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Fundraising Car Washes Within the City of DubuqueMasterpiece on the Mississippi TO: The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members FROM: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager SUBJECT: Fundraising Car Washes Within the City of Dubuque DATE: May 25, 2011 Dubuque btril AN- America City 1111 f 2007 City Engineer Gus Psihoyos has submitted information regarding fundraising car washes within the City of Dubuque as it relates to stormwater management and the City's National Pollution Discharge Elimination System municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) permit. Federal regulations mandate that The City of Dubuque obtain an National Pollution Discharge Elimination System stormwater permit from the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR). The IDNR issued the City's current National Pollution Discharge Elimination System stormwater permit in November of 2009 and it will expire in November of 2014. One element of the City's permit is that the City must adopt and enforce an ordinance that prohibits anything other than stormwater from entering the City's stormwater management system. In April of 2004 the City Council passed Ordinance 29 -04 establishing the City's Illicit Discharge Ordinance. In January of 2010 and again in April of 2010 the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission submitted letters to the City Council recommending the City consider developing a policy and /or ordinance for fundraising car washes in the City. The City's National Pollution Discharge Elimination System stormwater permit does list several allowable non - stormwater discharges into the stormwater management system. These allowable discharges are listed in the City's Illicit Discharge Ordinance. Recognizing the difficulty of trying to prohibit and enforce a prohibition on residential car washing, EPA guidance documents state that communities may allow "individual residential car washes" at their discretion. Therefore, the City of Dubuque's ordinance lists "non- commercial washing of vehicles" as an allowable discharge. With the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission's recommendation in mind, Engineering staff began gathering information related to the matter of fundraising car washes. The goal remains to determine ways that the City can continue to allow fundraising car washes while at the same time adhere to local, state, and federal regulations. Engineering staff research revealed that this is an issue that communities across the country are dealing with. Because other cities in Iowa are bound by similar National Pollution Discharge Elimination System stormwater permit regulations, Engineering staff contacted the ten largest communities in Iowa. They all have similar ordinances declaring vehicle wash water to be an illicit discharge. Like the City of Dubuque, Cedar Falls, Coralville, Davenport, Iowa City, Sioux City, and Waterloo list "non- commercial car washing" as an allowable discharge. Ames and Des Moines do not make such an exception, banning all vehicle wash water. As a general rule, most stated that they do not have the time or resources to enforce the prohibition. Engineering staff also contacted the IDNR. Joe Sanfilippo, the IDNR's Manchester field office supervisor, thought it would be acceptable to allow fundraising car washes to operate as long as Best Management Practices (BMP's) were in place to help prevent illicit discharges from occurring. Joe Griffin, the Stormwater Coordinator for the IDNR, stated that although wash water is prohibited, they would consider using some controls to filter or divert water to be an acceptable practice. He also stated though that the chance of the IDNR issuing a fine for this type of activity is highly unlikely. The EPA clearly indicates on their website that it is a best management practice NOT to let them go into storm sewers. And ultimately, it would be a violation of the federal Clean Water Act to not enforce the City's ordinance. A violation of the Clean Water Act carries a $27,500 fine per violation. And a person who knowingly violates the Clean Water Act can be charged with a federal crime. Since it is the EPA who ultimately regulates the Clean Water Act, their viewpoint is paramount. Citing a study from the Center for Watershed Protection, the EPA estimates that there may be as many as 27 million residential car wash polluters each year. The EPA recommends best management practices including the following: • Using a commercial car wash that drains to the sanitary sewer; • Washing cars on gravel, grass, or other permeable surfaces; • Blocking off the storm drain during charity carwash events or using a insert to catch wash water; • Pumping soapy water from car washes into a sanitary sewer drain; • If pumping into a drain is not feasible, pumping car wash water onto grass or landscaping to provide filtration; • Using hoses with nozzles that automatically turn off when left unattended; and • Using only biodegradable soaps. Following the direction of the EPA, Engineering staff contacted local organizations and has begun working with them to site and operate fundraising car washes in such a manner so that the local organization can continue to hold the fund raiser while remaining compliant with local, state, and federal regulations. Engineering staff is looking into the establishment of car wash kits to assist fundraising events. City staff is available to answer any questions. MCVM:jh Attachment cc: Barry Lindahl, City Attorney Cindy Steinhauser, Assistant City Manager Gus Psihoyos, City Engineer Crenna Brumwell, Assistant City Attorney Todd Shoemaker, Environmental Engineer Deron Muehring, Civil Engineer II Michael C. Van Milligen Masferplece on the Mississippi TO: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager BACKGROUND DISCUSSION FROM: Gus Psihoyos, City Engineer SUBJECT: Fundraising Car Washes Within the City of Dubuque DATE: May 17, 2011 INTRODUCTION Dubuque kEttlid all - America CRy 1' I1 '' 2007 The purpose of this memo is to present information regarding fundraising car washes within the City of Dubuque as it relates to stormwater management and the City's NPDES municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) permit. Federal regulations mandate that The City of Dubuque obtain an NPDES MS4 (stormwater) permit from the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR). The IDNR issued the City's current NPDES MS4 permit in November of 2009 and it will expire in November of 2014. One element of the City's permit is that the City must adopt and enforce an ordinance that prohibits anything other than stormwater from entering the City's stormwater management system. In April of 2004 the City Council passed Ordinance 29 -04 establishing the City's Illicit Discharge Ordinance. See Title 13, Chapter 5: Illicit Connections and Discharge to Storm Sewer System. In January of 2010 and again in April of 2010 the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission (ESAC) submitted letters to the City Council recommending the City consider developing a policy and /or ordinance for fundraising car washes in the City. The City's NPDES MS4 permit does list several allowable non - stormwater discharges into the stormwater management system. These allowable discharges are listed in the City's Illicit Discharge Ordinance. Recognizing the difficulty of trying to prohibit and enforce a prohibition on residential car washing, EPA guidance documents state that individual MS4 communities may allow "individual residential car washes" at their discretion. Therefore, the City of Dubuque's ordinance lists "non- commercial washing of vehicles" as an allowable discharge. With the ESAC's recommendation in mind, Engineering staff began gathering information related to the matter of fundraising car washes. The goal remains to determine ways that the City can continue to allow fundraising car washes while at the same time adhere to local, state, and federal regulations. Engineering staff research revealed that this is an issue that communities across the country are dealing with. Attached is an article from the Associated Press from July of 2009. Per the article, "The Environmental Protection Agency, along with numerous cities and states, are however urging residents to keep soapy wash water out of storm drains and have launched public education campaigns for more fish - friendly car washing." The range of enforcement is stark; "some eco- friendly West Coast cities, such as Santa Monica, CA have fined residents $500 if vehicle wash water runoff leaves their property. But in Washington where vehicle wash water is illegal, state and local officials say "they're not going to bust scofflaws" stating that "we've got better things to do." Because other cities in Iowa are bound by similar NPDES MS4 permit regulations, Engineering staff contacted the ten largest communities in Iowa. They all have similar ordinances declaring vehicle wash water to be an illicit discharge. Like the City of Dubuque, Cedar Falls, Coralville, Davenport, Iowa City, Sioux City, and Waterloo list "non- commercial car washing" as an allowable discharge. Ames and Des Moines do not make such an exception, banning all vehicle wash water. When contacted, at least one City staff person was not aware that their own City ordinance prohibited the discharge of vehicle wash water into the storm sewer system. As a general rule, most stated that they do not have the time or resources to enforce the prohibition. Engineering staff also contacted the IDNR. Joe Sanfilippo, the IDNR's Manchester field office supervisor, thought it would be acceptable to allow fundraising car washes to operate as long as Best Management Practices (BMP's) were in place to help prevent illicit discharges from occurring. Joe Griffin, the Stormwater Coordinator for the IDNR, stated that although wash water is prohibited, they would consider using some controls to filter or divert water to be an acceptable practice. He also stated though that the chance of the IDNR issuing a fine for this type of activity is highly unlikely. According to City Attorney Barry Lindahl, fundraising car washes are much closer to commercial car washes in terms of the amount of polluted water that they would generate and discharge into the stormwater management system. This is consistent with information presented by the EPA on their website which clearly indicates that it is a best management practice NOT to let them go into storm sewers. And ultimately, it would be a violation of the federal Clean Water Act (CWA) to not enforce the City's ordinance. A violation of the CWA carries a $27,500 fine per violation. And a person who knowingly violates the CWA can be charged with a federal crime. Since it is the EPA who ultimately regulates the CWA, their viewpoint is paramount. Attached is a fact sheet from the EPA on residential car washing. Citing a study from the Center for Watershed Protection, the EPA estimates that there may be as many as 27 million residential car wash polluters each year. The EPA recommends best management practices including the following: - Using a commercial car wash that drains to the sanitary sewer; - Washing cars on gravel, grass, or other permeable surfaces; - Blocking off the storm drain during charity carwash events or using a insert to catch wash water; - Pumping soapy water from car washes into a sanitary sewer drain; - If pumping into a drain is not feasible, pumping car wash water onto grass or landscaping to provide filtration; - Using hoses with nozzles that automatically turn off when left unattended; and - Using only biodegradable soaps. Following the direction of the EPA, Engineering staff contacted local organizations and has begun working with them to site and operate fundraising car washes in such a manner so that the local organization can continue to hold the fund raiser while remaining compliant with local, state, and federal regulations. Engineering staff is looking into the establishment of car wash kits such as the one outlined in the attachment from the City of Federal Way, WA Public Works Department. Engineering staff presented its findings to the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission at their May 3, 2011 meeting and will be continuing the discussion at upcoming meetings. Prepared by Deron Muehring cc: Barry Lindahl, City Attorney Crenna Brumwell, Assistant City Attorney Todd Shoemaker, Environmental Engineer Deron Muehring, Civil Engineer Attachs. April 6, 2010 Honorable Mayor Roy Buol and City Council Members City Hall 50 W. 13th Street Dubuque IA 52001 RE: Fundraising car washes and stormwater management Dear Mr. Mayor and Council Members: At the January 18, 2010 City Council meeting, the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission submitted a letter recommending the City consider developing a policy and /or ordinance for fundraising car washes in the city (see attached.) Since you received, filed and referred the matter to staff, the ESAC has had no communication on the matter. Since outdoor car wash season is approaching, we encourage the City Council and staff to act on our recommendation. Members of the Commission would be happy to work with City staff and provide input into development of such a policy /ordinance. We hope you will consider studying this issue since it does impact the City's Stormwater Management Plan and Best Management Practices. Sincerely, Wayne Klostermann, Chair Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission Don't try this at home: EPA warns against car washing Page 1 of 3 Home / News Don't try this at home: EPA warns against car washing • Story • Discussion Don't try this at home: EPA warns against car washing By Phuong Le I Associated Press pantagraph.com 1 Posted: Friday, July 10, 2009 9:35 am l (32) Comments Seattle's famous Elephant car wash is shown Wednesday, July 8, 2009, near the Space Needle in Seattle. It's one of the great American summer pastimes: Pulling the car onto the driveway on a sun - drenched Saturday afternoon, lathering it up with soap, rinsing it off and watching the sudsy water flow toward the storm drain. Now, officials in Washington and elsewhere are hoping to change that, implementing new rules to prevent runoff reaching streams and rivers and harming aquatic life. (AP Photo /Ted S. Warren) http: / /www.pantagraph.com /news /article 5963b1f8- 6d5f- 11de- a0e8- 001cc4c002e0.html 5/4/2011 Don't try this at home: EPA warns against car washing Page 2 of 3 SEATTLE -- It's one of the great American summer pastimes: Pulling the car onto the driveway on a sun- drenched Saturday afternoon, lathering it up with soap, rinsing it off and watching the sudsy water flow toward the storm drain. Now, officials in Washington and elsewhere are telling residents to either take that old ride to the car wash, or hold the soap and wash the car over gravel or grass to filter the dirty water. The officials are trying to prevent the runoff, with all of its soap, grime and metals from the car, from reaching rivers and streams and harming the fish and other aquatic life in them. "The soaps are just as toxic as some of the chemicals we regulate in the industrial (sector). They kill fish," said Sandy Howard, a Washington Department of Ecology spokeswoman. The state, however, isn't banning car washing. Instead, it is requiring cities to adopt ordinances that prohibit anything other than clean stormwater from entering drains as part of a broader stormwater permit it issues. There are no federal regulations dealing specifically with residential car washing and stormwater pollution. The Environmental Protection Agency, along with numerous cities and states, are however urging residents to keep soapy wash water out of storm drains and have launched public education campaigns for more fish - friendly car washing. Some eco- friendly West Coast cities, such as Santa Monica, Calif., have taken it a step further, fining residents $500 if runoff leaves their property. A few fines have been issued. The town of Fairfax, north of San Francisco, briefly considered banning residential car washing but many residents batted down the idea. "While we were at it, we decided not to kill Mom and apple pie," said David Weinsoff, Fairfax's mayor. "There are certain things in our community we assume that we can do. People wash their cars. They have hot dogs on July 4th." The city of Vancouver, north of Portland, Ore., is rewriting its ordinance to omit car wash water as an allowable stormwater discharge to comply with state rules. But the city won't be issuing tickets, public works director Brian Carlson said. "We've got better things to be doing," he said. In Washington, state and local officials say they're not going to bust scofflaws either. "Are we going to have car wash police out there? No," said Doug Navetski, with the water quality division of King County, which includes Seattle. "We'll do public education." http: / /www.pantagraph.com /news /article_5963b 1 f8- 6d5f -11 de -a0e8 -001 cc4c002e0.html 5/4/2011 Don't try this at home: EPA warns against car washing Page 3 of 3 As part of their campaign, officials suggest that residents can wash their cars on gravel or grass to filter the suds, grime and metals. Better yet, they say, take it to a commercial car wash, which treats runoff. Even washing a car without soap or with biodegradable soap is a no -no if the water runs off into storm drains, because it still picks up oil, grease and metals from the vehicle's brake pads. Stormwater is the one of the biggest threat to rivers and streams in urban areas, state officials say. When it rains, tiny sources of pollution - drops of oil or antifreeze, copper shavings from car brakes and pet waste - gets swept up and washed into the rivers and streams. Soaps in particular dissolve the protective mucous layer on fish and natural oils in the gills, making fish more susceptible to diseases. "Individual actions are not only part of the problem but really the biggest problem," said Chris Wilke, pollution prevention director with Puget Soundkeeper Alliance. Shane Coakley, who owns a real estate investment firm in Federal Way, washes his truck in his driveway but takes his Bentley convertible to a commercial car wash twice a week. He said he'd reconsider washing both vehicles at a car wash if it means keeping local waters clean. "If everybody does their little part, it adds up," he said. l:opyught 2011 pantagtaph corn All tights resencd "1 his material nay not be published, broadcast. rcwitten ut iedtsntbuted Posted in News, National, Local on Friday, July 10, 2009 9:35 am Updated: 11:44 pm. Share This Story Print Email ShareThis Other Stories • White House struggles to get story right on raid • Ex -aide to Blagojevich testifies about Senate seat • Bush declines Obama's ground zero invite • After the raid: Debating photos, foreign aid, more • Flood unease builds south along the Mississippi • After the raid: debating photos, foreign aid, more • AP: New job for ex -RI candidate of 'shove it' fame • DNA testing in Beaman case to go before public Sponsored Links http: / /www.pantagraph.com /news /article_5963b 1 f8 -6d5 f -11 de -a0e8 -001 cc4c002e0.html 5/4/2011 EPA - Stormwater Menu of BMPs Menu of BMPs Home BMP Background Public Education & Outreach on Stormwater Impacts Public Involvement/ Participation Illicit Discharge Detection & Elimination Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control Post - Construction Stormwater Management in New Development & Redevelopment Pollution Prevention /Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations Measurable Goals Stormwater Home U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Recent Additions I Contact Us I Print Version EPA Home > OW Home> OWM Home > NPDES Home > Stormwater > Menu of BMPs Search BMPs Residential Car Washing Implementation Search NPDES: Subcategory: Education for Homeowners Filter by Minimum Browse Search Help .zl, Measure GO Fact J Sheets Minimum Measure: Public Education and Outreach on Stormwater Impacts Page 1 of 4 Click here to comment on this fact sheet f Description This management measure involves educating the general public, businesses, and municipal fleets (public works, school buses, fire, police, and parks) on the water qualit impacts of the outdoor washing of automobiles and how to avoid allowing polluted runoff to enter the storm drain system. Outdoor car washing that uses detergent -rich water flows down the street and into the storm drain. This water may contain high amounts of nutrients, metals, and hydrocarbons. Commercial car wash facilities often recycle their water or are required to treat their wash water discharge prior to release to the sanitary sewer system, so most stormwater impacts from car washing are from residents, businesses, and charity car wash fundraisers that discharge polluted wash water to the storm drain system. According to the surveys, 55 to 70 percent of households wash their own cars, with the remainder going to a commercial car wash. Sixty percent of residents could be classified as "chronic car- washers" who wash their cars at least once a month (Smith, 1996, and Hardwick, 1997). Between 70 and 90 percent of residents reported that their car wash water drained directly to the street and, presumably, to the nearest stream. It has been estimated that 25 percent of the population of the United States may be classified as chronic car washers, which translates into about 27 million potential residential car wash polluters (Center for Watershed Protection, 1999). Applicability Car washing is a common routine for residents and a popular way for organizations such as scout troops, schools, and sports teams to raise funds. This activity is not limited by geographic region, but its impact on water quality is greatest in more urbanized areas with higher concentrations of automobiles. Currently, only a few pollution prevention programs incorporate proper car washing practices as part of an overall message to residents on ways to reduce stormwater pollution. Other programs have extended this message to include charity car washes and provide these charity groups with equipment and training to alleviate the problems associated with polluted wash water entering the storm drain system. http: // cfpub. epa. gov / npdes / stormwater /menuofbmps /index.cfm ?action= factsheet_results &vi... 5/4/2011 EPA - Stormwater Menu of BMPs Page 2 of 4 The development of a prevention program to reduce the impact of car wash runoff includes outreach on management practices to reduce discharges to storm drains. Some of these management practices include the following: • Using a commercial car wash. • Washing cars on gravel, grass, or other permeable surfaces. • Blocking off the storm drain during charity carwash events or using a insert to catch wash water. • Pumping soapy water from car washes into a sanitary sewer drain. • If pumping into a drain is not feasible, pumping car wash water onto grass or landscaping to provide filtration. • Using hoses with nozzles that automatically turn off when left unattended. • Using only biodegradable soaps. Storm drain stenciling programs (see the Storm Drain Marking fact sheet) emphasizing the connection between the storm drain system and runoff can also help reinforce the idea that car washing activities can affect local water quality. In the Pacific Northwest, outreach programs provide materials to charity carwash organizers to prevent car wash water from entering storm drains. These "water friendly "carwash kits are provided free of charge to charity organizers, along with training and educational videos on planning an environmentally friendly carwash. Two types of equipment are available for charity organizations to borrow: a catch -basin insert with a sump pump, or a vacuum /boom device known as a Bubble Buster (Kitsap County, 1999). Both devices capture wash water runoff, allowing it to be pumped to either a sanitary sewer or a vegetated area for treatment. King County, Washington's F k" oy', ",c , „ "" website provides information on how to create a car wash kit. Sonoma County, California ' *t't),, ,A, "*, has also developed suggestions for reducing the pollution from carwash fundraisers. For businesses, good housekeeping practices can minimize the risk of contamination from wash water discharges. The following are some general best management practices that those businesses with their own vehicle washing facilities can incorporate to control the water quality impacts of wash water discharges: • All vehicle washing should be done in areas designed to collect and hold the wash and rinse water or effluent generated. Wash water effluent should be recycled, collected, or treated prior to discharge to the sanitary sewer system. • Pressure cleaning and steam cleaning should be done off -site to avoid generating runoff with high pollutant concentrations. If done on -site, no pressure cleaning and steam cleaning should be done in areas designated as wellhead protection areas for public water supply. • On -site storm drain locations should be mapped to avoid discharges to the storm drain system. • Spills should be immediately contained and treated. Limitations The biggest limitation to implementing residential car wash best management practices may be the lack of knowledge regarding the impacts of polluted runoff. Many people do not associate the effects of their vehide washing activities with local water quality and may be unaware that the discharges that enter storm drains are not treated at plants before being discharged into local waters. Surveys indicate that the average citizen does not fully understand the hydrologic connection between their yard, the street, the storm sewer, and the streams. For example, a Roper survey found that just 22 percent of Americans know that stormwater runoff is the most common source of pollution of streams, rivers, and oceans (NEETF, 1999). Most car washing best management practices are inexpensive and rely more on good housekeeping practices than on expensive technology. However, the construction of a specialized area for vehicle washing can be expensive for businesses. Also, for facilities that cannot recycle their wash water, the cost of pretreating wash water, through either structural practices or planning for collection and hauling of contaminated water to sewage treatment plants, can represent a cost limitation. Effectiveness The effectiveness of car washing management practices at reducing stormwater pollutant loads has yet to be measured accurately. Due to the diffuse nature of stormwater pollution, it is often http: // cfpub. epa. gov / npdes / stormwater /menuofbmps /index.cfm ?action= factsheet results &vi... 5/4/2011 Study Car Washing Behavior Smith, 1996 Maryland 60% washed car more than once a month Pellegrin, 1998 California 73% washed their own cars 73% report that wash -water drains to pavement Hardwick, 1997 Washington 56% washed their own cars 44% used a commercial car wash 91 % report that wash -water drains to pavement 56% washed car more than once a month 50% would shift if given discounts or free commercial car washes EPA - Stormwater Menu of BMPs difficult to determine the exact impact of a particular pollution prevention measure at reducing pollutant loading. While not much is known about the water quality of car wash water, it is clear that car washing is a common watershed behavior. Three recent surveys have asked residents where and how frequently they wash their cars (Table 2). Table 2. A comparison of three surveys about car washing. Residents are typically not aware of the water quality consequences of car washing and do not understand the chemical content of the soaps and detergents they use. Car washing is a very difficult watershed behavior to change since it is often hard to define a better alternative. However, as with all pollution prevention measures, the reduction of pollutant loads from outdoor car washing activities are bound to have a positive effect on stormwater quality. Cost Considerations Page 3 of 4 Staffing and materials represent the largest expenditure for local governments seeking to administer a stormwater education program. Car wash outreach programs are relatively inexpensive to staff and often require only a limited outlay for materials (brochures, training videos, etc.), and staff time devoted specifically to car wash education can be less than 5 percent of an employee's time. For Kitsap County, Washington, the Sound Car Wash program requires roughly 10 to 15 hours a week of staff time over a 25 -week period from April to September. Cost for materials and equipment replacement is estimated to be between $1,500 and $3,000 for the same 25 -week period (Kitsap County, 1999). The Clean Bay Car Wash kits program in Tacoma, Washington, uses only the catch basin insert option and estimates that it spends no more than $2,000 per year and less than 2 weeks of staff time per year to handle requests for its program (Tacoma Stormwater Utility, 1999). The purchase of wash water containment equipment is often a one -time expense, and this equipment is often used for a number of years. Two pieces of equipment used in car wash programs developed in the Pacific Northwest provide an example of the potential equipment cost. For the catch -basin insert, the approximate cost of installation is $65. In some cases, locations where charity car washes are frequently held have constructed their own catch basin inserts using plywood. For the Bubble Buster, the cost ranges from $2,000 to $2,500. References Center for Watershed Protection. 1999. On Watershed Behavior. Watershed Protection Techniques 3(3): 671 -679. Camp Dresser & McKee et al. 1993. California Stormwater Industrial /Commercial Best Management Practice Handbook. Stormwater Quality Task Force, Sacramento, CA. City of Tacoma Stormwater Utility. 1999. Personal Communication. Tacoma, WA. Hardwick, N. 1997. Lake Sammamish watershed water quality survey. King County Water and Land Resources Division, Seattle, WA. 122 pp. http: / /cfpub.epa.gov/ npdes / stormwater /menuofbmps /index.cfm ?action= factsheet results &vi... 5/4/2011 EPA - Stormwater Menu of BMPs Page 4 of 4 King County, Washington. No date. About Carwash Kits: Keep pollution out of streams and Puget Sound. ( http:// dnr .metrokc.cov /wlr /pi /carwash.htm exit g6S At"r'" ]. Accessed September 15, 2005. Kitsap County Sound Car Wash Program. 1999. Personal communication and website. Kitsap County Government, Port Orchard, WA. (htto: / /www.kitsapaov.com /sswm /carwash.htm f *OT Dt.v+a,-t Lance Winslow III. 1999. How to Run a Successful Car Wash Fundraiser. Car Wash Guys International, Inc, Tempe, AZ. Natural Resources Defense Council. 1999. Stormwater Strategies: Community Responses to Runoff Pollution. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc, New York, NY Smith, J. 1996. Public survey used to estimate pollutant loads in Maryland. Technical Note 73. Watershed Protection Techniques 2(2): 361 x,363. Sonoma County, California. No Date. Pollution Prevention: Car Wash Fundraisers. ( www .sonoma- countv.orq /prmd /sw /pp- home- carwash.htm ttiorrnr.- E.<<,, _ ].Accessed September 15, 2005. Pellegrin Research Group. 1998. Stormwater /urban runoff public education program. Interim evaluation. Resident population. Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, Los Angeles, CA. Click here to comment on this fact sheet) Office of Water 1 Office of Wastewater Management 1 Disclaimer 1 Search EPA EPA Home 1 Privacy and Security Notice 1 Contact Us Last updated on November 11, 2010 URL:http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/menuofbmps/index.cfm http: / /cfpub.epa. gov / npdes / stormwater /menuofbmps /index.cfm ?action =factsheet results &vi... 5/4/2011 Figure 1. Car wash kit set up diagram FEDERAL WAY CATCH BASIN GRATE POWER CORD TO PGFCI POWER SUPPLY 0 OUTLET PIPE CATCH BASIN. GRATE POWER CORD TO PCFCI @ POWER SUPPLY LEAVE GAP BETWEEN CATCH BASIN GRATE AND FRAME SO AS NOT TO PINCH HOSE OR POWER CORD HOSE TO SANI 7-SEWER CLEANOUT HIT INSERT - -PAVEMENT 'AICH BASIN HOSE TO SANITARY SEWER CLEANOUT INLET PIPE FadwraI PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT car wash kit setup 7 2009