house
Tremont House, 8~ "bad fire" (Times, September 17, 1878).
Hough Shingle Mill, I.C. destroyed by fire (Times, June 18, 1878).
Freight House
ICRR Machine/Car destroyed by fire (Times, August 10, 1878).
Shops
Peter Olinger Stables destroyed by fire (Times, September 18, 1878
1879
Palmer, WinalI & Co. new printing house (Herald, October 3, 1879).
A. Y. McDonald enlargement, still not big enough to handle business barrel
factory rebuilt on larger and better scale (Herald, October 3,
1879).
L. D. Randall collar factory (Herald, October 3, 1879).
Caledonia Oat Meal Co., factory erected by owners Schloth Bros. & Gray, ready in
foot of 10th few days, a new industry for Dubuque barrel factory rebuilt
on larger and better scale (Herald, October 3, i879),
$15,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
F. Weigle, SE comer 5m addition to store, $3,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
& Main
R. Waller, Main between brick store, $7,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
3~ and 4t~
Lawther & Sturgeon, improvement on store, $300 (Times, November 16, 1879)
Main bet. 1 st & 2nd
Norwegian Plow Works, "immense" brick structure, $40,000, company relocated
foot of Main from Boscobel, Wisconsin (Times, November 16, 18~9;
Herald, October 3, 1879)
McCullough & Degnan, large brick warehouse, $3,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
Main near Jones
Globe Building, Main marble front, $25,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
bet. 5t~ & 6t~
Langworthy, Main bet. buildings rebuilt, $10,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
5t~ & 6t~
Is~ National Bank, Main addition, improvement, $2,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
W. Ryan, Iowa cor. 12TM three story brick store, 20x75, $3,500 (Times, November 16,
1879)
Palmer, Winall & Co., three story brick, $6,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
Iowa co. 6t~
Rugamer &Ade, Iowa addition on store, $300 (Times, November 16, 1879)
cor. 12e~
Atherton & Company, barrel factory rebuilt on larger and better scale (Herald,
Key City Barrel Factory, October 3, 1879). $10,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
Iowa
Holly Steam Heat main building, nearly three miles of mains $55,000 (Times,
Supply Co., Iowa November 16, 1879; Herald, October 3, 1879).
Pier & Lenehan, Iowa mammoth ice house, $1,200 (Times, November 16, 1879)
cor. 4t~
Farley & Wolcott, White addition to cracker factory, $1,500 (Times, November 16,
1879)
M. Piffner, White brick store house $800 (Times, November 16, 1879)
R. Nolte, Washin~on two-story brick store, $2,000 (Times, November 16, 1879)
53
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Fairbank}s Bakery, 2n° enlarging and new oven $2,000 (Times, November 16,
1879)
Butchers Association large building "in which they prepare their stuff for
shipment" (Herald., October 3, 1879).
Geo. Zfimhoff & Son slaughter house (Heral& October 3, 1879).
Mrs. Kennedy, 4~' rebuilding Prichard's buggy top factory, $2,500 (Times,
November 16, 1879)
Farley & Loetscher, 8~ large brick planning mill, $15,000 (Times, November 16,
1879).
W. W. Can' Sash & Door destroyed by fire (Times, November 4, 1879).8
Factory
W.W. Carr Sash & Door building and stock destroyed by fire (Times, July 23, 1879).
Factory, Thompson &
Randall's Collar Factory
W.W. Carr Sash & Door $100,000 fire (Times, November 4, 1879).
Factory
Entire block, East side of destroyed by fire (Times, January 26, 28, 1879).
Main, owned by
Langworthy
J. H. Baule Grocery, destroyed by fire (Timesi September 14, 1879).
Sanford Block
1880
Moritz Brown, 6m & "big elegant building for trade and manufacturing,"
Locust $25,000, opposite Herald buiding, replaces Lorimer Livery
(Nat. Demokrat, April 29, 1880).
P. Han~mel, Locust store extension, $i,800 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Palmer, Winall & Co., three story brick, $7,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
6th & Iowa
Atherton, Walker & Co., $10,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Key City barrel factory
First National Bank addition, $2,500 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Thos./.W. Ryan, Iowa & three story brick store, 20x75, cut stone, $3,500 (Herald,
12th January 1, 1881).
Langworthy Block, Main repairs, etc., $8,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
F. Weigle, Main & 6m addition to store, $4,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Robert Waller, Main, John Keenan, brick store, $7-8,000 (Herald, January I, 1881).
east side, between 3rd & architect
4th
McCullough & Degnan, brick warehouse, $3,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Main
Globe Building, Main $10,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Norwegian Plow John Keenan, plans, $40,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Factory, below Jones architect
Jefferson House, White improvements, $, 1500 (Herald, January 1, 188 I).
& 7th
Chris Voelker, Clay & new store, $4,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
13th
Farley, Loetscher & Co. , planing mill, $15,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
H. W. Sanford, Iowa two story ro~v, $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
A. Y. McDonald, Iowa pump factory, $12,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
A. A. Cooper, dry kilns and warehouse, $8,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Alex Simplot, improvements on Pacific House, $1,000 (Herald, January 1,
54
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1881).
Andrew & Tredway, brick block, $94,000 (Herald, January I, 1881 ).
Locust
M. Brown, 6~ block, $20,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
German Bank $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Globe Building $15,000 (Herald, January 1, I881).
Farley, Loetscher & Co. $7,500 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
W. W. Worthington, improvements, $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1881).
Julien House
H. W. Sanford, Main improvement on block, $2,500 (Herald, January i, 1881).
Robert Armstrong deslroyed by fire (Times, April 25, 1880).
Carpenter Shop, Julien
Lawrence Block, Dr. destroyed by fire (Times, April 30, 1880).
Gee's Bath House
Dubuque City Mills, 3m deslxoyed by fire (Times, June 17, 1880).
Key City Flour Mill destroyed by fire (Times, June 18, 1880).
1881
Drasden's Sodawater Destroyed Fire loss $6,000 (Herald, June 2, 1881).
factory, 2078 White
Dubuque Cabinet Wm. Rebman, three story addition, 80x50 (Herald, May 25, 1881 ).
Makers Asso, i contractor for
found/excavation
Farley & Letscher immense addition, four stories, 40x52, and new storehouse,
Factory 100x50, to be done in four weeks (Herald, May 20, 1881).
Holz Brick, 18~n & Clay dwelling or block? "in the hands of the lathers" (Herald,
June 14, 1881).
Michel Building, 5TM and Demolished tom town for new building (Times, May 18, 188 i).
Main
Carr, Ryder & Wheeler new plant under construction (Herald, May 21, 1881).
Factory
C. A. Walter, Clay & three story brick, $9,000 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
10®
Norwegian Plow- Works additions to shops $6,500 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
A. A. Cooper repairs, additions to factory, $7,000 (Herald, December 4,
1881).
Dubuque Cabinet new factory building, $12,000 (Herald, December 4, 188 i).
Makers Asso, White &
10th
G. R. Richardson, 3r~ & remodels Grafton House, $3,750 (Herald, December 4,
Bluff 188I).
Waller, Bradley & Co., foundations for three buildings, $800 (Herald, December 4,
Main near 9th 1881).
P. Kiene, Sr., 8m two-story buildings, $3,000 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
W. J. Burns, Jones stores, residences and warehouses, $6,750 (Herald,
December 4, 1881).
T. Altman, Clay near 7~ two story brick building, $5,200 (Herald, December 4,
1881).
M. M. Walker Cooper shop, $7,500 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
J. P. Farley & Sons factory addition, $1,200 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
Thompson & Randall foundation for warehouse, $800 (Herald, December 4,
1881).
Cart, Ryder & Wheeler new- factory, $35,0007 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
55
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
A. Y. McDonald new buildings, $12,000 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
J. Mienel, Main store, $5,000 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
Robert Waller, 1s~ improving Armstrong's factory, $1,500 (Herald, December
4, 1881).
John Huekel, 8~ between shop, $250 (Herald, December 4, 188 i).
Jackson & Washington
A. F. Jaeger, Clay & 19~ store, $4,000 (Herald, December 4, 1881).
1266 Central Assessor dates to1881, 2 Ix70, three stories, extant.
Key City Barrel Factory, Destruction The barrel factory had burned on June 6, 1879. This fire
Carr, Ryder & Wheeler destroyed the factory once again, along with a temporary
Sash Factory, near Julien sash works owned by Can', Ryder & Wheeler. The new
House part of the Julien House was saved by its iron fire
shutters(Herald, May 21, 1881).
Cushing Vinegar Factory destroyed by fire (Times, March 11, 188 i).
Drasda's Soda Water destroyed by fire (Times, June 2, 1881).
Factory, White
Key City Brewery, almost completely destroyed by fire (Times, September I6,
Southern 1881).
1882
J. D. Bush, Main warehouse ($6,000), (Herald, January 1, 1883).
J. D. Bush, Iowa two stores, $3,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
A. A. Cooper, Main improvements on block (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Dubuque Cabinet warehouse, $3,800 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Makers Association
Dubuque White Lead & $10,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
' Paint Co.
Farley & Loetscher $40,000, improvements (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Iowa Coffin Co. $30,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
A. Y. McDonald addition to factory, $20,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Opera House, Main $1,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883 ).
J. V. Rider, Main addition to store, $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Sanford Block, Main improvements, $1,200 (Herald, January I, 1883).
Walter & Eighmey, St. $20,000, J. W. Newburg & Co. occupy new rear addition
Cloud Block, Main (Herald, January 1, July 7, 1883).
M. M. Walker, Iowa two warehouses, $1,600, $2,500 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Bentley's Hot House destroyed by frre (Times, January 18, 1882).
Oat Meal Factory Mill, destroyed by fn:e (Times, September 19, 1882).
foot of 11th
1883
New Linseed Oil, Pain / Speer & Lee have work starts July 9 (Herald, July 8, 1883).
Works, 10t~ & Jackson contract
Miss. Valley Lead, Oil destroyed by fire, $6,000 loss, firemen misdirected,
& Paint Co., Main bet. removed temporarily to 445 White Street, company begins
1~t and Jones new building near 9th & Jackson, to be done in September
(Herald, May 24, 1883).
Peabody residence, almost ready for roof, a "very handsome monument over the
Locust spot which buries many old time memories," on site of
stone church (Herald, May 1, July 7, 1883).
A. J. Patch & Co., foot new engine room, boiler house, enlarge sash & blind
of Main company (Herald, June 8, 1883 ).
John P. Page, 4m & new saloon building, brick hotel, $6,000, opens July
White (Herald, January 1, June 3, July 19, 1883).
56
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
New paper mill steam up first time June 26 (Herald, June 27, 1883).
Omnibus Company, new barn, company to occupy by mid-July (Herald, June
Julian Avenue 21, 1883).
Conger & Jackson, foot new coal sheds, ICRR runs spur line to smue, done by June
of 8t~ (Herald, May 30, June 20, 1883).
John Hartig, SE cor. 5tn gunsmith, three story brick block, $6,000 (Herald, January
& Iowa 1, May 25, 1883).
W. L. Bradley brick warehouse, $12,000 (Herald, January l, 1883).
R. Bennett, Main brick addition to hotel, $3,600, started work July 2, comme
between Jones and 1st in place July 29 (Herald, January 1, July 3, 29, 1883).
H. F. Shepard brick dancing hall and rink, $6,000 (Herald, January 1,
1883).
Key City Furniture Co. addition to factory, $10,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Farley & Loetscher Co. I new boiler house, etc. $27,000, boiler moved to new bldg.
in late July (Herald, January 1, July 25, 1883).
Dubuque White Lead & new factory, $18,000 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Linseed Oil Co.
Wm. Rebman brick block and residence, $13,000 (Herald, January 1,
1883).
Iowa Coffin Co., 15~ addition to factory, four story addition, $5,000 (Herald,
Streets January 1, June 10, 1883).
new National Bank improvements, $3,525 (Herald, Januaw 1, 1883).
Iowa trust & Savings improvements, $3,585 (Herald, January 1, 1883).
Bank
Schreiber, Conchar & new warehouse, three stories, 113 feet long, wholesaler,
Co., Iowa demolish two residences and expand through to Iowa,
warehouse transformed (Herald, July 10, August 2, 1883).
Brick livery barn, Louis Louis Fuller builds, five year lease to Trexler, first class
Trexler, Clay livery stable, new livery from reported in August, to build
elegant livery barn, John and Louis Trexler (Herald, July
10, August 3, 1883).
Pilmeyer, Clay bet. 16~ saloonkeeper erects building for store (Herald, July 12,
& 17t~ 1882).
H. Brinkman, 5~ Ward two story brick store, 20x30, $2,000, for Winder & Stafford,
ready for brickwork (Herald, July I4, 1883)
John Fosselman, north addition for bank vault, "money is plenty in that part of the
end of downtown city, and as downtown banks are far away, a depository is
necessary for the convenience of businessmen" (Herald,
July 19, 1883)
John Deery, Clark and brick store, 20x40, John Kenety, grocer to occupy, nearly
W. Locust (?) done mid-Aug. (Herald, July 20, August 15, 1883).
James Howie, 107-52 7~ two story brick block of six tenements, 58xl 14 (Herald,
July 21, 1883).
James Beach adds third floor to soap factory, "imposing appearance,"
huge new kettle doubles capacity, $50,000 (Herald, July 24,
August 26, 1883).
Peter Geishecker brick block to be ready October 1, brickwork to second
story (Herald, July 25, August 25, 1883).
Iowa near 12m Thos. Ryan demolishes old 1849 landmark to build new
business block (Herald, July 28, 1883).
Jackson & 10~ F.D. Hyde, architect new paint works warehouse, brickJstone, 30x100, three
stories, half for grinding and mixing, half for storage
57
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Dennis (Herald, July 28, 1883).
Smith D.P. Martin, boarding house/saloon, to be done Aug. 15, 14 rooms,
contractor $3,000
4m Street Elevator contract let to Eastern parties (Herald, July 15, 29, 1883).
Mississippi Paint Works destroyed by fire (Times,May 24, 1883).
Hasler Grocery Store, $8,000 tim loss (Times-Journal, May 12, I883).
1603 Clay Street
Dubuque Furniture & disastrous fire (Times, April 29, 1883).
Burial Cases, 18th
1884-30 new business blocks
City fire engine houses $I2,500 (Herald, December 12, 1884).
Key City Furniture Co. brick addition, $7,000 (Herald, December 12, 1884).
H. Clark roller rink, $5,000 (Herald, December 12, 1884).
Thompson & Stearns roller rink, $4,000 (Herald, December 12, 1884).
Rt. Rev. Hennessey brick block, $10,000 (Herald, December 12, 1884).
J. Simones, 1572-94-98 block of four stores, three stories, 47x56, $16,000 (Herald,
Central December 12, 1884), extant as 1570-98 Central.
John D. Bush's new destroyed by fire (Times, October 17, 1884).
bldg., Main
Miller Broom Factory, bad tim (Times, November 4, 1884).
3~a and Iowa
1885
Geo. L. Torbert's Block, Hyde, Architect triple storefront, replaces Torbert's residence, contract let
Iowa and 12th by Hyde mid-February 1886 (Herald, February I3, 1886).
' Block, southwest corner same, also behind James Mullin's block, extends to alley between Iowa
Iowa and 6th owner/builder and Main, 49' frontage on Main, 43' deep, double
storefront, apartments up (Herald, February 13, 1886).
W. G. Waters, Iowa three story brick block, Franklin Hyde, architect (Times,
January 20, 1886).
Peter Klauer, Iowa three story brick store, F. Hyde architect (Times, January
20, 1886).
G. R. Clark, Iowa two story brick store, F. Hyde architect (Times, January 20,
1886).
Wm. Andrews, Main brick block of stores, thre4 stories, F. Hyde architect, James
bet. l0th & 1 lth Howie, contractor (Times, January 20, 1886).
O. Oliver, Clay two story brick store, F. Hyde architect, Martin Heer
builder, $4,000 (Times, January 20, i886).
M. Hoffman, Clay two story brick store, F. Hyde architect (Times, January 20,
1886).
Jos. Witmer ] brick store, amhitect F. Heer, $2,500 (Times, January 20,
1886).
Peter Klauer brick store, F. Heer arcihitect, $1,500 (Times, January 20,
1886).
W. Watson & Co. brick stores, F. Heer architect, $6,000 (Times, January 20,
1886).
Henry Hoffman brick store, F. Heer architect, $5,000 (Times, January- 20,
1886).
Sanford Buildings, Main Improvements, James Howie/builder-architect (Times,
January 20, 1886).
Chr. Voelker, Clay & new store building, 24x40, Martin Heer, architect, $3,000
13th (Times~ January 20, 1886).
W. T. Hollnagel plans drawn, contracts let, for new double store, Martin
58
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Heer, architect, $4,000 (Times, January 20, 1886).
Mr. T. Luck double store, Martin Heer, architect (Times, January 20,
1886).
Cleaver's Soap Factory, destroyed by fire (Times, May 3, 1885).
near Milwaukee Shops
Burn's Grocery, Jones destroyed by fire (Times, February 10, 1885).
1886
East side, south of 9% >ermit for "three bricks" 51x30, $5,000 (Herald, April 18,
Locust, A. Tredway 1886).
1321-37 Clay, 357 13m, three story brick block, storefronts on 13TM, $25,000 (Herald,
John Bell May9, 1886; January 1, 1887).
713 Iowa, "Iowa Block," F. Hyde ~. chitect four story brick warehouse, $15,000, cut down trees in front
W. L. Bradley in October, block nearly completed, to occupy in fall,
7Ix113 (Herald, May 9, 1886; January I, 1887; Times,
January 20, October 2, 1886).
1296 Central Assessor dates to 1886, three stories, 26.5x72, extant.
1290 Central Assessor dates to 1886, three stories, 26.5x72, extant.
Iowa between 12~ & ~mprovements to store, $1,000 (Herald, May 9, 1886;
13®, John Bell January 1, 1887).
Consolidated Tank Line Hyde, architect two story brick warehouse, boiler house, tanks, $13,000
Co, South Main (Herald, May 9, 1886; January 1, 1887).
489 Main, southwest Hyde, architect, done raze foundation of 40-year old landmark (June), largely
coruer, Main & 5% to second floor by done by mid-July, "a credit," remodels three three-story
Richard Cox July, judged brick stores, $8,000. to produce double storefront, Bradley-
"decidedly behind the Rawsons Meats to stay, John McDonald harness, McFadden
times" in style, Cox Bros. and Morrison Bros. to depart, Perry Bros. occupy in
not "one of those September, third floor likely to house Hyde Clark GAR
wide awake citizens Post, "finest quality [plate glass] ever received (September
who advance the 28)" (Herald, March 28, September 29, I886; January 1,
beauty of 1887; Times, June 4, 8, July 16, 25, 27, September 28,
architecture" 1886).
John D. Bush estate, 8~ brick store, $i,000 (Herald, January 1, 1887).
Farley, Loetscher & Co. improvements to factories, $4,000 (Herald, January 1,
1887).
Finley Hotel, 7~ improvements, $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1887).
John Glab, 9t~ factory improvements, $3,500 (Herald, January 1, 1887).
Main & 6% Merchants improvements, $4,000 (Herald, January 1, 1887).
Hotel
955 Main, Chas.. J. Christian Teugle, three story brick store, $5,500, occupied by Noyes Art
Peterson brick mason, Gallery which moves across the street west in October, prop
completes "elegant up Delmonico Reid's sidewall as dig excavation "in order to
pressed brick front..it save the building from a repetition of the memorable town
is the finest front in clock disaster," "finest quality [plate glass] ever received
the city" (July 25) (September 28)" (Herald, May 9, 1886; January 1, 1887;
Times, April 30, July 25, September 28, October 10, 1886).
Main, R. A. Khomberg tmprovements to store, $2,000 (Herald, January 1, 1887).
608 Iowa, E. Somerfield three story brick store/dwelling, $2,200 (Herald, January 1,
1887).
576 Clay, Geo. new brick hotel building a "substantial improvement...one
Schaffi~auser of the best brick buildings in the city" $5,000 (Herald, May
9, 1886; January 1, 1887; Times, July 22, 1886). Extant.
163-97 Iowa, southwest F.D. Hyde, architect four (reported as six stores and dwgs. May 1886) two-story
59
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
comer, Iowa near 12TM, brick stores and dwelling, $10,500, foundation walls nearly
Major Geo. L. Torbert, done mid-April, done mid-November, houses Haas
"Market Block" Dmgstore (Herald, May 9, November I4, 1886; January 1,
1887; Times, April 15, 1886).
Trexler Bros., Clay xmprovements to livery, $1,500, reported as $6,000 in May,
1886 (Herald, May 9, 1886; January 1, 1887).
Levi Block J.F. Van Brant, (Times, April 21, 1886).
contractor
John Bell, Central new storefront (single glass panes replace 9-light windows),
Market store occupied by Putnam & Jones (Times, April 22, 1886)>
former Clark Rink reopens as new opera house May 17, 1886 (Times, April 29,
1886).
John Drehouse, 1557 two story brick shop, $1,200 (Herald, May 9, 1886; January
Clay 1, 1887). Extant as 1557 Central.
Thos. Kelly, 1487 Clay two story brick store/dwelling, $2,430 (Herald, May 9,
I886; January I, 1887). Extant as 1487 Central.
Val Luck, Couler double brick storefront & dwelling, $3,300 (Herald, May 9,
1886).
Geo. Schaetzle, Couler brick store and dwelling, $2,500 (Herald, May 9, i886).
Peter Specht, Couler Heer & Beck, two-story brick store, 68x68, 22x90, $9,000 (Herald, May
architects 9, 1886).
Wm. Hollnagel, Couler brick store and dwelling, $33,600 (Herald, May 9, 1886).
B. Hobi, Couler brick store and dwelling, $i,600 (Herald, May 9, 1886).
Schmid Bros., Couler brick addition, $500 (Herald, May 9, I886).
E. Sommerfiled, Iowa brick store and dwelling, $2,200 (Herald, May 9, 1886).
Jas. Mullen, 6m F.D. Hyde, architect double store and dwelling, $4,500 (Herald, May 9, 1886).
H. Daft, Jackson double brick store and dwelling, $4,000 (Herald, May 9,
1886).
Cushing Vinegar Works engine room destroyed by fire (Times, January 24, 1886).
4m Street Elevator engine house and piazzas destroyed by fire (Times, July 11,
1886).
1887
1618 Clay brick dwelling and store, $3,500 (Herald, November 24,
1887). Extant as 1618 Clay.
Bishop Hennessey's "constructed upon 75.5xl 13, five stories and basement, for two wholesale
Block, 1st & Main ~ modem plans_it will houses, brick and terra cotta, elevators, $35,000 (Times,
i be the best constmc- February 22, 1887; November 24, 1887; Herald, January
ted building of the 30, 1887). It replaces the "old blue barn" once "in the heart
character in the city." of city" when steamboats unloaded "from its rear doors" a
Adam Schmitt has former grain warehouse and later an agricultural depot,
foundation contract 1884 Sanborn Map shows a two-story frame building
(Herald, Feb. --, 1887).
James Mullin, 256 6m two story brick stores and dwellings, $5,000 (Herald,
January i, 1887).
Dr. Staples & Mr. 43xl I3, four stories, modem front (Times, February 22,
Bibber, Main between 1887).
5th & 6tl~
Eighmey to remodel store occupied by Wybrant & Miller (Times,
February 22, 1887).
James Cushing, White brick livery, $4,000 (Times, February 22, t 887).
541-49 Main, Stapler & four story- double brick store, pressed brick, terra cotta front
Vibber, Diamond Block $I2,000/$20,000 (Times, November 24, 1887).
60
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1398 Iowa, Otto Smith I brick store, $2,200 (Times, November 24, 1887).
Clay & 18% G.F. brick stores, $5,000 (Times, November 24, 1887). Extant as
Thorman 1778-90 Central.
Jackson, Michael Brown brick store, $4,000 (Times, November 24, 1887).
1527-33 Central Assessor dates to 1887, three stories, 51x65, extant.
11~ Street Elevator nearly done (Herald, March 15, 1888)
Four lumberyard fires in (Times, November 6, 1887).
four-day period
Wybrant's & Millers bad fire (Times~February 20, 1887).
Shoe Store, Main
Butt;s Blacksmith Shop, destroyed by fire (Times, March 15, 1887).
John Schwenk's
residence
Dubuque Daily Times destroyed by fire (Times, February 6, 8, 1887).
1888
6TM & Main, Illinois Architect Nocquet to house Burlington Division of railroad, Nocquet was a
Central RR office bldg. (railroad architect) Confederate military engineer during the war (Herald,
September 23, 1888).
4TM & Masin new building progresses (Herald, July 27, 1888).
10TM & Clay, Frank Brede F. Heer & Son, store and flats (Herald, July 8, 1888).
architects, Anthony
Bell, Rider, Waltis & building to go up this year, derrick collapses in August
Co. (Herald, April 27, August 4, 1888).
Locust & 7~, Burden (Herald, May 17, 1888).
Block
Carr, Ryder & Wheeler addition (Herald, March 15, 1888).
Dave Grant new building (?), foundations started (Herald, March 15,
1888).
9~ & Iowa, John Byme two and a half story brick livery, $15,000 (Herald, April 22,
Bros. December 23, 1888).
Main near 11m, H.B. three story double store, 37x46, $10,000, almost done July
Glover (Herald, April 22, July 27, December 23, 1888; Assessor
dates to 1888). Extant.
1739~49 Central, Clay four three-story brick stores, $13,000/18,000-? (Herald,
near 17t~, E. Muntz April 22, December 23, 1888). Extant as 1739-49 Central.
1256 Clay, Ellwanger three story brick store, $3,300 (Herald, April 22, 1888).
Bros.
Locust & 7% Mrs. M.B. four story brick store, $40,000 (Herald, April 22, December
Wallis 23, 1888).
Iowa near 13~, Ed Keas, two story brick store converted from double house, "the
opposite City Hall location is central," plate glass July, "the buildings improve
the appearance of the street very much," $3,500 (Herald,
April 17, 22, July 21, 1888).
Locust & 2n°, Rev. P. double brick store, $9,000 (Herald, December 23, 1888).
Burke
Main, W. L. Bradley store and flats, $10,000 (Herald, December 23, 1888).
Coff'm Co. four story brick building, $12,000(Herald, December 23,
1888).
16~ & Locust, Sears & two story brick addition, $1,500 (Herald, December 23,
61
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Peaslee 1888).
Clay, Geo. Salot three brick stores, $8,000 (Herald, December 23, 1888).
1735-37 Central Assessor dates to 1888, three stories, 38x46, extant. Might
be same as above?
18TM & Clay, G.F. three story brick building, $10,000 (Herald, December 23,
Thormsen 1888).
lS* & Locust, Waller & "[lightning] rodded three story brick building, double storefront, $4,000
Son by Noah H. Faust" (Herald, December 14, 23, 1888).
Clay north of 13m, three story double brick block, $14,000 (Herald, December
Ziepprecht Estate 23, 1888).
1889
13t~ & Clay, John three story store/dwelling, $3/8,000 (Herald, December 29,
Eichorn, 1889).
1 sT, B. D. Linehart two story shop/dwelling, $3,000 (Herald, December 29,
1889).
7TM & Clay, Frank I three story double store, $10,000 (Herald, December 29,
Mangold 1889).
8~ and Iowa, Grand W.J. Edbrooke, Finished August 1890 $50,000 (Herald, December 29,
Opera House Chicago, architect 1889).
14TM & Clay, Mrs. Louisa two story double store, $8,000 (Herald, December 29,
Reiche 1889).
7m & Clay, Geo. Salot three story brick block, $8,000 (Herald, December 29,
1889).
Clay, John Soht two story store/dwelling, $4,000 (Herald, December 29,
1889).
C.M.&St.Paul Car Shops destroyed by fire, $25,000 loss (Globe-Journal, December
21, 1889).
1890
2~° & Main, Julien Hotel second hotel same site, destroyed by fire 1913, site of
present Julien Motor Inn (Sommer, p. 221).
9m & Iowa, Dr. Asa Horr demolishes old Turner Hall, 30 years old, business block
that will complete Iowa Block to the comer of 9th and Iowa,
new building also contains hall, dedicated November 28
(Herald, January 1, 1890; Weekly Ledger, November 8, 29,
1890).
6m & Iowa, Allen & John Howie, foundations in (HeraM, March 18, 1890).
Swiney contractor
Daw~ & Powers store, $40,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Board of Trade $23,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
H. H. Linehan improvements, $10,000 (Herald, January 18, I891).
6m between Locust & four story addition, 34x125, dry goods, $10,000, to be done
Main, H. B. & J.B. by July 1 (Herald, April 12, 1890; January 18, 1891).
Glover
14~ & Clay, John Krayer "mammoth store building," extends to Luther's cigar store,
"many urge use as hotel," plans drawn March 1890,
store/dwelling, $10,000 (Herald, March 19, 1890; January
18, 1891).
Carr, Rider & Engler Co. warehouse, $5,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Klein & Allanan store/dwelling, $5,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
H. M. Hoffman store/dwelling, $5,000(Herald, January 18, 1891).
Platt Bros. store, $5,000(Herald, January 18, 1891).
Hansen & Linehan improvements, $5,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
62
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Iowa Coffin Co. improvements, $5,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
J. M. Rider store, $5,000 (HeraM, January 18, 1891).
Peter Carter/Castey saloon/residence, $4,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Wm. Marshall boiler shop, $4,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891 ).
Paul Ludwig store/dwelling, $3,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Wm. Meyer livery stable, $3,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Citizens State Bank $2,500 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
[. W. Buck saloon, $2,500 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Langworthy & Adams improvements, $2,500 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Co.
Manson Block improvements, $2,500 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
Dubuque Coun~ Bank improvements, $1,500 (Heral& January 18, 1891).
Windsor Hotel improvements, $1,300 (Herald, January 18, 1891 ).
Main, Geo. L. Torbert $15,000 (Herald, January 18, 1891).
1891
William Andrew James Howie, landmark demolished, built c.1857 by Fred E. Bissell,
Homestead, Locust near demolition, occupied by Cashier R. A. Babbage who was blamed for the
11 ~ contractor £ailure of Mrchant's Bank in 1873, later owned/occupied by
Wm. Andrew, Dr. G. M. Staples, James Levi, Frank D.
Stout, scene of entertainment of Confederate General
Edmund K. Smith during 1884 military encampment,
replaced by the Stout mansion (Herald, January 11, 1891).
7m & Iowa, Dubuque first building ( 1839) demolished (Sommer, p. 21).
County Courthouse
1072 Central Assessor dates to 189 I, 22.5x55, two stories, extant.
504 Central Assessor dates to 1891, three stories, 24x100, extant.
Ryan Packing House, rock being hauled for foundation and ground being
south of the levee excavated, Dodge Street to be extended across slough to
river just north of same (Herald, June 27, t891).
Board of Trade Bldg., $40,000 loss to fire (Herald, February 4-5, 1891).
Main bet. 4t~ & 5~
Dubuque Harness & destroyed by fire, $15,000 loss (Herald, June 5, 1891).
Saddlery Co.
Farley & Loetscher Sash $50,000 fire loss (Herald, August 19, 1891; Ledger, same
& Door Co. date).
Pritchard Buggy Top Co. $10,000 fire loss (Ledger, October 31, 1891).
Turner Hall, 9m & Iowa destroyed by fire, $29,000 loss (Ledger, November 16,
1891).
1892
southwest corner, 9~ & T.T. Carkeek, armory on third floor, demolished October 1970 for new
Iowa, Central Engine architect fire administrative building, demolished 1970 (Sommer, p.
House 24).
Adams' Company new foundry, $10,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
John Bell three story brick store and flats, $6,000 (Herald, December
25, 1892)
Carr, Ryder & Engter factory improvement, $20,O00(Herald, December 25, 1892)
A. A. Cooper factory improvement, $20,O00(Herald, December 25, 1892)
Frank Coates addition to store, $1,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Geo. Dca & Son improvements to basket factory, $59,000 (Herald,
December 25, 1892)
Dubuque Wooden Ware improvements, addition, $4,000 (Herald, December 25,
1892)
63
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Dubuque Pressed Brick unspecified, $45,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Co.
Diamond Jo Boat Yard ~mprovements, boat building, $45,000 (Herald, December
25, 1892)
Dubuque Stamping & unspecified, $40,300 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Enameling
S. Drexel store and flat, $6,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Dubuque Making Co. improvements, additions, $15,000 (Herald, December 25,
I892)
Dubuque Buggy Top Co. same, $5,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Dubuque County $200,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Courthouse
Excelsior Brass Co. $25,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
James Forester & Co. four-story factory, $18,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Farley, Loetscher Co. improvements, $10,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Mrs. Isborn store and flats, $8,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Iowa Iron Works I improyements, $6,500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
P. Klauer : brick store, $7,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Mary H. Milton store, $620 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
M. Marty brick double store, $4,500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
A. Miller frame store, dwelling, $2,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Mannhart & Noel, Hotel $30,000 (Herald, December 25, I892)
Paris
F. A. Nessler store and flat, $7,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Odd Fellows Temple in course of construction, $30,000 (Herald, December 25,
1892)
Peoples Bakery $3,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Ryan Packing Co. addition, $45,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Rei£steck & Shepley warehouse, $2,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Rider Y Lacy three story brick stores and flats, $19,000 (Herald,
December 25, 1892)
Standard Lumber Co. $8,500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Mary J. Switzer store, $2,400 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
C. J. W. Saunders store and dwelling, $2,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Schreiber, Conchar & factory, $4,500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Westphal, Iowa Street
Sisters of Charity $200,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Mother House
Smedley Mfg. addition, $15,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
John Specht store addition, $500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
J. M. Sullivan brick store, $6,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Turner Hall rebuik, $7,500 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
West Locust Livery $5,000 (Herald, December 25, 1892)
Globe Bldg., 5TM & Main damaged by fire (Ledger, March 10, 1892).
Alderman Glab's Hotel, $10,000 loss to fire (Ledger, April 28, 1892).
9t~ & Elm
Adams Co, Iron destroyed by fire, $8,000 loss (Ledger, May 30, 1892;
Works/Foundry Herald, May 29, 1892).
1893
9TM & Locust, Odd T.T. Carkeek, notable for its three-story high arches, demolished 1998-99
Felows architect (Sommer, p. 124).
64
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
15~ & Locust, Central $75,000 bond issue passed 1893, dedicated January 17,
High School 1895, used until 1923, functions as junior high school 1928-
29, demolished in 1980s (Lyon, pp. 112-13).
Enanxel Works destroyed by fire, $60,000 loss (Ledger, April 11, 1893).
Norwegian Plow Works considerable fire damage (Globe, August 11, 1893).
1894
Dubuque Cabinet Three story offices, warehouse replaces Universalist
Makers Asso., 1000 Church, northeast comer Main and 10t~.
Main
Main?, Shields & identical four storefront, four-story blocks, each 100x100,
Bradley blocks occupied by M. M. Walker & Co., Schroeder-Kline
Grocery, $80,000 total cost (Herald, January 1, 1895).
4~ & Locust, Bell Bros. five story story/factory for overall and ready-made clothing
factory, $30,000+ (Herald, January 1, 1895).
Main, Ryder & Burden four story brick block, to contain Masonic Temple, $35,000
(Herald, January 1, 1895).
4~ & Main, W.H. four story double storefront block, light brown "granite
Peabody brick" used "that will make the building an additional
attraction," $i0,000 (? list says $8,000) (Herald, January 1,
1895).
Washington, James brick store, $10,000 (Herald, January 1, 1895).
O'Farrell
Clay', A. W. Hosford double store, $8,500 (Herald, January i, 1895).
1736 Central Assessor dates to 1894, three story, 37x64, extant.
9TM & Iowa, YMCA, built in conjunction with remodeling of adjacent H. L. Stout
"Stout Auditorium" residence, gymnasium, two stories plus basement, $15,000,
new YMCA built 1969-71 at 35 North Booth (Herald,
January 1, 1895; Lyon, pp. 489-90).
northwest comer, Main W.W. Boyin~on & the state's largest commercial building, comer lot purchased
& 9th, Iowa Trust & Co., Chicago, by May 1893, add adjoining lot July 1894, start work
Savings Bank and architect, Italian September 5, 1894 and opens November 1895, American
Dubuque Fire & Marine Renaissance style Trust & Savings Bank in building until 1945, later known as
Insurance Co., "Bank Fischer Building, seven story, steel and terra cotta (cream
and Insurance Building" and yellow red), $350,000, 103x114, likely first steel frame
large building, clay tile fireproofing (Herald, January 23,
1896)
Novelty Carriage Works destroyed by fire (Herald, April 10, 1894).
J. C. Schmid's Flour & gutted by fire (Globe, September 7, 1894).
Feed Mill, 8t~ & White
Lesure Lumber Yard wiped out by fire, worst fire in history, $750,000 loss
(Herald, June 10, 1894).
1895
High School dedicated January 17, 1896, $75,000 (Herald, January 23,
1896)
Stout Auditorium, 8m dedicated January 27, 1896, YMCA, $40,000 (Herald,
and Iowa January 23, 1896)
First Presbyterian dedicated this year, $t0,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
Church
Dubuque Making Co. new brewery, $350,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
St. Lukes Main Street M. now being erected, $80,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
E. Church
Belt Bros. Overall $50,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
65
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Factory
Ryder & Burden four story brick business block, $23,000 (Herald, January
23, 1896)
W. H. Peabody, 4TM & store, $10,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
Main
James O'Farrell, brick block, $10,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
Washington
A. W. Hosford, Clay double store, $8,500 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
Wm. L. Bradley, Main & stores and flats, $15.000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
13th ·
Haney & Campbell new manufacturing building, $10,000 (Herald, January 23,
1896)
Fisher & Co. ice houses, $5,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
Emsdorff & Sons, Jones business block. $18,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
St. '
Dubuque Casket Co., four story business block, $7,000 (Herald, January 23,
Washington 1896)
John Buelow, Couler two story brick store, $25,000 (Herald, January 23, I896)
A. R. Staufenbeil, Clay ] business block, $2,000 (Herald, January 23, 1896)
ABC Department Store, considerable damage by fire (Globe dournal, July 12, i895).
713-29 Main
1896
9u~ &Locust, Dr. J.J. office adjoining residence, next to Odd Fellows Temple,
Brownson $2,000+ (Herald, May 24, 1896; Lyon, pp. 24-25; Sommer,
p. I26)·
539 Locust, John Logan new store/residence, St. Louis yellow brick front, $4,000
(Herald, May 24, I896).
8~ & Main, Rider Block remodeling, double storefront into a single large one,
displaces J. Maresh, tailor and Oriental Tea Co. Crystal
plate glass front continued around 8th Street frontage, "the
building will not be a 'skyscraper,' but it will be fitted up in
modem style," $6,000 (Herald, May 24, 1896).
Jones & Main, John five stories, red brick and cut stone trim, cut stone entrance,
Krusdorff & Sons for wholesale iron and wood stock business, $I3,000
(Herald, May 24, 1896).
James Levi & Co. to remodel present building or relocate to triple storefront in
Coates Bros. building, front to be solid plate glass front,
$8,000 (I-[erald, May 24, 1896).
A. Y. McDonald Co. to build two large four-story factory buildings, $75,000
(Herald, January 23, 1896)
Dr. Jackson, comer 9TM& to build some new apartment houses, $15,000 (Herald,
Bluff January 23, 1896)
Bradley Syndicate, J.M. "to be built upon a four stories, mammoth proportions, $75,000 (Herald,
Stampfer, northeast much grander scale , January 23, May 24, 1896; Sommer, p. 126).
comer, 8~ & Main,, than at first contem-
Security Building plated. In many re-
spects it will be fully
equal to the new
Bank and Insurance
building built last
year"
1199 Main, Main & 12~,' George Kramer, successor to Iowa's o!dest congregation, second building
66
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
St. Lukes Church architect (1839) at Locust & 7m, Lyon dates to 1893, $65,000
(Herald, May 24, 1896; Lyon, pp. 392-93).
15~ & Clay, Judge R.W. demolished "old landmark" near comer, to build store and
Lacy flats, this to adjoin his building on comer, $6,000 (Herald,
May 24, 1896).
456-64 Main, W.H. remodeling, to be occupied wholly by E. B. Pieckenbrock &
Peabody Sons, wholesale shoes who relocate from southern half of
same building, $1,000 (Herald, May 24, I896).
5~ & White, C. M. & St. freight house to be extended to 6TM to occupy entire block,
Paul R.R. passenger depot at foot of 4~ to be remodeled, $13,000
(Herald, May 24, 1896).
Main & Jones, John two houses on site relocated to Bluff& Dodge by E. D.
Emsdorff & Co. building Burke, $22,000 (Herald, May 24, 1896).
890 Clay Assessor dates to 1896, two stories, 5 lx40/73~ extant.
Ryan Packing Company destroyed by fire (Times, June 28, 1896; Herald, same
date).
1897
John M. Shonp Drug fire damage (Herald, December 31, 1897).
Store (destroyed),
Hedley & Brown
Drugstore damaged
Fh'e immediately north guts John M. Schanpp & Co. (W. L. Bradley owner of
of Julien Hotel, 260 bldg.), damage to Hedley & Brown building, and to Hedtey
Main, December 31 & Brown Co.$20,000 loss (Herald, January 1, i898)
1898
1643-45 Central Assessor dates to 1898, three story, 32x31, extant.
Watters & Dennis Feed both firms wiped out by fire, $20000 loss, one fatality
Store, Dickinson Paper (Herald, January 16, 1898).
Box Factory
M. M. Walker both destroyed by fire (Globe Journal, March 11, 1898).
Produce/Schroeder
Kleine Grocery
1899
T. J. Conlin Livery $8,000 fire loss, 21 horses killed (Herald, February 12,
1899).
Chicago, Milwaukee & $50,000 fire loss (Herald, December 21, 1899).
St. Paul R. R. Car Shop
1900
Dubuque Railroad car destroyed with five cars, $15,000 loss (Herald, March 17,
bairns, Couler 1900).
1901
11B & Bluff, Carnegie- Greek Neo Classical $60,000, land donated by F. D. Stout (Sommer, pp. 133-34).
Stout Library Revival
Geo. Richardson Co. "undaunted by a most disastrous fire, has established a new
factory of greater capacity'' (Enterprise, October 20, 1901 )
Noyes Art Store, Main I new store building (Enterprise, March 9, 1902).
Doerrmmm's Tailor new store building (Enterprise, March 9, 1902).
Shop, Main
P. F. Ryder, 6TM & Main completely remodeled, new front, houses Dubuque National
Bank, Milwaukee Ticket Office, S. D. Ryan & Co. stock
brokers, Democrat party headquarters (Enterprise, March
30, 1902).
67
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
10 & Main Iowa House Furnishing Co., formerly at 568 Main, occupies
double stores at this site (Enterprise, March 9, 30, 1902).
Richardson's Shoe destroyed, $125,000 fire loss (Herald, March 29, I901).
Factory
Dubuque Woodenware destroyed by fire (Herald, May 30, 1901).
Company
Central Hotel badly damaged by fire (Globe-Journal, July 7, 1900).
St. Mary's Casino (Lyon, pp. 393-94)
Chalmers & Son, recruited to city in 1901, city provides site and installs
Iroquois Button Works power plant, expands 1902 (Lyons, p. 53).
1902
10~ & Main, Iowa new building (Enterprise, March 16, 1902).
House Furnishing Co.
Iowa Iron Works destroyed by fire, $20,000 loss, three firemen killed, one
injured (Herald, May 9, 1902).
Dubuque Ore destroyed by fire (Herald, July 28, 1902).
Concentrating Company
Dubuque Club, 7u, & W.G. Williamson, $30;000 for building, $10,000 for the lot, three stories
Locust architect, Chicago (Enterprise, August 10, 1902).
1903
Wm. Lawther Candy Fourth floor to existing double front and four-story north
Co., Main, north of 1 st storefront added
German Bank Building, new building
342 Main
O'Neill Block, lS' & Wm. Law-ther purchases, remodels and modernizes, heats
Main from his candy, third floor broken up into six flats
(Enterprise, December 19, 1903 ).
National Biscuit Co., 6TM destroyed by fire, $40,000 loss (Herald, December 11,
& White 1903).
St. Lukes ME Church, fire damage $12,000 (Globe-Journal, September i0, 1903).
12th & Main
1904
Buetell Bros. wholesale house, two story addition, $5,000 (Telegraph-
Herald, December 30, 1906).
Excelsior Works erected, machinery $50,000 (Telegraph-Herald, March 19,
1905)
Telegraph-Herald building, $5,000, new presses, $24,000 (Telegraph-Herald,
March 19, 1905)
Wales Hotel addition, electrical plant similar to Hotel Julien's, $12,500
(Telegraph-Herald, March I9, 1905)
James Beach & Sons soap factory enlarged, $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald, March
19, 1905)
new coffin company $40,000 (Telegraph-Herald, March 19, 1905)
Dubuque Casket Co. addition, $12,000 (Telegraph-Herald, March 19, 1905)
St. Luke Meth. Church, $5,000 decorations, $8-12 for new- parsonage (Telegraph-
Main cor. 12th Herald, March 19, 1905)
Morrison Iron Works, destroyed by fire, $10,000 loss (Herald, February 20, 1904).
24th Street
Haggen, Fox Co. Handle destroyed by fire, $i4,000 loss (Herald, June 15, 1904).
Factory, 24th & Pine
TousantM' M. WatkerTrexler &Co. badly damaged by fire (Herald, October 15, 1904).
68
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1905
Clay between 14m & remodel building, $3,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31,
15% J. Olinger 1905).
8tn, Iowa Telephone Co. $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31, 1905).
5TM & 6~ [?], Athenemm remodeled, $5,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31,
Block 1905).
1~, Jos. Nagle store and warehouse, $2,500 (Telegraph-Herald, December
31, 1905).
;~ & Main, Dr. Staples rebuilt commercial building, $3,500 (Telegraph-Herald,
December 31, 1905).
6m & Main, Franco rebuilt, $2,500 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31, 1905).
WeigeI
6m & Main, P. Ryder for rebuilt, $3,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31, 1905).
M. Schmitt
Farley & Loetscher warehouse, $18,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31,
1905).
A. B. Brown & Co. Box destroyed by fire (Herald, January 24, 1905).
Factory, Southern Ave.
Six business houses destroyed by fire, $240,000 loss (Herald, November 24,
destroyed 1905).
1906
137-53 Main Assessor dates to 1906, three story, 64xl 14, extant
799 Main same, four story, 125xi 14
8TM & White, Farley- five story office and warehouse, $35,000, largest plant in
Loetscher Co. city until Deere Plant buik, used timbers salvaged from St.
Louis Exposition of 1904 (Telegraph-Herald, December 30,
1906; Lyon, pp. 145-46).
;}t~ & Iowa, Y.M.C.A. improvements, $16,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 30,
Dormitory 1906).
near 1a & Main, Dennis four story brick office and warehouse, relocate from 1s~ &
Bros. 2nd, $20,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 30, 1906).
15~ & Locust, Masonic remodeling of old Presbyterian Church, $27,000
Temple
Jones & Main, Edes new- factory on comer, occupied in June, $17,000
Robe Tannery (Telegraph-Herald, December 30, I906).
Standard Lumber Co. [ $40,000 fire loss (Herald, July 15, 1906).
Lawther Candy Co., candy company destroyed by fire, $14,000 loss, Sussman
Main north of 1~ Bakery, Dickinson Paper Box Co., Schukkin's Barber Shop
all damaged (Telegraph-Herald, September 23, 1906).
Chicago, Great Western gutted by fire (Globe-Journal, August 30, 1906).
Blacksmith Shop
Standard Oil Company badly damaged by fire (Globe-Journal, August 18, 1906).
Iowa Coffin Company $17,000 addkion, new machinery (Telegraph-Herald,
December 30, 1906).
1907
Security Building $90,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Roshek Bros. Bldg., "one of the biggest in completed in 1907, $75,000, (Telegraph-Herald, December
southeast comer, Eighth the State...one of the 29, 1907).
and Main attractions of
Dubuque"
Iowa Telephone Co. $320,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Fartey~Loetscher Co. $35,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 29, 1907).
69
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
137-45-53 Main, Wm. new factory, destroyed by fire "some time ago," five stories
Lawther Co. Bedford stone and press brick frontS75,000 (Telegraph-
Herald, December 29, 1907).
Willner's Store $10,000 (Telegralvh-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Fuhrman Clothier $15,000 (Telegra~vh-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Y.M.C.A. Dormitory, 8~n $16,000 (Telegraj~h-Herald, December 29, 1907).
& Iowa
Clark's Drug Store $2,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Lyric Theater $3,500 (Telegral~h-Herald, December 29, 1907).
Fred Dalms Blacksmith destroyed by fire. Dalms killed (Times-Journal, April 28,
Shop 1907).
Cleaver's Laundry destroyed by fire, $10,000 toss (Times-Journal, August 14,
1907).
Jones Bros. Garment destroyed by fire, loss $50,000 (Telegral~h-Herald, March
~ &Iowa 2, 1907).
Factory, ~rd
Felix G. Becker Coal & stable, barns and 25 horses destroyed by fire (Telegraph-
Wood Co. Herald, March 18, 1907).
Flick Box Factory destroyed by fire, $10,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, April
27, 1907).
Mulligan's Wholesale destroyed by fire (Times-Journal, March 5, 1907).
Liquor Store, Dunn's
Grocery
Jones Bros. Garment destroyed by fire, $60,000 loss, "wrecked" (Times-Journal,
Co., 3r~ & Iowa March 2, 1907).
C. H. Fischer Hotness destroyed by fire (Times-Journal, December 1, 1907).
Shop
1908
Princess Theater under construction, $15,000 (Telegrat~h-Herald, December
27, 1908).
Three Nickel Theaters $7,000 (Telegrai~h-Herald, December 27, 1908).
2~, Albee Building improvements, $2,500 (Telegraph-Herald, December 27,
1908).
Ist & Main, new building $4,500 (Telegraph-Herald, December 27, 1908).
4TM & Iowa, Peaslee remodeled and improved, $3,500 (Telegral~h-Herald,
Brewery Building December 27, 1908).
City Hall, 13m & Clay destroyed by fire, $1,000,000 toss, priceless records lost
(Time~-Journal, January 24, 1908).
New Jefferson House, disastrous f'rre (Times-Journal, August 7, 1908).
508 Clay
1909
Bijou Theater ] $50,000 (Telegra2vh-Herald, January 2, 1910).
White & 7t", Farley & five story factory, 50' frontage on White (Telegraph-
Loetscher Herald, January 2, 1910).
White between 7~n & 8~", power house, $20,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 2, 1910).
Farley & Loetscher
Central House $12,000 ( Telegraph-Herald, January 2, 1910).
Midland Chemical Co., $25,000 fire loss (Times-Journal, January 12, 1909).
Clark Roller Awning Co.
1910
8tn & White, Farley- five story concrete and brick, 200x100,$100,000
Loetscher ( Telegraph-Herald, October 2, 1910; January I, 1911 ).
Jackson, Washington, largest factory in city, 171 x387, five stories, brick, stone,
70
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
10tn to 11n, Cart, Ryder, fire proofi power station, 40x100, west of Jackson, $50,000
Adams (Telegraph-Herald, January 2, 1910; January 1,1911).
Hotel Central $26,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 1,1911).
Ludescher Bros. $5,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 1, 1911 ).
Fuhrmann Bros. $5,000 (TelegraphrHerald, January 1,1911).
5~ & Iowa, H. B. Glover five story building, 120x100, tunnel link to new six stow
warehouse, $45,000 (Telegraph-Herald, October 2, 1910;
January 1,191I).
4t~ & Main, Majestic $85,000 (Telegraph-Herald, October 2, 1910; January 1,
Theater 191 I).
Hotel Julien improvements, $25,000 (Telegraph-Herald, October 2,
1910; January 1,1911).
Klaner Shoe Store improvements, $1,200 (Telegraph-Herald, October 2, 1910;
January 1, 1911).
Gordon Garage $5,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 1,1911).
Spensley store $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 1, 1911 ).
McFadden Coffee & four story slxucture, $50,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 1,
Spice Co. 1911).
800 Main Assessor dates to 1910, four story, 149xl 13
Julien Hotel i destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, April 11, 1910).
New Bijou Theater i deslxoyed by fire with $60,000 loss (Times-Journal, April 8,
1910).
Julian Hotel, Main $37,000 fire loss (Times-Journal, April I 1, 1910).
Standard Lumber Co. $100,000 fire loss (Times-Journal, December 25, 1910).
Hub Clothiers heavy fire damage (Times-Journal, December 25, 1910).
Standard Lumber Co. second major fire, $80,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, April
22, 1910).
1911
M. Kassler & Sons warehouse, $8,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 31,
1911).
Can', Ryder, Adams Co., $300,000 fire loss (Times-Journal, May 27, 1911).
Adams Co., Key City
Furniture Factory,
Standard Lumber
Clark Roller Awning wrecked by fire (Times-Journal, May 13, 191 I).
Co., Beatrice Creamery
Co.
Conlin & Keams Ice immense ice house destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (Times-
House Journal, May 29, 1911).
Spahn, Rose & Lumber Spahn & Rose suffer fire loss of $140,000, others damaged
Co., Kretschumer Co., ( Times-Journal, July 31, 1911 ).
Weineke Hoerr Co.,
Farley-Loetscher Co.
Standard Lumber Co. third and fourth major fires, destroy the company, guts the
shot tower, $300,000 loss in third fire, $350,00 loss in final
fire (Telegraph-Herald, May 27, 29, 1911).
Factory district, $140,000 fire loss (Telegraph-Herald, July 31, 1911).
Washington between 76
& 8t~ streets
1912
Beatrice Creamery Co. destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, December 9, 1912).
Plant, Jones & Locust
71
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Austin Office Building, " ' ' o '
new bmldm~ for Homes and Offices...excellent location.
SW comer Main and 3~ Every modem convenience including electric elevators...
(Telegraph-Herald, May 5, 1912).
1913
Fischer & Co., foot of 8~n artificial ice plant, most massive structure erected this year
(Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
Dubuque Paper Co. building is second largest in the city (Telegraph-Herald,
December 23, 1913)
Union Electric Power plant expansion, $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
Co. 1913)
St. Maw Church substantially remodeled, $70,000 (Telegraph-Herald,
December 23, 1913)
Boat & Boiler Works, building, $18,700 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
foot of 2nd
Dubuque Cracker remodeled, had been unoccupied for several years, $1,500
Factory-, 9th & White (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
Stillson Specialty Co., same, $12,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
12th & White
Prescott School, White $96,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
and 13th
Water Company expansions, $40,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
1913)
Jackson Vinegar Works, building, equipment, $45,000 (Telegraph-Herald,
Lower Main December 23, 1913)
Dubuque Paper Co., 2"° eight-stoW stone and brick building, $70,000 (Telegraph-
and Iowa Herald, December 23, 1913)
Hotel Julien, 2"° and eight stories, 171.6xi 13.6 feet, 231 rooms, will be replaced
Main "in another year," was being finished at the end of 1914,
$550,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913;
December 27, 1914)
Fischer & Co., on the ice plant, $170,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, I913)
river
Key City Gas Co. improvements, no figures.
Iowa Oil Company addition, $1,800 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
A. Y. McDonald, Pne two-story brick addition, $13,000 (Telegraph-Herald,
December 23, 1913)
Mrs. Louise Sumerfield, improvements on business plant, $4,000 (Telegraph-
Clay Herald, December 23, 1913)
United Cigar Co., 805 remodeled, $2,700 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
Main
William Brady garage, $2,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
A. A. Cooper wagon factory, new machineD', $10,000 (Telegraph-
Herald, December 23, 1913)
Majestic Theater, 4m & fire escapes, $1,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
Main 1913)
Ford Garage, Clay $3,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23, 1913)
Dreamland Theater rmprovements, $3,800 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
1913)
Hub Clothing Store, remodeled, $18,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
Main 1913)
Presley Paint Shop, remodeled, $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 23,
Main 1913)
72
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
BUilding, 3ro & Locust $50,000 £zre loss (Telegraph-Herald, April 8, 1913).
Dubuque Boat & Boiler $300,000 fire loss to machine shop (Telegraph-Herald,
Works April 21, 1913).
1914
2~° & Iowa, Becker-
Hazelton
Elks Home, 7TM & Locust
Dubuque Paper Co., 2n°
and Iowa
Union Electric Co., foot
of 8th
Tele~aph-Herald, 5~ &
Main
Orioles Home, 16~
372 Main
Mathis Realty Co.
St. Anthony School
1915
faced with "Hytex
brick, laid up with
Arts and Crofts
joints" John Spencer,
architect
wholesaler in glass, china and crockery, removes to larger
site, 40x152, seven stories and basement, Hytex facing
brick on Iowa Street front, native stone first floor front on
Iowa Street, with Bedford stone trim above, heavy mill
construction and cast iron columns on first four stories (long
leaf southern pine posts above that level), elevator in
fireproof brick shaft, shipping platform at back, $70,000
(Telegraph-Herald, December 27, 1914~.
"one of the finest clubs in the west," $120,000, to be done
February 1915, replaces two-story brick stable, $120,000
(Telegraph-Herald, December 27, 1914
eight story brick and stone building, $70,000 (Telegraph-
Herald, December 27, 1914).
addition, $75,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 27, 1914).
remodeling, $45,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 27,
1914).
brick, three stories, $10,000 (Telegraph-Herald. December
27, 1914).
Assessor dates to 1916, two story, 21 xl 13, extant
$15,000 fire loss (Telegraph-Herald, August 5, 1914).
destroyed by fire, fire depamnent criticized (Telegraph-
Herald, December 14, 1914).
Carr, Ryder, Adams Co.
Key City Motor Co., 990
Clay
fire loss of $170,000 (Telegraph-Herald, April 27. 1915).
Company' into new quarters, offers day and night Buick
service (Horseless Age, March 24, 1915, p. 396).
1916
8m & Iowa, H. L. Stout i Demolition
residence
Farley & Loetscher, 7~
& White
A. A. Cooper Warehouse !
Homan Furniture Co,
Moose Lodge Hall
E. E. Frith Fertilizer
Plant
Five story commercial building replaces house, used as part
of YMCA complex, $175,000 (Lyon, pp. 489-90).
new warehouse complete, $200,000 (Telegraph-Herald,
December 27, 1914).
destroyed by fire, $300,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald,
February 11, 13, 1916).
$20,000 fire damage (Telegraph-Herald, July 5, 1916).
destroyed by £rre, $100,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald.
September 3, 1916).
1917
Adams Co. 4~ St.
extension
Fir~N~ionalBank, 5~
&M~n
National Refining Co.,
7·
Trenkle Sausage Co.,
1227 Clay
only incomplete work from 1916, foundry, $28,000 (Times,
January 1, I918)
addition, $60,000 (Times, January 1, 1918)
~ew building, $10,000 (Times, January 1, 1918)
addition, $12,000 (Times, January- 1, 1918)
George A. Flackiger, 5~ no specifics, not a residence, $8,000 (Times, January 1,
73
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
& Clay 1918)
Iowa House Furnishing remodeling, $7,000 (Times, January 1, 1918)
Co., 4th & Main
Paris Hotel, 4m & Clay addition, $2,000 (Times, January 1, 1918)
City of Dubuque, levee warehouse, $2,000 (Times, January 1, 1918)
A. A. Cooper & Buggy destroyed by fire, lumber shed des2oyed, $120,000
Co. (Telegraph-Herald, July 12, 1917).
Wales Hotel destroyed by fhe (Times, July 5, 1917).
1918
Cadillac
Garage
I
$15,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
I $20,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
Armour & Co.
Dubuque Casket Co. $60,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
Carr, Ryder & Adams $100,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
Co.
Heeb Tire & Supply Co. $30,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
Standard Oil Co. $10,000 (Times, December 22, 1919).
1919
Grimm Drug Store destroyed by fire, $25,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald,
November 26, 1919).
International Harvestor destroyed by fire, $250,000-300,000 loss, hoteI and stable
Co., Southern Hotel, destroyed (Telegraph-Herald, November 18, 20, 1919;
Molo Stables Times Journal, November 18, 20, 1919).
1920
Fluckiger Garage, 5m & destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, January
Central 5, 1920; Times-Journal, January 5, 1920).
Thos. J: Mulgrew seven buildings destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald,
Artificial Ice Co. October 5, 1920).
A. A. Ryan Packing Co. destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, July 1 I, 1920).
Hurd-Most Sash and one of newer industries, started work on new factory about
door company, Dodge a year ago, now in operation, $100,000, new building or a
conversion of an old one (Times-Journal, January 1, 1924).
Pyramid Lumber Co. improvements (Times-Journal, January I, 1924).
Iowa Casket Co. improvements (Times-Journal, January 1, 1924).
1923
American Trust & "in the very heart of the business district," by January' the
Savings Bldg., 9tn & ' steel skeleton was 10 stories high, "when completed it will
Main be the tallest building in the city," 13 stories, 536x128.6.,
(Times-Journal, January 1, 1924).
98 East l0w same, one story, 50x35
Excelsior Works destroyed by fire, $40,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, August
15, 1923).
Union Trust & Savings work started August 1923. "when completed it will be an
Bank, 14th & Central impressive piece of work, and will contain all the
accommodations necessary for carrying on a large banking
business in an up-to-date fashion..." (Times-Journal,
January' 1, 1924).
Dubuque Electric Co. extensive improvement work including erecting the state's
tallest smokestack, $2k300,000 (Times-Journal, January 1,
1924)
Thos. J. Mulgrew new ice plant announced, $75,000, to begin in the spring
Artificial Ice Co. (Times-Journal, January I, 1924).
74
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Cart, Ryder & Adams addition, $100,000 (Telegraph-Herald, December 28,
Co. 1924).
1924
Belsky Motor Garage $65,000 (The Dubuquer, December 1924).
Woolworth & Co. $43,000 (The Dubuquer, December 1924).
Farley & Loetscher two warehouses, $40,000 (The Dubuquer, December 1924).
Seippel Lumber Co. destroyed by fire, $60,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, April
25, 1924).
Hawkeye Casket Co. $20,000 addition (The Dubuquer, December 1924).
1925
A. A. Cooper Wagon & destroyed by fire, $60,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, April
Buggy Company 28, 29, 1825).
Canfield Hotel, 4~ & addition, permit issued October 1925 (Telegraph~Herald,
White December27, 1925).
1926
104 Main [ I Built c.1926 (Sanborn Map), as wholesale drag warehouse
1929
1250 West 8TM Assessor dates to 1929, 10 stories, two basements, 250xl 14
Telegraph- begun in 1929, finished 1930 (Telegraloh-Herald, January
Herald/Times-Journal 31, 1931 ).
Building, Bluff & 8th
Bums Realty Co. Garage started 1929, done 1930 (Telegraph-Herald, January 3 i,
I931).
Interstate Power Co. started 1929, done 1930 (Telegraph-Herald, January, 31,
garage 1931 ).
Kresge's Mercantile started 1929, done 1930 (Telegraph-Herald, January 3I,
Bldg. 1931).
Roshek's Department Lyon says second half finished July 1931, Rosheks departs
Store, first half, Locust for Kennedy Mall 1968, renamed CyCare Plaza 1986,
and 8~ streets features the Packet Restaurant on top floor, $5 million
renovation 1968-70, bankrupt 1984 as W. S. Sheppley &
Co., extant
1930
8TM & Bluff, Telegraph- The Telegraph and Herald newspapers merge in 1927, and
Herald locate to this comer in 1930. Assessor dates building to
1935. (Lyon, p. 439).
Roshek's Department south half, $350,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 31, I931).
Store, 8t~ & Locust
Neisner Bros. Mercantile $60,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 31,1931).
Establishment
Firestone Tire & Rubber $20,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 3 I, 1931).
Co. service station
Masonic Temple Medieval eclectic $187,000 (Telegraph-Herald, January 31, 1931).
Northwestern Bell Co. $11,000 remodeling (Telegraph-Herald, January 31,1931).
Midwest Lumber, 207 shed $2,000 (Building permits)
East 7~
1931
Maizewood Products destroyed by fire, $200,000 toss (Telegraph-Herald,
December 8, 1931).
St. George Hotel, 576 three-car garage, $1,200 (Building permits)
Central
75
Do~mtown Dubuque, Architectural and Histor/cal Survey Report
48 West 6m [ [ "brick plant" $2,000 (Building permits)
1932
Witwer Grocery Co. destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, December I 1, 1932).
Bradley Insurance, 198 alterations $2,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Locksmith Express, 450 new storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Central
Aragon Tap, ½ Iowa [ remodel for restaurant/tavern, $1,300 (Building permits)
1933
Federal Building & Post Moderne style Cornerstone dedicated August i 1, 1933, completed
~ Office February 15, 1934, opened March 3, 1934, Indiana
limestone (Lyon, pp. 283-84; Sommer, p. 145).
Continental Oil Co., 505 filling station, $10,000 (Building permits)
Locust
I I 0 West 12~" two story addition, $1,000 (Building permits)
20 East 4m filling station $2,250 (Building permits)
1934
Four story building, destroyed by fire, $50,000 loss (TelegraT~h-Iterald, April
Main bet. 4th & 5th, 29, I934).
owned by Sisters of
Holy Ghost
Kornmeyer's Garage 65-year old landmark destroyed by fire (TelegraT~h-Herald,
May 13, 1934).
Zebulon Pike Lock & Work starts February 2, 1934, opens September 10, 1937,
Dam begins ~adual revival o£river traffic (Lyon, p. 492).
1236 Iowa new store front, $800 (Building permits)
1198 White same, $1,000 (Building permits)
921-27-33 Central warehouse, $3,500 (Building permits)
1935
LaPrell Meat Market, damaged by fire (Telegra~vh-HeraId, January 21, 1935).
1278 Central
Key City Gas Co., 662 new storefront $1,400 (Building permits)
Main
Hartig Drug, 730-36 same, $850 (Building permits)
Main
216 West lST same $450 (Building permits)
260 West 4m two story service station, $9,000 (Building permits)
East 4TM Street Extension three story brick/concrete block storage, $5,000 (Building
permits)
1936
Feye Bros. Auto Body garage, $6,000 (Building permits)
Shop, 646-48 Central
Faber Music Co., 1157 alterations brick bldg., $4,500 (Building permits)
Central
635 Main new storefront $597 (Building permits)
940 Main one story addition, $1,400 (Building permks)
1260 Washington store m rear, $1,318 (Building permits)
Canfield Hotel, 397 new main entrance $1,350 (Building permits)
Central
1256 Central new store front $2,000 (Building permits)
1937
76
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
14TM & Central, Molo Oil auto servicing station, nearing completion, (Telegraph-
Co. Herald, May 9, 1937)
Railroad Ave., old Ott one story' addition and alterations, to be occupied by Nuirre
Rubber Company Company factory, (Telegraph-Herald, May 9, 1937)
South Main, office building addition, (Telegraph-Herald, May 9, 1937)
[nternational Harvester
10~ & White, Rhomberg extensive alterations, (Telegraph-Herald, May 9, 1937)
Fur Company
Klauer Mfg. Co. two story reinforced concrete addkion to warehouse/factory,
(Telegraph-Herald, May 9, 1937)
2na & Iowa, A.Y. platform at warehouse building, (Telegraph-Herald, May 9,
McDonald 1937)
2162-64 Central destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, January 11, 1937).
Molo Oil Co., 1403 gas station, $4,875 (Building permits)
Central
200-18 Iowa platform $1,800 (Building permits)
972 Main new storefront $1,000 (Building permits)
976 Main same, $1,000 (Building permits)
Rhomberg Furs, 1002 three story brick addition, $11,000 (Building permits)
White
301 East 9t~ I two story concrete warehouse, $55,000 (Building permits)
1938
250 Iowa warehouse, $3,500 (Building permits)
602 Locust brick building, $10,000 (Building permits)
768-98 Main store addition, alterations, $15,000(Building permits)
Cottingham & Butler, building, $10,000 (Building permits)
800 Main
Interstate Employees alterations, $18,000 (Building permits)
Credit Union, 978 Main
280 West 6TM addition to brick lodge, $3,800 (Building permits)
100 West 13~ alterations to brick building, $3,000 (Building permits)
Canfield Hotel, 397 reface four story brick building, new' front, lobby, $1,165.
Central (Building permits)
1939
Motor Transportation truck terminal, $10,000 (Building permits)
Co., 59 Main
10 West 5TM filling station, $2,000 (Building permits)
303 Main brick and concrete bus station, $9,500 (Building permits)
East 6~ building for shipper's use, $1,000 (Building permits)
101-99 East 9TM fire proof storage bldg., $5,000 (Building permits)
Telegraph-Herald, BtuffI two story brick building, $18,000 (Building permits)
1940
Crescent Electric Co., alterations to brick bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
769 Iowa
1108 Iowa storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Martin Oil Co., 280 filling station, $3,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Cottingham & Butler, alterations, $9,000 (Building permits)
800 Main
900 Main alterations, $2,600 (Building permits)
Hills & Dales, 902 Main same, $2,600 (Building permits)
77
Downto~vn Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
976 Main same, $1,000 (Building permits)
Washington erect two story brick bldg., $39,000 (Building permits)
1941
Illinois Central R.R., freight depot alterations, $1,500 (Building permits)
Central
Wallpaper & Paint, 1585 two-story addition to brick bldg., $6,000 (Building permits)
Central
Perfection Oil Co., 285 filling station, $2,500 (Building permits)
Locust
Fischer & Co., 880 garage, $15,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Hartig Drug Co., 730-36 alterations, $5,000 (Building permits)
Main
Cottingham & Butler, same, $1,200 (Building permits)
800 Main
923 Main same, $5,000 (Building permits)
Maple cooler bldg, $34,000 (Building permits)
175 East 4'~ steel shop, $30,000 (Building permits)
225 East 4~ metal garage, shed $3,100 (Building permits)
Linehan & Molo, East public garage, $3,000 (Building permits)
5th & Iowa
1138 Central reside frame bus. bldg., $1,000 (Building permits)
H. Trenkle & Co., 1250- reface three-story brick bldg., $200 (Building permits)
56 Central
1942
904 Iowa i alterations, $1,920 (Building permits)
Julien Dubuque Bridge, toll house for bridge, $32,000 (Building permits)
Dodge & Locust
831 Main alterations to 3-story bldg., $4,000 (Building permits)
856 Main alterations, $5,000 (Building permits)
White & 3r° alterations to railway passenger station, $4,900 (Building
permits)
280 West 6TM alterations to brick bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
1943
Unidentified "landmark" ' destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, January 10, 1943).
Marmis-Solomon Plant destroyed by fire (Telegraph-Herald, April 4, 1943).
Julien Dubuque Bridge new $3.12 million bridge serves as a toll bridge until 1954.
It's location draws downtown and traffic southward from
the old crossing at 4~h/7th streets (Dubuque, The Birthplace
of Iowa).
833 Main building, $1,500 (Building permits)
882 White addition, $5,000 (Building permits)
Dubuque Packing Co., loading dock, $3,000 (Building permits)
East 16th
1944
Illinois Central Railroad Demolition (Telegraph-Herald, June 25, 1944).
Passenger Depot
DBQ Auto Supply Co, one story addition, $4,000 (Building permks)
906 Central
471 Io~va alteration to brick bldg., $3,000 (Building permits)
280 West 6m alterations, $15,000 (Building permits)
78
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1945
Central one stow brick bldg., $4,000 (Building permits)
Fischer Co., 3r~ & Iowa new front to brick bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
Firstar, 871 Main boiler room, $2,500 (Building permits)
1236 Iowa erect stone fronts, $43,000 (Building permits)
756 Main store, to first floor, $8,000 (Building permits)
Cottingham & Butler, rear loading dock, $2,200 (Building permits)
800 Main
Fischer Co., 951 Main new store front in brick, $2,000 (Building permits)
Interstate Power Co., one stow building, $2,000 (Building permits)
East 8th
East 9TM alterations to four-stow brick manufacturing bldg., $25,000
(Building permits)
1946
Pine & 12TM, A.Y. new plant, site occupied by company as early as 1900,
McDonald demolished 1982 for U.S. Highway 61 (Lyon, pp. 297-98).
Canfield Hotel, 4~ worst fire disaster (Telegraph-Herald, August 14, 1946).
Allied Educational Film storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Service, i369 Central
Miller Radio, 1695 building, $5,000 (Building permits)
Central
824 Locust alterations, $3,000 (Building permits)
Veterans of Foreign club house, $35,000 (Building permits)
Wars, 444 Main
630 Main storefront, $8,000 (Building permits)
Washington warehouse addition, $15,000 (Building permits)
Mix Concrete Co., 125 one stow office, $4,000 (Building permits)
Dodge
East 17m & Cedar addition, $28,000 (Building permits)
1947
Customs House, 9~ and demolished (Telegraph-Herald, Augnst 17, 1947).
Locust
Karigan's two stoW building, $30,000 (Building permits)
Restaurant/Sfikas
Restaurant, 401 Central
1437 Central brick building, $2,000 (Building permks)
1520 Central masonw bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
1766 Central rear addition, $1,800 (Building permits)
1177 Elm concrete garage, office bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
668 Iowa boiler room alterations, $1,500 (Building permits)
Pauts Tavern, 176 first floor addition, $1,900 (Building permits)
Locust
Midland Chemi6als, 65- addition, $950 (Building permits)
75 Main
Mix Concrete Co., 125 boiler house, $2,000 (Building permits)
Dodge
Adams Co., 100 E. 4m warehouse, $1,500 (Building permits)
222 East 4TM one stow steel bldg., $2,900 (Building permits)
151 East 9m loading dock, $2,600 (Building permits)
1948
Fischer Co., 1084 Iowa [ I building, $6,000 (Building permits)
79
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
I St. Vincent DePaul, erect masonry bldg, $30,000
1351 Iowa
US West, 900 Locust two-stow bldg., $310,000 (Building permits)
72 Main storefront, $2,500 (Building permits)
Leath & Co, 666 Main brick bldg., $9,000 (Building permits)
Cottingham & Butler, entrance alterations, $3,000 (Building permits)
800 Main
10TM & White alterations to one stow tile bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
Canfield Hotel, 34-36 addition to six-story bldg., $40;000 (Building permits)
West 4t~
Firstar, 270 West 7TM one stow masonry bldg., $56,000 (Building permits)
1949
755 Central addition to brick bldg., $5,000 (Building permits)
Sheet Steel, 1056 rear addition, $1,980 (Building permits)
Central
Faber Music Co., 1157 business bldg., $20,000 (Building permits)
Central
825 Washin~on dry kiln, $30,000 (Building permits)
1950
305 Jones recoat masonry bldg., $500 (Building permits)
Walsh Stores, 1246 brick bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
Central
1278 Central storefront, $900 (Building permits)
1440 Central concrete block garage, $3,000 (Building permits)
1685 Central erect office bldg., $800 (Building permits)
410 Iowa alteration to brick dwg., $1,200 (Building permits)
Hartig Drug, 93 Locust one stoW bldg., $45,000 (Building permits)
57 Main unloading dock, $1,000 (Building permits)
Business Supply, 356 storefront, $4,000 (Building permits)
i Main
976 Main storefront, $4,000 (Building permits)
Washin~on addition to brick bldg., $70,000 (Building permits)
Washington unloading dock, $1,500 (Building permits)
46 West 6~" building, $18,000 (Building permits)
75 East 4~ same, $1,000 (Building permits)
Morrison Bros., 410 East unloading dock, $1,200 (Building permits)
7th
Express, 450 Central new storefront, $3,100 (Building permits)
1951
824 Locust brick front alterations, $8,000 (Building pemfits)
Adams Co., 100 East 4~ warehouse, $4,000 (Building permits)
Morrison Bros., 410 East addition to factory, $15,000 (Building permits)
7t~
1952
Feye Bros, Auto Body alterations to three-stow bldg., $4,500 (Building permits)
Shop, 678 Central
668 Iowa storefront, $2,500 (Building permits)
1220 Iowa [store£ront, $1,500 (Building permits)
245 Jones service station, $20,000 (Building permits)
849 Central storefront, $1,200 (Building permits)
Dubuque Bank & Trust, exterior alterations, $2,000 (Building permits)
80
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1398 Central
1256 Iowa one-stow rear addition, $2,000 (Building pemfits)
1953
Continental Oil Co., 52 filling station, $20,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Shell Oil Co., 3r° & station, $1,500 (Building permits)
Locust
US West, 900 Locust alterations to exterior, $4,000 (Building permits)
Capri Cosmetology, 375 one stow masonry building, $25,000 (Building permits)
Main
Morrison Bros., 410 East alterations to factory, $2,000 (Building permits)
7th
Trenkle Co., 1227 addition to brick bldg., $55,000 (Building permits)
Central
1954
1 I45 Elm I steel warehouse, $20,000 (Building permits)
Metz Mfg. Co., i6m & building, $25,000 (Building permits)
Elm
1171-79 Iowa new front door, $1,000 (Building permits)
Kalmes Break Time, rear porch, $1,500 (Building permits)
1097 Jackson
Bridge Restaurant, 31 one story masonry bldg., $7,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Molo Oil Co., 5TM & , station, $8,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Conrad Enterprises, 6t" steel storage bldg., $8,000 (Building permits)
& White
1955
Standard Oil Col, 895 service station, $16,000 (Building permits)
Central
Industrial park, Eagle first industrial park open only to new businesses, 21 plants
Point/Lake Peosta there by 1969. This was in response to a post-World War II
tendency for firms to establish multiple branch firms away
from main plants (Lyons, p. 121).
Alliant Industries, 1001 erect three-stow office bldg., $250,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Tri State Oil Co., 22 service station, $15,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Kunnert Sporting Goods, entrance alterations, $2,000 (Building permits)
302 Locust
American Trust & alterations, $40,000 (Building permits)
Savings Co., 899 Main
Molo Oil Co., West 14TM filling station alterations, $1,800 (Building permits)
27 East 15~ one stow bldg., $8,000 (Building permits)
Bon Ton Bakery, 1542 bldg., $2,500 (Building permits)
Central
Eagle Food Center, 1808 masonry supermarket, $1 i0,000 (Building permits)
Elm
Iowa Oil Co., 402 filling station, $13,000 (Building permits)
Locust
1957
Appel Crystal Cleaners, I I addition, $17,000 (Building permits)
81
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
555 Central
Smokestack, Moore's demolished (Telegraph-Herald, September 1, 1957).
Mi!l, local landmark
Salvation Army, 1099 addition to tw'o-story bldg., $108,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Jackson service station, $20,000 (Building permits)
Molo Oil Co., 5~' & addition to service station, $6,000 (Building permits)
Locust
W. S. Sheppley Co., 84 rear addition, $4,500 (Building permits)
& Locust
U.S. West, 900 Locust addition to two-stow bldg., $115,000 (Building permits)
American Trust & four story store bldg., $600,00.0 (Building permits)
Savings, 855 Main
220 West 5t alteration rear brick bldg., $1,800 (Building permits)
1958
194 Locust service station, $14,000 (Building permits)
Jaeger Hardware Co., storefront, $5,000 (Building permits)
622 Main
House of China, 80I erect one stow bldg., $73,000 (Building permits)
Main
Pine, 15~~ 16tn masonry watch tower, $5,500 (Building perm'its)
Dubuque Ready Mix storage bldg., $2,500 (Building permits)
Concrete Co., 125
Dodge
1959
146 Bluff [ masonry storage bldg., $35,000 (Building permits)
Dubuque Hatchery, 602 rear frame addition, $1,900 (Building permits)
Central
Welu Printing Co., 1685 masonry garage, $4,000 (Building permits)
Central
Washington Park, 6t~ & bldg., $45,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Capri College, 395 Main storefront, $5,000 (Building permits)
Cottingham & Butler, alterations, $65,000 (Building permits)
800 Main
City of Dubuqe concrete block bldg, $8,000 (Building permits)
Recreation Dept., E. 4t~
1960
Goodyear Tire & Rubber addition, $12,000 (Building permits)
Co., 8th & Central
Universal Motors, 990 two stow garage, $ I 15,000 (Building permits)
Central
Engineering Products loading dock, $3,000 (Building permits)
Co., 250 Iowa
Bridge Cafe, 35 Locust floor, $1,100 (Building permits)
Miracle Car Wash, 255 masonry bldg., $45,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Washington warehouse, $15,000 (Building permits)
1961
Dubuque Bank & Trust, drive in bank bldg., $30,000
West 14th .
82
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Dubuque Bank & Trust, storefrom, $17,000 (Building permits)
1382 Cenlral
Spahn & Rose Lumber storage bldg., $1,200 (Building permits)
Co., 1 I01 Jackson
1598 Jackson storefront, $2,000 (Building permits)
823 Main storefront, $4,500 (Building permits)
998 White conversion into motel units, $7,000 (Building permits)
Firstar, 232 West 7TM bank bldg., $781,000 (Building permits)
Midtown Marina, 775 masonry bldg., $2,200 (Building permits)
East 6th
1962
Alliant Utilities, 1001 four story addition, $195,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Fisher Co., 1084 Iowa addition to masonry bldg., $22,000 (Building permits)
Time, 1097 Jackson storefront, $1,500 (Building permits)
Bridge Caf6, 35 Locust rear addition, $7,500 (Building permits)
Continentel Oil CO., 505 service station, $19,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Herbst Upholstery, 76 alterations to masonry bldg., $6,000 (Building permits)
Main
I 0t~ & Washington loading dock, $5,000 (Building permits)
1084 White masonry storage bldg., $2,800 (Building permits)
1963
Park Square Tavern, 600 reface brick bldg, $750 (Building permits)
Central
1001 Central masonry drive-in restaurant, $30,000 (Building permits)
1564 Central storefront, $1,500 (Building permits)
333 Iowa alterations to brick bldg., $17,000 (Building permits)
Martin Oil Co., 280 service station, $10,500 (Building permits)
Locust
532 Locust storefront, $,500 (Building permits)
Hill & Dales, 902 Main new bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
A. Y. McDonald Mfg. steel warehouse, $11,000 (Building permits)
Co., 350 Dodge
Dubuque Supply Co., alterations to brick bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
585 White
Grand Opera House, 135 reface theater bldg., $10,000 (Building permits)
West 8th
1964
Telegraph-Herald, 801 building, $418,500 (Building permits)
Bluff
Iowa DOT, 83 Locust masonry bldg., $1,000,000 (Building permits)
City of Dubuque, 805 parking ramp, $1,000,000 (Building permits)
Locust
84 Main rear addition, $4,000 (Building permits)
Archdiocese of loading dock, $1,000 (Building permks)
Dubuque, 98 Main
Plastic Center Inc., 200 alterations to brick bldg., $80,000 (Building permits)
Main
Business Supply, 356 new front for three story bldg., $4,800 (Building permits)
Main
83
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1395 Washington storefront, $3,200 (Building permits)
A. Y. McDonald Mfg. new front, $47,000 (Building permits)
Co., 350 Dodge
Rafoth Furnace & Sheet alteration to warehouse, $12,000 (Building pemfits)
Metal Co., 1787 White
Jack's Auto Repair, East masonry office bldg., $7,000 (Building permits)
9th
1965
Dubuque Hatchery, 614 bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
Central
four buildings, 900s destroyed by fire, $500,000 loss (Telegraph-Herald, April
block of Main 30, 1965).
725-27 Central storefront, $3,000 (Building permits)
514 Iowa alterations to brick bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
American Trust & drive in bank, $50,000 (Building permits)
Savings Bank, 913
Locust
Dubuque Glass, 197 ' new storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Main
962 Main one story bldg., $161,000 (Building permits)
Chamber of Commeme, tourist booth, $5,000 (Building permits)
325 Dodge
Dubuque Bank & Trust, bank, $11,000 (Building permits)
50 West 14th
331 East 6~ steel bldg., $3,500 (Building permits)
Midtown Marina, 775 addition, $1,200 (Building permits)
East 6th
1966
6~ & Iowa alterations to brick bldg., $1,500 (Building permits)
62 Locust addition, $25,000 (Building permits)
Besler Chiropractic, 105 alterations to brick bldg., $2,500 (Building permits)
Locust
Shot Tower Im~, 390 erect masonry restaurant bldg., $71,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Enterp, 190 Main stomfront, $2,500 (Building permits)
Plastic Center, Inc., alterations to brick bldg., $80,000 (Building permits)
Main
Archdiocese of alterations to brick bldg., $74,000 (Building permits)
Dubuque, 701-29 Main
Cottingham & Butler, new storefront, $37,000 (Building permits)
800 Main
466 East 15~ addition to masonry bldg., $11,000 (Building permits)
1967
Rainbow Oil Co., 1410 masonry service station, $15,000 (Building permits)
Central
Miracle Car Wash, 255 addition to masoary bldg., $7,360 (Building permits)
Locust
US West, 900 Locust addition, $365,000 (Building permits)
Busted Lift, 180 Main new front to brick bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
10t~ & Washington bldg., and loading dock, $24,000 (Building permits)
Superior Welding Co., concrete garage bldg., $16,000 (Building permits)
1200 Washington
84
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Histor/cal Survey Report
1290 Washington masonry bldg., $10,000 (Building permits)
1798 Washington addition, $22 000 (Building permits)
Dubuque Ready Mix utility bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
Concrete Co., 125
Dodge
210 Jones loading dock, $10,000(Building permits)
Firstar, 270 West 7~ facilities, $33,900 (Building permits)
Interstate Power Co., alterations to brick bldg., $17,000 (Building permits)
East 8~
841 Cenlral storefront, $2,800 (Building permits)
1447 Central storefront, $1,480 (Building penuits)
Dubuque Blacktop Inc., storefront, $12,000 (Building permits)
1537 Central
Adams Realty, 1700 storefront, $3,000 (Building permits)
Central
Dubuque Iron & Metal steel storage bldg., $7,000 (Building permits)
Co., 144I Cedar
1968
Urban renewal program 15 city blocks re-developed, 128 buildings demolished, 38
acres, $12.5 million expended, Rosheks and Wards, two key
downtown department stores, re-locate to Kennedy Mall
completed and opened in 1970, then the largest enclosed
mall in Iowa (Des Moines Register, November 18, 1979;
Lyons, p. 239).
City floodwall $11 million, work starts in response to damage of flood of
1965, saved $4 million in potential losses in 1973 flood
(Lyons, pp. 160-161).
Spahn & Rose Lumber lumber shed, $35,000 (Building permits)
Co., 1105 Jackson
Bridge Cafe, 35 Locust rear addition, $1,000 (Building permits)
M. P. Hogan Inc., 305 masonry office bldg., $45,000 (Building permits)
Locust
US West, 900 Locust three story addition, $237,954 (Building permits)
9TM & Washington addition to warehouse, $62,000 (Building permits)
10TM & Washington smue, $65,000 (Building permits)
KDTH/KGRR, 346 West storefront, $5,000 (Building permits)
8t~
Morrison Bros., 410 East addition to factory, $4,500 (Building permits)
7m
1969
Express, 450 Central storefront, $3,000 (Building permits)
Dubuque Blacktop Inc., storefront, $30,000 (Building permits)
1473 Central
1766 Central storefront, $10,000 (Building permits)
City of Dubuque, 701 parking ramp, $685,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Fisher Co., 1000 Iowa masonry bldg., $25,000 (Building permits)
Bridge Restaurant, 31 side addition, $20,000 (Building permits)
Locust
48 t-83-85 Locust alterations, $5,000 (Building permits)
835 Main storefront $8,000 (Building permits)
City of,Dubuque, 11 fire station, $470,000 (Building permits)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
West 9~
100 East 7~ loading dock, $5,000 (Building permits)
Dubuque Iron & Metal addition to masonry bldg., $8,500 (Building permits)
Co., 466 East 15th
1970
805 Central one story masonry bldg., $50,000 (Building permits)
Universal Motors, 990 alterations, $11,000 (Building permits)
Central
Jorgas Restaurant, 890 masonry store bldg., $62,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
1220 Iowa storefront, $1,200 (Building permits)
Dave's 76, 500 Locust masonry service bldg., $68,000 (Building permits)
129 Main masonry addition to rear, $8,000 (Building permits)
Design Center Asso., alterations, $I3,500 (Building permits)
169 Main
Plastic Center, 200 Main alterations to brick bldg., $200,000 (Building permits)
233 Main same, rear, $5,000 (Building permits)
1330 White masonry office bldg., $14,000 (Building permits)
Abeln Abstract, 47 West same, $44,000 (Building permits)
7th
Molo Sand & Gravel, storage bldg., $4,000 (Building permits)
East 3rd
Rudzianski's Business storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Equip., 98 East l0th
1971
Time Finance Corp., masonry bldg., $22,000 (Building permits)
705-7 Central
Triangle Hatchery, 1451 storefront, $40,000 (Building permits)
Central
Oriole Club, 1602 stomfront, $3,500 (Building permits)
Central
Tri State Graphics, 500 masonry storage bldg., $91,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Sera-Tex Plasma Center, masonry store/service bldg., $160,000 (Building permits)
659-60 Iowa
1256 Iowa storefront, $1,000 (Building permits)
Miracle Car Wash, 255 masonry addition, $5,000 (Building permits)
Locust
Fischer & Co., 880 addition, $i90,000 (Building permits)
Locust
185 Main storefront, $3,000 (Building permits)
530 Main demolition by City (Building permits)
608 Main same
628 Main same
Adams Realty Co., 633- one story bldg., $500,000 (Building permits)
55-77 Main
636 Main demolition by City (Building permks)
NICC Dubuque Center, two-story building, $375,000 (Building permits)
700 Main
Alternative Services, 890 three-story building, $373,000 (Building permits)
Main
Chamber of Commerce, frame tourism booth, $9,000 (Building pemaits)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
325 Dodge
Auto Center, 465 East masonry warehouse, $8,000 (Building permits)
13th
1972
McDonalds, 620 Iowa masonry building, $72,000 (Building permits)
Salvation Army, 1099 addition to brick bldg., $126,988 (Building permits)
Iowa
320 Main stomfront, $10,000 (Building permits)
KI)TH?KGRR, 346 storefront, $35,000 (Building permits)
West 8th
First Congregational addition, $266,000 (Building permits)
Church, 255 West l0th
Fischer Co., 121 E. 4~ alterations to masonry bldg., $7,000 (Building permits)
Mississippi Valley Truck steel bldg., $62,000 (Building permits)
Co., 380 East 4th
51 East 9~ reside brick bldg., $13,417 (Building permits)
255 East 12t~ masonry business bldg., $18,000 (Building permits)
1973
City/Cot~n~ of law enforcement center, $1,041,048 (Building permits)
Dubuque, 789 Central
Miller Radio, 1599 remodel brick bldg., $2,745 (Building permits)
Central
Des IA Workfome, 590 brick office, $205,000 (Building permits)
Iowa
Buddy, Beck, Bradley 10x24 front addition, $7,500 (Building permits)
Ins., 198 Locust
400 East 7~ masonry/steel bldg., $42,000 (Building permits)
Spalm & Rose Lumber storefront, $35,000 (Building permits)
Co., 221 East 8th
1974
302 Iowa I alterations, addition to warehouse, $30,000 (Building
I
permits)
Dubuque County masonry office bldg., $43,000 (Building permits)
Abstract & Title/C.
Klauer Construction, 830
Iowa
Spahn & Rose Lumber addition to warehouse, $15,000 (Building permks)
Co., 1101 Jackson
US West, 900 Locust addition to masonry bldg., $302,000 (Building permits)
Old Towne Shoppe, 163 storefront, $4,500 (Building permits)
Main
Five Flags, 405 Main restoration of theater, $85,579, $15,000, $376,398,
(Building permits)
A. Y. McDonalds Mfg. masonry warehouse, $40,000 (Building permits)
Co., 350 Dodge
Premier Bank, 140 West masonry office bldg., $86,000 (Building permits)
9th
Geisler Bros. Co., 340 masonry/steel factory, $136,836 (Building permits)
East 12th
1975
484 Central I I reside brick, $2,600 (Building permits)
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Downtown Dubuque, Arctfitectural and Historical Survey Report
Fischer, Inc. 698 Central demolish top two stories brick bldg., $4,000 (Building
permits)
Jackson alteration~ to brick bldg., $44,736 (Building permits)
Dubuque Museum of masonry bldg., $383,188 (Building permits)
Art, 70I Locust
Dubuque Insulation & alterations to brick bldg., $5,000 (Building permits)
Siding Co., 210 ½ Main
Dubuque Insulation & same, $5,000 (Building permits)
Siding Co., 214 W. 1st
The Adams Co., i00 brick bldg., $2,800 (Building permits)
East 4tla
Teamsters Local, 195 E. alterations masonry, bldg., $44,736 (Building permits)
14th
Linden Propeller Co., masonry bldg., $11,000 (Building permits)
480 East I4th
1976
Kunnert Sporting Goods, : addition to brick bldg., $48,000 (Building permits)
302 Locust
833-35 Main storefront, $2,500 (Building permits)
100 West 12~ bldg., $85,325 (Building permits)
R&T Pallet Ltd., 545 frame factory, $18,500 (Building permits)
East 19th
1977
Total Structures, 815 steel bldg., $1,112,000 (Building permits)
Central
Sutters Bakery, 1353 alterations masonry bldg., $2,000 (Building permits)
Central
Welu Printing Co., 1679 masonry bldg., $35,850 (Building permits)
Central
Spahn& Rose Lumber addition to masonry warehouse, $80,000 (Building permits)
Co., 10t~ & Jackson
378 Main reside front of brick bldg., $1,000 (Building permits)
Washington loading dock, brick bldg., $5,000 (Building permits)
Abeln Abstract, 47 West addition to masonry bldg., $63,000 (Building permits)
7th
The Adams Co., 100 reside bldg, $15,000 (Building permits)
East 4th
Interstate Power, East 8~" substation addition, $19,425 (Building permits)
Auto Center, 465 E. 13t~ concrete block garage, $5,000 (Building permits)
480LindenEastPr°peller14t~ Co., bldg., $10,000 (Building permits)
1978
1006 Central masonry bldg., $57,734 (Building permits)
Duggan Realty, 951 masonry office bldg., $93,500 (Building permits)
Iowa
Iowa Street True Value, alterations to masonry bldg., $7,000 (Building permits)
1300-02 Iowa
Miracle Car Wash, 255 alterations to masonry bldg., $15,500 (Building p6rmits)
Locust
Tanktek Industries, East addition to steel factory bldg, office addition, $245,751
7th (Building permits)
American Trust & balcony alterations, $125,000 (Building permits)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Savings, 899 Main
1979
City ofDubuque, 360
West 106
Five Flags Center
library addition, 4705,568 (Building permits)
$5 million, opens next to Majestic/Orpheum Theater (Des
Moines Register, April 1, 1979).
1980
Strand Theater, Main, 5m
to 66 streets
Interstate Finance Co.,
103i Iowa
Thiesen Dist. Inc., 330
East 8th
gutted by fire, finally demolished (Telegraph-Herald,
August 3, 1980).
masonry office bldg, $547,000 (Building permits)
construct store fronts, $4,224 (Building permits)
1981
remodel masonry/steel bldg., $426,608 (Building permits)
Telegraph-Herald, 801
Bouff,
62 Locust
wind generator bldg., $13,100 (Building permks)
Capri College, 395 Main alterations to comm./ed bldg, $19,000 (Building permits)
Kunnert Sporting Goods, remodel exterior of brick bldg., $3,000 (Building permits)
302 Locust
Teamsters Local, 195 addition, $98,000 (Building permits)
East 146
Radford Road Industrial second city industrial park, receives plants relocated by U.S.
Park Highway 61, land purchased 1980, $236 million (Lyons, p.
121).
1982
A. Y. McDonald Plant,
126 years old
Dubuque Rescue
Mission, 398 Main
Cottingham & Butler,
800 Main
1983
Demolished for U.S.Highway 61, plant relocates to Radford
Road Industrial Park (Des Moines Register, September 14,
1982).
exterior/interior alterations, $35,000 (Building permits)
alterations, $1,800,000 (Building permits)
841 Central
Jaeger Auto Sales, 1098
Central
Lanes Carpeting, 1290
Central
Servpro, 1044 Iowa
262 Main
1984
Bicycle World, 1072
Central
Walsh Stores, 1301
Central
TFM Co., 253 Main
Business Supply, 356
Main
Shot Tower Inn, 290
West 46
replace windows, $5,000 (Building permits)
fraxne bldg., $6,274 (Building permits)
storefront, $2,300 (Building permits)
alterations, $9,000 (Building permits)
alterations, no figure (Building permits)
addition to brick bldg., $7,725 (Building permits)
replace glass with wood siding, $500 (Building permits)
alterations to brick bldg., $10,000 (Building permits)
building, $26,300 (Building permits)
addition to frame bldg., $63,000 (Building permits)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
NW Bell Telephone, 256 demolish two story brick bldg. (Building permits)
West l0th
Interstate Power Co. steel storage bldg., $69,957 (Building permits)
East 6th
Rental Service Corp., addition to frame bldg., $25,732 (Building permits)
390 East 12th
Superior Welding Co., frame garage, $131,700 (Building permits)
465 East i2th
Big I 0 Mart, Central alterations, close six windows with plywood, $40,000
(Building permits)
Walsh Stores, 1301 plywood, $500 (Building permits)
Central
City of Dubuque, 335 demolish bldg. (Building permits)
Iowa
Dubuque Rescue alterations to brick/frame bldg., $5,000 (Building permits)
Mission, 398 Main
768-98 Main alterations, $200,000 (Building permits)
Quik Lube, 990 White demolish bldg, erect service station, $84,000 (Building
permits)
The Adams Co., 100 factory, $200,000 (Building permits)
East 4th
Moldt Electric, 490 East one story bldg., 48x92, $70,000 (Building permits)
14th
1986
520 Central frame bldg., $45,000 (Building permits)
1046 Central exterior repairs, $1,300 (Building permits)
Walsh Stores, 1301 reside part of store front, $200 (Building permits)
Central
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Commercial Styles over Time:
The multiple property document defines the successive architectural styles as they applied to ali classes
of property. This section of the report focuses specifically on commercial and industrial buildings, their types
and styles, as they changed over time. It also gathers then contemporary Dubuque references and descriptions to
those types and styles.
The very flint storeffonts Were of frame construction. These are poorly documented in photographs but
a few are shown in the lithographs made by Mr. Ballou in 1858 (refer to the historical overview in this report).
Frame stomfronts could be both large and stylish, and they could be readily enlarged or relocated to fit changing
needs. Brick buildings were being built in Dubuque by the mid-1840s and by the mid-1850s brick commercial
blocks were preferred, if only because they were mom fire-re'sistant and conveyed an image of a thriving new
city.
Structural cast iron was first used, beginning in the 1830s, as a cheaper alternative to stone carvings. It
could be cast to duplicate hand carved stone trim work and this substitution was opposed to having iron
masquerade as another material. Iron was also valued in America as a tire-resistant material, a claim that was
not dismissed until the great fires in Boston and Chicago after the Civil War. Iron enabled designers to build
significantly larger and finally taller buildings than was previously possible. The famous Crystal Palace
(London, 1850-51) composed of an iron frame and a sheet glass exterior, was the world's largest building and it
influenced architecture and building world wide. As the account below indicates, cast iron was a readily
accepted commercial building material throughout America as of the late 1850s, and Dubuque even had its own
producer of the material. As the Ballou lithographs and other early images indicate, the hay day of ornamental
cast iron did not arrive in Dubuque until c. 1872, at which time it became the standard, both for storefrouts and
ornamental cornices. There is no evidence that any early iron skeleton buildings were built in Dubuque, apart
from the expected gas storage tanks and the like. Conservative Dubuque would continue to rely on load-bearing
slow-burn construction methods, augmented with a generous proportion of massive stone foundations and
trimwork (Gelernter, pp. 154-7).
THE NEW STYLE OF BUILDING--IRON FRONTS~IRON HOUSES--
RAILiNGS, CAPSi SILLS, COLUMNS, ETC--There is perhaps no
department of practical art which has made so much progress within the last
few years as that of Architecture. We can all remember the days when the
principal feature of our houses, stores and warehouses, was their unmitigated
ugliness. They were sknply great piles of brick and mortar...apparently
designed [in] violation of all the rules of symmetry, proportion, elegance and
comfort.., now we see long rows of edifices, beautiful and harmonious in their
proportions, and combining the greatest elegance with the uanost durability and
safety. Many of these edifices, erected for the most ordinary and hum-drum
purposes of commerce and trade, are as beautiful as a Grecian Temple, and as
substantial as the eternal hills...
The great progress which Architecture has made in America during the last
few years is attributable, in a very great degree, to the introduction of iron as a
material for building. This most useful of all metals has effected a complete
revolution in all the previous modes of Architecture. We spent some time
yesterday in examining the office of Dibotl & Plack, architects and builders,
No. 111 Main street, up stairs, a number of plans for iron buildings, which
excited our approbation and astonishment. Designs of the most beautiful
descriptions, combining every elegance of finish with the greatest strength and
security, were among them. A massive five story building, with a front entirely
of cast iron, and ornamental with the most elaborate and beautiful designs,
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
sustained an appearance of the most perfect lightness and harmony. The
columns which support it were perfect gems ofbeanty, and its entire
appearance was at once sublime and practical.
Messrs. Diboll & Plack are prepared to execute with promptness and economy
all descriptions of Iron Work for buildings, from a simple wire railing up to an
entire five story building. They have the most extensive arrangement with the
manufactures !n the East, and can erect iron buildings as cheap and as ~vell as
any firm in the Union. They are also agents for al kinds of iron railings,
window caps and sills, etc., etc. Besides this, they have a number of agencies
for stained and enameled glass for churches, etc. and their specimens of these
manufactures are exceedingly handsome. Their plans for buildings are very
attractive, and will be found to amply repay an examination.
Besides, their business in the line we have indicated, this firm has a very
extensive business as general builders, and have erected this season a number o
very handsome houses. They have contracts for several more, to be
commenced early in the spring, and if the other builders of the city are favored
with equal amounts of orders, we shall have a very large amount of building
performed in the next spring.
Dubuque Tribu~e, December 18, 1857
A Dubuque alternative or at least a variation to the cast iron front was the stone storefront, substituting
stone colunms and lintels for the ironwork. More commonly, a continuous stone lintel was combined with iron
columns. These lintel treatments are commonly found on smaller isolated storefronts but also appear on some of
the largest commercial fronts. They mostly date to the early post-Civil War years although there are later
exceptions. Examples are all found in the more northerly reaches of the downtown, although this might simply
reflect the survival of earlier buildings in those areas. Yet another unusual stone/iron combination is found on
just two blocks along Central Avenue, between 16th and 18th streets. A number of storefronts, all of which are
on the west side of Central, have iron columns that are set atop stone footings and thresholds.
I626 Central Avenue, I880 (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
Later example of the solid stone lintel element.
92
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Figure: New Odd Fe!lows Hall, 1858 (Ballnu)
Figure: 1858 commercial storefroms (details from Gilbert)
The narrow storefronts in all of these 1858 storefront examples appear to indicate the absence of cast
iron in their construction. These are likely stone or frame storefronts. Most of these examples offer plain brick
facades with flat window sills and lintels and unelabomted parapet fronts. Only two examples offer elaborate
cornices and parapet designs. The Odd Fellows Hall is of special interest because of its temple-like window
bays that are cut into an otherwise plainly executed fagade. Note that three stories is the norm for height, but
there is a great variation in total height. Many parapets are cut down almost to the lintel levels of the upper
windows.
1866 storefronts (City of Dubuque Lithograph)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
More 1866 storefronts (City of Dubuque Lithograph)
Still more 1866 storefronts (City of Dubuque Lithograph)
Just eight years later, Dubuque storefronts were sporting a considerable mount of cast iron storefronts.
Of 13 examples pictured above, just a couple appear to lack the ironwork. Several appear to have the
continuous stone lintels and none have substantial transom openings. Banks are not yet architecturally
distinguished although the First National Bank (left hand, third figure) boasts ornamental stone lintels and an
elaborate parapet and cornice front. Most of the examples still have fairly plain brick fronts although this might
be more reflective of the limitations of lithography. One building had stone quoins on its front corners and
others have corbelled or denticulated brick parapets. One example appears to have a rounded corner and there is
a four-story buiding.
Figure: Bonson's New' Block, 1874 (Times, February 17, I874)
Bonson's Block, shown above, typifies the juncture of traditional local building design with the cast
iron storefront and ornamental cornice components. The fagade is conservative in its elevation, the cornice and
parapet lines running closely above the upper window lintel line. The stone ornament is more flamboyant, both
94
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
in the lintels and sills. The brickwork features recessed vertical indentations between the windows, a reversed
pilaster element. The stomfront combines stone endwall and center stone columns with quoins, a solid stone
lintel, and a cast iron and plate glass infill. The storefronts are still quite narrow. Note the vertical emphasis in
the fagade that is imparted by the window alignment.
Commercial Typology:
Commercial buildings embody both style and type. Style is the more problematic of these two
classifications. For the most part, commercial buildings will be primarily categorized as types, and secondarily
by style. Commonly, the same building design includes multiple design elements, but cmmot be categorized by
any single style. Many styles were simply not very applicable to commercial design. For the purposes of this
typology, commercial and public building will be combined, these being the dominant building types in the
downtown area.
Commercial Types:
Commercial buildings in this study comprise two closely related sub-types, the one and two pan
commercial subtypes as defined by architectural historian Richard Longstreth. His typology is generally
accepted nationally and has proved to be very useful in organizing and describing commercial buildings. His
typology is most applicable to retail buildings and office buildings, hotels, and theaters. It largely omits free-
standing multi-fronted buildings (particularly isolated automobile related buildings such as filling stations,
diners) that do not tend to fully occupy their lots. Longstreth has defined 11 basic commercial building types
and his is the most comprehensive schema for use in Dubuque. His types are all defined by the fundamental
massing and facade arrangement and each type more or less persists over the years 1850-1950, and each tends to
be influenced by the same styles, popular changes and evolving technologies and the availability of new
building materials. Longstreth does not proceed to further subdiyide each of his types. There am three super
groups in the typology. Six types deal with buildings that have their facades divided into clear zones. Seven
types cover buildings with facades that have distingnishing major design elements but are not broken into zones.
One part commercial blocks tend to have neither zones or dominant distin~maishing elements. The types that
follow represent groups of buildings that share the same basic slructural or ornamental features. Usually these
same buildings also share comparable construction dates. Each type is largely defined by the elements or
treatments found in the upper story (if present) or the pediment. Storefronts are rarely original and change
constantly both in design and materials (Longstreth, pp. 7-23).
Commercial Facades That Are Divided Into Zones:
The Two-part Vertical Block (1850's-1950's):
This most common type had its origin in the combination shop and house of ancient times, but it
emerged as a common form in the mid-19~ Century. It can be as tall as three or four stories. The storefront
level is the public area while upper areas were less so, housing light manufacturing, storage, halls or residences.
The house/shop form persisted into the early 20th Century and is best exemplified in Dubuque by the comer
store/residence. The earliest examples (pre-1850) had simple plain facades with stone or brick pier defined
narrow storefronts. This same pattern was found in Dubuque.
Longstreth defines a second Victorian period for this type (1850s-1880s) during which facades became
more ornate. Windows were embellished, cornices more obvious and decorative, and floors distinguished by the
use of intervening belt courses and the like. Mechanized wood and stone processing, along with cast iron
enabled designers and builders to inexpensively ornament the buildings of this period. Buildings were larger,
having additional stories and the floor levels were higher. The availability of plate glass and cast iron allowed
for larger more open storefront windows and a more transparent slructural system. Banks favored this type and
offered the most uniform and elaborate of facades. Hotels (with more broadly spaced window patterns), theaters
and halls, and office buildings were also best suited to this type at this time. Halls could be identified by their
relatively taller two-story plans.
95
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical survey Report
The High Victorian phase of the type (1870's-80's, but as late as the early 1900s) brought with it a more
conspicuous ornamentation, covering a higher proportion of the fagade, and a greater variety of building
materials and colors. Windows were commonly varied in their size and shape by floor. Towers, bays, turrets.
and pavilions were used to elaborate the facades.
The Late 19t~ Century supplanted the exuberance of Victorian variety with a more academic (read
unified, balanced, orderly) design approach. Designs used classical traditions as their organzzing principal
Facades were consciously unobtrusive and controlled. Steel reduced the separation of storefront and the upper
stories. There was still more variety in materials and color with terra cotta and stacco being used. Upper level
windows were often larger. Many buildings combined High Victorian and the Beaux Arts influences.
Beginning in the late 1920s the Art Deco imparted a vertical emphasis to facades, while the Modem
style of the 1930s-40s focused on a horizontal, machine-derived effect. Bold colors and structural glass were
used in Modem designs (Longstreth, pp. 82-91).
Levi Block. southeast comer, Main and 6th streets. 1871 (advertisement, Telegraph-Herald, no date)
(Two-part commercial block type)
Byme Bros. Garage, 1888
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffman-#1~ 10359
96
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
A. A. Cooper Factory, 3rc and Main (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
The Stacked Vertical Block (c. 1850-t880S):
The stacked vertical block differs from the two-part commercial block in that ~a) it is five or more
stories high, (b) and its composition includes at least three horizontal divisions. Floors tend to be separated by
belt courses and are commonly distinctly lreated. The type is one of three taller ones that were developed in
response to rising urban land values and its original prototype was likely a taller stack of differentiated floor
levels. After the Civil War two sub-types emerged, one that varied the floor treatments, and another that
combined two or more floors into sub-groupings. The fagade u:eaunent was simplified during the late 19t~
Century academic movement. After 1900 the type persisted primarily in the larger hotel plans. The distinctive
feature of this type then is either a differential design treatment on the floor levels or a series of distinct
horizontal divisions (Longstreth, pp. 76-81)
The Two-Part Vertical Block (late 19th Centu~--1940s):
This is the second of three taller types that were responses to rising land values. It developed late
compared to many of the other types and represented an effort to simplify taller building designs. The type in its
purest form consists of a raised base, a higher lower section that might include a ground floor and mezzanine,
and a column shaft. It is differentiated by the Three-Part Vertical Block (see below) by the addition, in the latter
type, ora distinctive cap or third section. The type was popular for office buildings, public and institutional
buildings, hotels and department stores. The Romanesque and Art Deco styles were particularly applicable, the
latter because the shag component could be stepped back at its parapet, or it could be given a strong vertical
emphasis in ks surface composition. Unity or coherence of design, that is to say an effect that doesn't look like
a simple stacking of layers, was achieved only during the early 20th Century (Longstreth, pp. 24-53)
97
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Repor~
Bishop's Block. 90 Main, 1899 (photo/Sommer, p. 90'}
(Two-part commercial block type)
Unidentified comer block, undated (c.1890s), non-extant
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffrnan-#10 t6)
(Three-parr commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Bell Brothers Locust streets, 1895 (non-extant)
(Three-part commercial block type)
Y.M.C.A., 9~ and Iowa, 1894
(Center For Dubuque History, Lores College, Photo Hoffman-#01020)
The Three-part Vertical Block (late 1880's-1930's):
This subtype is counterpart of the taller counterpart of the two-part, with the distinction that the
uppermost grouping of floors (most commonly from one to three stories) is given a distinctive architectural
treatment which is analogous to the capital in the classical column. The American Trust, Banking and
Insurance, and the Security buildings all fall under this subtype (Longstreth, pp. 92-99)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
American Trust & Sa,~-ings Building, & Main, 1924
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffman #01094)
Enframed Block (Late 19th century-1940's):
The enframed block employs a wide and continuous border around its faCade that highlights the central
storefront zone. There is no height limit. Examples that are fewer than four stories tend to be broader plans,
while higher ones have narrower fronts. This type emerged at the turn-of-the century as an effort to bring more
order to the small and moderate range of commemial buildings. There is less distinction made between the
storefront proper and upper floors and those floors are commonly separated by spandrels. This type leant itself
to what is commonly termed "automobile-related" commercial architecture. The borders could be incorporated
into signage. The type was particularly suitable for theaters dm'ing the 1930s-40s. The Art Deco style also
worked welt with this type, and it was commonly expressed in a series of storefront (Longstreth, pp. 68-75)
Telegraph-Herald Building, Bluff and
100
(photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Central Block With Flanking Wings (1890's-1920's):
This subtype is most commonly associated with public and institutional buildings and derived from the
Italian Villa form. It emerged c.1800 along with the neo-classical revival and was used in the design of large
estate houses. It was used for public and institutional buildings and after 1900, a central classical pediment and
short side wings was commonly used in bank designs. A central dominant core is flanked by recessed
subordinate matching side wings. This subtype is commonly associated with commercial expressions of the
Second Empire and Romanesque styles. This type can range from two to four stories in height (Longstreth, pp.
116-17).
Carnegie-Stout Public Library, 11th& Bluff streets, W. G. Williamson, Architect (t901)
Federal Building, Locust and 4 streets, 1933
(architect's drawing, Telegraph-Herald, August 11, 1933).
Commercial Facades That Have Distinguishing Major Elements:
Enframed Window Wall: (1900-20)
This type is two to three stories high. The facade has a dominant classical central area~ usually a row of
columns, pilasters or a window arcade, commonly recessed somewhat behind the main wall plane. The end
bays are shorter, of the same height, and are part of the main wall plane. This type was mostly used for
public/insititutional buildings and banks. It differs from the Central Block in that there are no subordinate
sidewings. It differs from the Enframed Block in that there is no continuous border element (Longstreth, pp.
114-15).
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
The Temple Front: (i820-50; 1900-t940)
This type presents a single unified facade, this being a complete temple front. The type enjoyed two
periods of popularity. It emerged in the 1820s, based on Gl'eek temple models, and was used for
public/instkutional, and religious buildings. A commercial use came with the appearanee of bank examples
mid-century. Also popular were merchant exchanges and shopping arcades: During this period the temple front
was more structurally expressed. Two temple forms were employed, the prostyle, with a front array of colunms
across the entire fagade, and the distyle in antis, where endwalls enframe a smaller number of columns in a
pomh-like recess. The second period dates 1900-1940s and coincided with the academic architectural
movement. Banks, again, were the dominant application and many examples were on key comer locations with
turned comer facades. The inspiration for this second phase was Roman, and later English~French classical
models, and exmnples tend to be more ornamental than structural. Later examples in particular tuned to
column-like pilasters, engaged columns and the like and the Art Deco finally removed all detailing while
retaining the core form (Longstreth, pp. 100-107).
The Vault (1830s, 1900-40):
This type is essentially a hole in a massive wall, the apparent allusion being that of a fortified gateway.
The fagade has two components, the central opening (large, tall, deeply recessed) and the surrounding frame. It
differs from the enframed block type by virtue of the presence of this central dominant opening. In its first
iteration, it employed a nec-classical style in bank, church and public assembly halls. It returned c.1900 with
the academic movement and was commonly applied to banks and theaters and a few retail buildings. By the
1920s Prairie and other influences eliminated or abstracted the classical surround and focused on such
ornamentation as massive combination entryways and transoms. By the 1940s, examples presented plain
facades that were interrupted only be vertical door and window slits (see Tele~aph-Herald building)
'(Longstreth, pp. 108-13).
Arcaded Block (1900-1930):
This elongated subtype features an arcade or loggia which covers its fagade. Examples range from two
to three stories in height. It is derived from the Italian Renaissance and was applied mostly to banks and larger
retail stores (Longstreth, pp. 118-19).
Commercial Facades That Neither Multiple Zones Or Distinguishing Major Elements:
The One-Part Commercial Block (c. 1850-present):
This type resides outside of all 0fthe others. It is essentially a fra~rnentary category, being the lower
half or storefront component of the Two-Part Block. It emerged in themed-19~ Century primarily as "a claim
staked on urban ground" in Longstreth's words. It represented a limited interim development on urban land that
was going to appreciate in value, so it was speculative in ks origins. Longstreth describes the type as "a simple
box" with a decorated fagade, and an urban form. Its earliest examples were narrow fronted and consisted
merely of display area, an entrance and a cornice/parapet cap. The wall space between the storefront and cap
was commonly extended upwards to provide space for advertising (a false front effect). Bank examples tended
to be taller and more embellished. The type became commonplace in the early 20tn Century and ~vas prone to
following arterial developments (streetcar lines) given the rising value of the nearby lots. Between 1900 and
1920, facades were restrained in their pretentiousness. After 1920, and in response to automotive influences,
ostentation rammed full blown and the type was embraced for auto related businesses, theaters, and particularly
retail outlets. The type was perfect for picturesque styles, Spanish, Art Deco or Modern applications. The Art
Deco emphasized the vertical design elements while the Modern and later examples used the horizontal unity of
elongated or linked matching storefronts. Chain stores were particularly drawn to the type and many stomfronts
in older buildings were redesigned as One-Part Blocks, virtually ignoring the upper stories. Post-World War II
examples returned to a restrained design, and used the wall plane merely as a background (Longstreth, pp. 54~7).
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Downtown Dubuque, Arckitectural and Historical Survey Report
This is the single story version of the two-part type, being essentially only the storefront component,
with or without a false front/parapet and cornice line being set above it. The origin of this type was the frontier
and suburb and it was commonly expressed in frame construction. This type also includes many later bank
buildings although it was overwhelmingly a retailing building type. The same general transitional phases mark
the evolution of this type. By the 20th Century detailing was simpler with a greater uninterrupted array of
display.glass being possible. The Modeme influence resulted in a deeply recessed entrance with a simple wall
surface above.
Commercial Style:
Early Republic/Early Classical Revival/Federal S .tyle:
2306 Central Avenue (1881 ) (photo by Jim Jacobsen, 2000)
(Two-part commercial block type)
While too late to be a true Federal example, the high pitched side gable form with protective
raised parapet walls on either side, is a form that is associated with this style. The form persists well
into the late-19t~ Century in Dubuque.
First Julian Hotel, Main and 3r° streets (c.1856) (non-extant)
(Three-part commemial block type)
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo LS-#602)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
The Hotel Julien was a true Federal example although the cupola and attic level are more Italianate in
orlgm.
Late Victorian/Italianate Style:
City Hall (1857-58) original appearance. J. N. Moody, architect (photo, Sommer, p. 59)
(Two-part commercial block type)
The Italianate style is embodied in the elongated windows, the oriole windows, cupola and brackets.
This building was of course a combination public and commercial building in its origin, serving as a market on
its lower floor and basement.
656 Main Street
(Two-part commercial block type)
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo NGL-#1553)
This five-storefront was located on the east side of Main, just south of the Levi Block, has not been
dated but likely dates to c.1856-57. Note the heavy denticulated cornice, and the differing window- lintel
t04
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
treatments on each floor. There are few' if any cast iron storefronts visible and the early image (from a
stereopticon card. Note the early signage and the unusual parapet level drug store promotions of specific
products rather than the store itself.
U.S. Customs House/Federal Building (1860) (non-extant, demolished 1947)
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffman-#01018)
(With additional stories this would be a Stacked block type)
The Customs House conveys a strong Italian villa feeling in its design, with the strongly demarcated
floor levels, the arcades of windows on the ground level of the fagade, and the rusticated ground level
stonework. There is a prominent cornice. An element of particular interest was the wall projection that was
centered on each front, projecting from the spring stone level above each window grouping.
1672 Central, Lenz Monument, c. 1880
(Two-part commercial block type)
This is an example ora later storefront with a solid stone lintel. The storefront, while not original, is
very early. This is a very traditional desi~ma, a combination of residential and commercial influences.
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Downtown Dubuque, Arch/tectural and Historical Survey Report
Unidentified Hall, possibly located at .nd Central, undated but likely pre, Civil War, non,extant.
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffman-#00398)
(Two-part commercial block type)
Compare this design to the Odd Fellows Hall that is pictured earlier in this report, and which dates to
c. 1857. This was cerminly a hall or theater on its upper floors, given the large amount of window area. The
facade is a plain surface that is interrupted by the connected window panels. Pilasters or columns with stone
capitals flank the faqadei Corbelled brick forms a cornice along the base of the parapet front. The chimney
placement hints at the use of a ip roof form.
Three buildings, southeast comer, Main and 11 (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
(Two-part commercial block types)
Three early 1870 multiple storefront blocks on Main Street are representative of the very plain
commercial designs that persisted after the Civil War. Two of these examples evolved either from earlier single
storefronts or brick double houses. The window treatments are simple, with semi-cimular brick arches or plain
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectaral and Historical Survey Report
stone sills and lintels, and the facades are all unelaborated in their brickwork. Each building sports a pressed
metal cornice.
Athenaeum Theater, 403-19 Main Street, undated
(Center For Dubuque History, Lores College, Photo Ham House-#843
(Two-pm commercial block type)
In this example the storefront is elevated and is of cast iron construction. The design is elaborate with
comer quoins, separated and bracketed lintels with semi-circular forms, a semi-circular pediment and a massive
and most unusual parapet and cornice.
448 Main Street, 1883 (non-extant)
(Herald, May 2, 1888)
(Two-part commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
This is a simple four-story, triple storefront Italianate design. It is an extremely simple design with a
plain front, basic lintels and sills, plain parapet, and a cast iron storefront.
Late Victorian/Second Empire:
True Second Empire style is found in two forms, in true form with a complete Mansard attic roof form,
and in a commercial/row house form wherein only the fagade uses the Mansard form. The latter design
persisted well into the 1890s and early 20th Century in Dubuque. All of these are three-part commercial block
type examples because the Mansard serves as a distinct cap on the overall design.
1913-17 Jackson Street (1886) (photo by Jim Jacobsen, 2000)
(With additional stories this would be a stacked vertical block type)
The example shown above illustrates a commercial/apartment application of the style. The mansard
form is reduced to a faCade-only nearly vertical upper level treatment. An absolutely vertical version can be
found at 1902 White Street. An apartment building application is located 2095 Central Avenue.
J. P. Farley Manufacturing Company, Main Street (Times, October 31, 1886j non-extam
((With additional stories this would be a stacked vertical block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Late Victorian/Queen Anne:
1570-98 Central, J. Simones Block, 1884
(Two-part commercial block type)
1735-37 Central, Muntz Block, 1888
(Two-part commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1599 Central, c.late 1890s, (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
(Two-part commercial block type)
1732-36 Central, Fred A. Nesler Block, 1892
(Two-part commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
1543 Central, H. Richter Block, 1899
(Two-part commercial block type)
& Iowa, 1892 (non-extant)
Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo GRS #3469)
(Two-part commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Late Victorian/Romanesque:
Illinois Central Railroad Passenger Depot
(John Vachon photo, c.1940, American Memory, Library of Congress)
(Two-part commercial block type)
Grand Opera House, 8 and Iowa, 1889-90 (photo, Sommer, p. 132)
(Three-part commercial block type)
Dubuque Brewing and Malting Company (1894-95) (Architect's sketch, Sommer, p. 122)
(Three-part commercial block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Dubuque Star Brewery Company, 1898 (photo, Sommer, p. 120)
(Three-part commercial block type)
Late Victorian/Renaissance:
717-65 Iowa, t892 (non-extant)
(Two-part commercial block type)
Bank and Insurance Building
1894, original photo (photo, Sommer, p. 127)
(Slacked Vertical Block type)
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Downtowaa Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
438-46 Main Street, (Herald, January 23, 1896), non-extant
(Two-part commercial block type)
Security Building, 1896 (courtesy Loras College)
(Stacked Vertical Block tyPe)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals/Classical Revival:
Chamber of Commerc/Dubuque Club, southwest comer 9TM and Locust (non-extant)
(£nterprise. August 10, 1902)
Elks Club, Locust, 1915
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo Hoffman-#01019)
Union Trust & Savings Bank, Central & 14 , 1922,
(architect's drawing, Herald, April 16, 1922)
(Vault block type)
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
German Bank (1901-02, 342 Main Street) (Enterprise, November 7, 1901)
(Two-part Commercial Block type)
372 Main Street (c. 1910) (photo, A Walking Tour... South Dubuque)
(Two-part Commercial Block type)
Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals/Beaux Arts:
(Third) Dubuque County Courthouse, 720 Central Stree! (1891-93) [photo. Somrner, p. 148)
Is said by Sommer to represent the Beaux Arts Style but also reflects Romanesque
and Neoclassical, while Gephard says French Classicism) influences.
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectaral and Historical Survey Report
Late 19th Century And Early 20th Century American Movements/Prairie School:
No examples yet.
Late 19th Century And Eart¥ 20th Century American Movements/Bungalow/Craftsman:
Ne examples yet.
Modem Movement/Modeme:
104 Main, Harbor Place, 1926 (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
(Two-part Commercial Block type)
Roshek's Department Store, Locust and 8 ' streets, 1929-1931
(Three-Part Vertical Block)
t17
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
US West Building,
streets (photo by Jacobsen, 2002)
(Vault Block Type)
Registration Requirements: Individual Commercial Property Type:
Description:
The styles/types of this property type are treated in the s~yle/type section (see above). Survey and
research is required to fully document and distinguish the broad range of commercial property types in the city.
The majority of the commercial downtown area has not been surveyed and findings from the Phase I survey
represent mostly comer storefronts and whatever commercial properties have located along Central Avenue and
the lower reaches (above 18t~ Street) of Jackson, White and Washington streets. The range of types is based on
Richard Longstreth's commercial typology (see above).
Significance:
Context # I, Frontier City on the Mississippi River, 1833-1858:
Retail trade during this period was overextended and the Financial Panic of 1857 exposed this
vulnerability in Dubuque. The banking sector however the local amassment of capital from mining in particular
set the stage for future city growth. Very few commercial buildings survive from this period and those that do
are of considerable historical interest. A recent regrettable (2000) loss was the Merchant's Hotel, the last
surviving pre-Civil War hotel and a part of the Old Main historic district. It is more likely that private
residences survive which can be used to interpret the commercial theme for this time period.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
240 West Ist Street, Italianate, 1857, DOE
2317 Central Avenue, Schmid Brothers Brewery/Beer Hall/Spahn's, 1855, DOE
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
2327 Central Avenue, Italianate, 1855 (Phase I survey recommendation)
Context #2, The Key City, 1859-1893:
Small local retail firms in a few instances grew tremendously during this time period and many
buildings still survive. While subordinate to manufacturing and jobbing, commerce and particularly banking
and wholesale trade was of critical importance to the city's growth and success during these years. Capital was
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
amassed and local banks grew and multiplied. Ethnic defined businesses were plentiful and each major ethnic
group established its own shopping and services district. Many new or re-fronted buildings survive to interpret
this time period.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
813 8t~ Street, Grand Theatre, Richardsonian Romanesque, 1889, DOE (NRHP)
8th and Main streets, Security Building, 1890s, DOE
397 East 20th Street, J. J. Grode Jr. Building, Queen Anne. 1909. DOE (Phase I survey recommendation)
607 East 22nd Street, A. C. Pancratz Grocery, Commercial, 1900, DOE
1735 Central Avenue, Late Victorian, no date, DOE
1889 Central Avenue, 1880, DOE
1913-15 Central Avenue, J. OstdorfBuilding, 1890, DOE
1961-65 Central Avenue, no date, DOE
2180 Central Avenue, Knicker's Tavern, 1891. DOE (Phase I survey recommendation)
2222 Central Avenue, Peter Klein Building, Italianate, 1888, DOE (Phase I survey recommendation)
2306 Central Avenue, Wright's Grocery, 1881, DOE (Phase I survey recommendation)
2400 Central Avenue, 1886, commercial (Phase I survey recommendation)
1373-95 Iowa Avenue, Late Victorian, 1870, NRH1)
1560-68 Iowa Avenue, Queen Anne, 1895, NRHP
Jones and Water streets, Diamond Jo Boat and Office, [talianate, 1885. NRHP
210 Jones Street, Midland Laboratories, 1908, DOE
910 North Locust Street, American Towers Building, Richardson Romanesque, 1891, NRHP
60 Main Street, A. J. Farber Company, Late Victorian, 1878. DOE
90 Main Street, Bishop's Block, Richardsonian Romanesque, 1889, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation,
local significance)
103-23 Main Street, O'Neill Block, Italianate, 1870, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation, local
significance)
106-20 Main Street, Kennedy's Aquarium, Neo-Classical, no date, NRHP
I29 Main Street, Knippel's Religious Goods, Italianate, 1870, NRH~
137-53 Main Street, Weber Paper Company, Neo-Classical, no date. NRHP (Kriviskey
recommendation, local significance)
164 Main Street, Plumbers and Fitters Union, Italianate, no date, NRHP
169 Main Street, Design Associates, Italianate, no date, ~
177-85 Main Street, Gordon's Toggery/Kirby Company, Italianate, no date, ~
180 Main Street, Dubuque Mattress Company, Italianate, no date, NRHP
I82 Main Street, Canvas Products Company, Italianate, 1870. NRHP
195-97 Main Street, Dubuque Glass Company, Neo-Classical, no date, NRHP
190 Main Street, Cinema X Theater, no style, no date, NRHP
198 Main Street, United Realty, no style, 1865, NRHP
253 Main Street, Buddy's Tavern, Italianate, no date, NRHP
261-63-69 Main Street, McCoy Goldsmith, Italianate, no date, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation,
national/state significance)
299 North Main Street, Classical Revival, no date, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation, local
significance)
[304-310 Main Street, Merchant's Hotel, Italianate, no date, NRHP, demolished 2000]
[3020 Main Street, Merchant's Hotel Annex, Italianate, 1875, NRt-IP, demolished 2000]
330-336 Main Street, Dolan's Barber Shop/Union Cigar Store, no s~yle, 1875, NRHP
342 North Main Street, Renaissance Revival, 1901, NRH]? (Kriviskey recommendation, local
significance)
345 Main Street, Homestead Gift Store, Italianate, no date, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation, local
significance)
353-75 Main Street, State Liquor Store, no style, no date, NRHP
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
356 Main Street, Business Supply Company, no style, 1875, NRHP
378 Main Street, Monte Carlo Restaurant, Italianate, no date, NRHP
395 Main Street, Capri Cosmetology College, Italianate, no date, NPJ-IP
401-05-15 North Main Street, no style, no date, NRHP (Kriviskey recommendation, national/state
significance)
823-25 Main Street, Town Clock Building, Italianate, 1873, DOE (NRHP in process)
957 Main Street-Charles J. Peterson Building/Hall, Romanesque 1886, ¢consultant eligibility
recommendation, 2001)
1100-50 Main Street, Bissell Block, Second Empire, NRHP
2311 Windsor, commercial, 1880 (Phase II survey recommendation)
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
2306 Central Avenue, Adam/Federal, 1881
401 Locust Street, Itatianate, pre- 1884
965 Main Street, Chas. A. Noyes Art Store, Classical
recommendation, 2001
Revival, 1900. consultant eligibility
Context #3, Fitful Growth and Maturation, 1893 - 1910:
A few firms gew to dominate their respective trading niches during this final era of strong municipal
growth. The weakness of Dubuque's retail sector became increasingly apparent but banking and wholesaling
remained strong. This was the fmal phase of small-scale downtown rebuilding. A few monumental downtown
buildings date to this period of development (American Trust Building). Broad-scale bank failures in 1932
devastated many- families. Increasingly local capital was invested more generally and in a less conservative and
traditional manner.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
521 E. 22nd Street, commercial, 1900 (Phase I survey recommendation)
607 E. 22nd Street, A. C. Pancratz, 1900 (Phase I survey recommendation)
821-25-41 Central Avenue, Buettell Brothers Company Building, Richardsonian Romanesque, no date,
DOE
1812 Central Avenue, Nicholas Palen Building, 1895, (part of a district) DOE (Phase I survey
recommendation)
1842 Central Avenue, German Savings Bank, 1905, (part of a district) DOE (Phase I survey
recommendation)
2600 Jackson Street, Joseph Ziereis Meats and Grocery, 1903, DOE [Phase I survey recommendation
1100 Lincoln, 1898, Rettenmaier Store (Phase II survey recommendation)
57 South Locust Street, James Beach and Sons Building, 19t0, DOE
284 Main Street, Fischer Company Building/Patrices Bridal, no style, no date, NRHP
299 Main Street (aka 206-10 West 3d Street), A. A. Cooper Building, Neo-Classical, no date, NRH?
342 Main Street, Olde German Bank, Rennaissanee Revival, 1901, NRH?
372 Main Street, John H. Pollock, Florist, Neo-Ctassical, 1910. NPJ-IP
401-05-15 Main Street, Orpheum Theatre and Site, French Rermaissance, 1910, ~
908 Rhomberg, 1894, commemial (Phase II survey recommendation)
1027 Rhomberg, 1896, Neumeister Meat Market (Phase II survey recommendation)
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
Central Avenue and 9~ Street, Richardsonian~Romanesque, no date
Central Avenue and Lores Street, German Trust And Savings Bank, Beaux Arts, no date
1000 Main Street, Richardsonian Romanesque, 1894
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Context #4, An Era of Stability, 1910-1955:
Monumental commemial buildings, mostly exclusive office building were buik in the downtown.
Comparatively short in stature, these were the city "skyscrapers" to the extent that Dubuque ever had any. A
surviving examples is Roshek's. Local capital bankrolled the recruitment of new industries.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
1111 Bluff Street, Moderne. no date, NILHI*
401 Central Avenue, Karigan's Restaurant, Moderne. 1947, DOE
100 Main Street, Johnnie's Sports Center. Chicago, no date, NRHP
200 Main Street, Julian Motor Inn. Commemial, 1915, NRHP
233-51 Main Street, Rosey's, Posey's/Ryder Realty, Nco-Classical, no date, NRHP
301 Main Street, Tri-State Surplus, Moderne, no date, NRHP
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
1200 Main Street, Red Cross Building, Streamline, 1941
12th and Main streets, Strand Theatre, Moderne (new fagade on early Baptist Church-extant?)
Context #5, The Architecture of Dubuque, 1833-I955
A number of commercial buildings are identified in the style/types section (see above) as having
amhitectural significance. Surviving Vernacular commercial designs interpret once more common local types
and these survive along Central Avenue in the Phase I survey area. Some of the earliest buildings likely survive
on outlying arterials. The appearance of the first ali-cast iron and plate glass fronts, the refronting of earlier
buildings with more stylistic architect-designed fronts, or the use of special building stone are examples of
developments which reflect the growth of the downtown commercial sector as expressed by architecture.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
(the same property lists appended above apply to this context)
Registration Requirements:
· Individual commercial properties must be directly associated with the City of Dubuque, 1833 to
present.
· Individual commercial properties must have a direct and significant association with one or more of the
established historical contexts which are defined in this document.
· Individual commercial properties eligible under Criterion A must retain the integrity aspects of
location, design m~d the ctanulative aspects of feeling and association. The property has to be in its
original location, and its original design must be visually apparent, unobstructed by addkions or
alterations. The integrity aspects of setting, materials and workmanship are expected to have changed
the most, and their substantial loss does not disqualify eligibility.
· Individual commercial properties eligible under Criterion B are eligible if they retains the same
integrity aspects required for Criterion A (see above). The aspects of workmanship and materials must
at least be minimally reflected in the visible fagade.
· Individual commercial properties eligible under Criterion C must represent a significant style, type,
period or method of construction. Rarity of example is a justified reason for significance if the property
represents a once common type now rarely found. Many Dubuque properties will warrant state or
national levels of significance because they combine architectural significance with rarity. Significance
is possessed if the property represents and interprets the working career of a notable artist, architect,
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
engineer or landscape architect and explains how that individual contributed to their respective fields. A
property is significant if it possesses high artistic qualities which characterize the architectural heritage
of Dubuque. Finally significance is possessed if the property represents local vernacular architecture or
stylistic vernacular adaptations.
· Individual commercial properties are eligible under Criterion D if they possess the potential to yield
information through archeological treatment. For subsurface remains of buildings, structures or objects,
it is expected that the integrity aspects of materials, workmanship, and the cumulative aspects of feeling
and association are sufficiently retained so that the property is recognizable and qualifies to yield
information. For the subsurface remains of dumps, sinks, or other cultural debris, it is necessary that the
deposits be relatively intact and undisturbed. The individual nomination form must identify key
research questions to be answered and must explain how the information yielded from the property will
shed light on these questions.
Registration Requirements: Individual Industrial Property Type:
Description:
The surviving industrial properties in Dubuque have been surveyed. There is a major industrial
concentration is located in the southeast quadrant of the downtown area between Central Avenue and Highway
61. Another cluster of smaller and older plants is south of 18th Avenue and east of Jackson Street. Finally a
number of notable plants are located in the upper end of the Couler Valley, above the Phase I survey area.
These include the 1894 brewery and possibly the Brunswick plant if extant. A scattering of plants are located
closer to the river, notably the shot tower and brewery and the Alliant Plant. Factories at Eagle Point are not
thought to survive in any form.
The earliest plants employed load bearing exterior walls and internal heavy beam and column support
systems. Almost uniformly building fronts are divided vertically into bays with intervening pilaster supports.
Lower level fenestration and ceiling height tends to be higher than are the upper levels. Later designs, c. 1890's
and after, employ a more formalized tri-partite system with base, column and cap. Fenestration is reduced in
scale with each successive level and a decorative corbelled brick parapet lines form the cap. Centered
pediments with dates and firrn names ornament major buildings. Central bays are highlighted with larger
window sets and rounded transom lights. The first structural concrete beam and column support system dates to
1910 (Mcfadden factory, Iowa Street).
Context #I, Frontier City on the Mississippi River, 1833-1858:
No industrial properties survive from this time period apart from the largely symbolic Shot Tower.
Numerous underground remnants of the lead mining industry survive and these have not been researched or
surveyed. A number of lead mining related properties have been listed on the National Register as arcbeological
resources. It is likely that other industrial sites survive as archeological properties. Apart from lead mining,
Dubuque's industries at this time were only at a developmental stage. Still, all of those industries which later
dominated and drove city growth had their origins at this time.
National Register Listed~liaible Properties:
4t~ and Commercial streets, Dubuque Shot Tower, 1854, NRHP (local landmark)
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
No properties identified.
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Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Context #2, The Key City, 185% 1893:
Developing industries, principally woodworking and wagon building, coalesced during this long period
of growth. The Civil War fostered industrial growth in several industries, principally in meatpacking, and
helped strengthen the capital base that made future locally controlled growth possible. By the 1880's and '90's
manufacturing and jobbing drove the municipal economy and were poised to expand into large-scale operations.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
East 4th Street, Dubuque Star Brewery/Pickett Brewery, Richardsonian Romanesque, 1888-89, DOE
7th and Washington streets, Dubuque Oalmeal Mill Powerhouse, Italianate, no date, DOE
834 East 24~h Street. Morrison Company, 1918 (Phase I survey recommendation)
898 Jackson Street, Key City Iron Works Foundry, Late Victorian. no date, DOE
I000 Jackson Street, Carr, Ryder and Adams Company Factory, Late 19th-20~ Century Revivals, [868,
DOE
163 Main Street, Dubuque Screw Products, Italianate, no date, DOE
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
No properties identified.
Context #3. Fitful Growth and Maturation, 1893-1910:
During this final growth period several industries assumed unrivaled proportion, Lumber processing
enjoyed its final years of prosperity but was crippled by fires and the exhaustion of upriver timber resources.
Replacement industries were secured and some new plants were built. More aggressive industrial recruimaent
attempted to drive municipal growth and capital was invested in a broad range of community improvements.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
995 Jacksc/n Street. Carr, Ryder and Adams Company Powerhouse, Late 19t~-20th Centuries Revival,
1910, DOE
3000-02 Jackson Street, Dubuque Brewing and Malting Company, Richardsonian Romanesque, 1895,
DOE
(delisted from NRHP 1978)
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
No properties identified.
Context #4, An Era of Stability, 1910-1955:
This period was marked by a near total turnover of manufacturing and jobbing firms as old firms
disappeared and new ones were brought to the city. The industrial base responded to manufacturing
oppommities during the two world wars. Most notable was the role played in the building of boats for the navy.
Major firms such as the Brunswick Company (1910-11) resulted in the construction of major plants but the
Depression crippled the industrial base and left a quarter of the working population unemployed. A major
period of successful industrial recruitment began during World War II and continued through the late I940s.
Most notable was the securing of the John Deere plant in 1946-47. The first major industrial park was created
along the riverfront in 1955 but its real impact postdated the creation of the floodwall system in 1978.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
t23
Downtown Dubuque, Architectaral and Historical Survey Report
5~ and White streets, Kassler Motor Company Showroom, Modem, no date, DOE
834 East 24~ SU'eet, Morrisun Brothers Manufacturing Company, Commercial, 1918, DOE
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
No properties identified.
Context #5, The Architecture of Dubuque, 1833-1955
Surviving industrial buildings present their own industrial vernacular with some stylistic pretensions.
Many of these massive and imposing buildings are architecturally significant by virtue of their style, use of
materials, workmanship, and ornamentation. Sheer rarity further enhances their eligibility because the survivors
represent and interpret the former industrial might that made the city great.
(the same property lists appended above apply to this context)
Registration Requirements:
*Individual industrial properties must be directly associated with the City of Dubuque, 1833 to present.
*Individual residential properties must have a direct and significant association with one or more of the
established historical contexts which are defined in this document.
*Individual industrial properties eligible under Criterion A must retain the integrity aspects of location,
design and the cumulative aspects of feeling and association. The property has to be in its original
location, and its original design must be visually apparent, unobstructed by additions or alterations. The
integrity aspects of setting, materials and workmanship are expected to have changed the most, and their
substantial loss does not disqualify eligibility.
*Individual industrial properties eligible under Criterion B are eligible if they retain the same integrity
aspects required for Criterion A (see above). The aspects of workmanship and materials must at least be
minimally reflected in the visible fagade.
*Individual industrial properties eligible under Criterion C must represent a significant style, type,
period or method of constmetion. Rarity of example is a justified reason for significance if the property
represents a once common type now rarely found. Many Dubuque properties will warrant state or
national levels of significance because they combine architectural significance with rarity. Significance
is possessed if the property represents and interprets the working career of a notable artist, architect,
engineer or landscape architect and explains how that individual contributed to their respective fields. A
property is significant if it possesses high artistic qualities which characterize the architectural heritage
of Dubuque. Finally significanee is possessed if the property represents local vemacular architecture or
stylistic vernacular adaptations.
*Individual industrial properties are eligible under Criterion D if they possess the potential to yield
information through archeological treatment. For subsurface remains of buildings, structures or objects,
it is expected that the integrity aspects of materials, workmanship, and the cumulative aspects of feeling
and association are sufficiently retained so that the property is recognizable and qualifies to yield
information. For the subsurface remains of dumps, sinks, or other cultural debris, it is necessary that the
deposits be relatively intact and undisturbed. The individual nomination form must identify key
research questions to be answered and must explain how the information yielded from the property will
shed light on these questions.
124
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Registration Requirements: Residential, Commercial, Industrial District
Property Type:
Description:
A residential district is comprised of a combination of the several residential types and subtypes,
associated outbuildings that were linked with a plat or residential development. While the plat property type
emphasizes the overall physical arrangement of the plat, the district focuses principally on the above ground
buildings, structures and objects that arose from that plat. Districts are commonly associated with a single plat
or a sequence of related plattings but this is not always the case. Original plattings can be re-platted or
subdivided and a recognizable district emerges as the end product. The district must be physically distinctive
and visually cohesive. For the purposes of this nomination a district is comprised of single-family houses or
cottages to the near exclusion of other land use classes such as commercial, religious or multiple unit dwellings.
Visually cohesive districts are most commonly comprised almost exclusively of house/cottage designs of a
single and unified architectural expression.
One key component ora significant residential district is its plat design. The plat is defined as a parcel
having a formalized division into individual building lots that ~vas offered for public sale at a specific time.
Within the Dubuque historical context a successful plat is one which achieved the stated goals of its developers,
that is the development of a near homogeneous range and class of houses and a particular overall design for the
plat as a whole.
The plat includes the overall plat design and spatial organization, including the street layout, the size,
arrangement and location of its lots, any associated natural qualities or features that influence the plat design,
original landscaping and contouring, the siting of properties, the influence of original building restrictions
(setback, massing, outbuildings or other imposed design standards as examples), and the provision of common
spaces (walks, playgrounds, parks).
There are two basic subtypes, these being the standard grid and the relatively uncommon curvilinear
forms. The grid subtype has predominately straight streets and 90-degree intersection angles. Block layouts in
Dubuque are usually elongated narrow mctangles that orient north/south. Alleyways are generally uncommon
in earlier plats. Curvilinear plats employ mostly curved streets and these usually follow natural contour lines.
There are many Dubuque examples of curvilinear plats being located on flat ground. The former type also tends
to retain original ground contours and landforms as well as groundcoverings.
The curvilinear plat is represented in most National Register nominations that treat the plat as a property
type. The first such plats reflected the naturalistic or picturesque national design movement of the mid-1800s
that most commonly was reflected in public park or cemetery designs. Plats and suburbs were also commonly
designed although most of these were located in or adjacent to the largest urban areas and predominantly in the
Eastern states. In cities such as Dubuque it was more common to find these designs in public spaces,
particularly in Linwood Cemetery's layout. Design elements did appear in residential plat design. These
included cul-de-sacs, occasional curved streets and radial lot arrangements. The more complete early
curvilinear plats were upper class in composition and occupied physically isolated and self-defined rugged
settings. Frequently these were as much accidental, being forced by the topography as by design. The City
Beautiful Movement of the pre-World War I years and the emergence of urban planning brought renewed
attention to the picturesque residential plat. After the war the California design influence transported the
western curvilinear plat design throughout the country. This final per-World War II phase of curvilinear platting
coincided with large-scale house building as an integral par~ of subdivision development. After World War II
the Curvilinear plat was more common but probably didn't become dominant until the mid-1950s. Grid plat
planning didn't disappear and was more typically utilized to infill within the core city boundaries.
125
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Curvilinear plats in Dubuque are all located on the blufftops and many of these reflected an effort on
the part of developers to exhaust the ridge tops which separated the many radiating ravines in the western part of
the city'. Curvilinear plats are certainly the exception in the city, most of these date to very recent residential
developments.
Industrial and commercial districts can be more simply defined as contiguous groupings of each
respective property type. Residential uses frequently occur on the upper levels in commercial areas but the
properties are still deemed to be primarily commercial. Dubuque's downtown was always a multi-use area and
witnessed an intermingling of all types of land uses. The apparent dominance of commemial properties today is
more the result of demolkion and the loss of buildings. The vast majority of older industrial properties have
been demolished or altered beyond recognition. Large areas were historically open either due to marshy
conditions or to the former dominance of the lumber industry with its huge drying yards.
Significance:
Context #1, Frontier City on the Mississippi River, 1833-1858:
No commercial or industrial districts survive in Dubuque from this time period.
Residential Districts:
It is doubtful that any clusters of residential properties survive from this t/me period. Some are included
in the Jackson Park and Cathedral historic districts. The proposed Broadway District is said to represent this
period and might offer some examples of the earliest vernacular houses.
Context #2, The Key City, 1859-1893:
Commercial Districts:
The commercial downtown expanded northward into the Couler Valley during these years. Yhe Old
Main historic district contains some surviving building from this time period but much of the downtown, east of
the several other listed downtown residential districts has not been surveyed. The sub-theme of banking ~s
perhaps the most important historically. Dubuque claimed a self-sufficiency of capital throughout its history
and it was during these years that the basis for greater growth was formed. The rise of the major commercial
houses had its roots in this same period.
Industrial Districts:
It was during this contextual period that the city reigned as Iowa's largest manufacturing center. This
dominance was based on many hundreds of small-scale firms. By the 1880's a few fh-ms and certain industrial
sectors achieved a larger scale and importance to the city, setting the stage for the next and final period of
industrial growth. The city's riverfront was formed and defined by this industrial presence.
Resident/al Districts:
This period of city growth produced many potential residential districts and most of the listed districts
represent this time period. Most of the "vernacular" properties date to this context and clusters are to found in
the Couter Valley and Rhomberg. Vernacular houses of this same period are scattered throughout the city in
every neighborhood but they are too intermixed with other property types and styles to produce a visually
cohesive district.
National Re~ister Listed/Eligible Properties:
126
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
100's-300's Main Street, Old Main (Commercial) Historic District, NRHP (see attached district report,
recommending additions to original boundary.
Bluff and Locust streets, south of Jones Street to south of 8t~ Street, Cathedral Historic District, NRHP
Bluff, Iowa, Montrose, I0th and 17th streets, Jackson Park Historic District, NRHP
Top of bluffs, Picket/Montrose, Walnut, Wilbur streets, West 1 lth Street Historic District, NRHP
Top of bluffs, Alpine, Hill, 5th and Solon streets, Langworthy Historic District, NKI-1P
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District, White to Pine, 6th to I lth streets (see attached
site sheet).
Old Town Residential District, I Ith to lgth, Washington to Central (report not yet developed, see
attached proposed boundary map).
Upper Main Commercial District, Main, 10th to 12th (see attached site sheet).
Upper Central Avenue Commercial District, Central from north end of 1400s through 18th Street,
connects with previously identified commercial district to north), (see attached site sheet).
1800's- 1900's Central Avenue, commemial district, 1870-1900, DOE (Phase I survey recommendation)
(1812, 1824, 1826-28, I838, 1842, 1850, 1856, 1876, 1879, 1889-95, 1913-15, 1919, 1959,
1965 Central)
1800's-1900's Jackson Street, residential/commemial district, 1880-1890s, DOE (Phase I survey
recommendation) (1885, 1889, 1903, 1905, 1913-17, 1920, 1930-32, 1946, 1949 Jackson)
Rhomberg Cluster (625, 627, 629), commercial/residential, Second Empire, 1880s-1909 (Phase II
survey recommendation)
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
Top of bluffs, Fenelon Place, Prospect Park Historic District
Broadway and Division streets, Broadway Historic District
White Street Commercial/residential district, 1870-1900 (1902, I908, 1922, 1938 White) (Phase I
survey recommendation)
East 22"d & Washington residential district, 1890s (Phase I survey recommendation)
(215-17, 301,305,306, 308, 310, 311,312-14, 317-19, 321-23,400 E. 22nd, 2162, 2172, 2201-
2203, 2209, 2222, 2226, 2227; 2234-36, 2238, 2241 Washington)
Context #3, Fitful Cn'owth and Maturation, 1893-1910:
Commercial Districts:
A number of"modem" office buildings arose during this growth period symbolizing the grov~th of
insurance and other service related businesses and the maturation of the commercial downtown. These
precursors of the skyscraper represented the aspirations of the downtown interests. Large-scale wholesale
businesses also were built at this time. The Old Main District includes some of the latter. The banking sector
enjoyed particular growth and expansion and the city weathered the 1893 financial down turn which crippled
virtually every other competitor. This was a remarkable achievement and consequently the city boasts major
buildings from the period 1893-96 which are not to be found elsewhere.
Industrial Districts:
The surviving industrial concentration likely has its origins in this time period. Dubuque's
woodworking, wagon-building, and several jobbing firms grew exponentially during these years and a few- were
claimed to be the largest in the world. While the city had lost its statewide leadership in industry, these firms
ted the state in their respective sectors. The city's wealth and expansion hinged on these successes and made
possible the remarkable era of growth and the survival virtually unscathed of the 1893 financial panic.
127
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Residential Districts:
These years witnessed the building of some of the city's largest and most ornate homes as well as an
explosion in the construction of quality moderate priced working class housing. The latter was offered
beginning c.1906 by larger scale "community builders" such as Chris Voelker who left their mark in the form of
numerous distinctive single family houses. Voelker introduced the use of rusticated concrete block in house
construction. The building of satellite factory sites in the upper Couter Valley also produced districts of
company housing around the factories. These should be investigated for their district potential.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
The same list (see above, Context #2) of listed districts applies to properties related to this context.
Context #4, An Era of Stability, 1910-1955:
Commercial Dislricts:
This later period of commercial growth has yet to be fully studied and its buildings surveyed. For the
most part commercial buildings represented infill construction downtown or arterial development. Districts as
such are unlikely although the survival of these buildings might favor identifying a small district. The
signifieance question is a difficult one if the assumption proves true that the commercial component of the city's
economy was underdeveloped. Banking interests once again rise to the top given the severe retrenchment that
followed a burst of bank formation and growth prior to World War I. German banks in particular flourished and
several "skyscrapers" arose to attest to banking's strength. The bank crash in 1932 reduced seven to three banks
and the attending losses appear to have substantially crippled the city's economy for many years.
Industrial Districts:
While not yet surveyed, a cursory examination appears to indicate that new industries from this period
established themselves at scattered sites along the river or up the Couler Valley and that most do not survive
today in recognizable form. Significant themes include the massive (25 percent) unemployment brought by the
Depression and wartime construction contracts. A few new firms set the stage for future industrial growth and
some facilities like John Deere's might constitute a district in their own right.
Residential Districts:
Much of the reduced level of house building during this period consisted of infilling of available lots
and it is less likely that visually cohesive residential districts resulted. This building took place on rolling land
atop the bluffs. Flatland house clusters have a better chance of being identified as districts because they are
more compact. There is a probability that a Craftsman/bungalow district is to be found in the northeastern part
of Rh6mberg and the Deere's housing of 1946-47 in Asbury, with its distinctive red brick and Colonial styling,
is also worthy of studying. Grandview Avenue features much of the best residential architecture of this period
but no district has yet been identified.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
The same list (see above, Context #2) of listed districts applies to properties related to this context.
Recommended for further study and evaluation, likely National Register eligible
Asbury Road, John Deere Workers Housing, late 1940s
128
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Context #5, The Architecture of Dubuque, 1833-I955
Commercial Districts:
The commercial architecture of the earliest buildings is best expressed in scattered individual buildings
if any ex/st unaltered, or in a composite commercial district such as Old Main.
Industrial Districts:
The only apparent industrial district as noted is between Old Main District and Highway 61 and
represents industrial construction from c.1880 through I920. The buildings reflect the evolution of industrial
construction from load-bearing exterior brick walls with heavy timber internal support systems to cast concrete
post and beam construction. Exterior wail design is at first quite ornate with decorative pediments, horizontal
design zones, and elaborate panel and window set detailing. Later buildings are more generic, with metal
windows, smooth surfaced brick panel infllling and the like.
Residential Districts:
Under Criterion C, a significant residential district coincided with and represents the peak popularity of
a finite number of cottage/house types and styles and its properties individually and collectively reflect the
distinctive architectural design ora cottage style or type. An intermixing of types m~d styles, associated with a
prolonged period of development or infilling is not deemed to be architecturally significant. An exception might
be a sequential series of formalized designs that represent successive popular architectural styles.
National Register Listed/Eligible Properties:
The same list (see above, Context #2) of listed districts applies to properties related to this context.
Registration Requirements:
· Residential/industrial/commercial district properties must be directly associated with the City of
Dubuque, 1833 to present.
· Residential/industrial/commercial district properties must have a direct and significant association with
one or more of the established historical contexts which are defined in this document.
· Residential/industrial/commercial district properties eligible under Criterion A must retain the integrity
aspects of location, design and the cumulative aspects of feeling and association. The property has to be
in its original location, and its original design must be visually apparent, unobstructed by additions or
alterations. The integrity aspects of setting, materials and workmanship are expected to have changed
the most, and their substantial loss does not disqualify eligibility.
· Residential/industriaYcommercial district properties eligible under Criterion B are eligible if they
retains the same integrity aspects required for Criterion A (see above). The aspects of workmanship and
materials must at least be minimally reflected in the visible fagade.
· Residential/industrial/commercial district properties eligible under Criterion C must represent a
significant style, type, period or method of construction. Rarity of example is a justified reason for
significance if the property represents a once common type now- rarely found. Many Dubuque
properties will warrant state or national levels of significance because they combine architectural
significance with rarity. Significance is possessed if the property represents and interprets the working
career of a notable artist, architect, engineer or landscape amhitect and explains how that individual
contributed to their respective fields. A property is significant if it possesses high artistic qualities
which characterize the architectural heritage of Dubuque. Finally significance is possessed if the
property represents local vernacular architecture or stylistic vernacular adaptations.
· Residential/industrial/commercial district properties are eligible under Criterion D if they possess the
potential to yield information through archeological treamaent. For subsurface remains of buildings,
129
Dox~mtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
structures or objects, it is expected that the integrity aspects of materials, workmanship, and the
cumulative aspects of feeling and association are sufficiently retained so that the property is
recognizable and qualifies to yield information. For the subsurface remains of dumps, sinks, or other
cultural debris, it is necessary that the deposits be relatively intact and undisturbed. The individual
nomination form must identify key research questions to be answered and must explain how the
information yielded from the property will shed light on these questions.
Methodology:
The commercial properties within the Phase III survey area represent some of the state's best and
earliest commercial architectural examples. The experience of earlier surveys determined that a special effort
had to be made to precisely date the surviving buildings in order that some contextual sense could be made of
the whole, and all individually and district eligible properties might be identified. The existence of a demolition
district that encompassed most of the survey area also mandated that a comprehensive evaluation be made of all
downtown properties. The downtowaa area also presented ranges of data helpful in dating buildings and
evaluating their integrity. In addition to the Sanborn Maps which fully covered the survey area as of 1884, there
were a great many visual resources, early photographs, lithographs, as well as building permit data, water
records, stable city directory data, and so on.
From the start then, and because the project had the services of an excellent intern, Lara Scott, it was
determined to develop a database ofatl building construction and demolition data. Entries included
builder/architect, owner, address, date of construction/demolition, physical description, and first tenant. Annual
newspaper progress reports were the principal source of construction data. These covered a majority of the early
years, although increasingly these reports lacked specifics such as address, and became increasingly focused on
key building efforts. Ms. Scott compiled city directory data by address and date, developing a database that was
invaluable and highly accurate for the purposes of dating buildings. She also created a building
permit/demolition data base that covered the years 1924 to 2001.
An early priority (Phase I) was the recommendation that the City would create a master list of lost
historic buildings. The goal was to establish a comparative context for what has been lost and when it was lost.
This comprehensive database now includes that information. Because the database is electronically stored, it
can serve as an on-going resource as it is updated and corrected over time. It should have application to a
number of other municipal agencies.
The database proved its worth when it came to dating buildings. A great many key buildings have been
precisely dated and named and as a result a clear style/type chronolo~-w can be developed that links particular
building elements to a chronology.
A comprehensive survey map is in the £mal stages of development. It identifies all buildings that are
National Register listed or eligible, individually or in districts. It also includes Bruce Kriviskey's ratings and
recommendations, thereby providing planning continuity to the evaluation process. For the purposes of the
demolition review process, all buildings that have architectural or historical interest, are also identified. A
number of buildings remain to be evaluated, given their being covered with slipcovers or other materials.
All individually eligible buildings that are not already National Register listed, are being surveyed and
evaluated and documented with a site inventory form. A special emphasis has and will continue to be made to
locate descriptive historical images of these.
Finally, this report builds on the multiple property document by elaborating on the developmental
history of the downtown, in a unified contextual manner.
130
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Report Recommendations:
This report adds the following districts as being National Register eligible:
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District, White to Pine, 6th to 11th streets.
Old Town Residential District, 11th to 18th, Washington to Central.
Upper Central Avenue Commercial District, Central from north end of I400s through 18th Street,
connects with previously identified commercial district to north).
The existing Upper Main Commercial District, Main, 10t~ to I2th was also re-evaluated for its remaining
integrity. Recommendations for additions to the district were made.
Bibliography:
Gerlernter, Mat'k, A History of American Architecture: Buildings In Their Cultural and Technological Context.
(Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1999)
Jacobsen. James E., ~'George W. Rogers Company Shot Tower," revised National Register of Historic Places
document and National Historic Landmark nomination, 2003.
Longstreth, Richard, The Buildings On Main Street: A Guide To American Commercial Architecture,
(Washington: The National Trust For Historic Preservation, 1987).
Lithographic Vie~vs:
Dubuque, (Dubuque, W. J. Gilbert, 1858).
City of Dubuque (Lithograph), (Davenport: Charles Vogt, 18665.
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, (n.p.: H. Wellge, 1889).
131
Downtown Dubuque, Architectural and Historical Survey Report
Appendix:
Proposed district map, Old Town Residential District:
District Map (north is to the top of the map)
132
Site Inventory Form State Inventory No. 31-00002 [] New [] Supplemental
State Historical Society of Iowa [] Par[ of a district with known boundaries (enter inventoW no.) __
(December 1, 1999) Relationship: [] Contributing [] Noncontributing
[] Contributes to a potential district with yet unknown boundaries
National Register Status:(any that apply) [] Listed [] De-listed [] NHL [] DOE
9-Digit SHPO Review & Compliance Number __
[] Non-Extant (enter year)
1. Name of Property
historic name Old Main Historic District
other names/site number Lower Main Historic District
2. Location
street & number Main Street, blocks 100-300
city or town Dubuque
Legal Description: (If Rural) Township Name
(if Urban) Subdivision__
[] vicinity, county Dubuque
Township No, Range No. Section Quarter of Quarter
Block(s) __
Lot(s) see below
3. State/Federal Agency Certification [Skip this Section]
4. National Park Service Certification [Skip this Section]
5. Classification
Category of ProPerty (Check only one box) Number of Resources within Property
If Non-Eligible Property If Eligible Property, enter number of:
[] building(s)
[] district
[] site
[] structure
[] object
Enter number of:
buildings
sites
structures
objects
Total
Contributinq
Noncontributin.q
0_ buildings
sites
structures
objects
0_~ Total
Name of related project report or multiple property study (Enter "N/A~ if the property is not part of a multiple property examination).
7~t/e Historical Architectural Data Base Number
The Architectural and Historical Resources of Dubuque, 1833-1955 31-0059
6. Function or Use
Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions)
02A-O2H/CommerceFrrade
Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions)
02A-O2H/CommerceFFrade
7. Description
Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions)
05-Late Victodan/oSB Italianate
01-No Style
Materials (Enter categories from instructions)
foundation Stone
wails brick
roof Asphalt
other
Narrative Description ([~ SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
8. Statement of Significance
Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" representing your opinion of eligibility after applying relevant National Register criteria!
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended A Property is associated with significant events.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended B Property is associated with the lives of significant persons.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended C Property has distinctive architectural characteristics.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended D Property yields significant information in archaeology or history.
Address Main Street, blocks 100-300 Site Number 3'1-00002
District Number
County Dubuque
City Dubuque
Criteria Considerations
[] A Owned by a religious institution or used
for religious purposes.
[] B Removed from its odginal location.
[] C A birthplace or grave.
[] D A cemete~,
[] E A reconstructed building, object, or structure.
[] F A commemorative property.
[] G Less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past
50 years.
Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions)
Architecture
Commerce
Significant Dates
Construction date
various [] check if circa or estimated date
Other dates
Significant Person Architect/Builder
(Complete if National Register Criterion B is marked above) Architect
N/A N/A
Builder
Unknown
Narrative Statement of Significance ([] SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
9. Major Bibliographical References
Bibliog~,~HhY [] See continuation sheet for citations of the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form
'10. Geographic Data
11. Form Prepared By
name/title James E. Jacobsen
organization History Pays! Historic Preservation Consultinq Firm
street & number 4411 Inqersoll Avenue
city or town Des Moines state LA
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION (Submit the following items with the completed form)
FOR ALL PROPERTIES
date May 5, 2003
telephone 515-274-3625
zip code 50312
1. Map: showing the property's location in a town/city or township.
2. Site plan: showing position of buildings and structures on the site in relation to public road(s).
3. Photographs: representative black and white photos. If the photos are taken as part of a survey for which the Society is to be
curator of the negatives or color slides, a photo/catalog sheet needs to be included with the negatives/slides and the following
needs to be provided below on this particular inventory site:
Roll/slide sheet # 7464 Frame/slot # 29-36 Date Taken Nov. 02
Roll/slide sheet # 7465 Frame/slot # 1-~9 Date Taken Nov. 02
Roll/slide sheet # Frame/slot # Date Taken
[] See continuation sheet or attached Photo & slide catalog sheet for list of photo roll or slide entries.
[] Photos/illustrations without negatives are also in this site inventory file.
FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF PROPERTIES, INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING AS WELL
1. Farmstead & District: (List of structures and buildings, known or estimated year built, and contributing or non-contributing status)
2. Barn:
a. A sketch of the frame/truss configuration in the form of drawing a typical middle bent of the barn.
b. A photograph of the loft showing the frame configuration along one side.
A sketch floor plan of the interior space arrangements along with the barn's exterior dimensions in feet.
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Use Only Below This Line
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 1
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
County
Dubuque
Address City
7. Narrative Description:
The Old Main Historic District was ms-evaluated as part of the Phase III downtown Dubuque
architectural and historical survey. The purpose of the re-evaluation was to evaluate the current
integrity of the status given the loss of some buildings Since National Register listing, to examine
possible additions to the original district, and finally to evaluate the district buildings within the historical
and architectural contexts of the greater downtown. This inventory form format is used as a framework
for making those evaluations and recommendations.
~ Bruce Kriviskey identified a "Lower Main Historic District" as a part of his 1978 architectural
survey of Dubuque. He recommended the present boundaries, but with the inclusion of the landmark
Bishop's Block, located south of First Street. When the district was actually nominated and listed in
1982, the Bishop's Block was excluded due both to owner opposition and the assumption that U.S.
Highway 61 was going to force its demolition. The building was in fact documented in anticipation of
demolition.
The distdct nomination was prepared at a time with what could best be described as minimal
documentation was required and the nomination document did little more than to generally describe the
district, and to count and address its buildings. No individual building evaluations were made either on
historical or architectural grounds. The general historical justifications for the district simply claimed
that the buildings "represent[ed] the largest concentration of significant nineteenth century commercial
architecture in Dubuque." An additional claim was that the district was "the site of Dubuque's first
center of commercial activity, giving it a central place in the history of the community's development."
The stated period of significance was 1800-1899 and the areas of significance were architecture and
commerce.
Amending the District Nomination Document:
The city has recently acted to amend the Dubuque Shot Tower National Register listing and the
Phase IV survey project envisions similarly amending Cathedral and Jackson Park historic districts.
The same need for updating is found in the Old Main commercial district. While the fundamental goal
of a nomination is to list a range of properties on the National Register, an inadequate nomination
document offers little in terms of data, evaluation, or prioritization when it comes to meeting community'
planning or educational/promotional needs. Yet another critical role of a sufficient nomination
document would be as a design guide for new infill construction.
The first recommendation of this report is that the district by comprehensively amended. This
entails a thorough historical documentation of the buildings and district, individually and collectively, a
refining of the claims for significance (within the now known downtown contexts), and the addition of a
number of adjacent and related commercial buildings.
it is further recommended that a number of properties be included in the amended district,
adding buildings on side streets to the west, and extending the district southward at least to U.S.
Highway 61, if not even further south to Jones Street. These buildings should be added to the district:
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site'Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 2
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks I00-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
South of U.S. Highway 61: These buildings, while a remnant, represent the same massive
commercial/jobbing-warehouse range of architecture and underscore the working southern end
of the downtown proper. Their addition is problematic given the highway's major intervention
between these buildings and the district, two blocks north, and the loss of all buildings on the
west or opposite side of Main Street.
30 Main-Mulgrew, Thomas J., Company Office Building, 31-02147, two stow angled
corner building
40 Main-Walker, M. M., Company Warehouse, 31-02148, three stoW warehouse
44-48 Main-Schroeder-Kleine Grocery Co. Warehouse, 31-02150, massive three stow
block,
Buildings North of U.S. Highway 61, and south of First Street: The addition could well be limited
to two of these buildings, 90 and 79-84 Main, excluding the rest, given that they collectively
represent early 20th Century single-story garage buildings. Otherwise, it would be wise to
consider including both sides of the street for the sake of continuity.
65 Main: Even, Peter & Son, Auto Co. Showroom, 31-02156
76 Main: same, 31-02158
78-84 Main: Bennett House Hotel, 31-02160c. 1850s double building ("80 Main" has a
state inventory number of 31-02159)
90 Main: Bishop's Block, 1887, 31-02161, a city landmark, two-part commercial block,
highest rating in Kriviskey's survey.
99 Main: garage building
Buildings located west of Main Street: These three buildings, while smaller in scale, are
contiguous and represent an early and important range of commercial building types.
210-12 West First Street, southwest corner, under rehabilitation, double block, two part
commercial block. The corner store measures 20x62 with floor heights of 12 feet (ground), 8.5
feet (second and third).
265 West First: US C~llular/Pawsitively Pets current tenants, double block
231 West Second: Kitchens By Bakey/Relm House current tenants, double block.
Historically this double block was addressed as 245-49 West First. Jt pre-dates 1884 and was
then called the Montana House (same as late as 1891). It housed a wood working firm in 1909
and a produce company as of 1962. The three-stow plan (two-part commercial) measures
40x45 and there is a single-stow 40×20 brick rear addition. Floor levels measure 6.5 feet
(basement), 12.5 feet (ground floor), 11 feet (second) and nine feet (third).
District Gains and Losses Since National Register Listing:
The narrow, elongated district was particularly vulnerable to the loss of integrity through
demolition, particularly because it was listed with numerous pre-existing vacant lots or large newer
buildings such as the Julien Inn.
Of the original 33 buildings at least five have been lost, the most notable being the Merchant's
Hotel and Annex, which subsumed storefronts at 304-310-320. It's loss and its replacement was a faux
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 3
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Queen Anne block was by far the most serious integrity impact to the district since it's listing in 1982.
Not only was the Merchant's Hotel the last surviving pre-Civil War hotel, but its loss, coupled with the
demolition of 310 Main, left a massive visual gap in the district, one that is exacerbated by the presence
of the massive Julien Hotel immediately south. Thus two new and massive buildings are adjacent on
the same side of the street in the center of the district. Opposite the Julien, there is a large parking lot
void on the south end of the 200s block. To the north, what is lef[ of the 300s block is particularly weak
on the west side. On that block front from south to north is found a large parking lot, a historic building
(339) a'multi-front new single story building, and finally a double front historic building (391-95). Yet
another major gap in the district's fabric is found on the east side of the 100's block. Suffice it to say
that the loss of any more buildings would imperil an already weakened district. What saves the
district's sense of time and place is the majesty of its finest buildings and the rise of Main Street to the
north, which adds to its mystique. At least three new buildings post-date the district listing, although
most if not all of these in-filled vacant lots (156, 270-80, 365-75 Main).
As a whole the district has had its ups and downs relative to historic restorations. The
demolition and construction of the Main Street Iowa Welcome Center and a related parking ramp.
damaged the foundations of several adjacent historical buildings. Recent fires severely damaged 342
and 180 Main. Just one historic tax act project (the Cooper Building) has been completed and it was
problematic for many years. The large yet narrow building at 100 Main has received all new windows
and is being redeveloped for housing. Currently the middle portion of the district is enjoying a
resurgence in specialty shopping, restaurants and coffee houses. It won't be long until the issue of infill
construction will become an issue.
District Description:
The Old Main Street District climbs up the southernmost edge of the raised terrace upon which
the city and downtown first developed. The lowermost portion of the district, but more particularly the
land to the south and east, was massively raised and drained over time by successive filling operations.
In fact the south end of Main Street, below Second Street, tended to be less commercial, and more
jobbing and warehouse oriented for much of its history. This role is strongly represented by all of the
larger blocks in that portion of the district. The 300s block is more typically commercial in its
architecture and the buildings reflect the presence of stores, offices and banks in that area. The sheer
commercial importance of the district is reflected in the fact that almost all of the historical buildings are
at least three stories tall, and many others even taller.
Building Inventory and Historical and Architectural Notes:
100 Main Street: 31-02163, 1910
This five story two-part commercial block is recognized as one of the city's landmark buildings.
The building housed a wholesale drug firm c. 1909-62.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 4
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
First and Main streets, view west. c. 1975
(Center for Dubuque History, Photo BSM #122)
106 Main Street (non-extant. four stow building)
101-23 Main Street: O'Neill Block 31-02164. pre-1884. 1903
Building dimensions are 68x80 with a 34x24 wing in the southwest comer. Floor heights are
seven (basement), 13 feet ma~n floor, and nine feet above that. This is a two-part commercial block
and double storefront. The notable feature is the stepping forward of the upper brickwork midway
between each floor and the use of elongated brick window hoods which rise from the mid-point of this
protruding wall plane (mid-point of the window sash) and run all the way upwards to the window tops.
This occurs on both floors, the hoods being rounded on the second floor and squared on the third.
There is a centered brick pediment with nameplate The 1884 Sanborn Map indicates the presence of
a telegraph office (second floor) and grocery, clothing store and saloon in the three storefronts from
south to north The southem storefront historically housed groceries from as ~arly as 1859.
Implement dealers and commission houses ruled through the 1870s and 1880s. but the grocery was
back by 1890. William Lawther, the candy maker to the north purchased this block just prior to 1903
and "remodeled and modernized it. making it one of the most modern improvements." Heat was
supplied from the candy factory (Enterprise. December 19. 1903).
129 Main Street: KnippeFs Religious Goods. 31-02166. pre-1884
This is a narrow two-part commercial block (19x68 front. 19x41 rear extension) with floor
heights of 7.5 feet (basement). 11.5 ground floor and above. This building was a bakery as of 1884-
1909. with Henry Sussman's bakery here as of 1899-1924. Martin Carroll's bakery preceded him. from
1875~91. The building likely post-dates 1871 given the absence of a bakery here prior to that year
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Paqe 5
Main Historic Distdct
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
137-53 Main Street: William Lawther Candy Company, 31-02167, 1907
This is an imposing two-part commercial block, five stories in height (64xl 14, floor heights of
10.5 (basement), 14 feet (ground) and 11-12 feet above that level). This building replaced its burned
predecessor in 1907 and cost $75,000. It featured a Bedford stone and pressed brick front. The
building has its origins as a three-story double-front, in 1872 when Lawther installed a new storefront.
J. H. Roach, confectioner, first appears at 137 Main in 1880. Roach & Co. is there through 1884
(Sanborn Map), was replaced by the Key City Steam Candy Factory as of 1890. William Lawther
Candy Company occupied the building beginning in 1891 (Sanborn Map) and remained through 1913,
perhaps 1925. Sanborn Maps show two-four story buildings by 1891, and the present building by
1909136. A chemical company occupied the lower two floors by 1934, and Weber Paper was here as
of 1962. The 1909/36 map shows brick faced tile side walls which argues for an al[mew building. The
Enterprfse claimed that this was ~the largest and longest established candy factory in the state."
Lawther's market extended into South Dakota, Minnesota, ali of Iowa and Northern Illinois. The
evolution of the building is confirmed, from a double-front three-stow block on the southern end, gaining
a fourth floor, and in 1902, a third four stow front on the north end (Enterprise, December 19, 1903;
Telegraph-Herald, December 29, 1907).
1903 image, view west (Enterprise, December 12, 1903)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 6
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Lawther Confectioners view southwest 145 Main. c.1890s
(Center for Dubuque History, Photo VDM 7911 )
156 Main Street: Henry Kruse & Son Leather and Shoe Store. 31-02168, pre-1884
This building was non-contributing at the time of the district listing. The Assessor dates it to
c.1900 so it is likely a single story remnant of a larger building, given its 13-feet high ground floor
ceilings. Kruse's firm was here 1899-1913. Sanborn Maps show that the two-story original building,
which early houses groceries and confectionaries, pre~dated 1884.
163 Main Street: 31-02169. c. 19137
This is a two-par[ commercial block, two stories high (22xl 14. floor heights of nine feet
(basement), 13 feet, ground level, and 11 feet second floor). This building might date to c. 1909 at
which time a building extended all the way back to the alley. Dubuque Showcase and Cabinet Works
was here as of 1913.
169 Main Street: 31-02170. pre-1884
This is a two-pan commercial block, three stories in height (20x50. front portion. 20x40 back
portion, with ceiling heights of 10 feet in the basement. 9.6-11.6 on the ground floor, 9.6 on the second
floor, and nine feet on the third floor). This building pre-dates 1884 and housed Harris Notions, and as
of 1891 Harris Department Store. McMullen Real Estate was here 1909-52.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pa~e 7
Site Number 3'1-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Dubuque
Address City
177- 85 Main Street: 31-02173, pre-1884
The two halves of this block are separately owned and assessed. This is a two-part commercial
block. The south half measures 20x50 and there is a 20x40 one/two-story rear addition. The north half
measures 17.5x50 with a 40 feet long one story brick rear addition. Ceiling heights are 7.6 in the
basement, 12.6 on the ground floor, 10 feet on the second floor, and nine feet on the third floor. A
boots and shoes store occupied 177 as early as 1875 (John Phelan. through 1891) through 1925. A
wholesale candy firm was there in 1934.
180-82 Main Street: Counted as two buildings by state, 31-02174~180. and 31-0275-182. pre-1884.
The two halves of this block are separately owned and assessed. This is a two-part commercial
block. The plan measures 43.5xl 13 and the ceiling heights are 9.5 feet (basement), 13.6 on the
ground floor, and the same on the upper floor. Both buildings fully extended to the alley as of 1884.
The current addresses appear by 1870. Confectioners, fruit stores, and groceries occu pied both halves
through the 1890s. Duggan's Hardware was in 182 under various names 1899-1925 (this might be due
to a miss-numbering, see below).
190-98 Main Street: Counted as two buildings by state, 31-02164-190. and 31-0278-192, pre-1884.
The two halves of this block are separately owned and assessed. This is a two-part commercial
block. The two parts are slightly uneven in length and might represent two buildings with a common
later-date frontage. 190 Main measures 20x70, with 10x20 two-story and 10x20 single story rear
additions. 198 Main measures 20.5x65, has two rear porch levels (20x7) and a single story rear
addition (20.5x20). Floor heights are the same in both halves, being seven feet in the basement. 10.5
feet on the ground floor, and 8.5 feet above that level. As of 1884, the stores were both 70 feet deep.
Dr. Asa Horr, a noted Dubuquer, had his office here as of 1870-71 (190 Main). James Odam ran a
boarding house in 198 and a notions store in 190 as of 1875. Duggan. Sullivan and Kinsells Hardware
was in 190 as of 1880 and remained through 1899, possibly moving south one store at that time. Trenk
Wire Work was here 1913-18. The Burlington House hotel was in 198 Main as of 1899. Mrs.
Cavanaugh ran a boarding house there in 1880.
Trenk Wire Works, 190 Main, 1915 City Directory
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 8
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
195-97 Main Street: Dubuque Glass Company, 31-02187. c. 1875. pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block. The southern half measures 30xl 14 and ceiling heights
measure 13 feet at the ground level 11 feet on the second floor, and 12.5 on the third level. Wholesale
grocers (W. H. Rumpf, 1875-80. Rumpf, Hosferd & Ferring, 1883, Fred A. Rum pf, 1890) occupied this
building from its construction until the early 1890s. Dubuque Cabinet Shop & Showcase was here
c. 1918 through 1941
Main. north from 2" Street. Second Julien Hotel (1890) in right of center
200-20 Main Street: Julien Motor Inn 31-02179
First Julien Hotel. view northeast (Center for Dubuque History, Photo LS602)
The Julien Hotel is a non-contributing property within the district. The first building was replaced
in 1890 (see photo above) and again in 1910.
iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 9
Site Number 31-00002
Related Distdct Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
County
Dubuque
Address City
West side 200s Main. view northwest, c. 1890
(Center For Dubuque History, Photo 4683)
W. P. Large's boots & shoes occupied the southern storefront of a triple-front block at 205-29
Main, shown above. By 1909 it was occupied by Piekenbrock & Sons Shoe Manufacturers. It was still
extant as of 1962 but is no longer standing. Note the prominence of the Town Clock, then in its original
location above Eighth Street.
233-41 or251 Main Street: 31-02180, pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block. The two storefronts are of unequal length, the southern
one measures 21xl 14, while the northern one is just 54 feet deep with a 36-feet long two-story rear
addition. Ceiling heights measure eight feet (basement), 10.5 (ground floor), and 9.6 (upper floors).
Caesar Brothers Confectionary was in 233 1875-80, followed by McLaughlin & Reilly Booksellers by
lo,va Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 10
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
CiW
1883. Liquor stores then were present through 1913. A grocer was in 241 as of 1875 (H. Meyer
through 1883, Quade & Roddy, 1890).
253 Main Street: 31~02181, pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block. The plan measures 25xl 14, overall height is 31.6 feet,
with ceiling heights of eight feet (basement), 10.5 feet (ground level), and 8.5 feet on the upper levels.
This was a tin shop (Mason & Son) in 1884, wholesale grocery (Ryder Bros,) 1891, and Plass Toggery
Shop followed 1918-34.
261-263-269 Main Street: 31-02182, pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block and contains three storefronts. The plan measures 48x50
(three stories) with a 48x30 single-story rear brick addition. Ceiling heights measure 8.5 feet
(basement), 14 feet (ground floor), 10 feet (second) and 9.5 feet on the upper floor. The numbers 261-
65 appear in directories by 1880 at which time Jake Sievers had a hotel there. He remained as of 1883
with a restaurant and saloon in the two southern storefronts. Sanborn Maps of 1884 fail to show the
hotel. George Casutt had a billiards hall at 263-65 Main as of 1890, a saloon. The Tri-State Hotel
occupied 265 Main 1913-1934. Bennett & Sons Undertakers and Doran & Kries Monuments were at
253 and 279 Main 1918-25. Lawther & Co. Real Estate was in 261 Main 1909~52.
270-280 Main Street: State addresses as 284-90, 31-02183, post 1909/36.
This single-story double building was non-contributing at the time of the district listing. The
Assessor card for 290 Main dates same to c. 1880 and gives the building dimensions as 43xl 13. A
double three-story building pre-dated 1884, its front half being full height, rear additions were two
stories high. As late as 1962 these buildings remained.
299 Main Street/206-10 West Third Street: Cooper, A. A., Building, 31-02184, 1881-2
This is a two-part commercial block. It stands four stories high and the plan measures 64x114.
Ceiling heights are eight feet in the basement, 13.5 on the ground floor, 11.5 feet on the second floor,
10 feet on the third floor and nine feet on the fourth floor. The rear porches were replaced in 1978 and
the whole building was refurbished during the 1980's~early 1990's. The present building was extant as
of 1883, at which time it was called the A. A. Cooper Wagon Manufactury. That company extended to
the west side of the block and there was a catwalk across the alley to another four-story building. By
1891 that part of the block was even more built-up as part of the same firm. By 1909/36 this was called
the Austin Building and there were apartments on the upper floors. By 1962 there were West Third
Street storefronts addressed as 206-40. Cooper Wagon Co. was here as late as 1921/22. Cooper
erected buildings at this corner in 1868, 1878, 1881 and 1882.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe I1
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address City
West side of 300's Main, looking northwest,
(Center for Dubuque History, Photo KRK 2420)
[301 Main Street: 31-02185, single stow building demolished 1999]
304-10 Main Street: (demolished 1999, former site number 31-02186)
320 Main Street: former site number 31-03206 (demolished, 320 Main, annex)
[330-32 Main Street, demolished 2000, ~hree story building]
339 Main Street (no state site number), pre-1884 [not confirmed in survey]
The Assessor addresses this property as 327-35 Main. This is a two-part commercial block.
The 1884 Sanborn Map indicates that this was a short, square three-stow double block. M. J. Mulgrew
had a bakery in the south half 1880-91. The 1884 Sanborn Map places a marble shop next door,
although the directories place John Reinecke, marble dealer, at 336 Main in 1880, with no 1883 listing.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Page 12
Old Main Historic District Dubuque
Name of Property County
Main Street, blocks 100-300 Dubuque
Address City
Architect's drawing, Wiliiamson & Spencer. 342 Main (Enterprise, November 3. 1901)
342 Main Street: German Bank. 31-02188. 1903
This is a two-par[ commercial block. This three story plan measures 30x56 with a 30x43 single-
story rear addition (ceiling heights measure nine feet at the basement leve~. 16 feet on the ground floor,
and 10 feet on the upper floors). Two serious fires in 2002 an¢ 2003 closed the Silver Dollar
badrestaurant. The architects termed their design Italian Renaissance in style. The bank featured a
three-story vault first story granite piers, and central bay windows. This bank replaced an earlier three-
story building built in 1881 (the first building dated to 1856) that also held the same banking house. It
was at this address as early as 1890. The bank was renamed in 1918 and remained here as the
Pioneer Trust & Savings Bank through 1925 It was then a tavern.
345 Main Street: 31-02189. pre-1891
A two-story single storefront was on this site as of 1884. with the same shot[ front section and it
is most probable that this building gained a floor between that year and 1891.
356 Main Street: Bonson's Block. 31-02191, 1874
This is a two-par[ commercial block. This is a broader plan (43xl 13) with ceiling heights of 10
feet (basement), 14 feet (ground level) 12 feet (second) and 11 feet (third). Architect/contractor John
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe13
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
County
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Keenan built this three stoW block (43xl 14) for owner Richard Bonson in 1873. The first tenant firm
was William C. Chamberlain's hardware and seed store. The building featured a cut stone front.
massive iron columns and French plate glass, and was valued at $15,000. It was then addressed as
62-64 Main. J. C. Chdstman, Hardware was already at 356 Main by 1875. The 1884 Sanborn Map
Bonson's New Block, 1874 (Times, February 17. 1874)
364-56 Main (Enterprise, September 26, 1903)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 14
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
shows a full-length double storefront in place, housing a dry goods warehouse. The famous John Bell
& Company Dry Goods Company, the firm that occupied the Clock Tower Building when it collapsed,
was in this building as of 1880 and 1883. Jaeger, Lang & Co. wines and liquors were here as of 1899-
1903, being followed bY numerous clothing stores, including Roshek Brothers as of 1925. Peoples
Natural Gas occupied the building in 1962 (Herald, May 20, November 11, 1873, February 17, 1874).
365 Main Street: (no state site number)
372 Main Street: 31-02192, 1914
This is a two-part commercial block. This is a shorter and narrower storefront (2xl 13) with floor
elevations of 9.5 feet (basement), 10.5 (ground) and 12 feet on the second floor. The Assessor dates
the building to 1916. This fireproof building replaced a three-story building. Henry W. Kruse, hides and
furs occupied this address as early as 1891 and remained here through 1909. H. H. Mehlhop's cigar
store was here as of 1925.
375 Main Street: (no state site number)
This building was non-contributing at the time Of the district listing as 353-75 Main.
378 Main Street: 31-02193, pre-1884.
This is a two-part commercial block. The plan measures 20xl 13, with ceiling heights of 7.5 feet
(basement), 14 feet (ground), and 11 feet on the upper levels. Healy Bros. Hardware was here in 1880,
Christman & Healy Hardware in 1883-99, G, F. Kauffman, millinery was here 1925-34.
391-95 Main Street: 31-02194 as 395 Main, pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block. The plan measures 44xl 14 with floor levels of seven feet
(basement), 11 feet (ground), 10.5 feet (second), and 12 feet (third). The present brick storefront dates
to 1982. Sanborn Maps show that the southern half is slightly shorter, the other extends fully to the
alley. The 1884 map shows third floor lodge rooms in the north half. Iron posts support the lower floor.
P. M. Platt's Clothing Store was in 395 Main as of 1875. The Boston One Price Clothing Store was
here as of 1890-1899. By 1913 this was a garage and the Dubuque Overland Auto Company was here
as of 1918.
398-98 Main Street: 31-02195 as 398 Main, pre-1884
This is a two-part commercial block. The plan measures 44xl 13 with ceiling heights of 10.5 feet
(basement), 14 feet (ground), and 11 feet on the two upper levels. The building was converted to
residential shelter use beginning in 1996, and the work was completed four years later. The 1884
Sanborn Map indicates the use of iron column supports and the presence of third floor lodge rooms.
John Melhop had a grocery here in 1875, followed by Schroeder & Kleine by 1883-90, who were also
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 15
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Coun~
Dubuque
C~
grocers. John EIIwanger, wines & liquors, was here from 1899 through 1913. The Dubuque High
Bridge Company was here 1899-1909:
Ballin & Kaufman, and Main, 1888
(Times, November 29, 1888)
405 Main Street: Orpheum Theater, 31-02196, 1910
This building was built as the Majestic Theater in 1910, costing $70,000. This corner has
always been a theater site since the founding of the city. The first substantial opera house was here as
of 1882. The Bijou Theater was built in 1909 and was burned the next year. This building replaced it in
1910. By the 1930s this was known as Spenstey's Orpheum Theater. The historic theater serves as a
fitting northern "bookend" to the district. The new Five Flags Theater complex is not included in the
district.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pape16
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
Main north from z . opera house to left
(Center for Dubuque History, Photo Ham House #843)
8. Narrative Statement of Significance:
The Old Main Historic District, despite its many losses since it was listed, comprises many of
Dubuque's earliest surviving commercial buildings, and includes a number of very significant historical
buildings. The district represents the city's earliest commercial street and the last remnant of what was
always the heart of the city's downtown center.
The individual building histories indicate that nearly all of the buildings or buildinc~ cores pre-date
1884. Necessarily storefronts or storefront ornamentation frequently represents much later
construction dates and these dates are more difficult to document. Many buildings had their origins in
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 17
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Coun~
Dubuque
Address
City
the substantial post-Civil War rebuilding of the downtown. A number represent the onset of the
wholesaling (mid-1850s) and jobbing industry (mid-1870s) in the city dudng those same years.
1858 overview (Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion, October 24, 1858)
The Dubuque downtown was located along Main between 1st and 3rd streets. Already by 1853
the center of this district was gravitating northward, and the first hard surfaced street was on Main
between 5th and 6th streets. Beginning in the mid-1850s brick buildings began to displace the original
frame store buildings. By 1857 a strong wholesale trade was moving the city's economy beyond local
retail trade and lead mine receipts. By 1862 the most valuable portion of Main Street was between 6TM
and 7th streets where the banks (at 6th) and post office (7TM) clustered.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 18
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Propen:y
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Main Street, view south from 4 Street, 1858 (Ballou)
This 1858 lithograph depicts a distinctly different commercial architecture. The buildings are no
more than three stories high. The facades are plainly finished and there are few protective awnings
and fewer fancy cornices.
Main Street, 1858, view north from below .c Street (Ballou)
The two buildings on the southeast corner of Main and 2nd streets appear to survive today. If
true, they are likely the earliest commercial examples in the city apart from the City Hall and other
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 19
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
County
Dubuque
Address
city
public buildings. Note the prevalence of frame stores on the west side of Main in both of the 1858
views.
1865 downtown business guide (Annual Directory, 1865)
(the southern half of the downtown appears in the right-half of the image)
This commercial directory underscores the languishing in importance of the south end of Main Street.
Perhaps subscribers were simply loathe to make the small payments to be listeO al any rate few entries are to be
found below 2n" Street.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 20
Site Number .::$1-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
C~
Lithographic aerial view, 1872
(Birds Eye View of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1872)
This excerpt from the 1872 city lithograph graphically shows how close the downtown proper
was to the slougns which separated the city from the Mississippi River to the east. The area south of
Main Street was infilled first by the causeways which connected to the lower wharf, and then by the
railroads, which established their stations and yards in this area. The streets within the district proper,
particularly east of Main and south of First. were raised up dramatically so as to provide additional
flood-oroofed building sites.
District detail, 1872 lithograph
This second detail focuses on the district proper, and Main Street runs diagonally across the
center of the image. Note the considerable building up of First Street, as well as along the east side of
Locust Street. The latter street was filled with largely industrial and warehousing land uses at its
towa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 21
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100-300
County
Dubuque
Address City
southern end. The same was true of Iowa Street, shown in the lower part of the image. The sheer
scale of commercial building up is.the important point of the picture. All of the key buildings or their
antecedents, were present, save for the southern end of the district.
1889 Lithographic Aerial View
(Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque Iowa, 1889)
9. Major Bibliographical References:
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps. 1884. 1891 1909136
Dubuque City Directories
Bruce Kriviskey, Dubuque, Iowa--Architectural Survey ~978/~ 979, Atlas of City Wide and District
Survey Maps, Dubuque; h.p.c. 1979
County Assessor's Data
Birds Eye View of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1872
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa. 1889
11 Additional Documentation:
Legal Description:
The west halves of Blocks 2. 5 and 6, the east halves of Blocks 3.4 and 9, plus the Orpheum theatre
parcel in block 43.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 22
Site Number 31-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Historic District
Name of Proper~y
Main Street, blocks 100-300
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
City
Map:
Distdct Map
(heavy black lines denote current district, lesser line denotes potential additions)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 23
Site Number 3'1-00002
Related District Number
Old Main Histodc District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, blocks 100~300
Address
County
Dubuque
City
Photographs:
Roll 7464:
Frame:
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Roll 7465:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
north, Main Street from 2nd
Cooper Building, southwest
east side of Main, below 3rd, northeast
west side of Main, below 2nd, northwest
northwest corner 2® and Main, northwest
east side Main south of 2"d, northeast
O'Neill Block, northwest corner l~t and Main, northwest
east side Main, south of Ist, northeast
west side Main, south of 1st, northwest
same
east side Main, south of Ct, northeast
100 Main, northeast
vacant lot north of above, northeast
vacant lot, northwest comer 2nd and Main, northwest
same from further south
Main Street looking south from 300s block
New welcome center, east side 200s block of Main Street. northeast
Site Inventory Form
State Historical Society of Iowa
(December 1 1999~
State Inventory No. [] New [] Supplemental
[] Part of a district with known boundaries (enter inventory no.)
Relationship: [] Contributing [] Noncontributing
[] Contributes to a potential district with yet unknown boundaries
National Register Status:(any that apply) [] Listed [] De-listed [] NHL [] DOE
9-Digit SHPO Review & Compliance Number
[] Non-Extant (enter year)
1. Name of Property
histodc name Upper Main Street Historic District
other names/site number
2. Location
street & number Main Street, l0th to 12t~ streets
city or town Dubuque [] vicinity, county Dubuque
Legal Description:(tf Rural) Township Name Township No. Range No. Section Quarter of Quarter
(If Urban) Subdivision Block(s) ~ot(s) see below
3. State/Federal Agency Certification [Skip this Section]
4. National Park Service Certification [Skip this Section]
5. Classification
Category of Property (Check only one box) Number of Resources within Property
[] building(s) If Non-Eligible Property I If Eligible Property, enter number of:
[] district Enter number of: I Contributinq Noncontributinp
[] site buildings 16 _6 buildings
~ structure sites __ sites
[] object structures __ structures
objects objects
Total 1~ _~- Total
Name of related project report or multiple property study rEnter "N/A" if the property is not part of a multiple proper~y examination).
Title Historical Architectural Data Base Number
The Architectural and Historical Resources of Dubuque, 1833-1955 31-059
6. Function or Use
Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions)
02A-O2H/CommerceFFrade
Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions)
02A-O2H/CommerceFFrade
7. Description
Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.
5-Late Victorian/o5B Italianate
01-No Style
Materials (Enter categories from instructions)
foundation Stone
walls bdck
roof Asphalt
other
Narrative Description ([~ SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
8. Statement of Significance
Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" representing your opinion of eligibility after applying relevant National Register criteria~
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended A Property is associated with significant events.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended B Property is associated with the lives of significant persons.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended C Property has distinctive architectural characteristics.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended D Property yields significant information in amhaeology or history.
County Dubuque Address Main Street, 10~n to 12t" streets Site Number
City Dubuque District Numcer
Criteria Considerations
[] A Owned by a religious institution or used
for religious 9urposes.
[] B Removed from its original location.
[] C A birthplace or grave.
[] D A cemetery
Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions
Architecture
Commerce
-] E A reconstructed building, object, or structure.
[] F A commemorative property.
E~]G Less than 50 yeare of age or achieved significance within the past
50 years.
Significant Dates
Construction date
multiple [] check if circa or estimated date
Other oases
Significant Person Architect/Builder
(Complete if National Register Criterion B s markea aoove) Architect
N/A N/A
Builder
Unknown
Narrative Statement of Significance ([~ SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
9, Major Bibliographical References
Bibliography [] See continuation sheet for citations of the books ar[icles, and other sources used in preparing this form
10. Geographic Data
,UTM References ~(OP'~lONAL~
Zone Easting Notfhing Zone Eastmg IVorthing
1 2
3 4 --i
[] See continuation sheet for additional UTM references or comments
'11. Form Prepared By
name/title James E. Jacobsen
organization History Pays! Historic Preservation Consultinq Firm
street & number 4411 Ingersoll Avenue
cit7 or town Des Moines
state IA
date May 5, 2003
telephone 515-274-3625
zip code 50312
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION (Submit the following items with the completed form)
FOR ALL PROPERTIES
1. Map: showing the property's location in a town/cizy or township.
2. Site plan: showing position of buildings and structures on £he site in relation to 9ublic road(s).
3. Photographs: representative black and white photos. If the photos are taken as oart of a survey for which the Society is to be
curator of the negatives or color slides, a photo/catalog sheet needs to be included with the negatives/slides and the following
needs to be provided below on this oarticular inventory site:
Roll/slide sheet # 7463 =tame/slot # 25-30 Date Taken Nov. 2002
Roll/slide sheet # Frame/slot # Date Taken
Roll/slide sheet # :tame/slot # Date Taken
[] See continuation sheet or attached ahoto & slide =atalog sheet for list of photo mil or slide entries.
[] Photos/illustrations without negatives are also in this site inven[ory file.
FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF PROPERTIES, INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING AS WELL
1. Farmstead & DistricC (List of structures and buildings, Known or estimated year built, and contributing or non-contributing status)
2. Barn:
a. A sketch of the frame/truss configuration in the form of drawing a typical middle bent of the barn.
A photograph of the loft showing the frame configuration along one side.
c. A sketch floor plan of the interior space arrangements along with the barn's exterior dimensions in feet.
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Use Only Below This Line
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqel
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Properly
Main Street, 10th to 12th streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address City
7. Narrative Description:
The two blocks of Main Street, between West 10"~ and 12th streets, represents the northernmost
end of the Main Street commercial corridor. The northern block, in fact. marks the transition from
commercial to residential land uses. For many years, West 12~ Street marked the northern terminus of
the city's key commercial street.
To the south of West 10th Street, larger commercial blocks and the city's few skyscrapers
defined the "100% location" where banks clustered and the heart of the downtown long resided. This
grouping of buildings tended be smaller buildings, still largely three stories high, the storefronts on
these blocks were smaller and housed the lower end scale of businesses (millineries, cafes, shoe
shops and the like), with apartments or boarding houses above.
While these buildings attest to a nor[hward expansion of commercial land uses along Main
Street, they also tend to be very early survivors in light of the toss of the earliest buildings on the blocks
to the south. Many of the buildings, particularly those on the east side of the street, date to the
immediate post-Civil War years. As such, these buildings interpret the earliest surviving range of the
city's commercial buildings.
Property Descriptive and Historical List:
243-45-47 West 10~ Street: post-1907, pre-1909/36.
This tdple-storefront, single story has a unified rear warehouse area with wooden posts. No
tenant firms have been identified. The fa(;ade and windows have been modernized and this is a non-
contributing property.
Dubuque Cabinet Makers Association, 1895 (Herald. January 1 1895)
Note the catwalk link to the second building at White and West 10TM.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pape 2
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Proper~(y
Main Street, 10th to 12~ streets
Cour3~/
Dubuque
Address City
1000 Main Street: Dubuque Cabinet Makers Association. 31-02205. post-1891, pre-1909/36
This im posing three-story brick double storefront is a two-part commercial block type design. It
replaced the Universalist Church that was acquired by the Dubuque Cabinet Makers Association in
1894 and this building was constructed. The twin buildings housed the warerooms and offices of the
association as of 1895. The building dimensions were 50xl 14 feet. The association was a cooperative
success story, one that existed from 1867 until c. 1924. at which time this building was sold to Interstate
Power Corr party. Alliant Energy, its successor continues to own the building. A more elaborate
cornice and a new front was added prior to 1908 (Lyons, p. 108). The building has received new
windows and a new storefront, but it is a contributing property. The building to the east and this one
are the only surviwng buildings associated with the Dubuque Cabinet Makers Association. but they are
the principal ones. This one is the best preserved of the two.
Dubuque Academy of Music, (Enterprise. November 14, 1903)
1005-23 Main Street: Bayless Business College, post-1884 pre-1891.
This is a three-stow double storefront brick two-part commercial block. It is a corner building
and the storefront continues around the south side wall The design is notable for its extensive broad
window openings and its exuberant denticulated brick cornice The building is very well preserved
despite the loss of a two-story centered front bay and two single story side bays. The storefront retains
its cast iron front and transom openings. Bayless Business College, a typewriting school, was in this
building as of 1890 and the 1891 Sanborn Map also locates a business college here, with a furniture
store below it. The two storefronts were then unevenly divided with the northern one occupying just
one third of the ground level, being separated by a wall. Upholsterer Joseph Dubraks was in one of the
Iowa Depar[ment of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 3
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic Distdct Dubuque
Name of Properly County
Main Street, 10th to 12th streets Dubuque
Address City
storefronts as of 1890. Miller & Munsell, bike supplies (1017) and K. L. O'Donnell, hair goods (1023)
were present as of 1899. The lack of commercial address references prior to 1883 argues fo~' a c. 1884
construction date.
t027-37 Main Street: LeGrand Dance Hall, post-1884, pre-1889.
This two-story two-part commercial block type has been re-fronted and is non-contributing as a
result. It originally contained a double storefront, the southernmost being quite small and cut out of the
front of the frontage. The Le Grand Dance Hall occupied the entire building as of 1891 and the building
had a hip roof. The Veterans of Foreign Wars occupied the upper level as of 1909/36 with a single
storefront below. By 1962 there was a bowling alley upstairs and the two storefronts below it. The
current storefront has a false front parapet extension, a plain brick front, reduced upper windows, a
covered transom level (slip cover), a modern storefront and a metal canopy. Historical photos (see
below) indicate that this building originally had an elaborate wooden front, perhaps with a Swiss
architectural theme. The 1889 lithograph (see below) shows a hip roof two-story building. Potential
store tenants were M. H. Waples, physician at 1023 Main, Martha Allen, ladies goods, 1031 Main, and
Jeannie Dean, millinery, 1033 Main; all present in 1890.
1030-36 Main Street: post-1962
This is a new building, being an addition built by Alliant Energy. It is a non-contributing building
as a result. It replaced a triple-storefront two-story bdck building that dated to pre-1884 (the northern
two storefronts) and post-1907 (the southern one).
1042-54 Main Street:
This moderate size 2-part commercial block is a 3-story Italianate style building dating from
c.1867. The building occupies the entire parcel except for a parking area at the rear. It faces Main
Street with unshared party walls abutting its 2 neighbors. It has a rectangular horizontal facade and
has basically a rectangular floor plate, except for first floor additions to the commercial estabilishments
at the rear. The primary faCade (west) has 3 modified storefronts (the building originally consisted of
double house fronts with central stairs) at ground level and 2 stories of pfain red brick walls above are
each punctuated with 7 elongated Italianate style window openings. A metal dentiled cornice caps the
west fa~;ade, supported by a large bracket at each end and I bracket at either side of the center line of
vertical windows. Alt of the windows were removed and replaced with plywood for mothballing
purposes, but the frames (generally in poor conditioin) remain in place. (The windows have been
stored inside for safekeeping.) The 3 basic storefront configurations still exist, but the materials and
and layout of each storefront appear to be highly compromised and have little historic integrity. A
doorway and odginal stairwell leading to the residential spaces above are located at the south side of
the north commercial space. Moving upstairs, the 2 interior stairwells (directly over one another,
between each floor) and the common hallways on the 2n~ and 3rd floor remain basically intact. Some
wall plaster is missing, hand rails are gone, and more contemporary light fixtures are present, but
portions of an early intercom system remain, doorways (frames & doors included) and transoms are in
their original configuration, and the original/early ballustrade and guardrail exists in the 3re floor hall. A
mid-sized single room with no ammenities, but seemingly once furnished (wallpapered) is accessed off
owe Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Site Number
Related District Number
Page 4
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12th streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
the common hallways at the front of the on the 2"° & 3r° floor- it appears to have likely been used as
additional space for the adjacent noAh-side apartment. The layout of the apartments on the 2n° floor
(2S & 2N) mimic the layout of the 3~ floor (3S & 3 N) with two exceptions. 2S's northeast room's closet
was expanded to make room for a full size bath at one point, and the 2S's southeast room was divided
north-to-south with a wall and an unusually tall open common doorway. The south apartments are
about twice as large as the north ones. The south apartments afford a large common central room,
leading to 2 west (street front} rooms, or back to the east kitchen (back). Additional room/s (divided N-
>S on 2S) is/are accessed off the kitchen or via the SW front room. 2S has 4 closets and an added full
size bath. while 3S has 4 closets and a converted closet with a single toilet. The north apts have
identical layouts and were both damaged by a kitchen fire at the rear of the building, which make
sections of the building unsafe, as the floor is missing. 2N & 3N have 2 hall entrances, one off the
kitchen (to the rear) and one offthe front room (close to Main Street). The west room lies across the
entire apartment width at the street, a wide open doorway/arch leads to the center room. and a
doorway leads to the rear kitchen and bedroom which lie at the rear of the building. The apartments
have two closets and a converted closet containing a toilet. The aforementioned room offthe common
hallway, although not connected to this apartment, appears to be an additional bedroom. Throughout
the apartments, many original and early features exist, including doors, window frames, door frames
(corners & plinthblocks), occasional light fixtures and rear exits. The upper floors have been
unoccupied for 30-40 years and severe deffered maintance contributes to waterdamage throughout
(missing including ceilings, missing or deteriorated plaster, rooting trim and wood features). The one
added full bath (2S) and added toilet closets (in 2N. 3S. and 3N- all stepped up to make room for
plumbing) attest to the building's lack of modern ammenities, but also are an example of the few
changes and relative historic integrity of this building. The north commerical space, occupied by a dry
cleaner, has been modified a great deal from the exterior, with a recessed entrance at the north side of
the space. Metal panels cover the bulkhead and plate glass is above for display. The transom is
paneled over. The middle space, also occupied as adjunct space for the cleaners, has a storefront that
has been replaced. Floor to ceiling plate glass and a recessed center entrance, topped with a
retractable canvas awning make up this space. The south space, occupied by an alterations business,
maintains a left of center recessed entrance, but the storefront materials have been replaced over the
years. A decorative 20'" century glass signband bears marks of an earlier sign installation, which nas
since been removed. The iron lentil is visible above and has been painted for advertising purposes.
Display windows below, followed by a painted, paneled bulkhead make up the rest of the storefront.
The only visible iron pilasters on the entire building are at the north and south ends of South Cooley.
Although decorative elements are missing on these there is enough exisiting material (between this
building and its neighbor) to determine how to reconstruct the missing elements of this feature. The
east fa(2ade has been considerably modified through the years, namely with lS' floor tile rear additions
(c.1909) to the commercial spaces and infill in original window and door openings on the upper fa(;ade.
Originally the rear wall supported a full-width, [hree-story roofed balcony system. This has been
completely removed (post-1962). This said. the original fenestration openings are visible on the upper
floors and can be determined by viewing the back wall from the first floor addition interior spaces. The
aack stairways and egress system has been removed as noted, but various ghosts of older systems
remain on the brick of the east wall. The building's roof is a fiat, slightly sloping (to the east) built up
roof with a rubber roofing layer that is in fair condition. To the south, the brick parapet wall has been
parged over where a coping should be, and the brick is in poor condition. The brick chimney at this wall
was deteriorated (as noted at its base) and replaced higher up with a cinder block chimney. To the
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 5
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
north, the adjaCent (North Cooley) party wall is in poor condition, especially closer to the tarred meeting
of the rubber roof to the party wall. The coping atop this wall is basically intact, needing repairs. The
western chimney, with coping, is in fair-good condition, with repairs and spot repointing needed. The
eastern chimney is suffedng due to a loss of coping, and therefore water infiltration. One chimney was
replaced entirely with a sheet metal flu and cap. None of these east components are original to the
building, but represent much later additions. They are not character defining elements. This is a
contributing building.
This double storefront block apparently had its origin as a double three-stow brick house with
side gable roof. The houses pre-dated 1856. at which time owner William Rebman added a $500
frame addition to the odginal buildings. Property records indicate that John Plaister purchased the lot
for $850 in March 1853, and Frederick E. Bissell next paid $1 700 for the lot in July of that same year.
Caroline L. Smith paid $2,558.33 for the lot on March 18. 1854, and these increasing property values
would appear to indicate that something had been built on the lot. Contractor William Rebman bought
the lot on June 29, 1854 for $2,622 and sold it to Isaac and Asa Horr in March 1855 for $2,500. Horatio
Sanfbrd next owned the property, buying it from the estate of Isaac Horr in early January 1859. A
mortgage against the proper~y, for $3,200, dated December 18, 1855 might have funded new
construction or an addition. Rebman again obtained the property on March 7, 1873. for $2.000 and
sold it to D. N. Cooley on October 18, 1874 for $10,500 (subject to two new mortgages). Clearly this
transaction dates the re-building of the original or all new construction that produced the present
building. A mortgage entered into by Rebman on March 17. 1874 references the north half of a double
brick house, and this appears t(: document a commercial conversion of a pre-existing building.
1043-53 Main Street: pre-1884. The Cooley family held the property until 1918. The Bradley family
then owned it through 1954 (Property abstract).
The earliest identified tenants were W. H. Robbins (boarding house) at 1050 Main in 1875. In
1880 Mrs. L. b Wood also ran a boarding house there. S. C. Hamblin and May C. Worthington
operated a music conservatory there as well. Physician Alice Westphal was at 1050 Main in 1883. By
1899, storefronts were in place, with John P. Buechele & Co. Jewelers and clocks at 1042, Emil L
Johannsen, confectionery, at 1048 Main (remaining through 1909). Bue~hele remained through 1934,
an impressive stay at one address. Skalman's Jewelry was at 1042 in 1945-48. as was Kearn's
Jewelry in 1955. Four apartments were indicated in 1909 and by 1915 the building (1050-58) was
called the Vermont Flats. 1048 Main housed L. J. Kneckel. confectioner (1921), the Crescent Sweet
Shop (1923-34), Fef's Scoreboard Confectionery (1941), Kenneth Thorne's grocery (1945) and
Anthony Schmit's restaurant (1948-55). 1054 Main housed Peter Konomos Hat Shop (1921-41), and
the NuWay Cleaners (1945-55).
1043-53 Main Street: pre-1884
This two-story two-part commercial block type design has a permastone front, its upper
windows are sealed, and the storefront is of recent vintage. It is a non-contributing building in its
present condition. It might have had its odgin as a two-story side-gable double brick residence that
stood at 1043-57 Main as of 1884. The 1889 lithograph depicts this building as being slightly recessed
from the street but the Sanborn Maps do not confirm this. The 1891 Sanborn Map shows both houses
extant and the 1909/36 Map shows a building with similar plan as a store. Today there is a single stow
owa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 6
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12th streets
Address
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
brick rear addition and a garage that runs back to the alley. A. Sterzi, a midwife resided at 1043 Main
as of 1890.
1064-76 Main Street:
This moderate size 2-part commercial block is a 3-story Italiana'~e style building dating from
1871. The building occupies its entire parcel, except for a parking area at the rear. and faces Main
Street. with shared party walls abutting its two neighbors. It has a rectangular horizontal fa~;ade and
has basically a rectangular floor plate, except for various lS' floor additions to the commercial
establishments at the rear. The primary faCade (west) has 3 modified storefronts at ground level and 2
stories of plain brick walls above are each punctuated with 9 tall window openings. A metal
denticulated cornice caps the west facade, supported by 10 evenly spaced brackets. All the windows
were removed and replaced with plywood for mothballing purposes, but the frames (generally in poor
condition) remain in place. The window sashes, in varying stages of disrepair, are stored inside the
building. The center 2nd-story window is false, with a perpendicular wall meeting it in Apt 2N The
three basic storefront configurations remain intact, and the building materials have some historic
integrity. The south storefront is basically intact, with large display windows (painted over at the upper
half of the display windows and transom level as a sun-blocker) and original decorated iron columns. A
recessed central entrance has a traditionally styled (but not original) door. The middle storefront's
smaller iron columns appear to be missing, but the large pilasters separating it from the other
storefronts remain The display glass was replaced and the transoms covered with a imitation brick.
An early or original door remains. This storefront shares it space with the doorway leading to a stairwell
up to the residential spaces above. This entrance, apparently original, is located at the right side of the
center commercial space. The north commercial space mimics the configuration of the south one, but
architectural features appear to be covered by various new materials. The end flanking pilasters exist.
but the smaller central columns likely exist underneath a new applied display glass and comer trim.
The transom area above is covered with imitation brick. The central door appears to be cider, but
probably not original. Moving up through the residential common entrance located at the middle
storefront, the 2 interior stairwells (one between each floor), and the common hallways on the 2nd and
3~ floor remain basically intact. There are no formal foyers or high style features of the design- the
walls are plain, the light fixtures have been replaced with basic ceramic fittings, but original apartment
doors and transoms to closets and rooms remain as plain architectural features. Two apartments are
on each floor, each to the south or north of the common hall. totaling 4 spaces (referred to as 2N, 2S,
3N & 3S). 2S & 3S have identical layouts, except for one detail- 3S has two rooms at the front, both
facing Main Street, whereas 2S has one large room at the front. One enters the central apartment
space from the common hall and can move west toward 1 or 2 rooms at the front of the apartment or
east toward the kitchen, toilet facilities and bedroom at the back. 3N has the same general floor area
as its 2N except for a slightly bigger layout, extending To the south on the west side of the apartment
(made possible by top floor use of dead space above the landing and stairwell below). Throughout all
apartments, many original and early features exist, including doors, window frames, doorframes (lentil
corners and plinth blocks), occasional light fixtures and exits to the east side of the building off the
kitchen. These apartments unoccupied for 30-40 years, are outdated enough that although the 2N &
3N have modest bathrooms. 2S & 3S have only a kitchen sink and an adjacent closet containing a
single toilet. All toilet facilities are added, as the rooms are stepped up to accommodate plumbing
under the floor. Severe deferred maintenance contributes to water damage throughout- including
iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 7
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuqu~
Name of Property
Main Street, 10t~ to 't2~ streets
Dubuque
Address City
missing ceilings, plaster deterioration, rotting wood details (trim. doors, windows. & floor). Because of
the extended vacancy, many original features remain intact, but much of the matedal is damaged by
water infiltration. On the first floor, the north commercial space is vacant. Extensive water damage
from the above floors has caused significant deterioration throughout, including missing ceilings &
plaster, tdm damage and floor damage. (There are areas where water damage from above has rotted
the floors away, making it easy to see the 2® floor from the commercial space.) The space is open
with no interior walls, but temporary post & beam supports are strategically places throughout this
space to help mitigate further structura~ damage. Most interior finish features are m~ssing. A small
addition to the rear houses vanous mechanicals and the structure is separating from the back wall of
the main building. The middle storefront, currently occupied by a typewriter repair shoo. has a dropped
ceiling (covering corrugated tin and then plaster & lath), and plastered walls. The back wall, now a
passageway between the main space and addition, has been altered by plastering over door and
window frames, making arched doorways and a bookcase. The condition of the front transom is
unclear, as it is covered by paneling from the interior This space has been modestly remodeled over
the years, but has not had any real work for upwards of 30+ years. The basement runs the length of
the original space, with limestone walls (some areas severely deteriorating) and a dirt floor. The south
storefront's interior has been updated the most of the three, with a contemporary optical shop located
inside. Drywalling over walls, columns, and beams, and carpeting over the floor cover the historic
fabric in its intirely. Again a small addition to the east allows room for mechanicals and store
workspace. The roof is a built up rolled, tar roofing. It is in poor condition, with leaks throughout. The
chimneys throughout this building are ~n varying degrees of disrepair, suffering from lack of
maintenance (pointing) and protection (caps). One chimney's walls are m~ssing, and a 5-8" high open
well remains. Another is so far deteriorated, its remedy parging barely remains. Others are m more
stable condition, needing raking, re-pointing, and proper caps to remedy the extedor problems.
Parapet walls on the north & south sides, originally bdck. have been parged and tarred over the years.
The east facade, or the back wall of the building, has ad-hoc additions on the first floor and the original
brick walt above with fenestration for the residences. The first floor additions are of varying ages, in
poor condition and obliterate the original fenestration. Above, two stories of what were once doors an~
windows are largely covered over in plywood today for mothballing purposes. The back stairwell and
egress system are for the most part remove~ A few windows have been downsized (over toilet rooms)
or bdcked in entirely, but the odginal openings are evident. The odginal east or rear facade featured a
full-width three-story roofed balcony system and a centered second floor walkway that connected with a
two-story water closet and large stable which fronted on the alleyway. By 1909 the present uneven
three-part array of frame extensions was extant. The northernmost served 1986 Main to the north. A
stairway, still in place, led up to the second floor balcony level. The balcony system was completely
removed post-1962. These rear additions are not character defining elements, have no bearing on the
building's historical significance and are greatly deteriorated to be retained or reused. This is a
contributing building to the district.
William Rebman was an important Dubuque contractor and speculator in the post-Civil War
Years. Rebman acquired this lot in two steps, with deeds dated November 29, 1870 ($5,000) ann
August 20, 1873 ($4,000). He sold the property at the end of that year to Dennis N. Cooley for $25,000
(December 24. 1873). The higher purchase price clearly indicates that Rebman built this business
block between 1871 and 1873. The Herald announced on December 20, 1871 that Rebman had
completed a three-story triple storefront with glass fronts ($12,000) on Main between 10t~ and 11~"
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 8
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic Distdct
Dubuque
Name of Propethr~, th
Main Street, 10 to 12 streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
streets. He built this three-stow triple storefront Italianate style business block in 1871. The building's
architecture is s~gnificant because it represents the local retention of the plain rectangular storefront
facade with an elaborate cornice line (note the similarity to 1042 Main. immediately south, which dates
to 1857). Within a few years these commercial designs would be elaborated with centered pavilions
and elaborate pediments. This building is a rare surviving and a well-preserved example of a local
transitional Italianate storefront. Its location on this block also is associated with the northward
expansion of Main Street. away from the established downtown
1066 Main tenants were Miss M. L. Carson. millinery (1875), Fred Winberg, boots and shoes,
(1878-81. as 1056}, Edwin Hancock, boots & shoes ~1890), Miss Mary T. McHugh, milliner (1899-
1915), Lucius Warren. grocer (1921-1923), the Stella Mar Hat Shop and Millinery (1941-48), and
Custom Drapery (1955). 1072 Main tenants were Mrs. Streif confectionery (1875), Miss Jennie M.
Gallahan. dressmaker (1878-81. as 1070), Miss Maggie MacCauley, milliner (1880-81), Thomas
Eddleston & Co.. meats (1890) D. R. Jones contractor and J. R. Jones, undertaker (both 1899),
Katherine and Ella O'Donnell, hair dressers 1908-32 the Poni Pazi School of Music (1941), Nesler
Radio Service (1945), and Wh te Bear Typewriter (1948-55). 1078 tenants were John Schmit boots
and shoes (1875), A. G. Mehlen confectionery, (1878-81), Mrs. M. E. Foster. confectionery, (1890),
Novelty Bakery (Charles F. Pohl) (1908-23), Orange Bowl Restaurant (1934), vacant 1941-45. Hope
Chest Shoppe Gifts, [1948-55). Four apartments were addressed as 1068 Main between 1921-55.
1057 Main. post-1909/36.
This is a single story concrete block one-pan commercial block type design. It replaced a brick
house (see 1043-53 Main above). Pending further investigation into the date of the present storefront,
this is a non-contributing building.
1071-75 Main Street: William Andrew Block, 1885.
This three-story brick triple storefront two-part commercial block type design was built in 1886.
It was described as a "block of brick stores, three stories high, on Main between Tenth and Eleventh
[built] for V~/illiam Andrew ( Times. January 20. 1886)." Druggist J. W. Coy is listed at 1075 Main as of
1890. The building is depicted on the 1889 lithograph (see below). The faCade is broken up into three
w~ndow bays by brick pilasters. Each bay contains three windows, the u opermost also having
transoms. The distinctive feature is the unusual window lintel design combining unique springstones
with semi-circular brick arches, and on the third floor, carved keystones. A sim pie triangular pediment
proclaims the year of construction. 1885. The storefront has been completely remodeled with the
apparent loss of the original cast ironwork. Despite this loss, this is a contributing building. Behind the
building, a full-width three-stow porch system covers that wall A rear extension, likely of single stoW
elevation, once infilled much of the back yard (c.1909/36-62) but is non-extant. The 1891 Sanborn Map
shows a bakery in the southernmost storefront, a lodge hall upstairs and apartments on the third floor.
The 1909/36 and 1962 maps show a photo shop in that storefront. W. H Morhiser. photographer, was
at 1073 Main as of 1899.The stairs to the upper floors are located on the north end of the plan. This is
a contributing building.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 9
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10t~ to 12th
Address
s~ee~
County
Dubuque
City
1091 Main Street: Bissel & company Block, 1856, post-1891 and pre-1909.
This four-story bdck double storefront comer building is a two-part commemial block type. The
north half is older, dating to 1856, and the southern half post-dates 1891 and was present by 1909/36.
The 1889 lithograph shows the original building extant. It had a balcony and exterior stairs (1884, 1891
maps) on the south side and an open exposure on that side. The original building is of particular
interest due to its simple plan, a plain fa(;ade and the use of semi-circular brick window arches. There
is a simple denticulated front parapet but there is no similar sidewall treatment on the north side wall
despite the corner location. The south fat;ade is much more elaborate with a three-story high three
sided bay, stone sills and lintels, but the same parapet front. The storefront has been refaced with
permastone. The 1891 map shows a frame warehouse on the alley to the west. The 19090/36 map
shows two frame warehouses and shedsthat extendedto the alley. By 1909/36 the duplex (248West
11th) was present. Bisset & Company announced plans to build a four story 22x75 brick building,
valued at $5,500 on the southwest comer of Main and 10th streets in eady 1857 (Herald, March 8,
1857; Republican, July 22, 1857). The Herald (October 29, 1857) reports the completion of a bdck
buitding on this block, with no further details. The Morning Sun reports that the brickwork was finished
on a brick block on this street on January 5, 1857. Bissel, Moser & Co. grocers, were at Main and 11th
as of 1859. T. E. Moser had a grocery store on the corner of 11th and Main as of 1865. In 1878 Moser
completed a $400 storefront remodeling (Herald, January 3, 1879). F. E. Moser had a grocery at 1097
Main in 1880-83.J. Williams was running a boarding house at 1097 Main as of 1899. Two
dressmakers, H. Daley and E. Murphy were then at the same address. The Saunders Meat Company
was then as 1099 Main Street. This building appears on the 1868 lithograph (see below) apparently
two stories high at the time.
Messrs. Bissell & Co., have erected a spacious brick block on the corner
of Main and Eleventh streets, 75 feet in length by 22 feet in width, four
stories high, besides a large airy basement. J. H. Bowen, architect,
Robert Rogers, superintendent of the brick laying, and Joseph Swaub.
the carpenter work. This building will be occupied for the grocery trade.
It is built in the most substantial manner at a cost of $6000.
Daily Republican October 10. 1856
This is a contributing building.
1086-92-98 Main Street: 31-02210
This small to moderate size 2-part commercial block is a 3-story Italianate style building dates
from 1868, 1873. The building occupies the entire city lot minus a parking area at the rear. It has two
prominent fa(;ades, the primary (west) facing Main St., and the secondary (north) facing 11~h St. The
west facade is a horizontal rectangle, while the north facade shows a sedes of brick additions at the
east side of the building, in addition to the main structure. The pdmary fa(;ade has 3 storefronts at
ground level, the north and center being relatively orginal and intact, and the south one being
cosmetically altered, but possessing the general original configuration The north storefront, the
Bootery's entrance, has a central recessed entrance, with large display window s at either side.
Transoms above the display windows, recessing windows, but a window air conditioner has replaced
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Site Number
Related District N amber
Page 10
Upper Main Street Historic Distdct
Dubuque
Name of Prope~y
Main Street, 10th to 12m streets
Address
Coun~
Dubuque
City
the door transom. Originally, 4 decorated iron columns ran the full neight of the store, but the north
column appears to be missing or never existed. A new storm door is at the entrance. Like the entire
building, the brick below the display windows has been painted over the years. A large, traditional,
retractable canvas awning shelters the entire window system. The middle storefront is much like the
north one, but the transcoms have been bricked over. only two columns at either end exist, and the
storefront entrance is right of center with a common stairwell entrance leading to apartments above to
the right of the space. These doors appear to be early, if not original, and an awning also shelters the
entire space. The south storefront has been modified more substantially, with a fake bricked-over
transom and wall beneath the display windows have been paneled over. The main central, recessed
entrance and an early door remain. Above the Rolling Bootery entrance is a backlit, projecting, electric
sign, anchored with cables at 4 places in the brick wall. Above the commercial spaces, 2 stories of
plain red brick walls, each punctuated with a row of 6 tall 4-over-4 sash windows (with an arched top
sash), covered by a newer aluminum storm/screen system. However. a few west wall windows have
been replaced with a 1-over-1 plain sash. The north & middle commercial spaces are occupied by
Rolling Bootery and a store sign is painted on the north brick wall. This wall contains 2 rows of 3
windows on the upper floors on the original part of the building, and a series of 4 smaller windows at
the 1st & 2nd floor additions. A handsome, intact metal cormce wraps the west & north fa(;ades.
featuring 7 sets of double brackets at west and 5 at north. A non-original wooden stairwell leads to a
second floor egress off the north fa<;ade. A fiat roof tops the building and the limestone foundation is
exposed at the north and east facades, due to the sloping terrain toward the east. The building sits on
a fairly intact block on Main Street. with buildings from the 1860s-1880s on either side. Generally,
these buildings are similar in scale and materials. The three interior commercial spaces have been
altered to varying degrees, from very little at the north space to entirely covered up at the south space.
The north space, Rolling Bootery's entrance is joined to the middle space by lack of a common wall
near the front. The north bulkhead and windows remain ~ntact. as is the decorative tin ceiling, which is
in good condition. The ceiling continues into the middle space, but the bulkhead here has been
covered over the years. A decorated iron column supports the beam above where the common wall
between the two spaces ends to provide an open floorplan in the front of the entire store. The original
or eady flooring has been covered over the years and its condition/existence is unknown at this time.
The south commercial space obliterated with vanous Iow-cost remodelings (partition walls and
paneling) reveals little historic fabric and is a maze of offices and corndors. Under layers of tiled and
dropped ceilings, exists a damaged lath & plaster ceiling, but no sign of a tin ceiling like its north &
middle counterparts, nvestigation looking west to the front wall inside the ceiling reveals little but
panels over the existing storefront, so conditions of original materials are unknown without further
investigation. Basements under the north and middle space include dirt floors limestone wails,
entrances to a vaulted sidewalk (now patched over} and exterior entrances at the rear (middle space)
and north wall (north space). The south basement is most intact of the three, with the original vaulted
sidewalk intact, but a uneven concrete floor was ~oured likely within the last 50 years. Limestone walls
in all three are in need of raking and repointing, with minor repairs throughout, but structural damage
will need to be assessed as work progresses, with mitigation in the form of support beams and new
foundtion wall footings. All three have trap-door entrances at the rear of the commercial space that are
still in use. Upstairs, the 2"° & 3~° floor apartments remain remarkably intact. Unoccupied for about 15
years, the three two-story apartments (each lined up over a commercial space) have their original
layouts and architectural features, except for an upstairs bedroom that was converted to a bathroom
and the addition of summer kitchens on the back of the apartment (all very early and similar.) Each
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 11
Site Number
Related Distdct Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address City
apartment second (main) floor consists of a front parlor and a back kitchen, divided by closets off of
both rooms and a entrance way/stairwell to the upper floor. A smalt, frame summer kitchen (lean-to) is
accessed off the back wall via the kitchen. This room has wide plank floors, wainscotting, and a targe
skylight on the sloped roof. A window and door lead to a deck over the 1~t floor addition. The apartment
third floor consists of front bedroom, and two back bedrooms, separated by the upstairs hall and
stairwell. One of the equally sized back rooms was converted to a bathroom at some point, evidenced
by the surface plumbing and awkward use of a large space. The apartments still have many original,
modest, architectural details like. vernacular wooden ballustrades, non-industry regulated plank
flooring, odginal doors and divided light transoms above most doors. Various windows have often been
replaced with 1 over 1 sash of the same size and window frames and extedor sills have been subjected
to dryrot, especially at the east fa~;ade. Lastly, additions to the rear are numerous. The commercial
space masonry additions are fairly tidy and functional although they are in varying degrees of structural
repair. The apartment additions are historic, cummulative and confusing. Generally, offthe main
masonry wall. a small clapboarded lean-to summer kitchen was constructed over the commercial space
addition roofs. The summer kitchens are narrow (running about 1/2 the width of the apartment) and
consistently alike, so there is ample space to move between them outside on the roof structure of the
commercial space additions. Added (to the east) of each summer kitchen are lean-to storage additions,
of varying sizes but similar construction. As many as 1-4 compartments are in each addition, with
doors or access panels to each compartment. Over the entire structure (roof and additions) is a porte-
cochere like structure- a wooden roof structure supported by columns, attached to the main masonry
wall and extending over the entire original commerical space masonry addition, protecting all the
summer kitchens and other frame additions. A wooden stairwell provides a second entrance offthe
back toward parking below. Two different sets of double frame storefronts fronted north behind this
building, the first being gone by 1909, the second set present by 1936, but gone by 1962. A narrow
covered passage separated this building and the first set of heady adjoining buildings. Over time the
east or rear end of this building was solidly built up with a complex array of small frame buildingsand
additions, one of which intruded southward behind 1068 Main. By 1909 the existing array of brick one
and two-story additions, stairs and frame porches was in place The frame porches are not indicated
on Sanborn Fire Insuranc Maps and appear to be of recent [post-1962) origin.
Ira Hanson built a single-storefront (19x65), three-story store and dwelling on the southeast
corner of 11TM and Main in 1868. The building cost $3.500 and the storefront was first occupied by
Pettibone & Company. Hanson expanded the building bytwo additionalstorefronts {32x40) in 1873,
spending $7.000. The Herald termed it "a tasty block." A newspaper search for 1868 failed to locate
detailed accounts of the building work. The Herald did report on June 17.1868 that the store on the
corner of Iowa and 13TM streets that housed Pettibone & Blossom's Grocery, the first tenant of this
building, had been sold, thus displacing the tenant firm. This Italianate style commercial block, like
1066 Main. represents the plain facade design that typified downtown Dubuque until the boom of the
mid-1870s. The later designs added pavilions and pediments and otherwise elaborated the facade,
breaking up the formedy uninterrupted wall plane. This example is particularly well preserved, given
the survivat of its very early cast iron ornamental storefront. It is one of a handful of early surviving
commercial blocks, most of which are located on this block. It attests to the on-going northward
expansion of Main Street, as the downtown began to grow after the Civil War. This is a contributing
building.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 12
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, 10t~ to 12'" streets
Address
Dubuque
CoUn~
Dubuque
Ci~
1086 Main tenants were Thomas Dangerfield, tax]der]st (1875-80), Knoernschild & Son. meats
(1890-1915. one of two stores), C. J. Schaefer, meats (1899), Clarence Knoernschild, meats (1921-34),
Marguerite Style Shop (1941), Reilly Sporing Goods (1945-48), Crystal Lunch (1955). 1088 Main was
the address for the upstairs apartments, c. 1934-? and artist S. S. Sargent lived there in 1881-83. 1092
Main tenants were C. C. Lieben. meats, vegetables (1878-92) and Willson & Company, grocers (1890),
F. A. Lymburner. confectionery, (1899), William Dockstader. candy (1908), Louis Schwartzberg (1915),
no listings for 1923-34, Carl DeMalo. shoe repair (1934-41), Sager Blaine Shoe Repair (1945-55).
1098 Main tenants were F. B. Pettibone. grocer. 1868-80 (at 1090-98), Knoernschild & Son meats
(1890) D.A. Putnam. grocers (1899), William Dockstader. candy (1908), Jacob J. Schweitering, grocer
(1909-21), Michael Pusateri Grocery (1934-55).
247 West 11m Street. post-1891, pre-1909/36
This is a three-story apartment block. Further investigation is required. It is included to simplify
the district boundaries and it is a contributing building.
248 West 1 l'n Street: post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This two-story Second Empire row house is of a surprisingly late date for that style but
exemplifies the local retention of the mansard roof form late into the 19'n Century. This is a true
mansard roof form. The plan includes a projecting three-sided bay, a double door entrance with
transom, and elaborate rounded stone lintels with keystones. The plain stone sills have end brackets.
The back wall is fiat and features a raised parapet false front treatment. This is a contributing property,
included to simplify district boundaries but its present also attests to the transition of commercial to
residential land uses as one proceeds northward along Main Street. This is a contributing building.
1100-50 Main Street: Bissell Block, 31-02211. post-1872, pre-1884.
This is a six-unit two-story brick rowhouse. The building appears on the 1884 Sanborn Map and
the 1889 lithograph (see be]ow). The design features a raised stone foundation, six full-height three-
sided front bays, a Second Empire style mansard roof with attic dormers (rounded caps) and carved
stone lintels with large keystones. This is a contributing property.
1101-13/1107-1111 Main Street: pre-1884
This building was most likely begun by Dr. J, Sproul, in 1857. Dr. Sproul was reported as of
August 24, 1857, as constructing a double storefront block, each storefront measuring 20x70. The
building was to be occupied by Greathead & Hopkins. As such, this is a very early and well preserved
example of the Italianate commercial style. While such building examples were once commonplace in
Dubuque's downtown, just a couple examples survive and this one is located well north of the original
downtown. The building is historically associated with this northward movement along Main Street. Dr.
J. Sproul announced plans in 1857 to built two 20x70 storefronts, valued at $9,000 at Main and 11th
streets (Times, August 24, 1857). A Dr. Prout, from St. Louis, hired builder Robert Rogers to finish a
two-story brick store on the same corner in 1859. The building had been started in early 1858 but had
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page13
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Name of Property
Main Street, '[0th to 12th Streets
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Address
c~ty
been stopped at the first story stage and had lain dormant for over a year. Work resumed in mid-1859
(Morning Sun, July 31, August 6, 1859).
This three-story brick double storefront is a two-part commercial block type design. The building
housed a drug store as of 1884, in both storefron~s It appears on the 1889 lithograph (see below) but
is not apparent on the 1866 one. The 1891 Sanborn curiously places dwellings only in this building,
apparently an error given the presence of a drugstore in the corner storefront as of 1909/36. The 1962
map shows five apartments. An apartment block. 247 West 11th. replaced rear frame sheds behind this
block c.1892-1909. This design is notable for its castleated cormce/parapet front. The paired windows
might be later alterations. The storefront has been replaced and there is a metal canopy. This is a
contributing property within the district. Maw Bulard ran a boarding house on this corner as of 1870. E.
W. Prentiss had a boarding house at 1111 Main in 1880. Maw Buliard did the same. at 1107 Mare. as
of 1883. Dubuque Laundry Company was at 1101 Main as ~f 1899. M. Hulbert, furrier, was at 1111
that same year. This is a contributing building.
1131-35 Main Street: 31-02212 (as 1127-35 Main), post-1884, pre-1889.
This three-stow brick double storefront is a two-part commercial block type. This is a key
building in the district given its extravagant pressed metal cormce and its semi-circular centered
pediment. The supportive corbelled brickwork on the fa(;ade is nicely integrated with the cornice m a
unique way. The two two-stow three-sided front bays are quite plain but elaborate the facade nicely.
The brickwork of the fa(~ade features soldier brick belt courses at the lintel levels. The storefront has
been replaced, transoms covered, and there is a metal canopy. This building appears on the 1889
lithograph (see below). The site is vacant on the 1884 Sanborn Map. There is a three-stow rear
addition and a single stoW garage that carries the building all the way to the alleyway to the west. As of
1890, Horr & Hamilton, physicians, were at 1131 Main, and grocers A. and G. D. Allen were at 1135
Main. W. W. Whelan, bike supplies, was at 1135 in 1899. Nicholas J. Kons. bicycles was at that
address 1909-21. Piggly Wiggly grocery occupied 1127~35 in 1925. Keller Electric was ih 1135 in
1934. Hruska Photographer was there (1135) in 1948-52, along with Courtland Apartments (four units,
1131) and The Disc Records (1127). This is a contributing property.
1141 Main Street: St. Luke's Methodist Rectory, 31-02213, 1896
This two-story stone rectory residence stands on the former site of the Methodist Episcopal
Church (see 1889 lithograph, below). It is listed on the National Register along with St. Luke's Church
to the north. It is contributing building.
1166 Main Street: post-1962
This is a new building and its forward placement on the lot makes it particularly intrusive. It is
non-contributing.
Iowa Depar[ment of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pape14
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Name of Proper~y
Main Street, 10th to 12th streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
1172 Main Street: 31-02214 (as 1178 Main) post-1891, .pre-1909
This is a three-stow brick apartment house that replaced a row of two-stow brick rowhouses
after 1891. The building design features a broad three-sided full height bay, a denticulated metal
cornice and high parapet, a raised stone foundation, stone belt courses at the lintel levels and a raised
two-door entrance. This building fronted against the Baptist Church (1856) to the north, which is non-
extant. The brickwork on the north wall indicates that line runs across the third floor exterior wall and
might represent an addition or repair; It is contributing building.
1199 Main Street: St. Luke's United Methodist Church, 31-02215, 1896
This massive stone church is individually listed on the National Register, along with its
associated rectory to the south. A row of three brick residences occupied this site as late as 1891.
Those residences appear on the 1889 lithograph (see below). George Kramer designed the church
which cost $65.000. This is a contributing building (Herald. May 24. 1896).
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pape 15
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Properly
Main Street, 10~ to 12th streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
8, Narrative Statement of Significance:
The significance of the proposed district rests on its service as the north end of Main Street.
Dubuque's principal commercial street. The topography of Dubuque dictated that other streets to the
east, streets which were unobstructed by projecting bluff (as was Main), would serve are the
commercial streets in the expanding downtown. Main Street continued to Seminary but it was
residential in its land use beyond 12~ Street and to some extend above 11'n
Thus this area was the northern commercial end of Dubuque's most important commercial
street. It differed fundamentally from the blocks to the south in that its storefronts Were smaller, and
were used only by small retailers (jewelers. barber shops, cafes, cleaners, drapery stores, millinery and
hat shops, groceries, shoe and boot stores, shoe repair shops, confectionades, dress makers, beauty
shops, taxidermists). The small storefronts worked in conjunction with apartments and boarding
houses above them and the result was a combination small retail and residential walking city. The
district lay on the double track of the 3rinc~pal streetcar line along Main. another indication of its
centrality to the downtown.
The mix of commercial buildings is imposing, with almost all of the buildings being three stories
th th
in height or higher. The block between 10 and 11 transitioned from substantial brick residences to
commercial storefronts after the Civil War and at least three buildings on the east side of Main date to
1868-1873 and likely contain earlier building remnants. Thus the range of styles runs from some of the
earliest surviving downtown storefront examples to the turn-of-the century.
"City of Dubuque," 1866 Lithograph
This southward view is the eadiest known representation of the district area. City Hall is the
large building in the left hand center of the image. St. Joseph's Institute is in the center foreground,
fronting on Locust and north of 13TM Street. The image shows the First Congregational Church (1856-
57. finished 1880, William Buckus. architect, $40.000) center background, but distorts the distance
between 11 TM and 13TM streets in the foreground.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
ContinUation Sheet
Page 16
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Prope~rt~,
Main Street, 10 to 12th streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1889, Lithograph
This lithograph, looking towards the northwest from the river, depicts almost all of the present
buildings. Curiously absent, o~- confused, is the Bissell Rowhouse block at Main and 11th streets, which
is cleady shown as present on the 1884 Sanborn Map. The Congregational Church is at the far left, the
Universalist Church is below and left of center, and the Methodist Episcopal and Baptist (1856)
churches are visible in the 1100's block of Main Street. Note the gap south of 1091 Main, the four-stow
corner building.
Main Street, 1000's block, view northeast from 10th Street
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College)
This image could be as early as the late 1890s, but likely is closer to 1900. Note the tree
standing in front of the Bissell Block in the background.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 17
Site Number
Related DiStrict Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Panoramic view to the northeast from the 11 Street Elevator. c.1895
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo #4783)
This image is similar to the one that follows, but it is earlier and covers more of the district to the
southeast. The First Presbyterian Church (1856, Thomas Kavanaugh and E. Harris. architects) is
visible inthe foreground, while the Congregational Church is out of sight to the right. At right of center.
1091 Main (four stories) has yet to be doubled to the south and its south side porch is visible. The rear
porches of 1067-79 Main Street is also visible further south.
Panoramic overview, to the northeast, c.1900-10
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs -
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 18
Site Number
Related District N umber
Upper Main Street Historic District
Name of Proper~y
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
The First Presbyterian Church stands in the left foreground of the above image. The
Congregational Church is out of view to the right. Across the center of the image are St. Luke's
Church. the Baptist Church 1172 Main are clearly visible. The three-story buildings to right of center
are the three,story buildings located north of West 1 lt" Street.
Main ~;treet' viewed south from West 12th Street. c. 1910
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College)
Trees line the sidewalk in front of the Bissell Rowhouses. St. Luke's Church and parsonage are
at the right. 1172 Main is at the far left front.
Main Street. viewed south from West 11 Street. 1905
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe19
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Properly
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
Address
County
Dubuque
City
Prominent amongst the signage is that for the Dubuque Cabinet Makers Association. This
image depicts the 1000's block of Main after the major south end buildings were completed. Note the
jeweler's watch sign at the left.
Alley west of Main, viewed north from West 10 . c. 1940
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo SCH-008)
This image shows the storefronts at 245-47 West 10t~ Street in the front right. The
Congregational Church and parsonage are at the left. Prominent are the south wall of 247 West
St. Luke's church is visible in the right-hand background. The steeple of the Second Presbyterian
Church is left of center in the background.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 20
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Prope~r~.
Main Street, 10 to 12
TM streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Congregational Church. view to the noriheast, panoramic view, c.1895
(Center For Dubuque History, Loras College, Photo RM-1106)
In the above view, the original duplex building at 248 West 10TM is extant, the Dubuoue Cabinet
Making Association Building is newly finished and retains its original triangular pediment, and 1091
Main has yet to be doubled to the south (four-story building to the left of the church).
!( Street c. 1937
(The Forgotten House)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 21
Site Number
Related Distdct Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10~ to 12~ streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
One of the special features of the corner of 10~ and Main was located at the former residence of
Dr. R. S. Lewis. The Herald noted in early June 1881 that the "curious tree...is now in flower. It is the
only tree of the kind in the city, and was introduced into the United States many years ago as a shade
tree from eastern Europe. Though it bears many flowers with a peculiar odor, yet; like some of the
individual 'Oleasters,' it never produces seeds. Its botanic name is 'Oleagnus Augustifolia,' and it will
grow from cuttings." Perhaps this is the tree still visible in the above image (Herald, June 4, 1881).
This image illustrates both the retention of eady residences well into the 20~ Century and the
sharp escalation in commercial scale that occurs on Main Street below West 10th Street. The seven-
story Bank and Insurance Building (1894), visible at 9th and Main streets, was, when first built, the
state's largest office building.
9. Major Bibliographical References:
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, 1884, 1891, 1909/36, 1962
Dubuque City Directories, 1859-1952
Bruce Kdviskey, Dubuque~ Iowa-Architectural Survey 1978/1979~ Atlas of City VVide and District
Survey Maps, Dubuque; n.p., c.1979
County Assessor's Data
The Forgotten House: A Graphic Bulletin of Housing Conditions among the Lower Income Groups In
Iowa, (Des Moines or Ames: Iowa State Planning Board. n.p., n.d.)
Lyons, Randolph W., Dubuque: The Encyclopedia, (Dubuque: First National Bank of Dubuque, 1991 ).
"City of Dubuque,~ Lithograph (Davenport; Charles Vogt, 1868)
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1889
11 Additional Documentation:
Legal Description:
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pa~e 22
Site Number
Related District Number
Upper Main Street Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Main Street, 10th to 12t~ streets
County
Dubuque
Address
city
Map:
Photographs:
Roll 7463
Frame
25
26
27
28
29
30
east side Main. view north from 10th
west side of same, from same. north
fiats, east side Main, north of 11% north
east side of Main. south from 11th
west side of same from same, southwest
1172 Main. view east
Site Inventory Form
State Historical Society of Iowa
(December 1, 1999)
State Inventory No. [] New [] Supplemental
[] Part of a district with known boundaries (en[er inventory no.] __
Relationship: [] Contributing [] Noncontributing
[] Contributes to a potential distdct with yet unknown boundaries
National Register Status:(any that apply) [] Listed [] De-listed [] NHL [] DOE
9-Digit SHPO Review & Compliance Number
[] Non-Extant (enter year)
1, Name of Property
historic name Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
other names/site number
2. Location
street & number VVhite to Pine, 6th to 1 1 streets
city or town Dubuque [] vicinity, county Dubuque
Legal Description: (if Rural) Township Name Township No. Range No. Section Quarter of Quarter
(If Urban) Subdivision Block(s) -- Tot(s) see below
3. State/Federal Agency Certification [Skip this Sect/on]
4. National Park Service Certification [Skip this Section]
5. Classification
Category of Property (Check only one box) Number of Resources within Property
[] building(s) If Non-Eligible Property (f Eligible Property, enter number of:
[] district Enter number of:
[] site 1_ buildings
[] structure __ sites
[] object __ structures
objects
i Total
Contributing
Noncontributing
25 3_ buildings
sites
structures
objects
3_~ Total
Name of related project report or m ultiple property study (Enter "N/A" if the property is not part of a multiple property examinationS.
Title Historical Architectura/ Data Base Number
The Architectural and Historical Resources of Dubuque, 1833-1955 31-059
6. Function or Use
Historic Functions (Enter categories fTom instructions)
10A011ndustry/Processinq/Manufacturing Facility/Mill
10A01-same-factory
01G01-same/Industrial Storage/Warehouse
Current Functions (Enter categories from instrucbons~
10A011ndustry/Processing/Manufactufinq Facility/Mill
10A01-same-factory
01G01-same/Industrial Storaqe/Warehouse
7. Description
Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions)
01-No Style
Materials (Enter categories from instructions)
foundation Stone
walls brick
roof Asphalt
other
Narrative Description ([] SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
8. Statement of Significance
Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "×' representing your opinion of eligibility after applying relevant National Register criteria)
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended A Properly is associated with significant events.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended B Property is associated with the lives of significant persons.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended C Property has distinctive architectural characteristics.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended D Property yields significant information in archaeology or history.
County Dubuque Address VVhite to Pine, 6th to 11 streets Site Number
City Dubuque Distdct Number
Criteria Considerations
[] A Owned by a religious institution or used
for religious purposes.
[] B Removed from its original location,
[] C A birthplaca or grave.
[] D A cemetery
[] E A reconstructed building, object, or structure.
[] F A commemorative property.
[] G Less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past
50 years.
Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions)
Amhitecture
Industry
Significant Dates
Construction date
various [] check if circa or estimated date
Other dates
Significant Person Architect/Builder
(Complete if National Register Criterion B is marked above) Architect
N/A Unknown
Builder
Unknowq
Narrative Statement of Significance (R~ SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
9. Major Bibliographical References
Bibliography [] See continuation sheet for citations of the books ar[[cles and other sources used in prepanng this form
10. Geographic Data
UTM References (OPTlONAL~
Zone. Earring IVorlhing Zone Eastit¢~ Northing
1 2
[] See continuation Sheet for additional UTM references or comments
~1t. Form Prepared By
name/title James E. Jacobsen
organization History Pays! Historic Preservation Consultinq Firm
street & number 4411 Inqersoll Avenue
city or town Des Moines
state IA
date May 5,2003
telephone 515-274-3625
ZiD code 50312
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION (Submit the following items with the completed form)
FOR ALL PROPERTIES
1. Map: showing the property's location in a town/city or township.
2. Site plan: showing posit[on of buildings and structures on the site in relation ro 3ublic readts).
3. Photographs: representative black and white photos. If the photos are taken as par~ of a survey for which the Society is to be
curator of the negatives or color slides, a photo/catalog sheet needs to be included with the negatives/slides and the following
needs to be 9rovided below on this oarticular inventory site:
Roll/slide sheet # 7464 Frame/slot # 1-28 Date Taken 11/02
Roll/slide sheet # Frame/slot # Date Taken
Roll/slide sheet # Frame/slot # Date Taken
[] See continuation snee~ or attached ~hoto & slide catalog sheet for list of photo roll or slide entries.
[] Photos/illustrations without negatives are also in this site inventory
FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF PROPERTIES, INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING AS WELL
I Farmstead & District: _ist of structures and buildings, known or estimated year built, and contributing or non-contributing status)
2. Barn:
a. A sketch of the frame/truss configuration in the form of drawing a typical middle bent of £he barn.
b. A photograph of the loft showing the frame configuration along one side.
c. A sketch floor plan of the interior space arrangements along with the barn's exterior dimensions in'feet.
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Use Only Below This Line
COncur with above survey opinion on National RegiSter eligibility: [] Yes [] NO r- ~,lore .Research RecommeNded
Comments:
Evaluated by (name/t/tie): Date:
owa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 1
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fafley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Property
White to Pine, 6th to 11 streets
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
7. Narrative Description:
This 28-building industrial complex comprises the core buildings of two giant Dubuque millwoCk
companies. Carr-Adams-Rider and Fadey-Loetscher. The district also comprises the only intact cluster
of major industrial buildings in Dubuque. The massive buildings are without doubt the largest Iowa
examples of their era and their structural design is a worthy subject of extensive investigation and
documentation.
The district is located immediately southeast of the Dubuque downtown proper. The elevated
U.S. Highway 61 forms the southern and eastern natural boundaries ofthe district. The district includes
the area bounded by 6'" on the south (Jackson to White Streets), White (north of 6'" to 9'n),the alley east
of White (9~ to 10'% and Jackson streets (10th to 1 lt~), 11t~ Street on the north (Jackson to Pine
streets), and Pine Street (9t~ to 1 lth),a Washington Street (7 TM to 9t~) and Jackson Street (6th to 7th) on
the east.
The core major buildings (see numbers 3. 7. 12, 13, 16, 25 27 and 28 in the list below) are all
load-bearing designs with load-bearing exterior brick walls. The tallest rise five stories high. Ail date to
the pre-World War years although they appear to be older in date. The latter effect reflects a
conservative Dubuque design and building tradition. The notable hint of a later building date is the
extensive use of metal industrial window infillings. The buildings are architecturally elaborated with
pavilions, pilasters massive entry arches decorative pediments and parapets, and other distinctive
features. Still. it would be difficult to specify a building style across the district. The Can', Ryder &
Adams buildings as of late 1932 consisted of 12 percent reinforced concrete construction. 59 percent
"boards on joists,," and 29 percent plank on lumber skeleton construction.
Brick streets and still-functioning railroad spurs add key distinctive features to the district. The
buildings along the railroad spurs have massive metal-covered awnings and elevated loading docks.
Catwalks, one being more a five-story addition rather than a catwalk, connect many of the buildings and
the remnants of catwalks are to be found on the Fadey-Loetscher Company buildings.
The north four btocks represent the buildings of the Cart-Adams-Rider Company while the
southern three blocks Contain those of the Fadey-Loetscher Company.
The level of integrity is surprisingly high, despite the tendency of industrial buildings to be
considerably altered over time. Many doors and windows have been in-filled but the vast majority of
the building fronts are very well preserved. Several buildings have been re-clad with metaI siding but
these are being restored at the present time. Other buildings have been demolished. These for the
most part have been excluded from the district. One massive stone foundation was reused for a new
building on the northwest comer of Jackson and 10th streets. Necessarily modern penthouses, tanks
and other external service elements have been placed atop several buildings but the district has a
distinct sense of time and place.
Those buildings that appear to be single construction efforts actually represent multiple
additions over time. The building list necessarily consolidates these to single units if they are
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 2
Site Number
Related District Number
Cart-Ryder-Adams/Far 9y-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Properly
White to Pine, 6t~ to 1" streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
C~
encompassed within a unified facade. Each particular building descriptive entry treats the sub-units
within each larger block and provides the date sequence that the parts represent.
Building Descriptive and Historical List:
For now the buildings are fairly arbitrarily numbered from north to south. Addresses will be
g~ven when applicable.
Building #1:
This is a recent metal clad two-stow building, likely built in two parts, with a lower southward extension.
Its construction was made possible by the vacation of the south end of Elm Street. below 11t~ Street.
Building #2:
This is a three-stow rectangular brick building that is dated to pre-1909, Its footprint measures 79x53
with the longer dimension oriented north/south. What is likely a south end extension of the same
design (45x108) has the same building date and is counted as part of the same building. A 1932
Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Map dates both portions to 1919 and this is confirmed by the
1909/36 Sanborn Map. There is an elevator penthouse in the northeast corner of the south half and its
roof also has or had two skylights, The building has a raised ashlar limestone foundation. The window
arches are semi-circular brick openings and the window infill is Iouvered metal sash There is a garage
door opening and external metal fire escape on the north fa(;ace. Sanborn Maps show a single stow
brick warehouse on the site in 1884-91. These buildings are shown as sash and door warehouses. It
is possible that the southern portion of this building includes a single story foundry that was present as
of 1884,
Building #3:
This massive five story L-plan brick warehouse is one of the key factory buildings in the district, it
consists ofthree parts. The northernmost measures 168x92. with its longer side oriented east/west,
The middle section measures 128x94 with its longer dimension running north/south. Both of these
buildings are five stories high. The southern three-stow portion measures 222x71 and orients
east/west. The last named is likely the oldest, possibly being an enlargement of a matching two-story
building profile that was present as of 1891 as part of the Novelty ron Works complex. The northern
section has a fa{;ade that consists of window bays that are defined by brick pilasters, ten bays in all
Each window void is infilled with a triple metal sash (6/9) with off-center louver openings. The
brickwork is a dark brown The building frame is of reinforced concrete with brick and window in-filling.
The foundation is raised, is of concrete and there are north-facing concrete window wells. The middle
building has a brick veneer or load-bearing exterior and is dated to 1909. The Sanborn Map indicates
"Mill construction" which implies load-bearing wood column and beam construction (This building
includes buildings 17. 22 and 23 on the Sanborn Maps, 1909/36).
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 3
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Property
White to Pine, 6t~ to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Building #4:
This is an amalgam of infill buildings that includes a single-story loading dock and a fairly massive four-
stow "catwalk" connection between buildings #3 and #7, The former is of recent date, post-1962. The
latter dates to c. 1909, the year #3 was built. Otherwise this was a pass-through street (Washington)
that was lined with metal canopies over loading docks.
Building #5:
This is a large single-stow square plan (100x104) that dates to 1916. This was originally a covered
lumber shed. There are six bays and wooden column roof supports. The odginal building had
sidelights.
Building #6:
This is the headquarters building for Cart, Ryder & Adams Company, and it dates to 1916. It features
the most distinctive architecture of the district, the style being a combination of Prairie and Craftsman
influences. The building is two stories with a raised foundation and its footprint measures 81x61. It is
spatially separated from the complex on most of its four sides. While the sidewalls are fully fenestrated
with double and quadruple wooden sash (1/1), the fat;ade is minimally fenestrated. A central pavilion
includes a broad stair approach, double door entry with transom, an ornamental stone entryway with
sidelights, and a window band on the upper floor. A special feature is a quoin-effect that is created on
the comers using projecting tiers of rusticated brick. The upper reaches of each quoin has a lattice
work pattern of intersecting brickwork. Stone belt courses define the water table and parapet base
levels and stone capitals surmount each quoin. The parapet coping is of tile and the parapet front
features an unusual brick variation of denticulation. This is a key building in the district.
Building #7:
This building is another key structure and one of the giant industrial buildings in the district. It is five
stodes high and the west half measures 121x123. The east half is somewhat longer on a north/south
orientation. A driveway separates the two sections on the lower level. The remarkable structural
feature of this building is the use of solid joists, set flush, as a ground level floor support. Wood
columns (12x12) support each floor. The building has a solid brick exterior wall and pilasters form
window bays, 13 on the south front, 8 to the west. The south front is the main one and features a broad
triangular pediment that is emblazoned with "CRA." The alleyway through the building has massive
Romanesque style brick arches on either end. The foundation is a combination of stone and concrete.
indicating that the building went up in stages. A hoistway and penthouse is in the southwest corner of
the plan.
Building #8:
This is a late-date infilling structure on what was a portion of 10TM Street.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Site Number
Related District Number
Page 4
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Faney-Loetscher Industrial District
Name ~f Property
Wh te to Pine, 6t~ to 11 streets
Dubuque
CounTy
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Building #9:
This is an L-plan two-sTory reinforced concrete building that was built in 1937, The Telegraph~Herald
notes the construction of a two story reinforced concrete addition to the Klauer Mfg. Co. warehouse and
factory on May 9, 1937. Its support system utilized mushroom columns. Its eastern front has been clad
in a vertical wood front and the building serves as offices.
Building #10:
This is an early remnant of the Iowa Iron Works. the noted firm of Rouse & Dean. The firm fabricated
many of the ornamental iron storefronts and structural ironwork in the main buildings of the city. It
dates to pre-1884 and served as the boiler works for that firm. This is likely the oldest surviving building
in the district. Later it was a warehouse for Klauer Manufacturing Company (c. 1909). The end walls
have a stepped gable effect and the roof is a gambrel form. Brick pilasters define five bays on the
north/south running west front and three on the southern end wall. The soft red brick indicates an early
date of construction.
Building #11:
This is another early component of the Iowa Iron Works. dating to post-1884 and pre-1891. It is an
early red brick two story rectangular plan. Brick pilasters form five bays along the longer north/south
dimension and four across the south end wall. There is an elaborate brick parapet. The upper
windows have been replaced but semi-circular brick arches remain on the lower level.
Building #12:
This massive two-story brick industrial building fills an entire block. It comprises eight additions
(numbered 1-8 on the 1909/36 Sanborn Map). The wooden column and beam internal support system
is truly wondrous to behold. The columns are made up of bolted 3x15 planks. Massive I-beams have
been added throughout the building over time to support an ever-increasing weight of machinery.
Heavy diagonal braces tie together columns and beams throughout the plan Interior stone walls with
infilled window and door openings denote the former exterior walls of the earliest portions of the
building. The unified exterior brick faCade is divided into window bays on the west'half of the north wall
and across the southern and western facades. The southern fa~;ade has an irregular parapet level and
10 :)ays of varying width are defined. A massive Richardsonian style semi-circular archway opens to
the central drive-through. The stone foundation is slightly raised and a number of basement windows
and wells have been solidly infilled with concrete boxes. Windows have wooden sash (4/4 12/12} and
semi-circular brick arches. Wooden sash is unusual in the district and denotes the early construction
date of this block. The west faCade has 13 window bays, mostly of uniform width with paired window
opemngs on each level. The ground floor is also raised above grade. There are numerous single door
openings and one sealed up double door.
Number 1: 100x22. This section post-dates 1909. The second plant engine room was on this
corner as of that time.
Iowa Department of Cultura[ Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 5
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-AdamslFarley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,rt~
VVhite to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Address
city
Number 2: 100x30. This is the original power plant, or at least the plant was behind the front
portion of this building. It is present as of 1884. The lower floor at least has internal stone side
walls which were originally fenestrated.
Number 3: 107x70. This section also pre-dates 1884. It was later extended back to the ddve-
through.
Number 4: 100x60. This section contained the odginal Carr. Ryder, Adams offices as of 1884.
There is a central elevator.
Number 5: This is the open drive through on the ground floor, running north/south. Originally
the driveway was open, with covered or built in wall infills.
Number 6: 100x51. This section pre-dates 1891 and was originally used for shipping an(:
storage.
Number 7: 100x110. This section post-dates 1909
Number 8: 100x98. This section post-dates 1909.
Building #13:
The 1990/36 Sanborn Map denotes this building as consisting of four parts that are numbered south to
north as 9-12. Numbers 9-10 have a corrugated metal front on stud walis. Number 9 {dated to 1919)
has an L-plan and measures 100x55. It first served as a company garage and apparently was first
elevated on tapered concrete piers. Number 10 (dated to 1909) infills the front of that "L" and
measures 61x28. Number 11 measures 100x53, and #12, in two parts, measures 54x64 (front) and
48x54 (rear). The whole is two stories high and is bdck faced. The pediment features a stepped gable
Dutch-tike gable front. As of 1884, the site largely housed the lumber yard of the Dubuque Cabinet
Makers Association. By 1891 it was stiff used for lumber storage and houses occupied the 10TM Street
end of the half block. By 1909 the brick north end (#11-12) was extant and housed the newest power
plant for Carr, Ryder & Adams Company. It was of fireproof construction with concrete floors and
exposed steel roof trusses. The fa(;ade is quite elaborate, bears the company name and represents
the hay day of the company's growth.
Building #14:
This appears to be a frame addition with a bdck veneer to #15 to the south. It is metal covered at
present. The building was in place as of 1909/36 and was three stodes tall. It likely represents an
addition built by the White House Biscuit Company.
Building #15: South side door is addressed as 151 East 9t~ Street.
This building had its origins pre-1884 as the Dubuque Linseed Oil and Paint Works. That same firm
occupied the same building as of 1891. By 1909136 the White House Biscuit Company occupied the
south one-third of this entire block and this building had gained a fourth floor. Building $14,
immediately north was also extant as of that time. As of late 1932 the Baxter Soap Company occupied
the buildings. The building is covered with metal but is in the process of restoration. Exposed
brickwork indicates the use of a dark brown bdck, and semi-circular brick window arches, 8/8 lights and
original wooden sash still in place. There is a raised stone foundation. This building has the potential
to be a very eady surviving Dubuque factory example.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 6
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope.rt~y~
White to Pine, 6 to 11 s~ree~s
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Building #16:
This four story half-block building is the northernmost of the Farley & Loetscher Corn Dany complex. It
is composed by at least six construction increments, all of which post-date 1894 at which time the
Dubuque Linseed Oil & Paint Company occupied the northern two-thirds of the east half of the block
All of the buildings have load-bearing brick walls and wooden columns and beams. The brick facades
on sides and eastern main front feature the same window bays with intervening pilasters. 22 on the
east facade, six on each end wall. Windows have semi-circular brick arches. Windows are or were
wooden sash, the top floor being 6/6 lights, those below, 9/9. The east facade has a centered raise(:
pediment and there is a corrugated metal canopy over a full-length concrete loading dock. A dou
south end catwalk has been removed and the openings sealed up.
Building #17
The northwestern quar[er of this two-story blacksmith building appears to pre-date 1891, at which time
it housed the Key City Iron Works and was in use as a foundry, and that name remains on the
building's north side walt. The same firm was still here as of 1909. The present building was extant by
1909. The back portion is a later addition, present by that time. with a combination of wood and iron
columns, the north side wall is of concrete block construction. The single story garage-like additions to
the south are additions to this building. The original building is an early industrial building type, with
stone foundation and brick exterior walls. Fenestration is minimal and the windows have semi-circular
brick arches. The parapet is denticulated and there is a doubte front door with semi-circular arch. The
garage portion to the south has a tile coping on its irregular parapet front.
Building #18:860 Jackson Street
This two-story brick factory building with basement (an unusual floodplain corn ~onent in the district)
pre-dates 1891 and likely was built by the Wieneke & Hohenadel Pickle & Kraut Factory, which
occupied it at that time. Jaeger-Kunnert Company wholesale grocers occupied the building as of 1909.
A farm supply store and feed warehouse was here in 1962. The building had symmetrical fenestration
on its fa(;ade and a raised floor level. A central door had a transom. Just the central upstairs window
and two lower windows remain, along with two single doors, one of which is newer. The parapet is
denticulated and the facade painted white. The single-story storefront to the south is an addition that
post-dates 1909. The foundation is of stone.
Building #19:
This is a later-date power plant that was built by Caradco prior to 1962. The building is non-contributing
to the district pending further investigation as to its date of construction and original appearance
Building #20:
The core of this two-stow building dates to c. 1909 when it served as the offices of Spahn & Rose
Lumber Company. It has been refaced with a modern brick and re-fenestrated so as to render it non-
contributing to the district,
Iowa Depar[ment of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 7
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,r~
Whiteto Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Building #21:
This is a new building, an addition to #19 to the west. It is non-contributing.
Building #22:
This three-stow reinforced concrete block dates to c. 1909, at which time it housed the Kretschmer-
Tredway Company, plumbing supplies manufacturers. Signage on the raised front central pediment
bears the title "Kretschmer Manufacturing Co." and the hoistway penthouse is inscribed "HK." The
faCade has a two-bay wide central raised pavilion and bdck pilasters define four equal-sized bays
across the front. There is a metal shed roof canopy over a raised loading dock across the northern two
thirds of the faCade.
Building #23:
This is a full-block sized single-story brick building and a key property within the district. It was
originally built as a covered lumber shed by the Farley-Loetscher Company. It is a remarkable
surviving building type and one that is likely not matched in the state. Not only is it a full square block in
size but it was also built with a substantially raised floor to protect its contents from flooding. The
building combines exterior load-bearing walls and an internal 20x20 brick or concrete p~er construction
(17 feet on center) in its support system. Originally the building contained massive drying kilns. It
retains its raised Iow angled gable roof although considerable modern mechanical systems are now
mounted on the roof. altering its historical profile. Still the building is contributing because the building
itself retains its original appearance. The building facades are comprised of window bays and
ntervening brick pilasters. There are 13 bays on the north and south walls, and 15 on the two side
walls. Upper level windows are doubled in each bay, with no lower fenestration, again an apparent
protection against flooding. The windows have semi-circular brick arches and stone or concrete lintels.
There are five overhead door openings on each east and west wall.
Building #24:
This square plan has a double vaulted roof. wood framing and extedor brick walls with pilasters. The
building was apparently built by Farley & Loetscher for use as a warehouse and laboratory. It was
present on the 1909/36 Sanborn Map as a two or three-stow building, with a catwalk connection across
the alley to the east. The present building might be a remnant of that earlier building, with a new roof.
By 1962 Caradco owned the lot and the Sanborn Map locates the "Fadite Dept." in the corner building.
Sometime after 1936 three residences to the south were replaced with an extension and three single-
stow buildings which ranged further south. These remain extant with a parking lot on the south end.
Further investigation is recommended to determine the building date and integrity of the building.
Building #25:
This is the west half of what was once a full block of three story brick buildings of the Farley &
Loetscher Company. The east half of the block was solidly built up by the company by 1884 and there
was a power plant on the west half of the block. By 1891 the power plant remained but housing still
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 8
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,rt~y~
Whiteto Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
Address Ci~
.occupied the north half of the half block. By 1909/36 the entire block was built up. The major core
element of the surviving building is dated 1912 by the Sanborn Map of that date. This building was
likely built as a single unit. This is a three-part commercial block. The whole block plan was
symmetrical with central and corner pavilions, the whole being five stories high. The surviving half
contained the company offices and its architecture reflects that role. The building fronts west towards
the downtown. Most notable is a full-story exposed basement level with stone veneer. The exposure is
considerably greater on the southern exposure than its opposite end. The office entrance, on the
southwest corner on 8'" Street. features an ornamental pedimented stone entryway. The fa(;ade on the
south is broken into six window bays by the use of broad stone capped pilasters. The west fa~;ade
lacks the pilaster treatment but does use the triple pavilion plan. with plain intervening wall planes. The
attic level of the building is covered with a slip cover and further research is necessary to determine its
original appearance. There is a broad plain band that encircles the attic base. Rows of narrow
windows infill the southern exposure only. The building has lost its massive chimney. The building is of
fireproof reinforced concrete construction.
Building #26:
New Farley & Loetscher Building, White & streets, view northeast
(note original parapet lines) (Herald, January 2, 1910)
This is the southernmost Farley & Loetscher building and a date stone dates it to 1917. This half block
was a railroad yard through 1891 and the 1909/36 Sanborn Map shows the present building, and
confirms the building date. This is a massive seven-story building and a key property within the district.
Like its counterpart to the north, this design employs narrower central and end/corner pavilions. There
are attic projections at each of these points, which vary the parapet line. The end walls (north and
south) feature enframed four-bay squares with intervening pavilions. The uppermost floor lacks the
recessed pavilion fronts but maintains the same twin window fenestration pattern (four sets across the
center with single windows vertically aligned in the corner bays The same pattern is em ployed on all of
the fronts. The exterior brickwork is of a dark brown brick The building itself is of reinforced concrete
construction but the brick veneer obscures the concrete skeleton on all sides. The intedor support
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
IoWa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 9
Site Number
Related D stdct Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope.rt~y~
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
columns have mushroom capitals and square base plates atop them. All of the extedor trim is of cast
concrete. This includes a broad molded belt course that separates the first and second floors, window
sills. Unlike the counterpart building to the noah, this one fronts east and prominently placed painted
signage covers the two longer side walls. Shed roof metal canopies cover loading docks on the south
and east sides. A sedes of separate small canopies run along the west front. Twin catwalks once
connected north from this building, but have been removed. The southern loading dock is not original
to the design, and is not depicted on the 1909/36 Sanborn Map.
Architects:
Christian Loetscher designed and superv!sed the construction of all of his own buildings.
8. Narrative Statement of Significance:
The district contains the majority of the key buildings that were associated with the Cart, Ryder
& Adams and Farley-Loetscher miilwork companies, two firms that were leaders in the city's industrial
sector. Lumber-processing was a major Dubuque industrial sector and the long-term success of these
firms transcended the regional demise of lumber shipping and processing that otherwise ended along
the Mississippi River during the years pdor to World War I. The district is recommended as being
National Register of Histodc Places eligible under Criterion C, Architecture and Criterion A, history.
Architecturally, the district comprises the last surviving cluster of key industrial buildings in the city and
these collectively illustrate both the styles and the building technologies of this class of buildings.
Historically, the district is directly associated with Dubuque's industrial history. As of 1870, the city was
the most industrialized city in the state and that economic sector remained vital to the city's continuing
prosperity. Some of the buildings and firms included in this distdct were the largest of their trades in the
world.
1889 Lithograph, view north
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 10
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,tr~h
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
The district also includes a range of lesser industrial firms, a cracker factory, a remnant of the
Iowa Iron Works, portions of the linseed oil company works and the like. Many of these example
buildings survive nowhere else in the city.
Lumber Manufacturing in Dubuque:
The city emerged as a major lumber manufacturer given its ideal up-river location relative to the
Upper Mississippi River Valley timber supply. By 1869 there were already eight firms in Dubuque that
were milling and processing the raw lumber. These were Carr & Austin, Patch & Wait (J. L. Dickinso's),
Clark & Cowles, Pelan & Randall, E. R. Lumber, Dubuque Lumber Company, Clark & Scott, H.
Lambeck, E. R. Lumbert, Peterson & Company. These firms were particularly vulnerable to disastrous
fires, the last named just having been destroyed. Over time, numerous successor firms appeared
along with a number of lumber supply firms such as Standard Lumber Company. These withered or
burned away prior to World War I and just two firms, Carr, Ryder & Adams and Farley & Loetscher
would survive into recent times (Times, January 1, 1869).
Cart, Ryder & Adams Company:
William W. Carr reached Dubuque in 1866 from New York State. He partnered with W. H.
Austin and the Cart & Austin Company was established in 1866 or 1867 on South Main Street between
Jones and Railroad streets. It burned in 1879 and the firm relocated to 9th and Jackson streets. Two
early partners, A. B: Carlin and J. A. Rickard, later worked with Christian Loetscher. It was reorganized
in 1881 as Carr, Ryder & Wheeler. In 1891 it became Carr, Ryder & Engler Company. In 1897 it was
renamed Carr, Ryder & Adams Company. In 1938 it became Carr, Ryder & Collier Company. In 1958
it became Caradco and continues under that name today: At one time the company had extensive
branch plants and subsidiaries and these were divested of after World War II.
Carr, RYder & Adams, view northeast (?)(Herald, March 19, 1905)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 11
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial Distdct
Name of Prope.tr~h
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
Buildings:
1867, "immense Dubuque planning mill.* brick on stone foundation, three stories. 70x80 with
24x15 boiler wing, $36,000, located south of downtown on Southern Ave. (Herald, September 5,
1867).
1878, Can-, Austin & Co.. warehouse. $3.500 (Times. December 11. 1878).
1881, Carr, Ryder & Austin Sash Factory burns, new $35.000 factory already underway (Herald.
May 21, December 4. 1881).
1883, Can., Ryder & Wheeler, improvements. $5.362 (ibid.. December 19. 1883).
1888, addition (ibid.. March 15, 1888).
1890, warehouse (ibid., January 18. 1891 ).
1892, $20,000 factory ~mprovement (Herald, December 25, 1892).
1897, drying kilns, $6,000 (Herald, January 5, 1898).
1902, "Carr, Ryder & Adams Co completed the new addition to their manufacturing plant, which
now covers the whole of one block ane over half of the block across the street, (Enterprise.
June 20, 1903).'
1906, company declines to provide numbers. Telegraph-Herald estimates $25.000 in
improvements, notes corn party has acquired adjoining buildings (Telegraph-Herald, December
30, 1906).
1909,
Immense Factory Plant: Carr. Ryder & Adams Co. Plan A Gigantic
Structure:
What will be the largest single factory building in the city will be the
immense new plant which Cart, Ryder & Adams Co. will start work on as
soon as spdng opens up. The plans as preparee contemplate
improvements that will more than double the present capacity of the
company.
The new factory plant will be on the south side of Eleventh street on
Washington. and will be 171 by 187 feet, five stodes and basement. It
will be of bdck and stone and of fire proof construction modern in every
detail and built especially for factory purposes.
It will be built in two divisions with fire walls and fire proof openings
between. [t will have a fire proof tinned roof. and metal window frames
and wire glass.
In contemplation of the great addition to the capacity of the.factory, a
new power station is to be erected across Jackson street'from the present
factory north of the Biscuit Company's plant, where Carr, Ryder & Adams
Co. recently purchased three lots. Contracts for this building were let last
week and the foundation for the great smoke stack was put in last fall.
This power station will be 40 (?) by 100 feet, and will be a two story brick
building with wide entrance and large windows.
The present plant now covers the entire block between Tenth and
Eleventh, from Jackson to Washington streets and part of the block east.
The completion of the new building with other improvements which the
company contemplates will give it a plant of solid buildings covering more
Iowa Deoartment 2f Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pa~e 12
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,~rt~y
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
C]~
than two and a half blacks, the plans for the new building are practically
complete and the contracts are to be let and arrangements made for
beginning work as soon as spring opens up ( Times-Journal. January 21.
1910).
1910, new warehouse and addition to power plant. $50~000 (ibid.. January 1. 1911).
1910 five stoW concrete and brick (80x100), $13.500. new factory power plant. $5.000. addition
to lumber sheds, $2,000 (ibid.. October 2. 1910).
1919. $200,000 storage building, 160.000 square feet addition, contractor. A. M. Stiles. George
Stiles Construction Company (Times-Journal. December 19.31. 1919).
1924. warehouses. $400 000 (The Dubuque~ December 1924).
1948. Block tong lumber warehouse
1954, Research building
Carr; Ryder & Engler Company, 9 Jackson streets, view northeast, c. 1890
(Center for Dubuque History, Nagle Photo Collection, #1709)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pa~e 13
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,tr~h
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Caradco, 1951, view to southeast (Dubuque, Iowa, As A Stranger Sees It)
Farley-Loetscher Company:
Christian Loetscher (1850-1902) was born in Switzerland and was apprenticed there as a
carpenter. He emigrated to Amedca in 1868 and first worked on the Pacific Coast prior to coming to
the city in t872. He first worked for Patch & Waite at 9th and Jackson streets. He started his own
miltwork firm with partners A. A. Loetscher, W. R. Clark, A. B. Carlin and J. A Rickard, in early 1876,
under the name Key City Planing Mill (two story 40x60 feet). The firm started with ten hands. The firm
was reorganized as the Fadey-Loetscher Company, with partner J. P. Farley (died c.1892), and was
inc6rporated in 1881 the capital stock was $50,000, incorporators were Fadey, Loetscher, H. L. Stout,
J. M. Gdffith, A. B. Carlin and A. A. Welscher. later partners were C. M. Peaslee and James M Burch).
(Enterprise, June 20, 1903)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Papel4
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Failey-Loetscher industrial District
Name of Prope.~rt~y
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
City
(Enterprise, January 24, 1903)
(Company letterhead, 1923, courtesy Dale Wiegand, Dubuque Sash & Door Mfg.)
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 15
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Property
White to Pine, 6t~ to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
C~ty
Loetscher's singular innovation, in 1900, was using West Coast White pine as his millwork stock
source. Consequently his raw material source was immune to the effects of the depletion of the upper
Mississippi River woodlands that began at that time. As his competitors shut down, his company grew
stronger. At its height the company occupied 23 acres of floor space and was the largest millwork plant
in the world. By 1922 company employees numbered 1,000. ']'he company developed a national
market with its recognized brand name of "Quality-Bilt" woodwork. Branch subsidiaries were located at
Sioux Falls, Des Moines, and Chicago. A plastics department was added in the late 1930s. Other
successful new product lines included "rolling garage doors,' and kitchen cabinets. At its peak, the firm
employed 1,250 employees.
The company closed in early 1962 at which time it had 500 employees. Caradco absorbed its
holdings. The W. H. Gonyea Trust had acquired the company in 1960 but it had been losing money for
some years and that trend was not reversed (Telegraph-Herald, January 12. 1962).
The Dubuque Enterprise termed the firm as "among ~he largest manufacturers of fine interior
finish, doors, windows, blinds, mouldings and fine mill work in general in the entire country." The same
source noted that the firm was notable both for its national market and its national reputation for quality
workmanship (Enterprise; August 10, 1902).
The plant of the company is one of the most extensive of its kind in the United States.
compromising, as it does, a mammoth four-story structure, covering an entire block 100
by 225 feet in dimensions. It is needless to say that in the equipment of this immense
plant the company have called to their aid all the latest improvements in wood-working
machinery (ibid.).~
A year later, the same source added:
Sash and door manufacturing is one of the leading industries in the city and the great
factories of Farley & Loetscher Mnfg. Co., and the Cart, Rider [sic] & Adams Co. each
occupy solid blocks and employ between them upwards of 750 men (ibid., January 24,
1903).
Buildinqs:
1869, Key City Planing Mill, two-story addition, 22x40, $1,800 (Herald. December 16, 1869).
1879, large bdck planning mill, Eighth Street, $15,000 (Times. November 16, 1879).
1879-80, three-story building, 8t~ & Jackson streets, $75,000, demolished after 1962. The
Herald, January 1, 1880 reports construction of a $15,000 planing mill in 1879. The Herald
January 1, 1881 reports $7,000 in improvements in 1880. The Herald, December 31, 1882.
reports $40,000 in improvements.
1881 $7,500 in new building (Herald, January 1, 1881)
1882, $40,000 in new building, new boiler house $27,000 (ibid.. January 1, 1883).
1886, $4,000 in improvements (ibid., January 1, 1887).
1892, addition of a fourth floor to the complex, company capitalization increased to $200.000.
1892, $10,000 in improvements (Herald, December 25, 1892).
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 16
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Proper~y
White to Pine, 6th to 11 streets
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Address
City
1903, Jackson Street between 8th and 9t~ streets (company capitalization increased to
$400,000):
Farley-Loetscher Manufacturing Co. is at work on an addition to its plant
that extends a soldi block and when completed will double the size of
their present plant, giving them a continuous frontage of two blocks
(Enterprise, June 20. 1903).
1906, 8th ~ White. five story office and warehouse. $35.000. largest plant in city prior to
construction of Deere plant, used salvaged timbers from the St. Louis Expo of 1904 (Telegraph-
Herald, December 30 1906).
Prominent among the growing factories of the city is the Farley, Loetscher
Co.. sash. doors, etc. For years past this as been one of the largest
subscribers to the improvement columns and this year finds them down
on the list for an expenditure of thirty-five thousand dollars (ibid.)
1907, $35,000 in im 2rovements (ibid., December 29. 1907).
1909, White & 7~n. five stow factory, 50' frontage on White (ibid.. January 2, 1910).
1910, White between 7In & 8m. five story concrete and bdck. 200x100. $100.000 (ibid.. January
2, 1910, January 1, 1911).
Great Factory Addition: Farley & Loetscher Mnfg. Co. To Push Work In
Spring:
Only the excessive cold weather has put a stop to the work on the great
addition which the Fadey & Loetscher Mnfg. Co. is building to its plant.
This building will cover all of he west half of the block on White. between
Seventh and Eighth streets, and it is one of the very largest factory
projects the city has ever had
The fifty feet fronting on White at the Seventh street corner was built up
last year. and is a five stow and basement structure. It is the intention to
build up the remainder of the block. 206 feet front, the structure to
conform to the corner in style and design. This will make a solid five stow
and basement structure covering the entire east [west?] half of the block.
Its dimensions will be 100 by 256 feet. Since the entire east half of the
block is occupied by the present factory, the completion of the new
building will give the company a factory plant covering a solid block, 220
by 256 feet.
The largest single building under one roof in the city is its lumber sheds
and dry house on the block east of the factory block, this being a brick
structure also 220 by 256 feet. In addition to these two solid blocks the
company several years ago built up the half block on Jackson. from
Eighth to Ninth which is north of the factory plant, with a four stow and
basement brick building for warehouse and shipping purposes. This plant
of two and a half blocks is unquestionably not only the largest factory
plant in Iowa, but one of the very largest in the western country.
The new building will be of fireproof construction throughout and is
designed for the special purposes of the company.
The enlargement of the plant which the new building will effect has
made necessary the installation of a complete new power plant, the new
iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page17
Site Number
Related Distdct Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Property
White to Pine, 6t" to 11 streets
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
Address
city
smokestack for which is 153 (?) feet high and the largest in diameter of
any in the city.
The development of the Fadey & Loetscher Mnfg. Co. is indeed
marvelous. It was started in 1875. thirty-five years ago, by Mr. Christian
Loetscher. the present head of the business, and the genius of its
development, and the late Jesse F. Farley, under the style of Farley &
Loetscher. Its beginning was indeed modest, it being a planning mill
occupying a story and a half frame at the corner of Jackson and Eighth
streets. The first brick building was put up on the site of the frame'
structure in 1879.and from this has been developed the immense
business of today, which takes rank as the largest sash and door factory
in the world.
Mr. Christian Loetscher is the president. James M Burch. vice president
and treasurer, and J. A. Loetscher, secretary. These with Messrs.
Eugene Ryan and A. A. Loetscher comprise the board of directors.
Mr. Christian Loetscher. who has designed and personally
superintended all the building operations and other improvements is
giving his personal attention to the new work.
The power plant was built last fall and to make way for the new structure
the old smoke stack was taken down and the former power plant
dismantled. The comer at Eighth and White street [sic] has been built up
one stow and a good start has been made on the foundation along White
street, so that with the opening of spdng the work will be pushed
vigorously and it is expected to be complete by fall (Times-Journal.
January 21, 1910).
1910, 8t~ and White, five stow concrete and bric, 200x100. $19,000 (Telegraph-Herald. October
4, 1910).
1917, Seventh & White, warehouse, $200,000 (Times. January 1, 1918).
1924, two warehouses. $40,000 (The Dubuquer, December 1924).
This addition...will be almost exactly the duplicate in the full length of the block.., and will
just double the size of the company's plant.
The new structure will be 256 feet by 100 feet deep four stories. The foundation is
complete and work on the superstructure is to begin immediately, the contracts calling
for the completion of the building by August 1%
When the new structure is built, the plant will have a continuous frontage of two blocks
542 feet and will be the largest institution of its kind in the western country and one of
the very largest there is.
[the City Council had approved "artistic bridges" using steel arches to connect the 3~d
and 4th floors over 8th Street-Enterprise, April 11, 19031
Iowa Department of'Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page18
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Fadey-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope.,r~
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
Ci~
Klauer Manufacturing Company:
1914, $20,000 in improvements (Telegraph-Herald, December 27, 1914)
9. Major Bibliographical References:
Enterprise, August 10, 1902, p. 23.
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1889.
Telegraph-Herald, January12, 1962 ("Farley & Loetscher Will Close").
Fadey-Loetscher 75~" Anniversary, 1875-1950.
The Re-Saw. Farley & Loetscher Company, May 1922 (obituary for Christian Loetscher)
Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Company, Drawing of Caradco. Inc.. December 14. 1932 by
W. C. Styerwalt (courtesy Dale Wiegand. Dubuque Sash & Door Mfg.).
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, 1884. 1891, 1909/36
Dubuque City Directories. 1902, 1915, 1925. 1934
Bruce Kriviskey, Dubuque Iowa-Amhitectural Survey 1978/~979 Atlas of City Wide and District
Survey Maps, Dubuque; n.p., c. 1979
County Assessor's Data
Dubuque, Iowa As A Stranger Sees It. (n.p., 1951)
11 Additional Documentation:
Legal Description:
Blocks 1.2. 3, 5, 6, 50~ east halves of two blocks not yet identified.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of IOwa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 19
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Dubuque
Name of Property
White to Pine, 6tl~ to 11
Address
streets
County
Dubuque
C~ty
Maps:
Revised boundary maps (will add building numbers as used in text
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 20
Site Number
Related District Number
Carr-Ryder-Adams/Farley-Loetscher Industrial District
Name of Prope,t~h
White to Pine, 6 to 11 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
C~ty
Photographs:
Roll 7461
Frame View
Description
I northeast from White and 6th
2 north White from south of 7th
3 no image
4 northwest from Jackson and 8th
5 west Jackson and 7th
6 north along Jackson from 7th
7 north along Washington from 7th
8 west along 8th from Washington
9 north from Hwy.61 along Pine
10 northwest from same vantage between 7thand 8th
11 southwest from Hwy. 61 at 7th
12 west along 8th from Washington
13 northwest from Washington south of 9th
14 northwest from Pine and 9th
15 same from same, view more to north
16 southwest from same
17 northwest from Pine south of 11th
18 southwest from Pine and 11th
19 southeast from 11th west of Washington
20 southeast from 11th & Jackson
21 east from 10th & Jackson
22 southeast from same
23 same from same, east side of street
24 same from 9th & Jackson
25 northeast from Jackson north of 9th
26 southeast from 9th, west of Jackson
27 northeast north side of 10th, from Jackson
28 north along Jackson from north of 8th
Site Inventory Form State Inventory No. __ [] New [] Supplemental
State Historical Society of Iowa [] Part of a district with known boundaries {enter inventory no.) __
(December 1, 1999) Relationship: [] Contributing [] Noncontributing
[] Contributes to a potential district with yet unknown boundaries
NationaI Register Status:(any that apply) [] Listed [] De-listed [] NHL [] DOE
9-Digit SHPO Review & Compliance Number
[] Non-Extant (enter year) __
1. Name of Property
historic name Central Avenue Historic District
other names/site number Clay Street/Couler Avenue
2. Location
street & number Central Avenue, 15th to 18th streets
city or town Dubuque [] vicinity, county Dubuque
Legal Description: (If Rural) Township Name Township No. Range No. Section Quarter of Quarter
(If Urban) Subdivision Block(s) Lot(s) see ~]ow
3. State/Federal Agency Certification [Skip this Section]
4. National Park Service Certification [Skip this Section]
5. Classification
Category of Property (Check only one box) Number of Resources within Property
[] buiiding(s) If Non-Eligible Properly If Eligible Propertyj enter number of:
[] district Enter number of:
[] site 0 buildings
[] structure __ sites
[] object __ structures
objects
_~- Total
Contributing Noncontributing
63 _5 buildings
sites
structures
objects
Name of related project report or multiple proper7 study (Enter "N/A' if the property is not part of a multiple proper~y examination,.
Title Historical Architectural Data Base Number
The Architectural and Historical Resources of Dubuque, 1833-1955 31-059
6. Function or Use
Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions)
02A-O2H/CommerceFFrade
Current Functions (Enter categories from instructlons~
02A-O2H/CommerceFFrade
7. Description
Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions)
05-Late Victorian/o5B Italianate
01-No Style
Materials ',Enter categories from instructions)
foundation Stone
walls brick
roof Asphalt
other
Narrative Description ([] SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
8. Statement of Significance
Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" representing your opinion of eligibility after applying relevant National Register criteria~
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended A Property is associated with significant events.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended B Property is associated with the lives of significant persons.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended C Property has distinctive architectural characteristics.
[] Yes [] No [] More Research Recommended D Property yields significant information in archaeology or history.
Address Central Avenue, 15t~ to 18th streets Site Number
District Number
County Dubuque
City Dubuque
Criteria Considerations
[]'A Owned by a religious institution or used
for religious purposes.
[] B Removed from its original location.
[] C A birthplace or grave.
[] D A cemetery
[] E A reconstructed building, object, or structure.
[] F A commemorative property.
[] G Less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past
50 years.
Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions)
Architecture
Significant Dates
Construction date
multiple [] check if cima or estimated date
Other dates
Significant Person Architect/Builder
(Complete if National Register Criterion B is marked above) Architect
N/A N/A
Builder
Unknown
Narrative Statement of Significance ([] SEE CONTINUATION SHEETS, WHICH MUST BE COMPLETED)
9. Major Bibliographical References
Bibliography [] See continuation sheet for citations of the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form
10. Geographic Data
11. Form Prepared By
name/title James E. Jacobsen
organization History Pays! Historic Preservation Consulting Firm
street & number 4411 Incterso]l Avenue
city or town Des Moines
stateLA
date May 5, 2003
telephone 515-274-3625
zip code 50312
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION (Submit the following items with the completed form)
FOR ALL PROPERTIES
1. Map: showing the property's location in a town/city or township.
2. Site plan: showing position of buildings and structures on the site in relation to public mad(s).
3. Photographs: representative black and white photos. If the photos are taken as part of a survey for which the Society is to be
curator of the negatives or color slides, a photo/catalog sheet needs to be included with the negatives/slides and the following
needs to be provided below on this particular inventory site:
Roll/slide sheet Cf 7463 Frame/slot # 1-14 Date Taken Nov.2002
Roll/slide sheet Cf 7465 Frame/slot Cf 10-25 Date Taken Nov.2002
Roll/slide sheet # Frame/slot # Date Taken
[] See continuation sheet or attached photo & slide catalog sheet for list of photo mil or slide entries.
[] Photos/illustrations without negatives am also in this site inventory file.
FOR CERTAIN KINDS OF PROPERTIES, INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING AS WELL
1. Farmstead & District: (List of structures and buildings, known or estimated year built, and contributing or non-contributing status)
2. Barn:
a. A sketch of the frame/truss configuration in the form of drawing a typical middle bent of the barn.
b. A photograph of the loft showing the frame configuration along one side.
c. A sketch floor plan of the interior space arrangements along with the barn's exterior dimensions in feet.
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Use Only Below This Line
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 1
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property th
Central Avenue, 15 to 18t~ streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
7. Narrative Description:
This commercial district includes six half blocks fronting on upper Central Avenue (originally
called Clay Street), between 15th and 18th streets. The district continues on its northern end with a
commercial district that was identified during the Phase I Couler Valley survey. This would extend the
boundary to 20th Street. A few properties located south of 15th Street are also included.
The commercial buildings in this district collectively represent the gradual commercialization of
the avenue. Originally the street was largely residential, with several churches on its upper end at 17th-
18t~ streets, but there were always commercial buildings, of frame construction at first.
There are at least nine major commercial blocks in the district and these are dated broadly from
the post-Civil War years to the 1890s. Their designs range from plain-faced fronts to elaborate
combinations of bays, pavilions, pilasters and decorative parapets, cornices and pediments.
Conspicuously absent along this range of blocks is the mansard form, commonly found north of 18th
Street and this might indicate that there is less German architectural influence in this stretch of Central.
A number of buildings feature solid stone lintels, set above the storefronts. There are also a
number of plans that combine cast ironwork with stone footings, all of these being on the west side of
Central, between 16t~ and 18t~ streets.
There are a number of gaps in the district but most of these represent historic voids, or spaces
where late-surviving frame houses or storefronts were finally lost. Despite some m~nor Iosses. the
district retains a strong sense of time and place. The buildings are uniformly early in their construction
dates and very few have replacement facades, unlike the buildings in Old Main Historic District to the
south.
Property Architectural and Historical Notes:
1460-64 Central Avenue, Chas. Bittman Block. 1869
This is a tdple-storefront, three-story two-part brick commercial block There are two smaller
storefronts on the south end of the front, with a broader one to the north of an Off-center upstairs
entrance. The fa(lade is a plain one with straight cut and unelaborated window caps. The metal
cornice is denticulated and projects from the parapet front base. The storefront is protected by a
straight-cut metal canopy and the transoms are covered with metal. The 1884 Sanborn locates a
jeweler, sewing machine dealer and grocery warehouse in the stores from south to north. As of 1883
R. Kirmse, jeweler (1486), and New Home Sewing Machines (1486) are in the 1883 directory. In 1883
grocers Bittman & Schroeder were at 1464 Central, and the same partners, then operating a flour an(~
feed store, were at that address in 1870-5. C. W. Bittman, grocer, is listed in 1865 on Central between
14~ and 15th streets. This appears to be one of the earliest and more substantial commercial blocks to
be built on this end of Central. Charles Bittman built a double storefront, two stories high, 31x40,
costing $5,000, in 1869 on Central between 14~ & 15th streets (Herald, December 16. 1869). The
building was then enlarged with an additional story at some date between 1884 and 1891 (Sanborn
Maps). Richard Kirmse ran a jewelry store in 1464 as of 1890. Henry Blankenburg ran a grocery at
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 2
Site Number
Related Distdct Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15t~ to 18th streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
1476 in 1890, possibly this address. The 1872 lithograph does not clearly show the building. The 1889
lithograph (see below) shows the building with a side gable roof form. This is a contributing property,
three storefronts.
1476/86 Central Avenue, pre-1875
This bdck, two-stow two-part commercial block pre-dates 1884. It is a shorter plan, originally
with back porches and stairway. There was a single-stow rear extension present by 1891, running
beneath the porch. The 1884 Sanborn Map places a boots and shoes firm here and Conrad Voss is
addressed as 1486 with such a firm as of 1875-1883 (there appears to be address confusion with the
larger block to the south). The side-gable roof form indicates an early construction date. The 1889
lithograph (see below) appears to show the building, as does the 1872 lithograph. This is a contributing
property.
1487 Central Avenue, Thomas Kelly Building, 31-01054-55, 1888
This is a two-part commercial block, two stories high. This building has houses undertakers for
most of its history. S. Korrmann was at 1475 Central as of 1880, as were Korrmann & Voelker in 1883.
John Voelker, undertaker was at 1487 Central by 1891. Thomas Kelly built 1487 Central, a two-story
brick store and dwelling, for $2,430 in 1887 (Herald, January 1, 1887). The 1889 lithograph (see
below) shows the building. This is a contributing property.
1496 Central Avenue, R. W. Lacy Block, 1870, 1896
This is a three-stow brick two-part commercial block. It had its origin as a two-stow corner brick
storefront that pre-dated 1884 (toy shop, Sanborn Map). The building was extended south and
enlarged to a double storefront. The cut in the brickwork addition is apparent on the fa(;ade. The
building has plain straight stone lintels and sills, a cast iron storefront, and a simple denticulated brick
cornice. Joseph Berenger had a saloon on this corner as of 1870. S. MueIler had a notions shop here
in 1875 at 1496 Central Avenue. H.J. Kiebel had the same type of store in 1880. Joseph Kiebel had a
books and stationery store here in 1883. Fred Weidlich ran a saloon, likely at this location in 1890.
This might be a building that Judge R. W. Lacy raised up in 1896. He "demolished an old landmark
near the corner of 15th and Central" and built stores and flats which adjoined his corner property. The
cost was $6,000 (Herald, May 24, 1896). See the 1889 lithograph, which shows a side-gable three
stoW building on this corner, with an ell rear wing across the south half (see below). This is a
contributing property.
1497 Central Avenue, post-1884, pre-1891
This is a three-part commercial block, three stories high. It too housed undertakers and its
builder was likely M. M. Hoffmann, whose name appears on the 1891 Sanborn Map. Hoffman
remained here through 1934! This is a contributing property.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa Site Number
Related District Number
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 3
Central Avenue Historic Distdct
Dubuque
Name of Property th th
Central Avenue, 15 to 18 streets
Address
County
Dubuque
City
28-30 East 15th Street, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This is a two-stow bdck side-gabled duplex. It is included to round out the district boundary and
it is a contributing property.
27 East 15th Street, post-1936/pre-1962.
This is a single stow concrete block/tile storefront. It consists of two parts, a west end narrow
storefront and a larger eastern unit, likely a warehouse/garage. It is occupied by Koehler Auction and is
deemed to be non-contributing to the district given its modern appearance.
25-27 West 15th Street, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This is a two-story brick duplex with raised stone foundation, matching outside three-sided full
height front bays and a Classical Revival style cornice front. Stone lintels are broad but plain cut, and
the stone sills are thin and plain. There is a stone water table. The building is contributing to the
distdct and is included to round off the district boundaries. The porch foundation is of later date, but the
angled stair approach is novel and original. This is a contributing property and includes two storefronts.
1500 Central Avenue, pre-1866.
This is the south half of a double storefront, a stuccoed side gable two-part commercial type
plan. This was a saloon as of 1884. A two-stow rear addition was present by 1891. The building was
still a saloon as of 1909/36. Peter Lehmes ran a saloon at this location as of 1870. R. Lorenz,
confectionery, might have been here as of 1883. This building appears on the 1866 color lithograph
(see below). The building also appears on the 1872 lithograph. This is a contributing property.
1501-15 Central Avenue, 31-01056, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This is a two-part commercial block, three stories high with a double storefront. The building
occupies a prominent northwest corner and features a rounded corner turret and a two-story bay
window. The street address 1501 (or 1509) doesn't appear in city directories until c. 1909 at which time
Beck's Drugs occupied the corner storefront (it remained there through 1952). This is a contributing
property and includes two storefronts.
1504 Central Avenue, pre-1884
This is the north half of a double storefront, a stuccoed side gable two-part commercial type
plan. This is a shorter plan than 1500 to the south. Henry Hoffman ran a saloon at 1504 in 1880-83.
Katie Heinz ran a millinery at 1508 in 1890. This is a contributing proper~y.
1516/20 Central Avenue, post-1936
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 4
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property th
Central Avenue, 15 to 18th streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
City
This is a single stow brick storefront. A chalet roof obscures the pediment and the storefront is
covered with permastone. It is of recent date and requires additional investigation. It is a one-part
commercial type plan. This is a non-contributing property.
1524 Central Avenue, pre-1884
This is an early stuccoed two-stow side-gable two part commercial type plan. It pre-dates 1884
(saloon) and there is a one-stow rear addition. A two-door concrete block garage is behind that
addition but does not extend to the alley. John Dedrick ran a saloon on Central between 15,n and 16th
as of 1870. Peter Hilkin's saloon was at this address as of 1880-83. M. Michaels sold sewing
machines here in 1890. This is a contributing property.
1527 Central Avenue. 1887 (date on cornice)
This is the southern half of a two-part commercial block, three stories high, that first appears on
the 1891 Sanborn Map as a doubIe front with a rear porch system Despite its modern storefront, this
is a well preserved and massive business block. While the fa~;ade lacks the bay or pavilion/pilaster
features found on comparable blocks, this exam pie features an excellent semi-circular centered
pediment and a metal cornice. The windows have combination spdng stone and bdck arches. This is a
key building within the district. The building was likely built by L. Zust & Sons Meat Pakers. the first
tenants listed in the entire building as of 1891. Humkes Sanitary Bakery occupied 1527 Central 1925-
52, having previously been located at 1538 Central (1913-18). This is a contributing property.
1533 Central Avenue 1887 (date on cornice)
This is the northern half of a two-part commercial block, three stories high, that first appears on
the 1891 Sanborn Map as a double front with a rear porch system. The building was likely built by L.
Zust & Sons Meat Pakers, the first tenants listed in the entire building as of 1891 and it appears on the
1889 lithograph (see below). Neumeister's Meat Market was in 1533 as of 1909. followed by the VVhite
Market (1913), and Reavell's Meat Market (1921-34). Trieweiler's Meat Market was there in 1952.
This is a contributing property.
1534 Central Avenue, pre-1884?
This is a two-stow frame commercial false front two part commercial type with a half-flounder
shed roof type. The south wall is exposed, has a stairway and porch and there is a single story rear
addition which runs halfway to the alley. It is possible that the two-stow frame news depot (A. Wirback,
books/stationery, 1870, P. Meyer. boots & shoes. 1875, August Wirzbach books/stationery, 1880. and
John W. Schuller. tailor. 1890) shown on the 1884 Sanborn is the core of this building. This is a
contributing property.
1538 Central Avenue 31-01058. pre-1884
This two-stow bdck two-part commercial type plan has a prominent projecting metal cornice,
elaborate stone window lintels, and an I-beam support above the storefronts. Originally a single
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory FOrm
Continuation Sheet
Page 5
Site Number
Related Distdct Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property th th
CentralAvenue, 15 to18 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
storefront, it was divided into two small storefronts between 1936 and 1962. The 1884 Sanborn Map
depicts an unusual north side full-length hallway, perhaps a pass-through alley, and a rear porch and
stair system. Today there is a single story concrete block garage behind the store, but it reaches just
halfway to the alley. Hats, caps and notions were sold here in 1884. John Breithaupt, barber, first
appears at this address, in 1890. This is a contributing property.
1540 Central Avenue, pre-1884, 1884-91
This is the south half of a double block, a brick three-story two-part commercial type plan. A
third floor was added by 1891. The 1884 Sanborn map locates saloons in both halves, the plan being
fairly short with full-height rear porches and stairs. The same arrangement was present in 1891, the
stairs are shown as two stories high, the building three. This half has partial width rear additions
present along the south boundary line by 1909/36 and these remain. There is a metal cornice, and fiat
plain stone lintels and sills on the upper windows. P. Hilkins' saloon is addressed as 1524 Central as of
1883 but is likely this location. Dave Fleutsch ran a meat market at 1540 in 1890. This is a contributing
property.
1542 Central Avenue, pre-1884
This is the north half of a double block, a brick three-story two-part commercial type plan. A
third floor was added by 1891. The 1884 Sanborn map locates saloons in both halves, the plan being
fairly short with full-height rear porches and stairs. The same arrangement was present in 1891, the
stairs are shown as two stodes high, the building three. This half has partial width rear additions set
flush with the north boundary line and these remain, including a concrete block garage. There is a
metal cornice, and fiat plain stone lintels and sills on the upper windows. Saloon keeper John Pulmaier
was here as of 1883. He remained here as of 1890. C. W. Hawkins had a confectionery at this
address in 1875. This is a contributing property.
1543 Central Avenue, 31-01059, H. Richter Block, c.1899
This is a re-fronting of a pre-1884 two-story brick residence. The house plan featured a back
stairway and a north-facing second floor porch on the back of the north sidewall. The enlarged plan
then featured a rooftop porch or frame penthouse. John Drehouse, carpentedbuilding (1883) safe
agent (1890), was at this address as of 1883-90. Emma Richter operated a millinery from this address
as of 1899 and that probably closely dates the storefront. Richter remained through 1925, being
accompanied b'y several soft ddnk dealers (John Gronana as of 1921, Frank Buffinton in 1925. J.J.
Eisback, sheet metal worker, lived here in 1934 and Matilda M. Dell did the same in 1952. The
storefront is an elaborate and well-preserved one and this is a key building within the district. There is
a fine projecting metal cornice with a pediment ("H. Richter"), a three-corner second story bay. There is
a singular carved stone beltcourse, an elaborately carved second floor window arch with a shield
keystone. There are stone bases on the sidewall pilasters. There is an exposed I-beam support above
the storefronts. There are rosettes on the beam and these match rosettes on the cornice. This is a
contributing property.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 6
Site Number
Related Distdct N umber
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property h
Central Avenue, 15t to 18t~ streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
1555 Central Avenue, John Drehouse Building, 1887.
This two-story narrow plan replaced a single-stoW frame carpenter's shop post-1884. The
presence of a gap between it and the house/store to the south allowed for a south-facing upper level
side porch, along with front and rear exterior stairways. There is a single-stow rear addition that runs to
the alley. The 1891 Sanborn locates a house mover at this address. John Drehouse built a two-story
brick shop, 1557 Central, in 1886, valued at $2,430 (Herald, January 1, 1887). This is a contributing
property.
1564 Central Avenue, 31-01060, c.1875.
This is an elaborate, early brick two-story two-part commercial type plan. It pre-dates 1884, at
which time it housed a boots and shoes shop. At that time there were no buildings located immediately
north. This is a shorter plan with full-height rear porches and stairs. There is a partial width concrete
block garage across the north part of the back lot. Peter Meyer had a boots and shoes shop here as of
1890-99. Adam Geisler, furniture dealer, was here 1880. In 1875 he was manufacturing furniture at
1540 Central. He is a probable builder. Peter Meyer remained until 1921 and was succeeded by
Joseph Meyer by 1925. The Royal Caf8 was at 1564 in 1948, as was Johnnies Caf~ in 1952. This is a
contributing property.
1563/65 Central Avenue, pre-1880
This two-stow brick block pm-dates 1884, at which time it was a saloon. There was a rear
porch across the'second floor. Jacob Botzet operated a saloon at this address as of 1880. J.C.
Connell had a billiards hall here three years later. B. Kohaus, book dealer and stationer was here in
1890. This is a contributing property and includes two storefronts.
1570-72-94-96-98 Central Avenue, J. Simones Block, 1884, 31-01061
This is a splendid three-story brick block, with four storefronts. It was deemed to be individually
eligibIe for the National Register as a part of the Phase III survey and it is a key building within the
district. It is a two-part commercial type plan. It features an elaborate pressed metal cornice that is
gabled at each corner and features a triangular central pediment on the west and north fronts, both of
which are dated "1884." There is a two-story square cut centered bay. The storefront with c. 1920s
prism glass transoms is intact. There is a metal stairway and porch on the north sidewall. The
windows have cast stone lintels and plain lintels. Joseph Petsche ran a notions store on the corner in
1875 and Henry Tmpf ran a saloon there in 1880. Nicholas Wulpi, photographer was at 1570 Central
as of 1880-83. Joseph Simones & Company Department Store was here as of 1890. William
Olanosky's Department Store was here 1913-34 (full building). Zehenter's Sporting Goods Co. was
hem in 1952 (1572-4). 1594 houses apartments, Huekels Millinery (1913-21), and 1598 housed
Simones Department Store (Alex P. Simones) 1909-1918, and Correll & Weber Furniture 1921-52. J.
Simones built a four-store block, valued at $16,000 in 1884 (Herald, December 12, 1884). This building
appears on the 1887 photo shown in Section 8, below. The 1889 lithograph (see below) locates the
Simones firm at this location. This is a contributing property and includes four storefronts.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 7
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15th to 18th streets
Address
Count
Dubuque
Ci~
1585 Central Avenue, 1909-36
This is the southern half of a double storefront. This is a single-stow tile storefront, a one-part
commercial block type plan. When first built it had two small storefronts. A rear addition ran back
nearly to the alley. A wallpaper and paint store was here as of the 1930s and 1962. This is a
contributing property.
1587 Central Avenue, 1909/36-62
This is the northern half of a double storefront. This is a single stow, one-part commercial block
type plan. The plan is a short one. It was a photo studio with a rear north-side skylight or window as of
1909/36. This is a contributing property.
1599 Central Avenue, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This single-story brick storefront has a broad plan and is a one-part commercial block type plan.
It was built as a photo studio and had a north-facing skylight on 16th Street. There is a single-stow
garage on the alley. There is a raised pediment along the north side wall. No tenant ir~formation has
been found for this address. This is a contributing property.
40 East 16th Street, pre-1884.
This is an earlier two-stow brick duplex, side gable in plan with a unified centered entryway and
short porch. 71~e building is set close to the rear porch system of the commercial block to the west and
· it physically connects with a curtain wall on the ground level. There is a single stow brick wing set
immediately behind (south) of this house, it has an L-plan and there is a carport in the void. This is a
contributing property.
1600/02 Central Avenue. 31-01062. post-1884, pre-1887.
This is a brick, two-story two-part commercial type plan· Metal slipcovers obscure the transom
and parapet fronts but the exposed sidewall indicates that very exceptional and elaborate brick and
stone trim work is found beneath it. This is a single storefront. There is a south side metal exterior fire
escape. Sanborn Maps show a completely vacant corner as of 1884 (post-fire?) and this building,
extending nearly to the alley, was present as of 1891. The 1962 map locates a hall on the second floor·
1890 potential tenants include Albert Buol, confectionary, or J. G. Moser. fruit merchant. The brickwork
on 1618 Central appears to match this building, and the former was built in 1887. This is the probable
date for this one as well. This building appears on the 1887 photo shown in Section 8 below as well as
the 1889 lithograph (also see below). This is a contributing property.
1603 Central Avenue, Ferring & Schroeder Block, 31-01063. c. 1870.
This is an early and well-preserved two-story brick block, a two-part commercial block type
design. An ornate semi-circular pediment and rounded end finials are the outstanding features of the
parapet front. The storefront is obscured but is likely well preserved. Round columns are visible.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
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Continuation Sheet
Site Number
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Pape 8
Central Avenue Historic District Dubuque
Name of Property th County
CentralAvenue, 15 to 18th streets Dubuque
Address
city
There is a south side metal fire escape. Ferdng & Schroeder, flour and feed, were on this corner as of
1870. Nicholas Schroeder, grocer, was here in 1875-1880 (grocery on the north side, notions on the
south). J. P. Schroeder & Co., flour/feed and grocer, was here in 1883 (confirmed by the 1884 Sanborn
Map, which shows two storefronts, grocery on the corner, and a rear-two story warehouse extension to
the alley). A. M. Bucholz & Son, grocers, were here in 1890. The building also appears on the 1872
lithograph. This is a contributing property.
1618/20 Central Avenue, 31-01064, R. H. Heller Cigar Manufacturer, 1887.
This is a brick three-stow two-part commercial type plan. Its elaborate combinations of
decorative brick and stonework is apparently identical to the building to the immediate south. This
building was built in 1887 as a combination dwelling and store, costing $3,500 (Herald, November 24,
1887). There is an eady single-story rear concrete block addition that runs to the alley. Heller.
manufacturer of cigars, was here in 1891-1909, followed by Linehan & Hellar 1913-18 Christopher P.
Linehan had a billiard parlor here in 1918-25. The Palace Tavern was here in 1934. followed by
Mengis & Shannon tavern 1948-52. This building appears on the 1887 photo shown in Section 8,
below and also on the 1889 lithograph (also see below). This is a contributing property and includes
two storefronts.
1626-30 Central Avenue, 31-01065, ;)ost-1885, pre-1887.
This is a two-stow brick double storefront, a two-part commercial type plan. There is an
elaborate denticulated metal cornice, carved or cast stone lintels, plain stone sills, and a solid stone
lintel set atop a cast iron storefront. The stone lintel usually identifies an early building but this one
occupied a lot that was vacant as of 1884. The marks of a two-story dwelling remain 2n the north wall
There is a partial rear wing on the north side of the plan. As of 1891. M. Lorenz had a millinery in 1626.
and G. A. Hoerner, glassware, was at 1630. William R. Polymeyer, milliner, was in 1626 in 1899-1925.
Jacob Hacksema, grocer, was also addressed as 1626 but likely was in the north half. 1909-21 The
Fancy Fruit Store (1925), Gussie's Candy Shop (1948) and Helen Cahill's Candy Shop (1952) followed.
This building appears on the 1887 photo shown in Section 8. below. This is a contributing property and
includes two storefronts
1627 Central Avenue. 31-01066, pre-1884.
This is a very well preserved two-story brick side gable residence, a survivor from the street's
residential past. The facade has rounded stone lintels and an original double door side entry.
Residents included Anna Ferring (1899), Nicholas Gindorff (1909-13), Joseph White (1918), Joseph
Pins (1921), Joseph Abeln (1925), L. L. Robinson (1934), Clarence Pregler (1948), Floyd Kurz (1952).
This is a contributing property.
1633 Central Avenue. post-1891 pre-1909.
This three-stow brick building is a two-part commercial block type design. There is a cast iron
front and a front fire escape There is a full-height rear porch system and two and one-story rear
additions which carry the plan to the alley. The 1909/36 Sanborn Map locates a tin shop here. Peter
iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 9
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15th to 18t~ streets
Coun~
Dubuque
Address Ci~
Lang Hardware was here (1643/33) in 1899-25, followed by Enterprise Printing Co. 1948-52. This is a
contributing property.
1638 Central Avenue, 31-01067, c.1891, post-1962
A two-story dwelling was on this property in 1884 and its south sidewall imprint remains visible
on the north side wall of 1626 Central. This building was extended forward as a store by 1909/36. The
present single story brick building with a cast iron storefront is the lower story of this earlier building. It
is non-contributing to the district. Mary Sohn, midwife was at this address as of 1891.
1643-45 Central Avenue, pre-1866.
This is a double storefront, three-stow brick block, a two-part commercial type design. The
storefront is capped with an exposed I-beam with decorative rosettes. The iron work is based on stone
footings or steps. The parapet has been lost. The 1884 Sanborn Map shows a grocery in the north
half and a dry goods store on the south half. A bakery is shown in 1891, 1909. A single stow garage,
on the alley, housed a general store as of 1962. C. Jungk had a grocery at 1643 in 1883. F.J.
Zugenbuehler, confectioner, was there in 1890. There is no 1880 entry for this address. Robert Jungk,
plumber, was at 1633/43 in 1899 through 1925. Krug Tire Service was there in 1934, as was Clarence
Splinter's used furniture shop in 1948. Frank Carter had the same business in 1952. This building
appears on the 1866 color lithograph (see below) and it is surely the first major commercial building
built on this part of Central. The building also appears on the 1872 lithograph. This is a contributing
property and includes two storefronts.
1672 Central Avenue, Frank Lenz Marble Works, 31-01068, c.1880
This is a two-story brick, side gable two-part commercial type plan. It retains a very early
storefront and round cast iron columns and the storefront lintel is of solid limestone, usually an indicator
of a very early (post-Civil War) construction date. Frank Lenz, marble dealer, first appears across the
street, opposite this address in directories in 1875 (as 1655 Central). The Sanborn Map of 1884 places
that type of firm here. At that time the building had a single-story rear porch and there was an octagon
frame dwelling on the alley at the back of the lot. The same buildings, along with additional rear sheds
along the north property line, are shown in 1891. The 1909/36 map shows a rectangular monument
shop in place of the octagon, as does the 1962 map. There is a vaulted roof shop on that site, on a
new concrete foundation that is likely the same shop. The other sheds are gone, having been replaced
with a raised concrete storage deck. A monument shop is indicated on the 1891-1962 maps. A patch
on the front roof might mark the site of either a dormer or skylight. The upper windows have rounded
stone lintels and straight sills. Fred Kinniker, marble dealer, was here in 1880, but F. Lenz was back as
of 1883-92, being addressed as 1692 Central. The firm remains in operation today. Mary Enzler ran a
grocery along with the firm in 1913. John W. Frohs had a barber shop here in 1925-52. This is a
contributing property and includes two buildings, assuming the rear shed is a historical building.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 10
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15m to 18tn streets
County
Dubuque
Address
city
1676/80 Central Avenue. post-1909/36
This is a single story brick one-part commercial block. It replaced a shorter frame storefrent
also of one stow. A rear tile garage extends to the alley. E. Benites, carpet weaver, was at the older
building as of 1883 (1678). The White. a sewing machine store, was here in 1890. This is a
contributing proper~y.
1685 Central Avenue. recent.
This is a non-contributing single-stow commercial properly. The 1962 Sanborn Map shows this
property to be vacant, a part of an auto repair business. The 1909/36 map similarly shows a vacant lot.
Earlier maps show a frame photo studio on the corner, and two dwellings to the south.
1690 Central Avenue, 1867. 1869.
This is a two-stow frame storefront, a two-part commercial block, with a commercial false front.
It is a double storefront that pre-dates 1884. and as such is a vew early frame commercial building.
The upper level is covered with metal siding and cannot be evaluated. The storefrents are
replacements and evidence no historical materials. The 1884 Sanborn map shows the south half as a
saloon, the north as a dwelling. Anton Stines had a boots and shoes store on Central at 17t~ in 1870,
and a dw goods store at 1688 Central as of 1875. Stines built a two-stow brick store with a wood front
(30x40) for use as a clothing and dw goods store, with a residence on the upper floor, in 1867 (Herald,
September 5, 1867). A year later he built a $1.200 store addition (Times, Januaw 1, 1869). Joseph
Reinfreid had a grocew at 1696 Central likely in the building to the north, in 1880. J. Desotelle had a
billiards pador at 1688 Central in 1883. Maw Engler had a confectionery shop at 1688 in 1890,
although her listing would have been south of the marble shop that was listed as 1692. Corner listings
included B. Westercamp, saloonkeeper, in 1890. This is a contributing property.
1696 Central Avenue, Joseph Reinfreid Grocew, 31-01069, c. 1880
This three-story scoured stucco two-part commemial plan has straight stone lintels and sills and
star bolts on its south wall. There is no storefront. The building was present as of 1884 and had a
cupola centered on its rooftop (see 1889 lithograph which depicts same). It's held a grecew and there
was a two-stoW rear addition at that time. By 1891 there was a stairway and balcony on the north side.
The marks remain on [he e~erior wall. The rear addition held a saloon. Today there is a frame garage
at the back of the property. Joseph Reinfreid had a grecew at 1696 as of 1880, the first year this
address appeared (in sampled directories). He had moved to 1904 Central by 1883. B. Westercamp,
saloonkeeper, was on this corner in 1890 and he appears to fit with the Sanborn indication of a saloon
at this location. This is a contributing property.
1702-22 Central Avenue, 31-0107 (1700), 31-01070 (1704), 31-01070 (1706-22), c.1899
This key corner building is three stories, of brick construction, and is a two-part commercial type
design. The plan measures 65x64 with a 26x30 rear wing on the north half of the plan. Floor level
elevations measure eight feet (basement), 14 feet (first floor), and 10 feet each on the upper floors. It
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 11
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property th
Central Avenue, 15th to 18 streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
City
was deemed to be individually National Register eligible by the Phase III survey. There is' a square-cut
corner tower with hip steeple roof. There is a large stone entryway with flanking twin stone columns.
The cast iron work is uniquely ornamented'with Corinthian capitals, rosettes, hinge-like ornaments,
raised scrollwork and a very unusual patterning using recessed square holes. The brickwork on the
pediment and tower is exceptionally fine and ornamental. Stone capitals served as bases for the tower
corner and cap. Very unusual elongated straight stone lintels are continued across separated window
sets on the second floor. The parapet front is highly ornamented with terra cotta bands and corbelled
brickwork. There is a two-story rear wing that has a raised entrance on 17th Street. It has the same
bdck and stone decorative pattern as well as twin parapet level gable roof dormers. The whole forms
an "L' and there is a full-height wrap around rear porch behind the building. The south sidewall has a
raised stone foundation with stone water table. The builder and building date have yet to be found.
1722 housed the Pure Food Bakery (1899), Felix Orsinger (1913), Mary Krauer's grocery (1918),
McAIoon & Jaeggi Grocery (1921), Albert Nuerhring, grocer (1925), Charles Gross Meats (1934),
Eisbach Co. Sheet Metal Works (1948-the 1962 Sanborn shows sheet metal works on third floor, this
address). A number of possibly professional offices are listed at 1706-10, and John Ludwig was in
1710 1913-52. The 1909/36 Sanborn shows a sausage factory on the third floor (1722). This is a
contributing property and includes four storefronts.
1701 Central Avenue, Adam Vogel Building, 31-01071, 1872, pre-1887.
Adam Vogel built a two-story brick store (42x28) at 17m and Central in 1873, the 1870 directory
places him on Central between 17th and 18th, and 1875 directory lists same, boots & shoes, at 1703
(Herald, November 11, 1873). The two-story original store appears on the 1884 Sanborn Map and a
boots and shoes store is noted. Vogel is also listed in 1880 (1703) and 1883. A. Vogel & Son, shoes,'
were there in 1890 (705). This is a two-part commercial type design. The side windows have semi-
circular brick arches, the facade has straight stone lintels. There is a metal cornice and a stone
beltcourse across the third floor lintel level. There is a south side external fire escape. The third floor
was present by 1887. The rear porch system is new, constructed out of pressure-treated lumber. This
building appears on the 1887 photo shown in Section 8, below. The 1889 lithograph (see below) shows
a two-story plan with a mansard roof on this building, and the 1887 photograph appears to also show
the upper roof as a mansard form. The building also appears on the 1872 lithograph. This is a
contributing property.
1713-15 Central Avenue, G. F. Thormsen Block (?), 31-01072, c.1888.
This is a two-part commercial block, three stories high, and the plan measures 37x51. Floor
level elevations measure seven feet (basement), 12 feet (first floor), and 10 feet each on the upper
floors. The two storefronts are of different depths, the southern one being shorter. This design closely
resembles 1732-36 in that it features a central bay that covers the fronts of the upper floors and that
carries the parapet front forward. This is a narrower bay in section however. Heavy stone lintels
surmount window bands on the second floor on either side of the bay. On the third floor, huge stone
lintels with rounded undersides are set above twin window sets in the same manner. The metal
parapet front is quite elaborate. This is one of a number of major buildings on this block that have cast
iron storefronts (National Iron Works) set on stone steps or footings. The columns on this building are
identical to those to the north on the Muntz Block, but the rosettes are different. There is a rear porch
Iowa Department Of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page12
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property th
Central Avenue, 15 to 18th streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
C~ty
system on 1713 as well as a single stoW rear addition. The lack of directory listings for 1890 and 1899
imply a post-1899, pre-1909 building date. The present fa~;ade likely dates to 1888 given the matching
ironwork and the connection with the Nesler Building. The Novelty Candy Company was here as of
1918. B Lenevenson, confectionery was in 1715 in 1921. The Ben Ton Bakery was in 1715 as of
1952. G. F. Thermsen built a three-story brick building for $10,000 at 18th and Central in 1888 (Herald,
December 23, 1888). This might be the building, the other candidate being the Rafcth Block on the
north end of the opposite block. The 1887 photo (see below) appears to show a two-story building on
this site, south ofthe German Methodist Church. This is a contributing property and consists of two
workshops.
1732-36 Central Avenue, Fred A. Nesler Block, 31-01073, 1892
This is a two-part commercial block, three stories high, and the plan measures 37x64. There is
a three-story rear porch system on the plan. The special feature of this building is a unique two-story
pavilion/bay that covers most of the upper two floors. The parapet steps out as well and bears the
name and date of the building. The storefront and side wails of the fa~;ade have been covered with
metal but this is still an exceptional commercial building. Jeweler Fred Nesler had his store on the
corner of 17'" and Central as of 1890. No 1899 listing was found Dubuque Mercantile Company was
n 1734 as of 1909. H. J. Deggendorf. electrical contractor followed by 1913. Schmid-Lowe Electric
Company was there in 1918. United Electric Company and four apartments in 1921. H. C. Nesler
Shoes was in 1736 in 1925. followed by Scherrer Beer (1934) and Fred Nesler's radio repair in 1948.
This is a contributing proper~y and includes two storefronts.
1735-37 Central Avenue, Edward Muntz Block, 31-01075, 1888.
This is the south half of the Muntz Block. This is a two-part commercial block, three stories
high and the plan measures 38x46. Floor level elevations measure seven feet (basement), 12 feet
(first floor), and 12 feet each on the upper floors. The Assessor dates this building to 1888. Edward
Muntz built four three-story brick stores at 1739-49 Central, $13-18.000 (Herald. April 22, December 23.
1888). Louis Henny had a saloon at 1735 as of 1890. Muntz's Blue Store occupied 1735-63 as of
1899. Enterprise Printing was in 1737 1921-34 This is a contributing property and includes two
storefronts.
1739-49 Central Avenue. Edward Muntz Block. 1888.
This is the north half of the Muntz Block. This is a two-part commercial block, four stories high,
and the plan measures 37x46. Floor level elevations measure seven feet (basement), and 12 feet on
the first and other floors. The rear porches were removed in 1996 and the upper three floors are
unheated and vacant. The Assessor dates this building to 1888. E. Muntz built four three-stow bdck
stores at 1739-49 Central. $13-18.000 [Herald. April 22. December 23, 1888). Muntz. a commercial
merchant, occupied 1741 in 1890. Muntz's Blue Store occupied 1735-63 as of 1899. The Emerson
Company was in 1739 as of 1925. The Muntz block contains four storefronts which are defined by
brick pilasters. A broad semi-circular pediment proclaims the block name and building year. The
brickwork on the fa~;ade is highly ornamental and the parapet front is corbelled. The cast iron
storefronts remain intact and are placed on stone steps or footings. The iron columns match those on
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 13
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic Distdct
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15th to 18~ streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
the building to the south. The 1889 lithograph (see below) locates the St. Mary's Academy or Parochial
School in this building. This is a contributing property and includes two storefronts.
1763 Central Avenue, post-1891, pre-1909.
This is a two-part commemial block, four stories high, and the plan measures 23x50. Floor level
elevations measure eight feet (basement), 12 feet (first floor), and 10 feet each on the upper floors.
This is a tall, narrow plan with a three-stow bay set to the south side of the fagade. The cast iron
storefront has round columns set atop stone footings or steps. This appears to be an addition to the
Muntz Block, built by Edward Muntz. Muntz's department store was in 1763 Central as of 1909, and
the Muntz Company remained here through 1934 in some capacity. An upholsterer is indicated on the
1962 Sanborn Map. This is a contributing property.
1766 Central Avenue, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This two-stow brick two:part commercial type design retains a combination corbelled brick and
pressed metal cornice/parapet and stone lintels and sills. The storefrent is completely modern and the
windows have been replaced with casement openings. The 1884-91 Sanborn maps locate a double
residence on this site. No tenants have yet been identified. This is a non-contributing property.
1768 Central Avenue, post-1891, pre-1909/36.
This is a single-stow brick storefront, apparently built as a tin shop. This is a one-part
commercial type plan. A second stow frame level penthouse aligns with the south sidewall. There is a
two-stow rear addition that runs to the alley. No tenants have yet been identified for this address. This
is a contributing property.
1798 Central Avenue, G. F. Thorman Block, 1887
Thorman, dealer in paints and oils, built a block of brick stores at 18TM and Central in 1887. at a
cost of $5,000. The 1891 directory lists him at 1778 Central, and this is the only possible address for
him, despite the fact that these storefronts oriented north onto 18'n Street (Times, November 24, 1887).
The October 1887 photo, shown below, shows this building under construction. The base for the
rounded corner turret is apparent. The 1889 lithograph (see below) identifies this building as the
German Trust and Savings Bank. This is a contributing property.
1791 Central Avenue, 31-01076, pre-1884
The Holz Block was reported "in the hands of the lathers" in mid-1881 and directories place it on
this corner as of (Herald, June 14, 1881). There is no trace of the block on the 1884 Sanborn Map
however. It is likely that this block stood east of 1780, on the south side of 18% The Sanborn Maps
date this building to post-1891 and pre-1909/36. The rounded comer bay shows up on the latter map.
A drugstore occupied the corner storefront, on 18th Street'in both those years. This is a three-stoW
brick block with two storefronts fronting on 18t~ Street. The walls are piiastered. Terra cotta panels and
bands and art glass transoms on the second floor windows appear to date this building to post-1884.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 14
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property · t~
Central Avenue, 15 to 18 streets
Address
Dubuque
County
Dubuque
C~
The 1891 Sanborn Map shows that the east half was built after that year. The building is a two-part
commercial type design. It has lost its corner turret and storefronts, but it remains a contributing
building in the district.
This is the last surviving of five houses which lined this north end of the block as of 1884. This
one housed a carpet weaving shop at that time. There was a second row of houses northwest of this
house, on the east side of Heeb Street. none of which survive. This is a brick side gable residence.
The storefront, if present, is lost. H. Kohn and J. Thum. carpet weavers were at 1793 Central as of
1883. Thum was there as of 1880. William Pirt built a three-story brick store. 26x26 for $2.000 in 1869
(Herald. December 16. 1869) and this might be that building. It was on Central between 17~" and 18t"
streets.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Paqe 15
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property th
Central Avenue. 15 to 18th streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
8. Narrative Statement of Significance:
This three-block length of Central Avenue is both architecturally (Criterion C) and historically
significant (Criterion A) for its association with the commercial history of Dubuque. This key avenue, a
vital noAh-south thoroughfare, developed a mixed residential and commercial land use pattern by the
late 1860s. Over time this range of the street emerged as a vital and almost exclusively commercial
business area within the larger downtown. The architectural significance rests on the relatively early
age of many of the buildings, their high state of original integrity, and the fact that they comprise a
complete array of commercial buildings, from the simplest to the largest and most ornate.
Main and Central (Clay) were the principal commercial streets of Dubuque. While much of the
middle range of downtown Dubuque is lost or altered, the three blocks of Central between 15TM and 18'"
streets preserves a well-preserved range of commercial buildings. While many of the buildings housed
smaller businesses, there are also a number of substantial and significant business blocks which
housed major commercial and also industrial firms.
"City of Dubuque,' 1866 Lithograph
This eadiest view of the noah end of the downtown shows the German Theological Seminary in
the left foreground, the German Presbyterian Church, center front. St. Mary's Catholic School. middle
right. A mixture of frame storefronts and a few brick blocks are scattered along Central (then Clay).
The City Hall is visible in the extreme upper dght Jackson Park is in the right-hand foreground.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
COntinuation Sheet
Pa~e 16
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property
central Avenue, 15th to 18t~ streets
County
Dubuque
Address City
October 1887 taken by W. H. Morhiser. looking south from Seminary Hill
This excellent overview documents the appearance of many substantial commemial blocks
along Central (still Clay) as of 1887. The frame German Congregational Church is in the foreground
and the row of houses immediately south of it stood atop the bluff east of Heeb Street (to the right).
The City Hall steeple is visible at the distant upper dght hand corner.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Pa~e 17
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Dubuque
Name of Property ·
Central Avenue, 15 to 18th streets
COUR~
Dubuque
Address City
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1889, Lithograph
The lithograph detail, shown above, nicely details the district's buildings as they appeared in
1889. Key labeled buildings, from north to south, are #-40, the German Bank & Trust Building, "AB"
German Presbyterian College, "S", the German Presbyterian Church, #50, Simone's Department Store.
St. Mary Church is in the center of the image.
9. Major Bibliographical References:
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, 1884, 1891, 1909/36
Dubuque City Directories, 1859-1962
Bruce Kriviskey, Dubuque, Iowa-Architectural Survey ~978/1979, Atlas of City Wide and District
Survey Maps, Dubuque; n.p., c.1979
County Assessor's Data
"City of Dubuque," Lithograph (Davenport; Charles Vogt, 1866)
Perspective Map of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, 1889
11 Additional Documentation:
Legal Description:
Blocks 436, 439, 440, 441,442, the north two lots of 443, the north lot of 450, and 451.
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
PaGe18
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic District
Name of Property t~
Central Avenue, 15 to 18'" streets
Address
Dubuque
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Map:
District Map
Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs
State Historical Society of Iowa
Iowa Site Inventory Form
Continuation Sheet
Page 19
Site Number
Related District Number
Central Avenue Historic Distdct
Dubuque
Name of Property
Central Avenue, 15t~ to 18t~
Address
s~ee~
Coun~
Dubuque
Ci~
Photographs:
Roll 7463: November 2002
Frame:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
southeast from Central and 18th
southeast, east side Central from 18th
northeast, Central and 17th
east, Lenz Monument Co.
southeast, 1626 Central
southeast, 1618 Central
northwest, 1627 Central
southeast, 16th and Central
east, Key City Office Products
southwest, 1543 Central
southwest, 1527 Central
northwest, 15th and Central
southwest, 15t~ and Central
north, 25-27 15th Street
Roll 7465:
Frame
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2O
21
22
23
24
25
northwest, 17~h and Central
same, further west
same, from east of Central
same, rear of building east of Central, north of 17th
northeast, corner 17~ and Central
northwest, from south of 15th and Central
northeast, east side of Central, south of 15th
northeast, from 15th and Centrat
northwest, corner 15th and Central
northwest, corner 16~ and Central
northeast, same
northeast, east side of Central, south of 17th
same, north of 17th
southeast, east side of Central
southwest, 18th and Central
southwest, west side of Central, north of 17th