Loading...
Historic Dis - Streetscapes etcCITY OF DUBUQUE, IOWA MEMORANDUM Januaw 18,2002 TO: FROM: SUBJECT: The Honorable Mayor and City Council Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager Streetscape and Landscape Guidelines for Historic Districts The Histodc Preservation Commission, working with a steering committee of Commission members. City staff and community members, has prepared a set of draft Streetscape and Landscape Guidelines for Historic Districts. In reviewing the draft guidelines as written, I was concerned that the guidelines seem to be regulations. rather than suggestions. The last sentence in the Intent and Purpose section that talks about the Commission using these guidelines to "evaluate and approve applications" contradicts the paragraphs above it, and should be deleted. also was concerned that the guidelines seem to set up an unrealistic expectation that the City or private property owners must do the highest, and most costly, improvements. For example, the sections on Setting and Site, Paving, Sidewalks Curbs and Retaining Walls do not have the alternative of using common materials, like standard concrete. These sections also do not acknowledge that historic materials are not always affordable to the City or to private property owners. The option of alternative or common materials needs to be described in the guidelines. After hearing my concerns, the Historic Preservation Commission has recommended changes to the design guidelines that address these issues. These changes are described in the attached letter from Terry Mozena, the Chairperson of the Commission. I believe that these recommended changes address my concerns. They clarify that the guidelines are suggestions, not regulations. They include the option to use substitute or common materials that are more affordable than original materials. I very much appreciate the fact that the Historic Preservation Commission was willing to modify t~e recommendation and I believe these are guidelines that will assist the Commission. staff and residents as work is done in Historic. Preservation Districts. Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manage~_ Attachments cc: Barry Lindahl, Corporation Counsel Cindy Steinhauser. Assistant City Manager Laura Carstens, Planning Services Manager Terry Mozena, Chairperson, Historic Preservation Commission Plaam~ng Services Department City Hall 50 West 13ffi Street Dubuque, Iowa 52001-4864 (563) 589-4210 office (563) 5894221 fax planning(~cityofdubuque.org JanuaW 18 2002 Michael Van Milligen, City Manager City of Dubuque City Hall -- 50 W. 13th Street Dubuque, IA 52001 SUBJECT: Streetscape and Landscape Guidelines for Historic Districts Dear Mike, The Historic Preservation Commission (HPC) has reviewed the draft Streetscape and Landscape Guidelines for Historic Districts. The Commission also has rewewed your concerns, and input that the HPC received from property owners at a public workshop In response, the Commission would like to propose some amendments to the draft guidelines. 1. Commissioners want the design guidelines to be a user-friendly resource of suggestions for historically correct restoration, and for alternatives when preservation of original materials is not economically viable. We agree with you that the last sentence under Intent and Purpose is confusing, and we think it should be deleted. We would like to add the following information to this section: "Untike the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance these design guidelines are not regulations. They are suggestions, and are not mandatory. The Historic Preservation Commission hopes that these design guidelines encourage property owners, businesses, institutions, neighborhood associations and City departments to look for ways to work together and to seek out funding sources to preserve, retain and repair original historic materials whenever economically feasible. When preservation of these historic features ~s not economically viable, the Commission hopes that the guidelines encourage people to search for suitable substitute materials that capture the sense of place that Dubuque's historic districts provide." Historic District Design Guidelines Page 2 2. Under Setting and Site, we agree that last bullet under "Not Recommended" should be re- worded to address affordability, as follows: NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when it is economically feasible to save and repair originals. The Commission also agrees that an "Acceptable" category should be added to provide for the use of substitute materials, and we suggest the following addition [o this section: ACCEPTABLE · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, when their use is economically feasible. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new or common materials, when it is not economically viable to save and repair originals or to use substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance. For the sections dealing with Pavinq, Sidewalks, Curbs and Retainin~q Walls, the Commission would like to encourage the preservation of brick streets brick sidewalks. limestone curbs and limestone walls. We also understand that these materials can add significantly to the cost of any project, and that the City, like private property owners, does not have unlimited funds to pay for this level of improvement. We hope that the new Historic District Public Improvement Program can help fund these types of improvements where neighborhood groups also support them, and that other ways will be found because of the guidelines. The Commission agrees that the guidelines as written may set up an unrealistic expectation that the City or the property owner must d ~ this higher level of improvement. the sections that deal with Pavinq, Sidewalks, Curbs and Retaining Wails, we agree that the "Acceptable" category should include the use of new or common materials as a last resort. Our suggested wording to be added to these se(~tions is: In ACCEPTABLE · As a last resort, new or common materials, such as standard concrete, when it is not economically viable to save and repair originals or to use substitute materials which simulate the original in appearance. We appreciate the opportunity to work with you on these design guidelines. Sincerely, Terry Mozena, Chairperson Historic Preservation Commission CITY OF DUBUQUE, IOWA MEMORANDUM January 15,2002 TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager Laura Carstens, Planning Services Manager'~---~ Historic Design Guidelines Manual: Streetscape and Landscape Portion This memo transmits a draft of the Streetscape and Landscape portion of the Historic Design Guidelines Manual, in preparation for a work session with the City Council on Monday, January 21, 2002. The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) has awarded the City a grant to develop a design guidelines manual for the historic districts. The City has hired Durrant Architects to work with a steering committee of Historic Preservation Commission members, City staff and community advisors to prepare a manual of design guidelines for streetscapes and structures in the 5 historic districts. A list of the committee members is enclosed. The Historic Preservation Commission would like the design guidelines manual to be a user- friendly resource for City staff, contractors and property owners to identify and understand appropriate and inappropriate treatments for historic properties. The development of this design guidelines manual has been broken up into two portions: streetscapes/landscapes, and historic structures (underway). Unlike the Historic Preservation Ordinance, the design guidelines are not regulatory. The manual provides recommendations for streetscape and landscape features in public places and private spaces in the historic districts. The guidelines present illustrated and descriptive suggestions with the intent to preserve, ~etain and replicate the features of historic districts that give them a "sense of place". Input from the Historic Preservation Commission, property owners in the historic districts, and the State Historic Preservation Office has been incorporated in the development of the draft streetscape and landscape guidelines. The steering committee's recommendation is for the City Council to review the Streetscape and Landscape portion of the Historic Design Guidelines Manual, and then provide direction to the committee for final approval of these guidelines. Attachments CC Historic Design Guidelines Steering Committee Historic Preservation Commission Lcarsten/council/dgm-streets.doc HISTORIC DESIGN GUIDELINES STEERING COMMITTEE NAME BUSINESS/ORGANIZATION ADDRESS PHONE Temy Mozena Historic Preservation Commission 1036 W. 3"= St 582-2707 DUbuque IA 52001 Suzanne Guinn Historic Preservation Commission 1433 Main St 589-4733 Dubuque IA 52001 Jim Gibbs Historic Preservation Commission 1037 Kirkwood 588-3078 Dubuque IA 52001 Linda Herbst Dubuque Main Street, Ltd4 76 Main St 582-1620 Dubuque IA 52001 Tacie-Campbelt Dubuque County Historical Society P O Box 266 557-9545 Dubuque IA 52004-0266 Steve Horman Dubuque Area Chamber of Commerce 770 Town Clock Plaza 557-9200 Dubuque IA 52001 Dods Hingtgen Dubuque Area Board of Realtors 951 lowa St 556-2525 Dubuque IA 52001 Tammy Pfab Old House Enthusiasts 235 N. Grandview Ave 583-3807 Dubuque IA 52001 John Henning Historic Bluffs Neighborhood Assoc 452 Loras Blvd 587-0671 Dubuque IA 52001 Doug Stillings Downtown Neighborhood Association 1255 Locust St 589-2000 Dubuque IA 52001 Kafl~y Mangrich Bluff Street Neighborhood Assoc 345 Bluff St 557-1231 Dubuque IA 52001 Gil Spence Leisure Services Manager 589-4263 Laura Carstens Planning Services Manager 589-4210 Bob Schiesl Civil Engineer 589-4270 Cindy Steinhauser Assistant City Manager 589~4116 Jerelyn O'Connor Neighborhood Development Specialist ~ 589-4326 John Klosterman Street Maintenance Supervisor 589-4250 Dennis Hackbarth Building Inspector 589-4150 Jolene Patterson Housing Rehabilitation Supervisor 589-4239 WallY Wemimont i Assistant Planner 569-4210 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200~ Prepared for the Planning Services De partment City of Dubuque, Iowa by The Durrant Group, Inc. St. Charles, Illinois and Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Durrant STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTENT AND PURPOSE VISION FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS LONG RANGE GOALS FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S STANDARDS FOR REHABILITATION METHODOLOGY - DEFINING THE DISTRICTS PROPERTY LISTINGS BY DISTRICT DISTRICT GUIDELINES JACKSON PARK DISTRICT WEST 11TM STREET DISTRICT LANGWORTHY DISTRICT CATHEDRAL DISTRICT OLD MAIN DISTRICT TOPICS REVIEWED BY THE GUIDELINES: Setting and Site Driveways~ Parking, Paving - Residential Driveways, Parking, Paving - Commercial Grade Changes and Retaining Walls Sidewalks, Walkways, and Curbs Fences and Gates Amenities-~- Residential Amenities - Commercial Signs and Graphics Wayfinding Features Street Lighting Yard and Park Features Landscaping Utilities INTENT AND PURPOSE STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f INTENT AND PURPOSE This document was developed in coordination with the City of Dubuque, the local Historic Preservation Commission (HPC), the State Historic Preservation Office, and preservation partners in the commUnity. This document provides suggestions and recommendations for the treatment of exterior landscape and streetscape elements both in public spaces and in private spaces that are visually accessible to the public in the five existing historic districts. The guidelines focus on the retention and replication of features and objects that are unique to the area--and to each district where aPPlicablo for the purpose of protecting, maintaining, and restoring the historic character of the current and potential historic districts. Issues of new construction and renovation are addressed by emphasizing the importance of relating new construction to existing features and streetscapes. Positive and negative visual examples are utilized to provide a clear baseline of acceptable and recommended approaches. The Guidelines are intended to present landscaping and streetscape recommendations to property owners, residents, contractors and others, relating to the type of rehabilitation and new construction that may be occur in the current locally designated historic districts. These also may be used as a reference for rehabilitation and new construction in locations currently not within a designated historic district, and may be expanded in the future to accommodate new historic districts. The City of Dubuque Streetscape and Landscape Guidelines are based on the Secretary of the Interiors Standards for Rehabilitation as they relate to issues of Site and Setting, and the Secretary of the /r~teriors Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for the Treatment of Cultural Landscapes. These federally-defined standards provide the framework for the specific guidelines presentec~ here. Guidelines, when adopted by the Dubuque City Council, wi//serve as document used by the City to evaluate and approve applications for determinations of No Material Effect and Certificates of Appropriateness (COA). VISION FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200~ VISION FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS Dubuque's five historic preservation districts encompass over 600 primary and secondary structures of national, state, Ioca and neighborhood significance. The districts exhibit a range of architectural styles that reflect the historic context of the development of Iowa's oldest city. They nclude densely developed, mixed use, urban enwronments with commercial storefronts and upper story housing; one-, two-, and multi-family residences; institutional uses; neighborhood parks and F~ublic open spaces. Within this context, and consistent with the City's historic preservation ordinance, we envision the preservation, restoration and stewardship of the historical and architectural resources of Dubuque's five- historic preservation districts, including: · Promotion of the educational, cultural, economic and general welfare of the community through the protection, enhancement and perpetuation of these districts; · Safeguarding of the city's historic, aesthetic, architectural, and cultural heritage by preserving these districts; · Stabilization and improvement of property values in these districts; · Fostering of civic pride in the legacy of beauty and achievements of the past exemplified by these districts; · Protection and enhancement of the city's attractions to tourists and visitors and the support and stimulus to business these districts provide; · Strengthening of the economy of the city; and · Promotion of ,the use of these districts as sites for the education, pleasure and welfare of the peopleof the city,~ LONG RANGE GOALS FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 LONG RANGE GOALS FOR DUBUQUE'S HISTORIC PRESERVATION DISTRICTS Long range goals for the planning and development of Dubuque's historic preservation districts are set forth, in the Dubuque 2000 Comprehensive Plan, and are listed below for these districts separately and collectively: CATHEDRAL~ JACKSON PARK~ LANGWORTHY AND WEST ELEVENTH STREET HISTORIC DISTRICTS · Preserve historic and aesthetic character and function of established neighborhoods. CATHEDRAL, JACKSON PARK AND OLD MAIN HISTORIC DISTRICTS · Preserve historic and aesthetic characterand function of established neighborhoods. · Maintain and improve the aesthetic qualities of the City parking system's facilities. ALL HISTORIC DISTRICTS · Encourage neighborhood identity, planning and pride of place. · Encourage clean-up/beautification for the public, private and business sectors. · Protect and preserve the city's historic buildings, urban pattern and natural environment. · Protect and preserve existing open space and parkland to meet the community's needs. · Utilize principles of good design and/or historic preservation in al public projects. · Compliment the human scale and historic bulk and mass of existing structures when designing new or redeveloped structures. · Enhance the aesthetics of new and eXisting development - design, landscaping, parking, signage - with special sensitivity to the historic character and bui ding materials found in the community. · Adapt land use controls to fit the various historic development patterns and neighborhoods that reflect urban, suburban and rural characteristics. · Safeguard the cultural and historic resources of the community as critical to the quality of life and the attractiveness of Dubuque. iPromote the preservation of historic buildings an, d architectural resources in the com.m.,unity. Educate the Community about the benefits of historic preservation to the community s quality of life, economic development efforts tour sm and'tax base enhancement. · Increase appreciation, education, technical assistance and funding for the community's historical and architectural heritage. SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S STANDARDS FOR REHABILITATION STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation The Standards [36 CFR Part 67) apply to historic buildings of all periods, styles, types, materials, and sizes. They apply to both the exterior and the interior of historic buildings. The Standards also encompass related landscape features and the building's site and environment as well as attached, adjacent, or related new construction. The Standards are applied to projects in a reasonable manner, taking into consideration economic and technical feasibility. 1. A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placed in a new use that requires minimal change to the defining characteristics of the building and its site and environment. 2. The historic character of a property shall be retained and preserved. The removal of historic materials or alteration of features and spaces that characterize a property shall be avoided. 3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its time, p/ace, and use. Changes that create a fa/se sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or architectural elements from other buildings, shall not be undertaken. 4. Most properties change over time; those changes that have acquired historic significance in their own right shall be retained and preserved. 5. Oistinctive features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize a historic property shall be preserved. 6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than rep/aced. Where the severity of deterioration require replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, co/or, texture, and other visual qua#ties and. where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary, physical or pictorial evidence. 7. Chemical or physical treatments, such as sandblasting, that cause damage~to historic materials shall no~ be used. The surface cleaninlg of structures, if appropriate, Shall be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. 8. Significant archeologica/ resources affected by a project shall be protected and preserved. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures shall be undertaken. 9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shaft not destroy historic materials that Characterize the property. The new work shall be differen, tiated from the old and shall be compatible with the massing, size, sca/e, and architectural features to protect tbe historic integrity b(ti3e property and its environment, 1~ ~rr~w additions and adjacent or related new construction shall be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future, the essentla~ ..... form and integrity of the historic property and its environment would be unimpaired. _ METHODOLOGY- DEFINING THE DISTRICTS STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 METHODOLOGY- Defining the Districts There are currently five historic districts in the City ~* of Dubuque -- Jackson Park, West 11% Langworthy, Cathedral, and Old Main. The Guidelines will address each district separately. Although the majority of the recommendations will be similar for each district, this approach was chosen to: · clarify and simplify information for users of the Guidelines, · allow for the recognition and promotion of differences between districts where they exist. "1 JACKSON PARK ~ k,d,~ 2 W, ~ ~', 1 3 LANGWORTHY ,a CATHEDRAL 5 OLD MAIN · accommodate the expansion or addition of districts to the Guidelines in the future by the insertion of new chapters, and · simplify the process of reviewing and updating of the Guidelines when necessary Historic Districts Map ~ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 METHODOLOGY- Defining the Districts Cathedral District Old Main District Jackson Park District The districts are architecturally diverse, and encompass both residential and commercial architecture as well as public sites of historic and cultural importance, and public greenscapes. It is the .qoal of these guidelines to provide a comprehensive set of recommendations that can apply to ali of the districts~ while still promotinfl the unique characteristics and features ~of each district. The survey of each district attempted to identify features that were particular to each district through the examination of existing structures and features, as well as historic photographs of the different districts at various points in their history. The intent is not to recreate a specific period of history in each district, but rather to recognize and retain significant existing historic features, and to encourage the introduction of compatible and historically appropriate new materials as necessary in each district. It is necessary, of course, to acknowledge the existing City ordinances regulating construction, s~gns, and street trees, and these documents should be consulted prior to any major alteration of the streetscape features. Photographs are utilized throughout to provide visual explanations of treatments and conditions that are recommended and not recommended n accoroance with the federal standards. In an attempt to provide increased flexibility of options in certain s!tuations however, the Guidelines present different levels of rec._o, mmendations. Options presented in normal text represent the preferred Option that' is in accordance with the Secretary of the Interior s Standards. These options should be used if at all possib e Options marked by an * represent alternatives that are less preferred,, but are still acceptable, and should be discussed with the City of Dubuque Planning Services Department and Historic Preservation Commission. PROPERTY LISTINGS BY DISTRICTS STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 PROPERTY LISTINGS BY DISTRICT STREET RANGE OF ADDRESSES West Ist 199 to 235 (odd), 335 to 399 West 2nd 199, 335 to 399 West 3ra 199 to 240, 335 to 499, 1004, 1020, 1027 to 1099 West 4tr 150 to 248 (even), 33'1 to 499 West 5th 320 to 444 West 6t~ 300 to 399 West 7th 300 to 398 (even) Wesl 8th 36 West 9th 301 to 399 (odd) West 10~h 295 to 399 West 11th 250 to 695 West 12t~ 250 to 499, 1240, 1250, 1264 to 1270 West 13th 50, 100 to 299 West 14th 100 to 399 West 15t' 35 to 399 West 16th 44 to 399 West 17th 50 to 399 Alice 1055 to 1077 Alpine 100 to 499 Arlington 447 to 649 Bluff 39to 699, 701 [o 759 (odd), 900 to 999 (odd) Ceiltral Chestnut 72O 507 to 858 Copperhead Lane All Dell. 133.5 tO 1360 Emmett Al Grove Terrace 970 to 1295 STREET RANGE OF ADDRESSER Hayden Lane Al Heeb 1 to 51 Highland Place 1105 to1295 Hill 18§ to 299 (odd) Iowa 1300 to 1699 Jefferson 560 to 687 Jones 300 to 399 Lang,~orthy 1040 to 1199 Lincoln 2241 Locust 53, 55, 401 to 699 (odd), 901 to 999 (odd), 1001 to 1599 Loras Boulevard 100 to 636 Madison 1700 to 1759 Main 100 to 399,. 405 1290 to 1759 Melrose Terrace All North Main -1700 to 1759 Olive. 970 tO 1080 Prairie 1136 ;to 1349 Raymond Place 400 Rose 70.5, 715 St. Mary's All Spruce 945 to 1073 Walnut 1006 to 1'293 West Locust 300 to 399 Wilbur 49Oto 610 JACKSON PARK DISTRICT STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ Jackson Park SETTING AND SITE SETTING -The building setting is the area or environment in which an historic property is found. It may be an urban or suburban neighborhood or a natural landscape in which a building has been constructed. The elements of setting, such as the relationship of buildings to one another, propegy setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways and walkways, together with street trees and otl~er landscaping features create the character of a neighborhood or district. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the setting, such as roads and streets, furnishings and fixtures, natural or topographic~features, and key views or vistas. · Retain historic relationship between buildings, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing landscape and streetscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any streetscape or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the district. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and setting features through inappropriate new construction of streets, parking lots, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. Historic phOt~i~ph at 11th street between Bluff and ;LoCust. The ~r;aoter of this area is defined by large; ;homes on Cer~e~ ets, combined with Urban features 'Such as u~ifbrm Setbacks higher density Of development ~rete sidewalks and mature street trees in the right-of way. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park SETTING RECOMMENDED Greenspaces are highly visible featuresin some districts. In this Photo from 1878, Jackson Park has just been transformed frem a graveyard to a public park. The landscaping, paths, and fencing is in place, although the central oriental gazebo is under construction, Jackson Park District is notable for its more urban character, as defined by the public and uses, as well as th~ higher density of development, resulting in residential version of tl~e res can be seen in both the historic (left) ~nd contemporary (right) pho~os of the west side of Main Street. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SETTING NOT RECOMMENDED A combination of insensitive urban renewal, road construction, and deferred maintenance have taken their toll on the once dense residentialand commercial areas in downtown. Having lost their historic context, the surviwng structures do not relate well to their new surroundings, and seem out of place. Jackson Park Contemporary parking lots in the district generally signify the loss of structures that contributed to the overall setting and character of the area. The resulting gaps ~n the historic fabric have a negative visual impact, as in the case of the imposing Greystone, seen at right, which once dominated its bl°Ck at the bluff base~ It is now the site of a large parking lot (at left). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park SETTING AND SITE SITE - The landscape surrounding a historic building and contained within an individual parcel of land is considered the building site. The site, including all of its associated features, contributes to the overall character of the property. As a result, the relationship between the building and the landscape features within the site's boundaries should be considered in the overall planning of rehabilitation work. 6.42' H,~use at 1243 LOcust, btdlt for the Goodrich who was a cousin of F.E, Bi~seIl (fig 6.41), a~tr bute~ to l~ague, sh~u~ [ efo~*e tile porche~ were removed; It was la,er ou,~d by Davul~ S. Wilson~ The window hntels are si~nilar ~a those on Rague's addition to the county wurt~ouse (fig 5~). Some ~tigg~st the l*g,~ ho~se at Ea~le Point Wa~ also a Rag~e ~tbsign. See ~NtFER FOR DBQ HISTOR~ RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the site, such as sidewalks and paths, furnishings, light fixtures, sculpture, and water features, natural or topographic features, and potential archaeological resources. · Retain historic relationship between buildings and secondary structures, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing buildings and landscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any building or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the site. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and landscape features through inappropriate new construction of streets, pathways, parking lots, secondary buildings, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 jaCks°n Park SITE RECOMMENDED The relationship of the building fa(;ade to its lot, to the street and the sidewalk, and to its neighbors helps define the nature of the building site. The two photos on the right show large free- standing homes on large lots, which is common in this district. The fences, Iow plantings, retaining walls, and large scale landscaping all contri- bute to the character of the site. NOT RECOMMENDED The photo on the left is an example of a site that has been altered in a way that is incompatible with the surrounding sites in the neighborhood. It is an insensitive ~se of lim~ ~tdne in a historic district, especially this residential setting: Thankfully; the vegetation ~as been recently restored, a~ seed in the photo on the right. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING - RESIDENTIAL RECOMMENDED The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of iransportation. Streets were narrow and paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the more urban areas of Jackson Park, Old Main and Cathedral districts, housing patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to sheds, carriage houses, or garages at the back or side of'the property. With the coming of the automobile, these structures were increasingly converted to or replaced by garages. The insertion of driveways, parking areas, and curb cuts in these districts is generally inconsistent with their historic character. Within the districts the traditional paving materials should be saved and restored. The insertion of new curb cuts and parking--both garages and driveways--should be kept to a minimum. · Preservation of driveways and their original designs, materials, and placements. · Materials for new drivesthat are consistent with the historic materials, including crushed-limestone aggregate concrete and brick pavers. · Parking areas located near the rear of the property, and screened with landscaping when visible from the street. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access to garages from side or rear of property. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new semi-circular or drive-thru drive designs in front yards. · Demolition of an existing secondary structure for the creation of a new garage. · Insertion of a new drive Or garage adjacent to or in front of the pr mary fa~ade.rof the Primary structure. · Insertion of gravel ordirt drives, which:~iolatesCity codes. · Insertion of new drNes or parking areas without provision of preper landscape screening from the street(s). *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park DRIVES, PARKING LOTS, PAVING The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied largely on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation. Streets originally were paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the downtown areas of Old Main, West 11th Street, Jackson Park, and portions of the Cathedral districts, construction patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to the back of the property. The insertion of prominent driveways, curb cuts, and parking lots in these areas of the district is generally inconsistent with their historic character. Within the districts the traditional pawng and materials should be saved and restored, and the insertion of new curb cuts and parking kept to a minimum. COMMERCIAL RECOMMENDED · Location of new parking lots for commercially-used houses, churches, apartments, schools in the rear of the properties. · Screening parking areas at corner lots with landscaping on both streets, · Aligning new parking areas on vacant lots with the front edge of the adjacent property to allow for a proper landscaping screen. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access for delivery from the side or rear of property. · Preservation and repair of brick paving where existing. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a I~lain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Demolition of an existin.g primary or secondary structure for the creation of parking areas. · IRsertion of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary fa~a'de-of the prin~ary structure~ · insertion of new drives or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from street. *ReView with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 DRIVEWAYS, PARKING LOTS, PAVING RECOMMENDED Public parking with an adequate setback, decorative fencing, and appropriate plantings for screening. Historic brick street, This area was recently repaired and the pavers were retained. NOT RECOMMENDED Contemporary parking lots (at left) in the districts create gaps in the historic architectural fabric that havea negative visual impact:on the district as a whole. At left the parking lot is prominently located at a corner, it does not respect the setback of the neighboring building, and there is little to blend it into its surrounding or hide it from puDic view with the fencing or landscaping. At right, the large open space of the parking lot interrupts the architectural row. JackSOn Park The density necessitates on-street or alley parking for both commercial and residential structures. Garages are accessed from the rear alley. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS Sidewalks throughout the Cathedral District were RECOMMENDED either wood plank in their earliest form, which Was later replaced with brick pavers in different ,Identification and preservation of original historic paving and mestone curbing patterns, or poured concrete with a crushed materials where they su~ive, particularly in areas where the curbing has a limestone aggregate. It is currently City policy to substantial visual impact~n the view from the street. remove and replace these materials during new .Materials for new sidewalks and crosswalks that are consistent with the historic construction, either with broom finish poured materials, such as brick pavers and Crushed- imestone aggregate concrete. concrete or, more recently, .stained concrete pavers or stained and stamped concrete. ,Replacement of deteriorated limestone curbs with new limestone. Preservation and replication of any of the historic .New sidewalks that restore the historic width of the walkways, where masonry materials for sidewalks would be contemporary usages and'City codes allow. appropriate in the Jackson Park District and adjacent neighborhoods, and is the recommended ACCEPTABLE treatment. Substitute materials can be considered for issues of cost and code comp ance, however. ,Substitute materials that simulate the original paving, such as colored concrete pavers and stamped and/or stained concrete.* Limestone was the traditional curb material throughout the city. As with the. sidewalks, it has .Substitute materials that simulate the original limestone curbing in color, been City policy to remove and replace these texture, and shape, such as straight curbs of tinted concrete poured with a curbs with poured concrete curbs and gutters as textured form liner (preferred option).* they deteriorate, or when they interfere with street ,As a last resort, straight curbs of limestone-colored stained concrete may be or utility repairs. Limestone is recommended for used.* use as a straight curb material in these a[eas due to its historic presence, but alternate materials may NOT RECOMMENDED be considered for ease of maintenance reduced ,Remova of histor c curbsand gutters without an appropr ate replacement. cost and increased durability. r .Use of pebble-surface concrete sidewalks. · Use of asphalt for a paving material on sidewalks. [~[~r~-~. ' *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS RECOMMENDED Jackson Park Limestone curbs in historic (left) and contemporary(right) pHotos. These survive rather sporadically due to the City's replacement policy They should be maintained whenever possible, ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATES ad;d limestone paving Concrete pavers Stamped concrete STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS Any addition or removal of ground material on the property is considered to be a change in grade. As a general rule this should be avoided. Such changes generally result in the alteration of the visual character of the property, and also may damage the site and its structures through erosion or improper drainage. Every residential historic district exhibited some i=orm of retaining wal constructed from large, rough-hewn blocks of the ocal limestone. These retaining walls are characteristic of Dubuque, and the massive examples seen in the Cathedral, Jackson Park, and West 11t" Street districts represent one of the city's most distinctive features. Smaller scale versions are commor~ for individual properties, and groups of properties, throughout the districts. As with the curbs and gutters, limestone retaining walls have been replaced in some areas with new poured concrete versions. The historic walls should be retained and repaired where they exist, and new~ walls should be built with the same finish materials asthe historic ~Nails. GRADE CHANGES RECOMMENDED · Minor changes in grade that will improve drainage of a site, or that will serve to direct moisture away froma structure. · Minor changes ingrade for the purpose of site or landscape improvements or restoration. GRADE CHANGES NOT RECOMMENDED · Changes in grade that obscure or conceal portions of the primary structure. · Changes in gradp that may have an adverse effect on the site's structures, or neighboring structures through the redirection of moisture or storm water. · Changes in grade that have an impact on the character of the streetscape or the relationship of the buildings to their sites. RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED · Identifying and preserving historic limestone retaining walls. · Constructing new retaining wallsthat replicate the size, scale, and materials or,the historic limestone walls. RETAINING WALLS NOT RECOMMENDED ~Damaging or removing an historic retain!ng wall that can be salvaged or repaired. · Constructing new retaining walls of poured concrete, railroad ties, or Standard concrete block. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED Jackson Park Historic limestone retaining WallS: Such walls are common in Dubuque, and define its character. Every effort should be made to preserve the~i NOT RECOMMENDED Large poured concrete retai~lng Wall is incompatible in its form, materials, and finish Railroad tie retaini[~g walls are not a Substitute materials.do not match the color teXture and scale~[~e original lim~i~ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park FENCES AND GATES Every residential area of the historic districts exhibited some form of Iow historic fences and/or gate. The high density of the residential areas combined with the complexities of the local topography limited fences primarily to large, flat plots, usually those of the larger upper class homes. Elaborate wrought and cast iron examples were common on the larger properties constructed in the latter half of the nineteenth century in ~he Jackson Park, West 11t' Street, and C~thedral districts. These were often .erected atop a limestone retaining wall that served as a base, and several examples survive in good condition. More utilitarian mesh-type fences--precursors t0 modern chain link--also are visible 'in these areas, although they survive less frequently. In the Langworthy and southern Cathedral districts simple wooden picket fencing and gates, and wooden balustrade style fences were a popular choice for larger homes or groups of properties, RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original cast and wrought iron fences and gates. · Replication and installation of new fences based upon identified historic prototypes. · Replication and installation of different types of historic fences for different exposures, based upon identified prototypes. · New fences that are sensitive to historic precedents in their scale, transparency, color, and materials. · Fencing that is in compliance with City codes. · Installation of privacy fences at the rear of the property only. · Removal of inappropr ate chan link or privacy fences. · Installation Of the same appropriate material for fences wherever they occur on the property, unless different historicmaterials are extant. · Installation of fences with the decorative face presented to the public way. · P!anting of windbreaks or, hedgerows to function as a privacy "fence'': on pr mary.facades where adequate h stor c docu mentat on ex sts ! After 1945 chain link became a popular* fencing ~ option, but this material is incompatible with the· NOT RECOMMENDED historic character of thedStricts Original fences should be, preserved rePaired where they ~Xi~i and fenCe~ ~h°ud. be ba~ed Upon histor c protetypes Whe~ever possible. · New fences constructed of chain link, horizontal board, split rails, plastic, concrete block or other solid masonry. not in compliance with City codes. ,Privacy fences that are set forward of the rear Wall of the structure, or that are prom nent y v s b e from the street(s) STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Wood RECOMMENDED JaCkSon Park STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Metal RECOMMENDED STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park AMENITIES - RESIDENTIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. HistoriCally these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Where eVidence for historic features is available, an effort should be made to replicate them in newer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial areas °f the districts. In the more residential areas of the district it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles, and possibly planters in residential areas as wel! for public benefitl TO minimize the cOSts Pf maintenance and ~ePlacement for the Ci~yl it is a'dvisable to utilize one or two styles for ~1i features throughout the historic dist[ ctS and thei~ ~ei~hb0ring areas. . RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of existing historic features, such as hitching posts, benches or other seating, trash receptacles, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should be documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for new features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporary materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities such as benches and signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic districts. · Installation of amenities purchased through the City, or through the City's suppliers, for use on private proPerty. · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. · Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines. · Benches and waste receptacles composed largely or entirely Of smooth or pebble- faced concrete or plastic. · InStallation of features that do not meet current City codes. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park AMENITIES - COMMERICIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, trash receptacles, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained Where evidence for historic features is available an effort should be made to replicate them in r~ewer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would ike to continue the use of this style througl~out the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial areas of the districts. In the more commercial areas of QId Main and south Cathedral district, it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles clocks, and possibly planters as well for public benefit. To minimize the costs of mair~tenance and replacement i~or the City, it is adv sable to utilize one or:two styles for all features throughout the histode districts and their r~e~.~ipg areas, RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of any existing historic features, such as hitching posts, benches or other seating, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should be documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for new features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporary materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities suCh as benches or signs that are constructed largely or entirely of woOd will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance: · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic districts. · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. · Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines. · Benches and waste receptacles composed largely or entirely of smooth or Pebble- faced concrete or plastic. olnstallation of features that do not meet current City codes. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 AMENITIES RECOMMENDED New strap iron bench at3rd and Main Bench, planter and ght ng at Cable Car Square Jackson Park Detail of planter and light Detail :bf Simp i~°n ~e:~hat Cable Car "Central Park" style bench Historic property marker/h tch ng STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park SIGNS AND GRAPHICS The commercial areas of the historic districts including all of the Old Main district and the central portion of the Cathedral district near Cable Car Square have exhibited a wide array of signs from the late nineteenth century through the present day. Few examples from the nineteenth century survive, but there is photographic evidence for signs on Main Street throughout the twentipth century. It is desirable that new signs attempt to reference the historic signs of the early twentieth century in is size, scale, style, and coloration, but substitute materials are acceptable for the purposes of increased durability. Several examples of appropriate signs can be seen in Cable Car Square. Given its age and cultural significance, neon signs from the mid-century are now considered to be historic in their own right. The retention and/or replication of these materials for contemporary Use RECOMMENDED · All signs also should follow regulations outlined in City ordinances. · Identification, repair, and'~preservation of existing signs from the first half of the twentieth century or earlier. · IdentificatiQn and preservation of signs.from the 1950s and 1960s, where appropriate. · Signs constructed of traditional and historic materials such as carved and painted wood, cast bronze, or painted metal. · Signs that replicate or reference historic signage in their style, scale, and materials. · Signs that replicate symbols or Iogos associated with the business, product or trade. · Coordination of sign colors with overall scheme of building exterior. · Placement of signs at traditional locations, such as storefront belt courses, upper fa(;ade walls, hanging or mounted inside the windows, or projecting from the face of the building. should be Commission on a case-by-case basis: NOT RECOMMENDED evaluated by the Preservation ~ i ' .Removal or destruction of historic s gns e.ther through deiberate action or I neglect' Signs that are out of scale with the building, and with neighbor ng buildings ,and ' signs.' ', ,~ , ,S,i~ns of inappropriate materials, such as plastic Or vrnyl. ' I .Insertion,,,~ or attachment of signs in such away as to inflict damage to the. building. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SIGNS AND GRAPHICS RECOMMENDED ~ Contemporary signs, hangers, and points of placement in Cable Car Square, reflecting the reoommended style, scale, materials, and appearance for sign features in the district. Jackson Park Circa 1880 Historic sign variants on Main Street Circa 1915 Circa 1960 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park WAYFINDING FEATURES The nature and appearance of street signs and wayfinding materials are determined to a certain extent by code. The size, shape, and graphics of street signs may not be aitered in certain instances. However, the City has recently installed decorative signposts in the area around the City Hall. It is recommended that this type of post, or a variant of it, be used for new signs. Kiosks and information boards are not historic features of Dubuque, but they are important assets in serving both the local population and visitors to the city. New wayfinding materials should be in keeping with the style, materials and colors established for other public amenities such as benches and waste receptacles. It may be desirable to altei- the wayfinding materials slightly in color, material, or style for each district as a means of clearly separating and defining them according to their historic character. Banners or other ga;teway markers may be desi'rable as a means of defining each district. Historic examples are recorded in photographs and these should be replicated or referenced. RECOMMENDED · Maintain a consistency of style, color, and scale in all wayfinding fea~;ures to contribute to the overall historic character of each district in general, and the amenities in particular. · Maintain a consistency in style of text and graphics within each district, or within the districts/as a whole. · Decorative signposts that reference historic street features. · New gateways or banners that are consistent with the styleS, colors, and materials selected for each district'~wayfinding materials, or for the districts in general. NOT RECOMMENDED · New signs, kiosks or boards that are incompatible with the other streetscape amenities. · New wayfinding materials that are out of scale with the surrounding buildings and streetscape, or with the other streetscape amenities. · Installation of wayfinding materials in such a manner as to disrupt or block critioal vistas or views. · Installation of waYflnding features in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape materials, orthe surrounding structures. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ WAYFINDING FEATURES RECOMMENDED Jackson Park Contemporary marker for Cable Car Souare incorporating historic fencing ano Typical retaining wall materials Typical new street sign With decdra{i,~e post used in Cable' Car Square area STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park STREET LIGHTING Several examples of historic lighting in the Old Main district are recorded in historic photographs, and several examples of street light fixtures dating from the eady twentieth century have been preserved and reused in the downtown area. It is not feasible to retrofit these fixtures for continued use throughout the downtown due to problems of repair and long-term maintenance. Recently the City has installed new street lighting posts in the downtown, and they would like to continue using this style for durability and ease of maintenance. Street lights may represent another area where districts can express their historic character through differing styles, materials, or colors of lamp posts and globes. This will need to be ba!anced with issues of cost and upkeep for the Cityi RECOMMENDED · Preservation, repair and reuse of original fixtures whenever possible. · Documentation and storage of historic fixtures for reference or protected usage. · New lighting that is consistent with the historic lighting in its sca{e, style, materials, and colors. · New lighting that is installed at a height appropriate for thestreetscape. · Purchase and use of City-approved lighting fixtures by privatb property owners for installation on their proPe~y. · Consider coIor-coYrected metal halide lighting to provide better color rendition of the historic materials. NOT RECOMMENDED · Destruction or removal of existing historic light fixtures thatcan be salvaged or repaired. · Installation of new lighting in such as way as to block key vistas or views. · Installation of lighting in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape elements, or surrounding buildings~ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park STREET LIGHTING RECOMMENDED New light installed by the City in Old Main and Cathedral Districts. Detail of new lighting Historic photo showing original gas lights NOT RECOMMENDED Contemporary photo showing historic lighting reinstalled on bridge in 'downtown Historic photo showing specialty lighting for chemist shop i0 the shape of a:ifl~ar and ' pestle STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park YARD AND PARK FEATURES The historic districts contain a large percentage of green space scattered throughout in the form of private yards and public parks, most notably Jackson Park and Washington Park. Historic documentation has allowed for the recreation of the pathways and pergola in Washington Park, and similar documentation is available for Jackson Park. It is desirable that this park be restored toits appearance in the early twentieth centu~. This does not preclude the insertion of Contemporary outdoor sculpture or outdoor installations in these spaces, however. Yard space that is on private property is not generally regulated by the City. It is recommended that private property owners remain aware of the views of their property from the public way, and to maintain these views in a manner that is consistent with the historic character of their district. RECOMMENDED · Restoration of public parks and greenspaces to their original layout and landscaping plans (if appropriate), including the restoration or recreation of pergolas or grandstands. · Evaluation of later changes to public parks and greenspaces to determine their historical significance. · InStallation of amenities and wayfinding materials in public greenspacesthat are in keeping with the rest of that district. · Maintaining private property that is visible from the public way in a manner that is in keeping with the historic character of the district. · Installation of public sculpture or other displays of outdoor art in public greenspaces. · Installation of artwork on publicly-visible private property that is in keeping with the scale of its surroundings. · Installation of fountains or other water features on publicly-visible private prq~perty that is keeping with the scale and character of the surrounding disffict's streetscape RECOMMENDED )val of any existing historic lands(=aping or park feature. · installation of new features on public greenspacesthat do not respect the:sCale or character of their surrounding district. ~lns~tallation of new artwork, fountains, or peFgolas, etc. Y~erty that does not t~espect the scale or chStdett~t bfth g STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 YARD AND PARK FEATURES RECOMMENDED Jackson Park "Park-like" treatment of the large lot surrounding this property includes ample plantings, Iow transparent-fences, and appropriately styled and scaled sighs. Historic photo of Jackson Park, Washington Park in the been revive( Q[ ts origina! landscaping ~ :feaiUr, es re~t~red:~b~tl~eir ; bJs. t°r~c appearance; most notably the:gazebo,in the · center. A similar treatment is recommende~: ,f. pr Jackson Park, STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park LANDSCAPING Some photographic evidence exists for the various forms of landscaping that have existed in the historic districts over time. These' schemes may not be appropriate for restoration. Landscaping in the historic districts will be guided largely by the existing landscaping ordinance, .which designates tree and shrub species, sizes, and appropriate locations on public and private property, r Where evidence of a historic landscape feature exists, and can contribute to the historic character of he district, efforts should be made to preserve or restore these features. Such work should be carried out with the consultation of the City Forester to ensure that it meets the City ordinance, and does not pose a threat to the health of the surrounding landscape, or the safety of the public. RECOMMENDED · Identification, preservation, and restoration of historic landscape features whenever possible. · New landscapingthat meets the requirements of the landscaping ordinance. · Restoration or recreation of landscaping features that have local historical or cultural significance for the district or the city in general. · preserve and maintain mature trees, replacing them when they become diseased or die. NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new landscaping features that may pose a hazard to the health of surrounding landscape features, or to public safety. · Installation of new landscape features that will contribute tothe deterioration Of nearby structures or streetscape features. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park LANDSCAPING RECOMMENDED Street trees on Bluff Street in the 1880s Two examples of historically sensitive landscaping treatments Street trees and landscapin~ on north Maih (left) and landscapiilg above a retaining wall for a freestanding house (right) STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Jackson Park UTILITIES The standard procedures for utilities govern the size, appearance, and location of their services. It is recommended that an attempt be made to provide more inconspicuous service boxes in the historic districts, either through the modification of the covers, or the location of the boxes themselves. Existing electrical service runs above ~ground, creating a network of wires over the streets and the historic properties. The City may consider the option of burying utilities on all new construction, and on all repairs in the historic districts. RECOMMENDED · New utility boxes that are less invasive in their appearance and/or their i°c~iiion. · BUrying all new or upgr~'~ted utility serve to reduce the number of overhead lines in the histori~ dist~iCts. : NOT · Piecing utility service boxes in Open areas that are prominently ¥isible~rOm the street, as seen below. WEST 11TM STREET DISTRICT STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh SETTING AND SITE SETTING -The building Setting is the area or environment in which an historic property is found. It may be an urban or suburban neighborhood or a natural landscape in which a building has been constructed. The elements of setting, such as the relationship of buildings to one another, property setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways a~d walkways, together with street trees 'and other landscaping features create the character of a neighborhood or district. Historic Ph°tog~aPh bf the 11th Street Elevator CombinatiOn ~ith the large building lots, masSive limestone retain.ing wall, the elevator, and the variety of mature trees 0q both publiC and private properties. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the setting, such as roads and streets, furnishings and fixtures, natural or topographic features, and key views or vistas. · Retain historic relationship between buildings, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing landscape and streetscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any streetscape or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the district. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and setting features through inappropriate new construction of streets, parking lots, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 WeSt Eleventh SETTING RECOMMENDED This historic photo of Loras Boulevard in the 1880s shows the continuity of the architectural row as it steps down the hill. Even though the structures a~re of different styles, the uniformity ~f setback, the presence of limestone retaining walls, IoW fences, and mature street trees at the limestone curbs ties the architectural elements together. NOT RECOMMENDED Every effort should be made to bury power lines and to preserve mature historic sidewalks, and retaining walls. Compare the historic photo at right, and the photo from 1987 at left. The widening of the street combined with the 10ss of and Street trees plus the insert!on of overhead power lines has radically altered the character of the view. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' West Eleventh SETTING AND SITE SITE - The landscape surrounding a historic building and contained within an individual parcel of land is considered the building site. The site, including all of its associated features, contributes to the overall character of the property. As a result, the relationship between the building and the landscape features within the site's boundaries should be considered in the overall planning of rehabilitation work. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the site, such as sidewalks and paths, furnishings, light fixtures, sculpture, water features, natural or topographic features, and potential archaeological resources. · Retain historic relationship between buildings and secondary structures, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing buildings and landscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of~hese features. NOT RECOMM ENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any building or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the site. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and landscape featureS through inappropriate new construction of streets, pathways, parking lots, secondary buildings, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deter orat on of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SITE RECOMMENDED WeSt Eleventh The two ohotos below demonstrate appropriate site treatments: the relationship of the house to the grounos; appropriate scale and materials for paths leading to the house; original limestone retaining walls: and well-olaced landscaping features that are scaled [o corn 31iment and frame the house. NOT RECOMMENDED The orominent siting of this home has been compromised by inappropriate and poony maintained fencing, and the insertion of landscaping features that are ~mproperly sited and scaled in relation to the house, creating a visual barrier. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f West Eleventh DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING - RESIDENTIAL The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transpodation. Streets were narrow and paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the more urban areas of Jackson Park, Old Main, and Cathedral districts, housing patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to sheds, carriage houses, or garages at the back or side of the property. With the coming of the automobile, these structures were increasingly converted to or replaced by garages. The West 11th Street District contains a combination of freestanding house on large lots and high density "urban" development. The density and the topography required that parking and access be located at the rear of the property along alleys, or less frequently in the slope of the steep terrain. Curb cuts, driveways, and visible parking are inconsistent with the historic character of the district, and should be avoided. New drives and parking should respect the historic precedents. Within the districts the traditional paving materials should be saved and restored.. The insertion of new curb cuts and parking--both garages and driveways--should be kept to a minimum. RECOMMENDED · Preservation of driveways and their original designs, materials, and placements · Materials for new drives that are consistent with the historic materials, including crushed-limestone aggregate concrete and brick pavers. · Parking areas located near the rear of the property, and screened with landscaping when visible from the street. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access to garages from side or rear of property. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new semi-circular or drive-thru drive designs in front yards. · Demolition of an existing secondary structure for the creation of a new garage. · InSertion of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary facade of the primary structure. -Insertion of gravel or dirt drives, which Violates City codes. · Insertion of new drives or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from the street(s). *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001. West Eleventh DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING RECOMMENDED Public parking with an adequate'setback, decorative fencing, and appropriate plantings for screen ng New and histonc garages inserted at the rear of the property on the alley (left), or integrated into the slope of the terrain (right). NOT RECOMMENDED At left the parking lot is prominently located at a corner, it does not respect the setback of the neighboring building, The horizontal rail fence and minimal landscaping does little to blend it into its Surroundings or hide it from pubic view At right a carport is placed prominently in the front of the property. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS Sidewalks throughout the Cathedral District were either wood plank in their earliest form, which was later replaced with brick pavers in different patterns, or poured concrete, with a crushed limestone aggregate. A historic hexagonal concrete paver was noted in limited quantities in the Langworthy, Old Main, and Cathedral Districts: It is currently City policy to remove and replace these materials during new construction, either with broom finish poured concrete or, more recently, stained concrete pave~*s or stained and stamped concrete. Preservation and replication of any of the historic masonry materials for sidewalks would be appropriate in the Cathedral district and adjacent neighborhoods, and is the recommended treatment. Substitute materials can be considered for issues of cost and code compliance, however. Limestone was the traditional curb material throughout the city. As with the sidewalks, it has been City policy to remove and replace these curbs with Poured concrete cUrbs and gUtte~ ~s RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original historic paving and limestone curbing materials where they su~ive particularly in areas where the curbing has a substantial visual impacton the vew from the street. · Materials for new sidewalks and crosswalks that are consistent with the historic materials, suCh as brick pavers and crushed-limestone aggregate concrete. · Replacement of deteriorated limestone curbs with new limestone. · New sidewalks that restore the historic width of the walkways, where contemporary usages and City codes allow. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original paving, such as colored concrete pavers and stamped and/or stained concrete.* · Substitute materials that simulate the original limestone curbing in color, texture, and shape, such as strmght curbs of tinted concrete poured With a textured form liner (preferred option) .* · As a last resort, straight curbs of limestone.colored stained concrete may be used.* they deteriorate, or when they interfere wth street or utility repairs. Limestone is recommended I use as a straight Curb material in these areas due to its historic presence~ b~ a.ternate mater a s maY ~0~ andbe ~onsideredin~easedfOr ease ~ maidtenance,:.. ~;~,. reduced dura~,,,~y. . *Review with PSD and HPC , RECOMMENDED · Removal of historic curbs and gutters without an appropriate replacement. · Use of pebble-surface concrete sidewalks. · Use of aspha t for a paving material on Sidewalks. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 WeSt Eleventh SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS RECOMMENDED Limestone curbs in historic photo (above), These survive rather sporadically due to the City's replacement policy. They should be maintained whenever possible. An exam ~le of the surviving two-tone hexagona~ pavers on 3r~ Street is shown at left. The color, Texture, s~ze~ and overall scale of these sidewalks should be re~)licated in new constructien in the district, if possible. paving and mestone ~ggregat~': ~6~rete,(foregrobnd) ACCEPTABL :RNATES Concrete pavers Stam STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS Any addition or removal of ground material on the property is considered to be a change in grade. As a general rule this should be avoided. Such changes generally result in the alteration of the visual character of the property, and also may damage the site and its structures through erosion or improper drainage. Every residential historic distric! exhibited some form of retaining wall constructed from large, rough-hewn blocks of the local limestone. These retaining walls are characteristic, of Dubuque, and the massive examples seen in the Cathedral, Jackson Park, and West 11th Street districts represent one of the city's most distinctive features. Smaller scale versions are common for individual properties, and groups of properties, throughout the districts. As with the curbs and gutters, limestone retaining walls have been replaced in some areas with new poured concrete versions, The historic walls should be retained and repaired ~vhere they exist, and neTM Wals should be ~i~it with the same finish materials asthe historio ~Iis, GRADE CHANGES RECOMMENDED .Minor changes in grade that will improve drainage of a site, or that will serve to direct moisture away frome structure. · Minor changes in grade for the purpose of site or landscape improvements or restoration. GRADE CHANGES NOT RECOMMENDED · Changes in grade that obscure or conceal portions of the primary structure. · Changes in grade that may have an adverse effect on the site's structures, or neighboring structures through the redirection of moisture or storm water. · Changes in grade that have an impact on the character of the streetscape or the relationship of the buildings to their sites. RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED oldentifylng and preserving historic limestone retaining walls. · Constructing new retaining walls that replicate the size, scale, and materials of-the historic limestone walls. RETAI:NING WALLS NOT RECOMMENDED · Damaging or removing an historic retaining wall that can be salvaged or rePaired · Constructing new retaining walls, of pOured concrete, railroad ties, or standard concrete block. - STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED West Eleventh Historic limestone retaining walls are common in Dubuque, and define its character. Every effort should be made to preserve them where they exist, and to replicate them ~n new construction. NOTRECOMMENDED Large poured concrete retaining wall is incompatibl~ in its form, materials, and finish Railroad tie retaining ~alls are not a Substitute mateda s ~enot match the co or, texture and scale.bfi~e orig na mes~n~ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh FENCES AND GATES Every residential area of the' historic districts exhibited some form of Iow historic fanes and/or gate. The high density of the residential areas combined with the complexities of the local topography limited fences primarily to large, flat plots, usually those of the larger upper class homes. Elaborate wrought and cast iron examples were common on the larger properties constructed in the latter half of the nineteenth centuG, in the Jackson Park, West 11th Street, and Cathedral districts. These were often erected atop a limestone retaining wall that served as a base, and several examples survive in good condition. More utilitarian mesh-type fences--precursors to modern chain link--also are visible in these areas, although they survive less frequently. In the Langworthy and southern Cathedral districts simple wooden picket fences and gates, and wooden balustrade style fences were a popular choice for larger homes or groups of properties~ option, but this material is incompatible with the historic character of [he districts. Original fences shod!d be preserved a6d repaired where they ~x~ and new fence~ ~hOuld be based upon histbriO protgtypes Wheq~ possible. RECOMMENDED ,Identification and preservation of original cast and wrought iron fences and gates. · Replication and installation of new fences based upon identified historic prototypes. · Replication and installation of different types of historic fences for different exposures, based upon identified prototypes. · New fences that are sensitive to historic precedents in their scale, transparency, color, and materials. · Fences that are in compliance with City codes. · Installation of privacy fences at the rear of the property only. · Removal of inappropriate chain link or privacy fences. · Installation of the same appropriate material for fences wherever they occur on the property, unless different historic materials are extant. · Installation of fences with the decorative face presented to the public way. · Planting of windbreaks or hedgerows to function as a privacy "fence" on Primary facades, where adequate historic documentation exists. NOT RECOMMENDED · New fences constructed of chain link, horizontal board, split rails, plastic, concret6 block or other solid masonry. · Fences that are not in compliance with City codes. · Pri~acy fences that are set forward of the rear wall of the structure, or that are prominently visible from the street(s). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200~ FENCES AND GATES - Wood RECOMMENDED WeSt Eleventh STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Metal RECOMMENDED West Eleventh NOT RECOMM EN STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' West Eleventh AMENITIES - RESIDENTIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Where evidence for historic features is available, an effort should be made to replicate them in newer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance .and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of existing historic features, such as .~Jtching posts, benches or other seating, trash receptacles, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should be documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for neW features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in coi~temporary materials and finishes to increase durability, Note that amenities such as benches and signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that ~reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic districts. · Installation of amenities purchased through the City, or through the City's suppliers, for use on private property. · One group or party should be responsiblerfor the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED areas in residential and commercial areas of the districts. In the more residential areas of the district ~ 'Removal or destruct on of ex sting historic features, either deliberately or through I deferred maintenance. it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles, and possibly planters in ,Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that arcnet residential areas as wel. for pub c benefit. To minimze the costs Of maintenance and coordinated with the features recommended bythe Guideines. i'e~laCement for the City, .it. is advisab e to ut ize -Benches and waste receptacles composed largely or ent re y of smooth or pebble, one or two styles for ..ali :-features throughout the faced concrete or plastic. · historic distr ct~ and the r ne ghbor ng areas 'InStallation of features ~that do not meet current City codes. I STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200~ AMENITIES RECOMMENDED New strap iron bench at 3rd and Main Bench, planter and lighting at Cable Car Square , WeStEleVenth Detail of planter ano licit Detail ~f §trap:iron 1~:81~¢h at:Cable Cai squ~ "Central Park" s!yle bench Historic property marker/hitching p~st STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh SIGNS AND GRAPHICS The commercial areas of the historic districts including all of the Old Main district and the central and southern portion of the Cathedral district near Cable Car Square have exhibited a wide array of signs from the late nineteenth century through the present day. Few examples from the nineteenth century survive, but there is photographic evidence for signage on Main Street throughout the twentieth century. It is desirable that new signs attempt to reference the historic signs of the early twentieth century in is size, scale, style, and c01ora~ion, but substitute materials are acceptable for the purposes of increased durability. Several examples of appropriate signs can be seen in Cable Car Square. The West 11th Street District is pi'imarily residential in Character; and there is little evidence for historic signs in this area. New signs introduced for businesses should follow the models identified for the historic commercial areas in the above- mentioned districts. RECOMMENDED · All signs should follow regulations outlined in City ordinances. · Identification, repair, and preservation of existing signs from the first half of the twentieth ceotury or earlier. · Identification and preservation of signs from the 1950s and 1960s, where appropriate. · Signs constructed of traditional and historic materials such as carved and painted wood, cast bronze, or painted metal. · Signs that replicate or reference historic signs in their style, scale, and materials. · Signs that replicate symbols or Iogos associated with the business, product or trade. · Coordination of sign colors with overall scheme of building exterior. · Placement of signs at traditional locations suc. h as storefront belt courses, upper fa~:ade walls, hanging or mounted in~ii:le the windows, or projecting from the face of the building. NOT RECOMMENDED · Rerhoval or destructiOn:of historic signs either through deliberate action or neglecL · Signs that are out of scale with the building,- and with neighboring buildihgs a~td signs. · Signs of inappropriate materials, such as plastic or vinyl. · in~rti°n or attachment of signs in such a wayas to inflict damage to the building, · Internally lit signs. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 20011 SIGNS AND GRAPHICS RECOMMENDED Contemporary signs, hangers, and points of placement in Cable Car Square, reflecting the recommended style, sca~e, materials, and appearance for sign features in the district, West Eleventh circa 1880 Historic sign variants on Main Street Circa 1915 Circa ' 960 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh WAYFINDING FEATURES The nature and appearance of street signs and wayfinding materials are determined to a certain extent by code. The size, shape, and graphics of street signs may not be altered ~ certain instances. However, the City has recently installed decorative s~gnposts in the area around the City Hall. It is recommended that this type of post, or a variant of it, be used for new signs. Kiosks and information boards are not historic features of Dubuque, but they are ~mportant assets in serving both the local population and visitors to the city. New wayfinding materials should be in keeping with the style, materials and colors established for other public amenities such as benches and waste receptacles. It may be desirable to alter the wayfindir~g materials slightly in color, material, or style for each district as a means of clearly separating and defining them according to their historic character. Banners or other gateway markers may be ~esii-al~le as a means of, defining each district. Historic examples are recorded in photographs, and.these should berep ica~e'd or referenced RECOMMENDED · Maintain a consistency of style, color, and scale in all wayfinding features to contribute to the overall-historic character of each district in general, and the amenities in particular. · Maintain a consiStency in style of text and graphics within each district, or within the districtsas a whole. · Decorative signposts that reference historic street features. · New gateways or banners that are consistent with the styles, colors, and 'materials selected for each district'S wayfinding materials, or for the districts in general. NOT RECOMMENDED · New signs, kiosks or boards that are incompatible with the other streetscape amenities. · New wayfinding materials that are out of scale with the surrounding buildings and streetscape, or with the other streetscape amenities. · Installation of wayfinding materials in such a manner as to disrupt or block critical vistas or views. · Installation of wayfinding features in such a way as to damage existing historic streetsCape materials, Or ~he surrounding structures. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 WAYFINDING FEATURES RECOMMENDED West Eleventh Contemporary marker for Cable Car Square incorporating historic fencing and typical retaining wall materials '~L~iqpl new, street sign w th dec(~mltive post use(lin Cable Car Square area STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 West Eleventh STREET LIGHTING Several examples of historic lighting in the Old Main district are recorded in historic photographs, and several examples of street light fixtures dating from the early twentieth century have been preserved and reused in the downtown area. It is not feasible to retrofit these fixtures for continued use throughout the downtown due to problems of repair and long-term maintenance. Recently the City has installed new street lighting posts in the downtown, and they would like to continue using this style fOr durability and ease of maintenance. Street lights may represent another area where districts can express their historic character through differing styles, materials, or colors of lamp posts and globes. This will need to be balanced with issues of cost and upkeep for the CitY. RECOMMENDED · Preservation, repair and reuse of original fixtures whenever possible. · Documentation and storage of historic fixtures for reference or protected Usage. · New lighting that is c~nsistent with the hiStoric lighting in its scale,, style, materials, arid colors. · New lighting that is installed at a height appropriate for the streetscape, · Purchase and use of City-approved lighting fixtures by private property owners for installation on their property. · Consider cOlor-cOrrected metal halide lighting to provide better color rendition of the historic materials. NOT RECOMMENDED · Destruction or removal of existing historic light fixtures that can be salvaged'or repaired. · Installation of new lighting in such as way as to block key vistas or views. · Installation of lighting in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape elements, or surrounding buildings. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 STREET LIGHTING RECOMMENDED ~WeSt Eleventh New light installed by the City in,Old Main and Cathedral Districts NOT RECOMMENDED Detail of new lighting Historic photo showing original gas lights Contemporary photo showing historic lighting reinstalled on Historic showing specialty lighting for chemiSi shop io ~he shaPe of ~'~[ar and STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f West Eleventh YARD AND PARK FEATURES The historic districts contain a large percentage of green space scattered threugnout in the form of private yards and public parks, most notably Jackson Park and Washingtor~ Park Historic documentation has allowed for the recreation of the pathways and pergola in Washington Park. and similar documentation is available for Jackson Park. It is desirable that this park be restored to its appearance rn the early twentieth century. This does not preclude the ~nsertion of contemporary outdoor scuipture or outdoor installations in these spaces, however, There is no large public park space identified in this district, but some property owner or local groups may chose to install amenities such as planters or statuary in the public way. These will require maintenance, and should be selected to complement the character of the district. Yard space that is on private property is not generally regulated by the City, It is recommended that private property owners remain aware of the views of the r property fi~e.m the public way, and to ma~htain these views in a n3anner that s consistent, with the historic character'~;'their district. RECOMMENDED · Restoration of public parks and greenspaces to their original layout and landscaping plans (if appropriate), including the restoration or recreation of pergolas or grandstands, · Evaluation of later changes to public parks and greenspaces to determine their historic sign~icar~e, · Installation of amenities and wayfinding materials in publicgreenspaces ~hat are in keeping with the rest of that district. · Maintaining private proPerty that is visible from the pub ic way in a manner that is in keeping v~ith the~ historic character of the district. · Installation Of public sculpture or other displays of outdoor art in public greenspaces. · Installation of artwork on publicly-visible private property that is in keeping with the scale of its surroundings. · Installation of fountains or other water features on publicly-visible private, that is keeping with the scale and character of the surrounding streetscape. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal of any existing historic landscaping or park feature. · Installation of new features on public greenspaces that dO not respect the scaieor character of their surrounding district. -In,~tallation of new artwork, fountains, or pergo es, etc p~i~:erty that does not respect the scale . STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 LANDSCAPING Some photographic evidence exists for the various forms of landscaping that have existed in the historic districts over time. These schemes may not be appropriate for restoration. Landscaping in the historic districts will be guided largely by the existing landscaping ordinance, which designates tree and shrub species, sizes, and appropriate locations on public and private property. Where evidence of a historic iandSCape feature exists, and can contribute to the historic character of the district, efforts should be made to preserve or restore these features. Such work should be carried out with the consultation of the City Forester to ensure that it meets the City ordinance and does not pose a threat to the health of the surrounding landscape, or the safety of the public. West Eleventh RECOMMENDED · Identification, preservation, and restoration of historic landscape features whenever possible. · New landscaping~that meets the requirements,of the landscaping ordinance. · Restoration, or recreation of landscaping features that have local historical or cultural significance for the district or the city in general. · Pr~eserve and maintain mature trees, replacing them when they become diseased or die. NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new landscaping features that may pose a hazard to the health of surrounding landscape features, or to public safety, · Installation of new landscape features that will contribute to the deterioratiOn of nearby structures or streetscape features. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 LANDSCAPING RECOMMENDED West Eleventh Landscaping is in appropriate scale to compliment and frame the structure without blocking the view of its details or inflicting damage to the house, Replant historic street trees along major thoroughfares, as shown in this photo of Loras Bouldevard, c. 1880. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 UTILITIES The standard procedures for utilities govern the size, appearance, and location of their services. It is recommended that an attempt be made to provide more inconspicuous service boxes in the historic districts, either through the modification of the covers, or the location of the boxes themselves. Existing electrical service runs above groUnd, creating a network of wires over the streets and the historic properties. The City may consider the option of burying utilities on all new construction and on all repairs in the historic districts. West Eleventh RECOMMENDED · New utility boxes that are less invasive n the r appearanceand/ortheir I°~ation. · Burying all new or upgraded utility serve to reduce the number of overbuild lines in the historic distribts. ),,"~e~,~=D,,,,,,~,,,.,~ NOT REC( opl'~acing utility service boxes in ~pen areas~that are street, as seen below. ~ntly visible LANGWORTHY DISTRICT STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f Langworthy SETTING AND SITE SETTING -The building setting is the area or environment in which an historic property is found. It may be an urban or suburban neighborhood or a natural landscape in which a building has been constructed. The elements of setting, such as the relationship of buildings to one another, prope~y setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways ahd walkways, together with street trees and ott~'er landscaping features create the character of a neighborhood or district. Historic of [ne 11m Street Elevator showing the of [ne 11~n Street Historic District. The area is largely defined by the geography of the bluffs, in combination building lots, mass~ve ~11, the elevator and the variety of mature ~ on both public and :)rivate properties. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the setting, such as roads and Streets, furnishings and fixtures, natural or topographic features and key Views or vistas. · Retain'historicrelation~hip between buildings, between buildings and streets, and between bud ngs and andscape features. · E~aluate condition and integrity Of existing landscape and streetscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any streetscape or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the district. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and setting features through inappropriate new construction of streets, parking lots, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 ~ rangworthy SETTING RECOMMENDED This historic photo of Loras Boulevard in the 1880s shows the continuity of the architectural row as it steps do~n the'~hill. Even though the structUres a~ri~ of different styles, the ~niformity!bf setl~ack, the ~pres~hce ~:[ limestone retaining wall~i Iow~fenC~s, and mature street trees at the limest~ ,ne curbs ties the architectural elements together. Every effort should be made to bury power lines :and to preserve mature historic sidewalks; a~ retaining walls. Compare the historic photo at right, and the photo from 1987 at lefb The widening of the street with the loss of Wide sidewalk and street ~lus the insertio~ of overhead power lines has radically altered the c.~,~.~o~,,.o.~o,~ character of the view. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langworthy SETTING AND SITE SITE - The landscape surrounding a historic building and contained within an individual parcel of land is considered the building site. The site, including all of its associated features, contributes to the overall character of the property. As a result, the relationship between the building and the landscape' features within the site's boundaries should be considered in the overall pianning of rehabilitation work. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the site, such as sidewalks and paths, furnishings, light fixtures, sculpture, water features, natural or topographic features, and potential archaeological resources, · Retain histc)ric relationship between buildings and secondary structures, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing buildings and landscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance~ and long-term protect on ~J~these features NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any building or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of, the. site. · Failing to maintain:~he historic relationship of build 'ngs and landscape features'~ir°u~h inappropriate new constr[~ct on*~f streets, pathways, parking lots 'Secondary buildingS, or bud ng inflll. ~ of existing features throiJgh inadequate protection or maintenahce. · Removal and replacement:of exist ng h stor c features w th rtew, materials when or gna s Can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SITE RECOMMENDED The two photos below demonstrate appropriate site treatments: the relationship of the house to the property; Iow transparent fencing, the correct scale and materials paths and drives leading to the house, we ntegrated parking, and correctly scaled and placed landscaping features. Langworthy NOT RECOMMENDED The photo to the right is an example of a site that has been altered in such a, way that it is incompatible with the surrounding sites in the o0d. It of iime-ston~ in historic 'district, esPecially in this residential setting. Thaokfully, vegetation has been recently restored· The oaguerreo[yDe image at right records the Octagon House in its early years, showing the relation of the house to the street. Iow picket fencing, ant immature trees as contributing elements of the site. Nstorlcal preservation district in l)ubl~q.e. From It lithogmphlc STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langwo hy DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation, Streets were narrow and paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all In the more urban areas of Jackson Park, Old Main, and Cathedral districts, housing patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to sheds, cardage~houSes, or garages at the back or side of.the property. With the coming of the automobile, these structures were increasingly converted to or replaced by garages. In the more suburban Langworthy District, garages and carports are integral to the lot. These are usually located at the side or rear of the main structure, and constructed to compliment the scale and materials of the house. Curb cuts and visible driveways are appropriate in this district, but should be undertaken in a manner that respects the size, scale, and materials of the historic precedents. Within the districts the traditional paving ~aterials I should be saved and restored. The insertion oK new curb cuts and parking~both garages and driveways~shou d be ke~i~t~ a m n mum RESIDENTIAL RECOMMENDED · Preservation of driveways and their original designs, materials, and placements. · Materials for new drives that are consistent with the historic materials, inCluding crushed-limestoneaggregate concrete and brick pavers. · Parking areas located near the rear of the property, and screened with landscaping When visible from the street. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access to garages from Side or rear of property. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new semi-circular or drive-thru drive designs in front yards. · Demolition of an existing secondarystructure for the creation of a new garage · InSertion of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary facade of theprimary structure · Insertion of gravel or dirt drives, which violates City codes. · InSertion of new drives or parking areas without provis on of proper landscape screening from the street(s). *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langwo hy DRIVES, PARKING LOTS, PAVING - COMMERCIAL The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied largely on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation Streets originally were paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the downtown areas of Old Main, West 11th Street, and the southern end of the Cathedral districts, construction patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to the back of the property. Due to the overwhelmingly residential character of this district, commercial drives and parking Iotsthe Langworthy District are inconsistent with the historic character, and should be avoided. If large parking areas are required for commercial purposes, these should be hidden at the rear of the property, or in some way screened from public view. RECOMMENDED · Location of new parking lots for commercially-used houses, churches, apartments, schools in the rear of the properties. · Screening parking areas at corner lots with landscaping on both streets. · Aligning new pai:i~ing areas on vacant lots with the front edge of the adjacent property to allow for a proper landscaping screen. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. ,Access for delivery from f~he side or rear of property. · Preservation and repair of brick paving where existing. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Demolition of an exiSting, primary or secondary structure for the creatipn of lng'areas of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary fa~adeof nary structure, · insertion of new drives .or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from street. *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING RECOMMENDED Langworthy Public parking with an adequate setback, decorative fencing and appropriate plantings for screening NOT RECOMMENDED Appropriate placement, scale, style, and materials for parking areas and structures, both in the form of a garage, and a porte-cochere At left the parking lot is prominently located at a corner it does not respect the setback of the neighboring building The horizontal rail fence and minimal landscaping do, es little to blend it into it~ surroundings or hide it ~from pubic view At right a ,: carport is placed prominently in the front of the property. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ ' Langworthy SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS Sidewalks throughout the Cathedral District were either wood plank in their earliest form, which was later replaced with brick pavers in different patterns, or poured concrete with a crushed limestone aggregate. A historic hexagonal concrete paver was noted in limited quantities in the Langworthy, Cid Main, and Cathedral Districts. It is currently City policy to remove and replace these materials during new construction, either with broom finish poured concrete o~ more recently, stained concrete pavers or stained and stamped concrete. Preservation and replication of any of the historic masonry materials for sidewalks would be appropriate in the Cathedral district and adjacent neighborhoods, and is the recommended treatment. Substitute materials Can be considered for issues of cost and code compliance, however. Limestone was the traditional curb material throughout the city. As with the sidewalks, it has been City policy to remove and replace these curbs with poured concrete curbs and g~:ttem ~s they deteriorate, or when they interfere with street er utility repairs. Limestone is recommended for use as a straight Curb material in these areas due to its historic presencei b~t alternate materials may be Considered for ease ~Of~; ~aintenance reduced ~0§[ ~nd in~eased d~ra~iii,i~, RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original historic paving and limestone curbing materials where they sLlrvive, particularly in areas where the curbing has a substantial visual impact:0n the vew from the street · Materials for new sidewalks and crosswalks that are consistent with the 'historic materials, such as brick pavers and crushed,limestone aggregate concrete. · Replacement of deteriorated limestone curbs with new limestone, · New sidewalks that restore the historic width of the walkways, where contemporary usages and City codes allow. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original paving, such as colored concrete pavers and stamped and/or stained concrete.* · Substitute materials that simulate the original limestone curbing in color, texture, and shape, such as straight curbs of tinted concrete poured with a textured form liner (preferred option) 2' · As a last resort, straight curbs of limestone.colored stained concrete may be used.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal of historic curbs and gutters without an appropr ate rep acement · Use of pebble-surface concrete sidewalks. · Use of asphalt for a paving material on sidewalks. *Review with PSD and Fi PC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langworthy SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS RECOMMENDED Limestone curbs in historic photo (above). These survive rather sporadically due to the City's replacement policy. They should be maintained whenever possible. An example of the surwving two-tone hexagona~ pavers on 3ra Street is shown at left. The color, texture, size, and overall scale of these s dewalks should be replicated in new construction in the disirict, if 0ossible. A( !RNATES Th~e types ~nd pattern,~ paving an~t limestone ~ Concrete pavers Stamped concrete STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001. Langworthy GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS Any addition or removal of ground material on the property is considered to be a change in grade. As a general rule this should be avoided. Such changes generally result in the alteration of the visual character of the property, and also may damage the site and its structures through erosion or improper drainage. Every residential historic district exhibited some form of retaining wall constructed from large, rough-hewn blocks of the local limestone; These retaining walls are characteristic of Dubuque, and the massive examples seen in the Cathedral, Jackson Park, and West 11th Street districts represent one of the city's most distinctive features. Smaller scale versions are common for individual properties, and groups of prOperties, GRADE CHANGES RECOMMENDED · Minor changes in grade that will improve drainage of a site, or that will:serve to direct moisture away frorrl a structure. · Minor changes in grade.for the purpose of site or landscape improvements or restoration. GRADE CHANGES NOT RECOMMENDED --~ · Changes in grade that obscure or conceal portions of the primary structure. · Changes in grade that n~ay have an adverse effect onthe site's structures, or neighb0ring Structures through the redirection of moisture or storm water. · Changes in gradethat have an impact on the character of the streetscape or the relationship of the buildings to their sites. RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED · Identifying and preserving historic limestone retaining walls. · Constructing new retaining wallsthat replicate the size, scale, and materials of the historic limestone walls. RETAINING WALLS NOT RECOMMENDED the districts. ~ ~ g As with the curbs and gutters, limestone retainin¢ walls have been replaced in some areas with new poured concrete verS:iOnSdThe hii~toric walls should be te~ained and re~aire~ Where they exist and ne~ ~alls Should be 6~i~: ~th the same finish mai~rialsaS:th~ histbric~waiiSl : ;ling or remov ng an historic retaining wa that can be sa va · Constructing new retaining walls of poured concrete, railroad ties, concrete block. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED Langworthy Historic limestone retaining wal~s are common m Dubuque, and define its character. Every effort should be maoe tO preserve them where they exist, and to replicate them in new construction. NOT RECOMMENDED Large poured concrete retaining wall is incompatiblb in its form, materials, and finish Railroad tie retaimng walls are not a Substitute materials do not match the co or texture, and scale.~f.the original lim~e~tbi~e walls STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langwo hy FENCES AND GATES Every residential area of the historic districts exhibited some form of iow historic fences and/or gate. The high density of the residential areas combined with the complexities of the local topography limited fences primarily to large, flat plots, usually those of the larger upper crass homes. Elaborate wrought and cast iron examples were common on the larger properties constructed in the latter half of the nineteenth centu~ in the Jackson Park, West 11~h Street, ahd Cathedral districts. These were often erected atop a limestone retaining wall that served as a base, and several examples survive in good condition. More utilitarian mesh-type fences--precursors to modern chain link--also are visible in these areas, although they survive less frequently. In the Langworthy and southern Cathedral districts simple wooden picket fencing and gates, and wooden balustrade style fences were a popuJar choice for larger homes or groups of properties, After 1945 chain link became a popUlar:fencing option, but this material is incompatible With the historic character of the,districts. Original fences = sho~!d be preserved ~: repaired Where they ~istl and hew fence~ §~0uld be based Upon histbric prototypes When~t poss b e RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original cast and wrought iron fences, and gates. · Replication and~installation of new fences based upon identified historic prototypes. · Replication and installation of different types of historic fences for different exposures, based upon identified prototypes. · New fences that are sensitive to historic precedents in their scale, transparency, color, and materials. · Fences that are in compliance with City codes. · Installation of privacy fences at the rear of the property only. · Removal of inappropriate chain link or privacy fences. · Installation of the same appropriate material for fences wherever they occur on the property, unless different historic tn~terials are extant. · Installation of fences with the decorative face presented to the public way. · Planting of windbreaks or hedgerows to function as a privacy "fence'.' on primary, facades, whe~eadequate h stor c documentation exists. NOT RECOMMENDED · New fences constructed of chain link horizontal board, split rails, plastic, concrete block or other solid masonry. · Fences that are not in compliance With City Codes. · 'Privacy fences that are set forward of the rear wall of the structure, or that are prominently visible from the street(s). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' FENCES AND GATES - Wood RECOMMENDED ~.a.gwor~.y STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Metal RECOMMENDED Lan gworthy NOT RE( STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001. Langwo~hy AMENITIES - RESIDENTIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items suc.h as benches or other forms of seating, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Where evidence for histbric features is available, an effort should be made to replicate them in newer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial area~ 0f t~e districts. In the more residential areas of th~ district it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles, and possibly planters in residential areas a~ we! for public benefit; To m qimize the cOSts maintenar~Ce and ~bPi~men~ for the Cirri ii is advisable to utilize one or two styles for ~i~ features throughout the historic diStriCtS and fhei~¢~g'hboring areas. RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of existing historic features, such as hitching posts, benches or other seating, trash receptacles, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should i~e documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for new features. .New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporary materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities such as benches and signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic districts. · Installation of amenities purchased thrOugh the City, or through the City's suppliers, for use on private property. · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. · Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines, · Benches and waste receptacles compOSed largely or entirely of smooth or pebble. faced concrete or plastic. · Installation of features that do not meet current City codes. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001~ AMENITIES RECOMMENDED New strap iron bench at 3rd and Main Bench, planter and lighting at Cable Car Square Langwo~hy Detail of planter and light Detail of Strap iron b~h at Cable Car square "Central Park" style bench Historic property marker/h tch ng post STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langworthy SIGNS AND GRAPHICS The commercial areas of the historic districts including all of the Old Main district and the central and southern portion of the Cathedral district near Cable Car Square have exhibited a wide array of signs from the late nineteenth century through the present day. Few examples from the nineteenth century survive, but there is photographic evidence for signs on Main Street throughout the twentieth century. It is desirable that new signs attempt to reference the historic signs of the early twentieth century in is size, scale, style, and coloration, but substitute materials are acceptable for the purposes of increased durability. Several examples of appropriate signs can be seen in Cable Car Square. The Langworthy District is primarily residential in character, and there is little evidence for historic signs in this area. New signs introduced for businesses should follow the models identified for the historic commercial areas in the above- mentioned districts. RECOMMENDED · All signs should follow regulations outlined in City ordinances. · Identification, repair, and preservation of existing signs from the first half of the t~ventieth century or earlier. · Identification and preservation of signs from the '1950s and 1960s, where appropriate. · Signs constructed of traditional and historic materials such as carved and painted wood, cast bronze, or painted metal. · Signs that replicate or reference historic signage in their style, scale, and materials. · Signs that replicate symbols or Iogos associated with the business, product or trade. · Coordination of sign colors with overall scheme of building exterior. · Placement of signs at traditional locations, such as storefront belt courses, upper fa~:ade walls, hanging or mounted inside the windows, or projecting from the face of the building. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of historic signage either through deliberate action or neglect. · Signs that are out of scale with the building, and with neighboring buildings and signs. · S!gns of inappropriatematerials, such as plastic or vinyl. · Insertion or attachment of signs in such a way asto inflict damage to the building. · Internally lit signs. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SIGNS AND GRAPHICS RECOMMENDED Contemporary signs, hangers, and points of placement in Cable Car Square, reflecting the recommended style, scale, materials, and appearance for sign features in the district. Langwo~hy Circa 1880 Historic sign variants on Main Street Circa 1915 Circa 1960 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' Langworthy WAYFINDING FEATURES The nature and appearance of street signs and wayfinding materials are determined to a certain extent by code. The size, shape, and graphics of street signs may not be altered in certain instances. However, the City has recently installed decorative signposts in the area around the City Hall. It is recommended that this type of post, or a variant of it, be used for new signs. Kiosks and information boards are not historic features of Dubuque, but they are important assets in serving both the local population and visitors to the city. New wayfinding materials should be in keeping with the style, materials and colors established for other public amenities such as benches and waste receptacles. It may be desirable to alter the wayfinding materials slightly in color, material, or sty!e for eabh distriCt as a means of clearly separating and defining them according to their historic character. be l Banners or other gateway markers may desirable as a means ~f defining each district. Historic examples are recorded in phOtographs, and these should be rep!i~ted or referenced. RECOMMENDED · Maintain a consistency of style, color, and scale in all wayfinding features to contribute to the overall historic character of each district in general, and the amenities in particular. · Maintain a consistency in style of text and graphics within each district, or within the districts as a whole. · Decorative signposts that reference historic street features. · New gateways or banners that are consistent with the styles, colors, and materials selected for each district's wayfinding materials, or for the districts in general. NOT RECOMMENDED · New signs, kiosks or boards that are incompatible with the other streetscape amenities. · New wayfinding materials that are out of scale with the surrounding buildings and streetscape, or with the other streetscape amenities. · Installation of wayfinding materials in such a manner as to disrupt or block critical vistas or views. · Installation of wayfinding features in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape materials, or the surrounding structures. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 WAYFINDING FEATURES RECOMMENDED Langwo~hy Contemporary marker for Cable Car Souare incorporating historic fencing and typical retaining wall materials Typical new street sign with decorative post used in Cable Car Square area STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langworthy STREET LIGHTING Several examples of historic lighting in the Old Main district are recorded in historic photographs, and several examples of street light fixtures dating from the eady twentieth century have been preserved and reused in the downtown area. It is not feasible to retrofit these fixtures for continued use throughout the downtown due to problems of repair and long-term maintenance. Recently the City has installed ~ew street lighting posts in the downtown, and they would like to continue using this style for durability and ease of maintenance. Street lights may represent another area where districts can express their historic character through differing styles, materials, or colors of lamp posts and globes. This will need to be balanced with issues ~f cost and upkeep for the City, RECOMMENDED · Preservation, repair and reuse of origi hal fixtures whenever possible. · Documentation and storage of historic fixtures for reference or protected usage. · New lighting that is consistent with the historic lighting in its scale, style, materials, and colors. · New lighting that is installed at a height appropriate for the streetscape. · Purchase and use of City-approved lighting fixtures by private property owners for installation on their property. · Consider color-corrected metal halide lighting to provide better color rendition of the historic materials. NOT RECOMMENDED · Destruction or removal of existing historic light fixtures that can be salvaged or repaired. · Installation of new lighting in such as way as to block key vistas or views. · Installation of lighting in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape elements, or surrounding buildings. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 STREET LIGHTING RECOMMENDED Langworthy New light installed bytheCity inOId Main and Cathedral Districts NOT RECOMMENDED Detail of new lighting Historic photo showing original gas lights Contemporary photo showing historic lighting reinstalled on Or[age in downtown Historic photo showing specialty lighting for chemist shoa in the shape of a mortar and pestle STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langworthy YARD AND PARK FEATURES The historic districts contain a large percentage of green space scattered throughout in the form of private yards and public parks, most notably Jackson Park and Washington Park. Historic documentation has allowed for the recreation of the pathways and pergola in Washington Park. and similar documentation is available for Jackson Park. It is desirable that this park be restored to its appearance in the early twentieth century. This does not preclude the insertion of contemporary outdoor sculpture or outdoor installations in these spaces, however. There is no large public park space identified in this district, but some property owner or local groups may chose to install amenities such as planters or statuary in the public way. These will require maintenance, and should be selected to complement the character of the district, Yard space that is on private property is not generally regulated by the City, It is recommended that private property owners remain aware of the views of their property from the public way, and to maintain these vtews in a manner that is consistent w th the h storic character of their district. RECOMMENDED · Restoration of public parks and greenspaces to their original layout and landscaping plans (if appropriate), including the restoration or recreation of pergolas or grandstands. · Evaluation of later changes to public parks and greenspaces to determine their historic significance. · Installation of amenities and wayfinding materials in public greenspaces that are in keeping with the rest of that district. · Maintaining private property that is visible from the public way in a manner that is in keeping with the historic character of the district. · Installation of public sculpture or other displays of outdoor art in public greenspaces. · Installation of artwork on publicly-visible private property that is in keeping with the scale of its surroundings. · Installation of fountains or other water features on publicly-visible private property that is keeping with the scale and character of the surrounding distriCt's streetscape. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal of any existing historic landscaping or park feature. · Installation of new features on public greenspaces that do not respect the scale or character of their surrounding district. · Installation of new artwork, fountains, or pergolas, etc. on publicly-v~slble private property that does not respect the scale or charaCter of the surrounding district. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Langwo hy LANDSCAPING Some photographic evidence exists for the various forms of landscaping that have existed in the historic districts over time. These schemes may not be appropriate for restoration. Landscaping in the historic districts will be guided largely by the existing landscaping ordinance, which designates tree and shrub species, sizes; and appropriate locations on public and private property. Where evidence of a historic landscape feature exists, and can contribute to the historic character of the district, efforts should be made to preserve or restore these features. Such work should be carried out with the consultation of the City Forester to ensure that it meets the City ordinance, and does not pose a threat to the health of the surrounding landscape, or the safety of the public. RECOMMENDED · Identification, preservatior~, and restoration of historic landscape features whenever possible. · New landscaping that meets the requirements of the landscaping ordinance. · Restoration or recreation of landscaping features that have local historical or cultural significance for the district or the city in general. · Preserve and maintain mature trees, replacing them when they become diseased or die. NOT RECOMMENDED olnsertion of new landscaping features that may pose a hazard to the health of surrounding landscape features, or to public safety. · Installation of new landscape features that will contribute to the deterioration of nearby structures or streetscape features. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 LANDSCAPING RECOMMENDED Landscaping is in appropriate scale to compliment and frame the structure without blocking the view of its details, or inflicting damage on the house. LangWorthy NOT RECOMMENDED Landscaping elements are overgrown or inappropriately sized, with the result that they block views of the house, and could possibly result in the deterioration of building materials. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 L a ngworthy UTILITIES The standard procedures for utilities govern the size, appearance, and location of their services. It is recommended that an attempt be made to provide more inconspicuous service boxes in the historic districts, either through the modification of the covers, or the location of the boxes themselves. Existing electrical service runs above greund, creating a network of wires over the streets and the historic preperties. The City may consider the option of burying utilities on all new construction, and on all repairs in the historic districts. RECOMMENDED · New utility boxes that are less invasive in their appearance and/or their location. · Burying all new or upgraded utility serve to reduce the number of overhead lines in the historic districts. NOT RECOMMENDED · Pl~cing utility service boxes in open areas that are prominently visible from the street, as seen below. CATHEDRAL DISTRICT STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral SETTING AND SITE SETTING -The building setting is the area or environment in which an historic property is found. It may be an urban or suburban neighborhood or a natural landscape in which a building has been constructed. The elements 0f setting, such as the relationship of buildings to one another, prope~y setbacks, fence patterns, . views, driveways and walkways, together with street trees 'and other landscaping features create the CharaCter of a neighborhood or district. Histdri, Cathedral sidewalks, way, at Fifth Street and Locust in ti3e The character of this area is geography of thebluffs, in features such as uniform development, concrete street trees in the right-of RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the setting, such as roads and ~treets, furnishings and fixtures, natural or topographic,features, and key Views or vistas. · ~ · Retain~historie. i:elationship between buildings, between buildings and streets,~tind between buildings and landscape features, · EValuate condition and integrity of existing landscape and streetscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any streetscape or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the district. · Failing to maintain the historic features through inapproPriat~e ne~v bon~truction of streets, or building infill. '- · Permitting damage or deteriorationof existing features through inadequate ,nance. · Removal and materials, When 6flginals can be listoric features with new: ~ ~,.:: · STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral SETTING RECOMMENDED The Fenelon Place Elevator at Fourth Street is one of the defining features of the district, and a significant part of'its history and of the history of Dubuque. Although its appearahce has been altered somewhat over time, it remains intact and functions today as the centerpiece of Cable Car Square. The Cathedral District is notable for its more "urban" character, as defined by the ~iXof COmmercial, public and rb~idential uses, as well as the higher density of development, resulting in residential version of the "streetwall". These features can. bee seen in both the hiStbric (left) and contemporary (right) photos of the West 'side of Bluff Street. Greenspaces are t~ighly visible features in several districts; Here Washington Pa~l~ inthe Cathedral Distriot ha's i:J~en revived and portions of its original landscaping features restored to their historic appearance, notably the gazebo in the center. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SETTING NOT RECOMMENDED A combination of insensi' urban renewal, r~ad construction, and: deferred maintenance have taken their toll on the once dense residential and commercial areas at the southern end of the district, Having lost their historic context, the surviving structures do not relate well to their new surroundings, and seem out of place. ~ Ca thedral Contemporary parking ots in the districts generally signify ihe loss of structures thai O,tr!buted to the overall etting and character of the area. The resulting gaps in the historic fabric havea negative visual impact, as in the case of the im posing Gteystone, seen at right, Which once dominated its block at the bluff base. It is now the site of a large parking lot (at 'left). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral SETTING AND SITE SITE - The landscape surroUnding a historic building and contained within an individual parcel of land is considered the building site. The site, including all of its associated features, contributes to the overall character of the property. As a result, the relationship between the building and the landscape, features within the site's boundaries should be cons dered in the overall p !anni~g of rehabilitation work. ' ' RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are ir~portant in defining the historic character of the site, such as sidewalks ai~d paths, furnishings, light fixtures, sculpture, water features, natural or topographic features, and potential archaeological resources. · Retain historic relationship between buildings and secondary struCtures, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing buildings and landscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, a'nd long-term prote~ction 6~these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any building or landscape element that contributes to the historic character~of site. ,'- ,Failing to maintain thehiStoric ~elafl0nshipof buildings and landscape features~through inappropriate streets, pathways, parking lots, secondary build)ng$,.or infill. · Permitfingd~mage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. materials, when orig STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SITE RECOMMENDED The relationship of the building'fa(;:ade to its iot~ te the street and the sidewalk, and to its neighbors helps define the n~ture of the building site. The two photos above show freestaddiiighames Clos. ely:sp~¢ed on small lots with small setbacks Whld~ is typical bf si~b. in:this d str ct A h stor c photo of the distriCt ~(i°wer right)indicates ;(hat there was tte room on the s res for more than a nun of fence along the front of the P~ope~ With Street trees placed in the right of Way. The restoration o1' t~0~e, features wOUld have a considerable viSual ir~pact On the res deni'~! ~91~t °ns of the district. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING - RESIDENTIAL RECOMMENDED The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation. Streets were narrow and paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the more urban areas of Jackson Park, Old Main, and Cathedral districts, housing patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to sheds, carriage*houses, or garages at the back or side of the property. With the coming of the automobile, these structures were increasingly converted to or replaced by garages. The insertion of driveways, parking areas, and curb cuts iN these districts is generally inconsistent with their historic character. Within the districts the traditional paving materials should be saved and restored. The insertion of new curb cuts and parking--both garages and driveways--should be kept to a minimum · Preservation of driveways and their origi hal designs, materials, and placements. · Materials for new drives~:.~hat are consistent with the historic materials, including crushed-limestone aggregate concrete and brick pavers. · Parking areas located near the rear of the property, and screened with landscaping when visible from the street. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access to garages from side or rear of property, ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · insertion of new semi-circular or drive-thru drive designs in front yards. · Demolition of an ex sting secondary structure for the creation of a new garage~ of a new drive ~r garage adjacent to or in front of the primary .facade of structure. · Insertion of new drives 'or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from the street(s). *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral DRIVES, PARKING LOTS, PAVING -COMMERCIAL The majority of the areas contained within the RECOMMENDED historic districts were platted in s period that relied largely on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as .Location of new parking lots for commerciallY-used houses, churches, the primary means of transportation. Streets apartments, schools in the rear of the properties. originally were paved with planks, and later with .Screening parkin.~ areasat corner lots with landscaping on both streets. pavers, if they were paved at all. In the downtown areas of Old Main, West 11th Street, and the -Aligning new parking areas on vacant lots with the front edge of the adjacent southern end of the Cathedral districts property to allow for a proper landscaping screen. construction patterns were dense, and rear alleys .Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures:for continued use. provided access to the back of the property. · Access for delivery fromlthe side or rear of property. · PreservatiOn andi~epair of brick paving where existing. The insertion of prominent driveways, curb cuts and parking lots in these areas of the district is ACCEPTABLE generally inconsistent with their historic character. Within the districts the traditional paving and .Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tli~ted materials should be saved and ~restored, and the asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain insertion of new curb cuts and parking kept to a asphalt.* minimum. NOT RECOMMENDED · Demolition of an exist ng primary or secondary structure for the creation of of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary fagade of structure. -Insertion of new drives or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from street, *ReView with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' DRIVEWAYS, PARKING LOTS, PAVING RECOMMENDED Public parking with an adequate setback, decorative fencing, and appropriate plantings for screening.' NOT RECOMMENDED Historic photo showing brick street paving, circa 1917. Contemporary parking lots (at left) in the districts create gaps in the : architectural fabricthat ative visual impact on a whole. At left the parking lot is prominently loCated at a corner, it does not raspect the setback of the neighboring bu, ilding and there is little to blend it ~nto its surrounding or hide it from pubic view with the fencing or landscapir~g. At right, the large open space of the parking lot interrupts the architectural row. Cathedral The density necessitates on-street parking for both commercial and residential structures. Garages are generally small and accessed from the rear of the property. Driveways, curb cuts, and visible garage structures in this area are ri.et approP¢iate'. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS Sidewalks throughout the Cathedral District were either wood plank in their earliest form, which was later replaced with brick pavers in different patterns, or poured concrete'with a crushed limestone aggregate. A historic hexagonal concrete paver was noted in limited quantities in the Langworthy, Old Main, and Cathedral Districts. It is currently City policy to remove and replace these materials during new construction, either with broom finish poured concrete or, mbre recently, stained concrete pavers or stained and stamped concrete, Preservation and replication of any of the historic masonry materials for sidewalks would be appropriate in the Cathedral District and adjacent neighborhoods, and is the recommended treatment. Substitute materials can be considered for issues of cost and code compliance, however. Limestone was the traditional curb material throughout the city. As with the' sidewalks, it has RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original historic paving and limestone curbing materials where they survive, particularly in areas where the curbing has a substant a v sual~ rnpact 6n the view from the street. · Materials fOr new sidewalks and crosswalks that are consistent with the historic materials, s~Ch aK brick pavers and crushed4imestone aggregate concrete~ · Replacement of deteriorated limestone curbs with new limestone. · New sidewalks that restore the historic width of the walkways, where contemporary usages and City codes allow. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original paving, such as colored concrete pavers and stamped and/or stained concrete.* · Substitute materials that simulate the original limestone curbing in color, texture, and shape, such as straight curbs of tinted concrete poured With a textured form liner (preferred option) .* been City policy to remove and replace these .As a last resort, straight curbs of limestone.colored stained concrete may be curbs with poured concrete curbs and gutters ~s I s~ they deteriorate, or when they interfere with street u .* or utility repairs. Limestone is recommended for, use as a straight curb material in these areas due: to its historic presence but alternate materials may be CC~nsidered for ease of/maintenance, reduced ~0~ and increased dbra~i:iity, NOT RECOMMEND ED · Removal of historic curbsand gutters without an appropriate replacement. · Use of pebble-surface co'ricrete sidewalks. , of asphalt for a paving material on sidewalks. · ReView with PSD and H PC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS RECOMMENDED Cathedral Th~e~ an~ limestone paving Historic two-tone hexagonal sidewalk pavers and contemporaryDroom-finished concrete. The latter ~s visually incompatible, andis not recommended, Limestone curbs in historic photo. These survive rather sporadically due to the City's rep~acemem policy. They shouldbe maintained whenever possible. ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATES Concrete pavers Sram ped cohcrete ~' STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS Any addition or removal of ground material on the property is considered to be a change in grade. As a general rule this should be avoided. Such changes generally result in the alteration of the visual character of the property, and also may damage the site and its structures through erosion or improper drainage. Every residential historic district exhibited some form of retaining wall constructed from large, rough-hewn blocks of the local limestone: These retaining walls are characteristic of Dubuque, and the massive examples seen in the Cathedral, Jackson Park, and West 11t? Street districts represent one of the city's most distinctive features. Smaller scale versions are common for individual ProPerties, and groups of prOperties, thr6~hOUt the districts. As with the curbs and gutters, limestbne ~etaining wails have been replaced in some areas with new poured concrete versionS; :~he historic walls should be :~etained and re~aire~:Where they exist, and new Wa s Shoud be ~Ui~wth the same finish: matbrials as:the histOri~;Wai!~; GRADE CHANGES RECOMMENDED · Minor changes in grade that will improve drainage of a site, or that will serve to direct moisture away fro~.a structure. · Minor changes in grade for the purpose of site or landscape improvements or restoration. GEADE CHANGES NOT RECOMMENDED ,Changes in grade that obscure or conceal portions of the primary structure. · Changes in grade that may have' an adverse effect on the site's structures, or neighboringStrucfiJ~res through the redirection of moisture or storm water. · Changes in grade that have an impact on the character of the streetscape or the relationship of the buildings to their sites. RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED · Identifying and preserving historic limestone retaining walls. · Constructing new retaining walls that replicate the size, scale, and materials df:the historic limestone walls. AINI NG WALLS NOT RECOMMENDED ging or removing an historic retaining wail that can be salvaged or repaired. · Constructing new retaining walls of poured concrete, railroad ties, or stel~dard concrete block. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GRADE CHANGES AND RETAINING WALLS RECOMMENDED Historic limestone retaining wails at houses located at the base of the bluffs. Such walls are common in Dubu(~ue. ano define its character. Every effort should be made to preserve them. NOT RECOMMENDED Large poured concrete ret~iini~g wail is incompatibl~ in its form, materials, and finish Railroad tie Cathedral Substitute materials ~0not match the cdgr, texture and sci~ ~i~ original-lim~!~ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral FENCES AND GATES Every residential area of the historic districts: exhibited some form of Iow historic fences and/or gate. The high density of the' residential areas combined with the complexities of the local topography limited fences primarily to large, flat plots, usually those of the larger upper class homes. Elaborate wrought and cast iron examples were common on the larger properties construc!ed in the latter half of the nineteenth centuff in ~he Jackson Park, West ilth Street, ahd Cathedral districts. These were often erected atop a limestone retaining wall that served as a base, and several examples survive in good condition. More utilitarian mesh-type fences--precursors to modern chain link--also are visible in these areas, although they survive less frequently. In the Langworthy and southern Cathedral districts simple wooden picket fencing, and gates, and wooden balustrade style fences were a popular choice for larger homes or groups of properties: After 1945 chain link became a popuar fencng option, but this material is incompatible with the historic character of the distriCtS. Original fences shq~d be preserved ~:~ repaired where they bxi~t, and new fences:~ould be based upon historic prototypes whene~er poSsible, : RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of original cast and wrought iron fences and gates. ~ · Replication and :installation of new fences based upon identified historic prototypes. · Replication and installation of different types of historic fences for different expOsures, based upon identified prototypes. · New fences that are sensitive to historic precedents in their scale, transparency, color, and materials. · Fenes that is in compliance with City codes. · Installation of privacy fences at the rear of the property only. · Removal of inappropriate chain link or privacy fences. · Installation of the same appropriate material for fences wherever they occur on the property, unless different historic materials are extant. · Installation of fences with the decorative face presented to the public way. · Planting of windbreaks or hedgerows to function as a privacy "fence, on primary facades, where adequate historic documentation exists. NOT RECOMMENDED -New fences constructed of chain-link, horizontal board, split rails, plastiC, concrete block or other'solid masonry. iFences that are not in compliance with City codes. 'P~iVacy fences that are set forward of the rear wall of the structure, or that are prominently visible from the street(s). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Wood RECOMMENDED Cathedral STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Metal RECOMMENDED Ca thedral STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral AMENITIES - RESIDENTIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Where evidence for historic features is available, an effort should be made to replicate them in newer, more .durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new stm~) iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial areas of the districts. In the more residential areas of the district it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles, and possibly planters in residential areas as well for public benefit. To minimize the costs of maintenance and replacement for the city~ 'it is advisable to utilize one'or two styles for al! features throughout the historic distr cts and the r n~ §hbor ng areas RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of existing historic features, such as httching posts, benches or other seating, trash receptacles, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should be documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for new features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporary materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities such as benches and signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historicdistricts. · Installation of amenities purchased through the City, or through the City's suppliers, for use on private property. · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. · Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines, · Benches and waste receptacles composed largely or entirely of smooth or pebble- faced concrete or plastic. · Installation of features that do not meet current City codes, STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral AMENITIES - COMMERICIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, trash receptacles, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs. Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Wh~re evidence for historic features is available, an effOrt should be made to replicate them in newer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of any existing historic features, such as hitching posts, benches or other seating, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they shou d be documented and preserved n storage to serve as a guide for new features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporarY materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities such as benches and signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic distr cts · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial araas 0f the districts. In the more commercial areas of Old Main and south Cathedral district, it is advisable to consider the introduction of' trash and ash receptacles, clockS, and POSsib y planterS aSwell ~or Public benefit To:~nimze the Costs of maintenance and replacement ,for the City. it is adv Sab e tout ze One ??~0 StYles for all features thrOUghout the histe'h~: dstrcts and ther r~e~[~i~ng ia reas. : NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. ,Installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines. · .Benches and waste receptacles composed largely or entirely of smooth or pebble- · faced concrete or plastic. · Installation of featuresthat do not meet current City codes. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 AMENITIES RECOMMENDED New strap iron bench at 3r~ and Main Bench, planter and lighting at Cable Car Square Detail of planter and light Cathedral Car 'Central Park" style bench Historic property markedhitching pos[ STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral SIGNS AND GRAPHICS The commercial areas of the historic districts including all of the O1(~ Main district and the central and southern portion of the Cathedral district near Cable Car Square have exhibited a wide array of s~gns from the late nineteenth century through the present day. Few examples from the nineteenth century survive, but there is photographic evidence for signs on Main Street throughout the twentieth century. It is desirable that new signs attempt to reference the historic signs of the eady twentieth century in is s~ze scale, style, and coloration, but substitute materials are acceptable for the purposes of increased durability. Several examples of appropriate signs can be seen in Cable Car Square. Given its age and cultural significance, neon signs from the mid-century are now considered to be historic in their own right. The retention and/or replication of these mater a s for contemporary use should 3e evaluated by the Preservatior Commission on a case-by-case basis. RECOMMENDED · All signs should follow regulations outlined in City ordinances. · Identification, repair, and preservation of existing signs from the first half of the twentieth century Or earli6r. · Identification and preservation of signs from the 1950s and 1960s, where appropriate. · Signs constructed of traditional and historic materials such as carved and painted wood, cast bronze, or painted metal. · Signs that replicate or reference historic signs in their style, scale, and materials. · Signs that replicate symbols or Iogos associated with the business, product or trade. · Coordination of sign colors with overall scheme of building exterior. · Placement of signs at traditional locations, such as storefront belt courses, ~lpper facade walls, hanging or mounted inside the windows, or projecting from the face of the building. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of historic signage either through deliberate action or neglect, · Signs that are out of scale With the building, and with neighboring buildings and signs. · Signs Of inappropriate materials, such as plastic or vinyl. · IriSertion or attachment of signs in such a way as toJnflict damage to the building. · Internally lit signs. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ Cathedral SIGNAGE AND GRAPHICS RECOMMENDED Contemporary signs, hangers, and points of placement in Cable Car Square. reflecting the recommended style, scale, materials, and appearance for sign features in the district. Circa 1880 Historic s~gn variants on Main Street Circa 1915 Sirca 1960 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral WAYFINDING FEATURES The nature and appearance of street signs and wayfinding materials are determined to a certain extent by code. The size, shape, and graphics of street signs may not be altered in certain instances. However, the City has recently installed decorative s~gnposts in the area around the City Hall. It is recommended that this type of post, or ~ variant of it, be used for new signs. Kiosks and information boards are not historic features of Dubuque, but they are important assets in serving both the local population and visitors to the city. New wayfinding materials should be in keeping with the style, materials and colors established for other public amenities such as benches and waste receptacles. It may be desirable to alter the wayfinding materials slightly in color, material, or stylefor each district as a means of clearly separating and defining them according to their historic character. Banners or other gateway markers may be desi~*able as a means 0.{ ~lefining each district. Hi~t0ric examples are rbco~.ded~,~r in photographs, and these shou d be rePl b:a~ted or referenced. RECOMMENDED · Maintain a consistency of style, color, and scale in all wayfinding features to contribute to the overall ~historic character of each district in general, and the amenities in particular. · Maintain a consistency in style of text and graphics within each district, or within the districts as a v~hole. · D~corative signposts that reference historic sti'eet features. · New gateways or bannersthat are consistent with the styles, colors, and materials selected for each district's wayfinding materials, or for the districts in general NOT RECOMMENDED ,New signs, kiosks or boards that are incompatible with the other streetscape amenities. · New wayfinding materials that are out of scale with the surrounding buildings and streetscape, or with the other streetscape amenities. · installation of wayfinding materials in Such a manner as to disrupt or blOekCritical vistas or views. · InStallation of wayfinding features in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape materials, or the surrounding structures. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f WAYFINDING FEATURES RECOMMENDED Cathedral Contemporary marker for Cable Car Souare incorporating historic fencing and typical retaining wall materials Typical new,street §ign with dec~'(~e oost used in Cable Car Souare area STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Ca th e dra I STREET LIGHTING Several examples of historic lighting in the Old Main district are recorded in historic photographs, an(~ several examples of street ligh! fixtures dating from the early twentieth century have been preserved and reused in the downtown area. It is not feasible to retrofit these fixtures for continued use throughout the downtown due to problems of repair and long-term maintenance. Recently the City has installed new street lighting posts in the downtown, and they would like to conti hue using this style for durability and ease of maintenance. Street lights may represent another area where districts caw express their historic character through differing styles, materials or colors of lamp posts and globes. This will need to be balanced with issues of cost and upkeep for the City. RECOMMENDED · Preservation, repair and reuse of original fixtures whenever possible. · Documentation and storage of historic fixtures for reference or protected usage. · New lighting th~ is consistent with the historic lighting in its scale, style, materials, and colors. · New lighting that is installed at a height appropriate for thestreetscape. · Purchase and use of City.approved lighting fixtures by private property owners for installation on their proper~y. · Consider color, cOrrected metal halide lighting to provide better color rendition of the historic materials. NOT RECOMMENDED · Destruction or removal of existing historic light fixtures that can be salVaged Or repaired. · Installation of new lighting in such as way as to block key vistas or views. · Installation of lighting in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape elements, or surrounding buildings. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001. ~ ! i ~Cathedral STREET LIGHTING RECOMMENDED New light installed by the City in Old Main and Cathedral Districts. Detail of new lighting Historic photo showing original gas lights NOT RECOMMENDED Contemporary photo showing historib lighting reinstalled on bridge in downtown Historic photo showing specialty lighting for chemist shop in ~e shape of:~' ~[ar and 'pestle STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral YARD AND PARK FEATURES The historic districts contain a large percentage of green space scattered throughout in the form of private yards and public parks, most notably Jackson Park and Washington Park. Historic documentation has allowed for the recreation of the pathways and pergola in Washington Park, and similar documentation is available for Jackson Park. It is desirable that this park be restored to its appearance in the early twentieth century. This does not prectude the insertion of contemporary outdoor sculpture or outdoor installations in these spaces, however. Yard space that is on private property is not generally regulated by the City. It is recommended that private property owners remain aware of the views of their property from the public way, and to maintain these views in a manner that is consistent with the historic character of their district. RECOMMENDED · Restoration of public parks and greenspaces to their original laYOUt and landscaping plans (if appropriate), including the restoration or recreetion of pergolas or grandstands~ · Evaluation of later changes to public parks and greenspaces to determine their historic significance. · InStallation of amenities and wayflnding materials in public greenspaces that are in keeping with the rest of that district. · Maintaining private property that is visible from the public way in a manner that is in keeping with th~ historic character of the district · Installation rof public sculpture or other displays of outdoor art in public greenspaces. · Installation of artwork on publicly-visible private property that is in keeping with the scale of its surroundings. · Installation of fountains or other water features on publicly-visible private property that is keeping with the scale and character of the surrounding district's streetscape NOT RECOMMENDED · R~moUal of any existing historic landscaping Or park feature. · Installation of new features on public greenspaces'that do not respect the SCale.or character of their surrounding district. ,Installation of new artwork, fountains, or pergolas, etc. on property that does not respect the scale or character of the surreut~ding STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City ofDubuque, lowa 2001 YARD AND PARK FEATURES RECOMMENDED Sculpture, paths, and lighting in Washingi°n Park, c. 1884. Cathedral Histodc photo of WashingtOn ,Park :" ~[ its originai' ~dSCaping features ~e~io~6]d i~ ~heir historic appearance, mos[ notably the gazebo n the center. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral LANDSCAPING Some photographic evidence exists for the various forms of landscaping that have existed in the historic districts over time, These schemes may not be appropriate for restoration. Landscaping in the historic districts will be guided largely by the existing landscaping ordinance, which designates tree and shrub species, sizes,, and appropriate locations on public and private property. Where evidence of a historic landSCape"feature exists, and can contribute to the historic character of the district, efforts should be made to preserve or restore these features. Such work should be carried out with the consultation of the City Forester to ensure that it meets the City ordinance, and does not pose a threat to'the health of the surrounding landscape, or the safety of the public. RECOMMENDED · Identification, preservation, and restoration of historic landscape features whenever possible. · New landscaping= [hat meets the requirements of the landscaping ordinance. oRestoration or recreation of landscaping features that have local historical or cultural significance for the distriCt or the city in general. · Preserve and maintain mature trees, replacing them when they become diseased or die. NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new landscaping features that may pose a hazard to the health of surrounding landscape features, or to public safety. · Installation of new landscape features that will contribute to the deterioration of nearby structures or streetscape features. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 LANDSCAPING RECOMMENDED Mature Street trees and vineyards planted on the bluffs above as seen from the intersection of 5th and Locust in the 1860s. CathedraI Young street trees at the curb on the-west side of Bluff'St¢~t:as s.e~en in the 1880s, STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Cathedral UTILITIES The standard procedures for utilities govern the size. appearance, and location of their services, It is recommended that an attempt be made to provide more inconspicuous service boxes In the historic districts, either through the modification of the covers, or the location of the [~oxes themselves. Existing electrical service runs above ground, creating a network of wires over the streets and the historic properties. The City may consider the option of burying utilities on all new construction and on all repairs in the historic districts. RECOMMENDED · New utility boxes that are less invasive in their appearance and/or their location. · Burying all new or upgraded utility serve to reduce the number of overhead lines in the historic distriCts. NOT RECOMMENDED · Placing utility service boxes in open areas that are prominently visible from the street, as seen below. OLD MAIN DISTRICT STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main SETTING AND SITE SETTING -The building setting is the area or environment in which an historic property is found. It may be an urban or suburban neighborhood or a natural landscape i~ which a building has been constructed. The elements of setting, such as the relationship of buildings to one another, property setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways and walkways, together with street trees and other landscaping features create the character of a neighborhood or district. Photo of Main Street in 1877 showing the maiden voyage of the Steam Railway. The trolley was a defining feature of the character of Main Street, as was the dense commercial development creating a Iow canyon or "streetwall" effect on the primary commercial thoroughfare, ll,37 M~id~t ~rtp of ~h~ Hitl Str~t a~d West Dubuque Steam railway, from 8th and ~fn, Thu~day, 12 July I877. The tr~qk ~,~ ~'~; ~ ~;~ ~ ~scen&d 2~¥~ feet on Hill and 3rd St~eto to Alpine and ]ullen ~- ,~ Rlnive~ity), to Broad Street (Mt Pl~sanO. In 1879 ~e~ice was ,;c . ~ ~ extended to the W~tent braoe~ at ]ulien and Ddhi (riga 9.12 '' ~ ~ and 9.13), where the mr~n~ wns. From a s~reogmph by RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the setting, such as roads and streets, furnishings and fixtures, natural or topographic features, and key wews or vistas. · Retain historic relationship between buildings, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing landscape and streetscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection of these features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any streetscape or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the district. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and setting features through inappropriate new construction of streets, parking lots, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main SETTING RECOMMENDED The high density of the commercial area on and near Main Street was one of the defining features of the downtown area, as seen in the aerial photo of Dubuque prior to urban renewal (upper left). Portions of this dense historic commercial development still survive in the Old Main District, albeit in a somewhat abbreviated form, as seen in the photos at right. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SETTING NOT RECOMMENDED A combination of insensitive urban renewal, road construction,, and de[erred maintenance have taken their toll on the once dense commercial areas in the district. The loss of adjacent structures destroys historic context, and places large gaps in what was intended as a unified street facade. Contemporary parking lots (at left) and ramps in the districts generally signify the loss of structures that contributed to the overall Setting and character of the area. The resulting gaps ~n the historic fabric have a negative visual impact. Old Main STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ Old Main SETTING AND SITE SITE - The landscape surrounding a historic building and contained within an individual parcel of land is considered the building site. The site, including all of its associated features, contributes to the overall character of the property. As a result, the relationship between the building and the landscape features within the site's boundaries should be considered in the overall Planning of rehabilitation work. RECOMMENDED · Identify, retain and preserve landscape features that are important in defining the historic character of the site, such as sidewalks and paths, furnishings, light fixtures, sculpture, water features, natural or topographic features, and potential archaeological resources. · Retain historic relationship between buildings and secondary structures, between buildings and streets, and between buildings and landscape features. · Evaluate condition and integrity of existing buildings and landscape features. Devise plans for repair, maintenance, and long-term protection ofthese features. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal, relocation, or radical alteration of any building or landscape element that contributes to the historic character of the site. · Failing to maintain the historic relationship of buildings and landscape features through inappropr ate new construction of streets, pathways, parking lots, secondary buildings, or building infill. · Permitting damage or deterioration of existing features through inadequate protection or maintenance. · Removal and replacement of existing historic features with new materials, when originals Can be saved and repaired. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' Old Main SITE RECOMMENDED The high density of the development required that bud ngs consume the majority of their long, narrow.lots. Building facades are directly related to the sidewalk and street with a minimal setback on the front facade, and on the secondary facades when at a corner. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main DRIVEWAYS, PARKING, PAVING - RESIDENTIAL The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation. Streets were narrow and paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the more urban areas of Jackson Park, Old Main, and Cathedral districts, housing patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to sheds, carriage houses, or garages at the back or side of the property. With the coming of the automobile, these structures were increasingly converted to or replaced by garages. The insertion of driveways, parking areas, and curb cuts in these districts is generally inconsistent with their historic character. Within the districts the traditional paving material should be saved and restored. The insertion of new curb cuts and parking should be kept to a minimum. RECOMMENDED · Preservation of driveways and their original designs, materials, and placements. · Materials for new drives that are consistent with the historic materials, including crushed-limestoneaggregate concrete, and brick pavers. · Parking areas located near the rear of the property, and screened with landscaping when visible from the street. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access to garages from side or rear of property. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new semi-circular or drive-thru drive designs in front yards. · Demolition of an existing secondary structure for the creation of a new garage, · Insertion of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary fa~:ade of the primary structure. · Insertion of gravel or dirt drives, which violates City codes. · Insertion of new drives Or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from the street(s). *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main DRIVES, PARKING LOTS, PAVING The majority of the areas contained within the historic districts were platted in a period that relied largely on pedestrian, trolley, and carriage traffic as the primary means of transportation. Streets originally were paved with planks, and later with pavers, if they were paved at all. In the downtown areas of Old Main, West 11th Street, and portions of the Cathedral districts, construction patterns were dense, and rear alleys provided access to the back of the property. The insertion of prominent driveways, curb cuts and parking lots in these areas of the district is generally inconsistent with their'historic character. Within the districts the traditional paving and materials should be saved and restored, and the insertion of new curb cuts and 'parking kept to a minimum. COMMERCIAL RECOMMENDED · Location of new parking lots for commercially-used houses, churches, apartments, schools in the rear of the properties. · Screening parking areas at corner lots with landscaping on both streets. · Aligning new parking areas on vacant lots with the front edge of the adjacent property to allow for a proper landscaping screen. · Preservation and renovation of historic secondary structures for continued use. · Access for delivery from the side or rear of property. .Preservation and repair of brick paving where existing. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original in appearance, such as tinted asphalt and stained and/or stamped concrete, or common materials such a plain asphalt.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Demolition of an existing primary or secondary structure for the creation of parking areas. · InSertion of a new drive or garage adjacent to or in front of the primary facade of the primary structure, · insertion of new drives or parking areas without provision of proper landscape screening from street. *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 DRIVEWAYS, PARKING LOTS, PAVING RECOMMENDED Old Main Public parking with an adequate setback, decorative fencing, and appropriate plantings for screening. NOT RECOMMENDED Historic photo showing brick street paving, circa 1917. Contemporary parking lots (at left) in the districts create gaps in the historic architectural fabric that have a negative visual impact on the district as a whole. At left the parking lot is prominently located at a corner, it does not respect the setback of the neighboring building, and [hera is little to blend it into its surrounding or hide it from pubic view. At right, the open space for parking has isolated a building in what was an architectural row. The density necessitates on-straet parking for both commercial structures. Driveways, curb cuts, and visible garage structures in this area are not appropriate. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001' Old Main SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS Sidewalks throughout the Cathedral District were either wood plank in their earliest form, which was later replaced with brick pavers in different patterns, or poured concrete with a crushed limestone aggregate. A historic hexagonal concrete paver was noted in limited quantities in the Langworthy, Old Main, and Cathedral Districts. It is currently City policy to remove and replace these materials during new construction, either with broom finish poured concrete or, more recently, stained concrete pavers or stained and stamped concrete. Preservation and replication of any of the historic masonry materials for sidewalks would be appropriate in the Cathedral District and adjacent neighborhoods, and is the recommended treatment. Substitute materials can be considered for issues of cost and code compliance, however. Limestone was the traditional curb material throughout the city. As with the' sidewalks, it has been City policy to remove and replace these curbs with poured concrete curbs and gutters as they deteriorate, or when they interfere with street or utility repairs. Limestone is recommended for use as a straight curb material in these areas due to its historic presence, but alternate materials may be considered for ease of maintenance, reduced cost and increased durabi ry. RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of origi hal historic paving and limestone curbing materials where they survive, particularly in areas where the curbing has a substantial visual impact on the view from the street. · Materials for new sidewalks and crosswalks that are consistent with the historic materials, such as brick pavers and crushed-limestone aggregate concrete. · Replacement of deteriorated limestone curbs with new limestone. · New sidewalks that restore the historic width of the walkways, where contemporary usages and City codes allow. ACCEPTABLE · Substitute materials that simulate the original paving, such as colored concrete pavers and stamped and/or stained concrete.* · Substitute materials that simulate the original limestone curbing in color, texture, and shape, such as straight curbs of tinted concrete poured with a textured form liner Ipreferred option) .* · As a last resort, straight curbs of limestone-colored stained concrete may be used.* NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal of historic curbs and gutters without an appropriate replacement. · Use of pebble-surface concrete sidewalks. · Use of asphalt for a paving material on sidewalks. *Review with PSD and HPC STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main SIDEWALKS, WALKWAYS, AND CURBS RECOMMENDED Limestone curbs in historic Photo (below). These survive rather sporadically due to the City'S replacement Poiicy. They should be maintained whenever possible. Historic two-tone hexagonal sidewalk pavers and contemporary broom-finished concrete (above). The latter is visually incompatible, and is not recommended. A surviving entry mosaic is shown at right. Specialty paving SUCh as this should be preserved. ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATES Three types and patterns ~f brick sidewalk paving and limestone aggregate concrete (foreground) Concrete pavers Stamped concrete STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main FENCES AND GATES Every residential area of the historic districts exhibited some form of Iow historic fences and/or gate. The high density of the residential areas combined with the complexities of the local topography limited fences primarily to large, flat plots, usual y those of the larger upper class homes. Elaborate wrought and cast iron examples were common on the larger properties constructed in the latter half of the nineteenth century in the Jackson Park West 11th Street, and Cathedral districts, n the Langworthy and southern Cathedral districts simple wooden picket fences and gates, and wooden balustrade style fences were a popular choice for larger homes or groups of properties. After 1945 chain link became a popular fencing option but this material is incompatible with the historic character of the districts. Original fences should be preserved and repaired where they exist, and new fences should be based upon historic prototypes whenever possible. Due to its commercial character there was little, if any, fencing in the Old Main District. Any new fencing installed for public areas or parking areas should be in keeping with the historic character of the district. RECOMMENDED ,Identification and preservation of original cast and wrought iron fences and gates. · Replication and installation of new fences based upon identified historic prototypes. · Replication and installation of different types of historic fences for different exposures, based upon identified prototypes. · New fences that are sensitive to historic precedents in their scale, transparency, color, and materials. · Fences that are in compliance with City codes. · Installation of privacy fences at the rear of the property only. · Removal of inappropriate chain link or privacy fences. · Installation of the same appropriate material for fences wherever they occur on the property, unless different historic materials are extant. · Installation of fences with the decorative face presented to the public way. · Planting of windbreaks or hedgerows to function as a privacy "fence" on primary facades, where adequate historic documentation exists. NOT RECOMMENDED · New fences constructed of chain link, horizontal board, split rails, plastic, concrete block or other solid masonry. · Fences that are not in compliance with City codes. · Privacy fences that are set forward of the rear wall of the structure, or that are prominently visible from the street(s). STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 FENCES AND GATES - Metal RECOMMENDED Old Main NOT RECOMMENDED STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main AMENITIES - COMMERICIAL A variety of public amenities are required in public areas for the convenience of the public. Historically these would include items such as benches or other forms of seating, trash receptacles, clocks, hitching posts, and street signs; Due to intensive usage and constant exposure to the elements, few of these items survive except in historic photographs. Where historic features survive, they should be preserved and maintained. Where evidence for historic features is available, an effort should be made to replicate them in newer, more durable materials that will reduce maintenance and replacement costs. The City has recently installed new strap iron benches in public spaces in the downtown area and at Cable Car Square, and they would like to continue the use of this style throughout the historic districts. This style is suitable for public areas in residential and commercial areas of the districts. In the more commercial areas of Old Main and south Cathedral district, it is advisable to consider the introduction of trash and ash receptacles, clocks, and pQssibly planters as well for Public benefit. To ~inimize the costs of maintenance and replacement for the City, it is advisable to utilize one or two styles for all features thrOUghout the historic districts and their n~e~[gh.bQ [i~n g areas. RECOMMENDED · Identification and preservation of any existing historic features, such as hitching posts, benches or other seating, etc. that were provided for public use. Damage or flaws may prevent the retention or continued use of these items, but they should be documented and preserved in storage to serve as a guide for new features. · New features based upon historical precedents. These can be executed in contemporarY materials and finishes to increase durability. Note that amenities such as benches or signs that are constructed largely or entirely of wood will be more easily damaged and will require regular maintenance. · New features that reference the style of historic features, to establish a unified appearance and general historic character among the public amenities in the historic districts. · One group or party should be responsible for the maintenance of plantings in planters. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of existing historic features, either deliberately or through deferred maintenance. · installation of new features that do not reference historical features, or that are not coordinated with the features recommended by the Guidelines. I oBenches and waste receptacles composed largely or entirely of smooth or pebble- faced concrete or plastic: · Installation of features that do not meet current City codes. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200~ AMENITIES RECOMMENDED New strap iron bench at 3rd and Main Bench, planter and lighting at Cable Car Square Old Main Detail of Dian[er and light Detail 0f strap iron bbn(~h at Cable Car square' "Central Park" style bench Historic property marker/hitching post STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f Old Main SIGNS AND GRAPHICS The commercial areas of the historic districts including all of the Old Main district and the central and southern portion of the Cathedral district near Cable Car Square have exhibited a wide array of s~gns from the late nineteenth century through the present day. Few examples from the nineteenth century survive, but there is photographic evidence ['or signs on Main Street throughout the twentieth century. It is desirable that new s~gns attempt to reference the historic signs of the early twentieth century in is s~ze. scale, style, and coloration, but substitute materials are acceptable for purposes of increased durability. Several examples of appropriate s~gns can be seen in Cable Car Square. Given its age ane cultural significance, neon signs from the mid-century are now considered to be historic r their own right. The retention and/or replication of these materials for contemporary use should be evaluate~ by the Preservation Commission on a case-by-case basis, RECOMMENDED · All signs should follow regulations outlined in City ordinances. · Identification, repair, andpreservation of existing signs from the first half of the twentieth century or earlier. · Identification and preservation of signs from the 1950s and '1960s, where appropriate. · Signs constructed of traditional and historic materials such as carved and painted wood, cast bronze, or painted metal. · Signs that replicate or reference historic signs in their style, scale, and materials. · Signs that replicate symbols or Iogos associated with the business, product or trade. · Coordination of sign colors with overall scheme of building exterior. · Placement of signs at traditional locations, such es storefront belt courses, upper fa~:ade walls, hanging or mounted inside the windows, or projecting from the face of the building. NOT RECOMMENDED · Removal or destruction of historic signs either through deliberate aotion or neglect. · Signs that are out of scale with the building, and with neighboring buildings and signs. · Signs of inappropriate materials, such as plastic or vinyl. · ~ nsertion or attachment of signs in such a way as to inflict damage to the building. · Internally lit signs. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 SIGNS AND GRAPHICS RECOMMENDED Contemporary signs, hangers, and points of placement in Cable Car Square. reflecting the recommended style, scale, materials, anc~ appearance for sign features in the district. Old Main Circa 1880 Historic sign variants on Main Street Circa 1915 Circa 1960 STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f Old Main WAYFINDING FEATURES The nature and appearance of street signs and wayfinding materials are determined to a certain extent by code. The size, shape, and graphics of street signs may not be altered in certain instances. However, the City has recently installed decorative signposts in the area around the City Hall. It is recommended that this type of post, or a variant of it, be used for new signs. Kiosks and information boards are not historic features of Dubuque, but they are important assets in serving both the local population and visitors to the city. New wayfinding materials should be in keeping with the style, materials and colors established for other public amenities such as benches and waste receptacles. · It may be desirable to alter the wayfinding materials slightly in color, material, or style for each district as a means of clearly separating and defining them according to their historic character. Ban~ers or other gateway markers may be desirable as a means of defining each district. HistOric examples are recorded in phOtographs, and these should be rePiibated or referenced. RECOMMENDED · Maintain a consistency of style, color, and scale in ali wayfinding features to contribute to the overall historic character of each district in general, and the amenities in particular. · Maintain a consistency in style of text and graphics within each district, or within the districts as a whole. · Decorative signposts that reference historic street features. · New gateways or banners that are consistent with the styles, colors, and materials selected for each district's wayfinding materials, or for the districts in general. NOT RECOMMENDED · New signs, kiosks or boards that are incompatible with the other streetscape amentities. · New wayfinding materials that are out of scale with the surrounding buildings and streetscape, or with the other streetscape amenities. · Installation of wayfinding materials in such a manner as to disrupt or block critical vistas or views. · Installation of wayfinding features in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape materials, or the surrounding structures. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 WAYFINDING FEATURES RECOMMENDED Old Main Contem 3orary marker for Cable Car Square incorporating historic fencing and typical retaining wall materials Typical new street sign with oecorative post used in Cable Car Square area STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main STREET LIGHTING Several examples of historic lighting in the Old Main district are recorded in historic photographs, and several examples of street light fixtures dating from the early twentieth century have been preserved and reused in the downtown area. It is not feasible to retrofit these fixtures for continued use throughout the downtown due to problems of repair and long-term maintenance. Recently the City has installed new street lighting posts in the downtown, and they would like to continue using this style for durability and ease of maintenance. Street lights may represent another area where districts can express their historic character through differing styles, materials, or colors of lamp posts and globes, This will need to be balanced with issues of cost and u ;)keep for the City. RECOMMENDED · Preservation, repair and reuse of original fixtures whenever possible. · Documentation and storage of historic fixtures for reference or protected usage. · New lighting that is consistent with the historic lighting in its scale, style, materials, and colors. · New lighting that is installed at a height appropriate for the streetscape. · Purchase and use of City-approved lighting fixtures by private property owners for installation on their property. · Consider color-corrected metal halide lighting to provide better color rendition of the historic materials. NOT RECOMMENDED · Destruction or removal of existing historic light fixtures that can be salvaged or repaired. · Installation of new lighting in such as way as to block key vistas or views. · Installation of lighting in such a way as to damage existing historic streetscape elements, or surrounding buildings. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 STREET LIGHTING RECOMMENDED Old Main New light installed by the City in Old Main and Cathedral Districts NOT RECOMMENDED Detail of new lighting Historic photo showing original gas lights Contemporary photo showing historic ghting reinstalled on bridge in downtown Historic photo showing specialty lighting for chemist shop in the shape of a mortar and oestle STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main LANDSCAPING Some photographic evidence exists for the various forms of landscaping that have existed in the historic districts over time. These schemes may not be appropriate for restoration. Landscaping in the historic districts will be guided largely by the existing landscaping ordinance, which designates tree and shrub species, sizes, and appropriate locations on public and private property. Where evidence of a historic landscape feature exists, and can contribute to the historic character of the district, efforts should be made to preserve or restore these features. Such work should be carried out with the consultation of the City Forester to ensure that it meets the City ordinance and does not pose a threat to.the health of the surrounding landscape, or the safety of the public. RECOMMENDED · Identification, preservation, and restoration of historic landscape features whenever possible. · New landscaping that meets the requirements of the landscaping ordinance, · Restoration or recreation of landscaping features that have local historical or cultural significance for the district or the city in general. · preserve and maintain mature trees, replacing them when they become diseased or die, NOT RECOMMENDED · Insertion of new landscaping features that may pose a hazard to the health of surrounding landscape features, or to public safety. · Installation of new landscape features that will contribute to the deterioration of nearby structures or streetscape features. Historic photos do not show any landscaping in the Old Main District, and the installation of new street trees Would be inappropriate. Any new landscaping that is installed in open space or to screen parking areas should conform to city ordnances. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2005 Old Main LANDSCAPING RECOMMENDED Historic photos of Main Street STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 Old Main UTILITIES The standard procedures for utilities govern the size, appearance, and location of their services. It is recommended that an attempt be made to provide more inconspicuous service boxes in the historic districts, either through the modification of the covers, or the location of the boxes themselves. Existing electrical service runs above ground, creating a network of wires over the streets and the historic properties. The City may consider the option of burying utilities on all 'new construction, and on all repairs in the historic districts. RECOMMENDED · New utility boxes that are less invasive in their appearance and/or their location. · Burying all new or upgraded utility serve to reduce the number of overhead lines in the historic distriCts. NOT RECOMMENDED : · Placing utility service boxes in oPen areas that are prominently visible f~0m the street, as seen below. RESOURCES STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 RESOURCES GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS INFORMATION RESOURC ES Preservation Resources in the Carnegie-Stout Library State Historical Society of Iowallowa SHPO Resources National Park Service/NCPTT - Overview, Information Clearinghouse and Grants National Park Service - Technical Preservation Service, Preservation Briefs, Preservation Planning, and Publications Historic American BuildingSurvey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER) "Built in America" Digital Records "Historic Downtown Main Streets: Strategies for Compatible Streetscape Design" Selected Bibliography PRODUCT RESOURCES Forgotten Signs, New York Lost Art CIS Street Furniture CITY RESOURCES Contacts - Planning Services Department, Historic Preservation CommissiOn Chapter 25 Preservation Ordinance Street Tree and Landscaping Ordinance STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS Adaptive Use Rehabilitation of a historic structure for use other than its onginal use such as a residence converted into offices. Addition New construction added to an existing building or structure. Alteration Any act or process that changes one or more of the exterior architectural features of a structure, including, but nol imited to, the erection, construction, reconstruction, addition, sand blasting,Water blasting, chemical cleaning, chemical stopping, or removal of any structure, but not including changes to the color of exterior paint. American bond A brickwork pattern where most courses are laid flat, with the long "stretcher" edge exposed, but every fifth to eighth course is laid perpendicularly with the small "header" end exposes, to structurally tie the wall together. Appropriate Especially suitable or compatible. Apron A decorative horizontal trim piece on the lower portion Of an architectural element. Arch A curved construction which spans an opening and supports the weight above it. (see flat arch, jack arch, segmental arch and semi-circular arch) Attic The upper level of a building, not of full ceiling height, directly beneath the roof. Baluster One of a series of short, vertical, often vase-shaped members used to support a stair Or pomh handrail forming a balustrade. Balustrade An entire rail system with top railand balusters. Bargeboard A board which hangs fr0mthe projeCting end of a gable roof, covering the end rafters, and often sawn into a decorative pattern. Bay The portion of a facade between columns or p~ers providing regular divisions and usually marked by windows. BayWind0w A projecting window that forms an extension to the floor space of the internal rooms; uSUally extends to the ground level. Belt course A horizontal band usually marking the floor levels on the exterior facade of a building. Board and batten Siding. fashioned of boards set vertically and covered where their edges jo~n by narrow strips called battens. Bond A term used to describe the various patternsin which brick (or stone) is laid, such'~as~ "common bond' or"Flemish bond." STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Bracket A projecting element of wood, stone or metal which spans between horizontal and vertical surfaces (eaves. shelves, overhangs) as decorative support. Buildin~l A structure used to house huma~ activity such as a dwelling or ga. rage. Bulkhead The structural panels just below display windows on storefronts. BUlkheads can be both supportive and decorative in design. Bulkheads from the ~19th century are often of wood construction with rectangular raised panels while those of the 20th century may be of wood, brick, tile, or marble construction. Bulkheads are also referred to as kickplates. BunGalow Common house form of the early 20th century distinguished by horizontal emphasis, wide eaves, large porches and multi- light doors and windows. Capital The head of a column or pilaster. Casement window A window with one or two sashes which are hinged at the sides and usually open outward. Certificate of Appropriateness A certificate issued by the building official or Historic Preservation Commission indicating its approval of plans for alteration., construction, removal or demolition of a landmark or of a structure within a historic district. Certified Local Government Any city, county, parish, township, municipality, or borough or any other general purpose subdivision enacted by the National Preservation Act Amendments of 1980 to further delegate responsibilities and funding to the local level. Character The qualities and attributes of any structure, site, street or district. Clapboards Horizontal wooden boards,thinner at the top edge, which are overlapped tc provide.a weatherproof exterior wall surface. Classical order Derived from Greek anti Roman architecture, a column with its base, shaft, capital and entablature having standardized details and proportions, according to one of the five canonized modes: Doric, Tuscan~ Ionic. Corinthian~ or Composite CliPPed Gable A gable rQof where the ends of the ridge are terminated in a small, diagonal roof surface. % ColOnial Revival HouSe Style of the early 20th century ~ased on interpretations of architectural forms of the American colonies prior to the RevOlution. ColUmn A Circular or §qUare vert ca structural member. · Commission The HistOric Preservation Commission. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Compatible In harmony with location and surroundings. Configuration The arrangement of elements and details on a building or structure which hel D to define its character. Contemporary Reflecting characteristics of the currant period. Contemporary denotes characteristics which illustrate that a building, structure, or detail was constructed in the present or recent past rather than b~eing imitative or reflective of a historic design. Context The setting in which a historic element, site. structure,street, or district exists. Corbel In masonry, a projection, or one of a series of projections, each stepped progressively farther forward With height and articulating a cornice or supporting an overhanging member. Corinthian order Most ornate classical order characterized by a capital with ornamental acanthus leaves and curled fern shoots. Cornice The uppermost, projecting part of an entablature, or feature resembling it. Any projecting ornamental molding along the top of a wall, building, etc. Cresting A decorated ornamental finish along the top of a wall or roof, often made of ornamental metal. Cross-gable A secondary gable roof which meets the primary roof at right angles. Demolition Any act or process that destroys in part or in whole a landmark or a struCture wth' in a historic' ' d~stnct.' ' Dentils A row of small tooth-like blocks in a classical cornice. Design guidelines The "Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings" a.s, adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of the Interior. and other guidelines Which may be adopted from bme to time. Doric order A classical order with simple, unadorned capitals, and with no base. / that projects from a roof. DOable-hUng windoWiA'wind'ow with two sashes, one sliding vertically over the other. EaYe- The ~dge of a r°°f ~hat projects beyond the face of a wall. Element A material part~0r detail of a site, structure, street, or district. Elevation Any one of the external faces or facades of a building. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Ell The roar wing of a house, generally one room wide and running perpendicular to the principal building. Engaged column A round column attached to a wall. Entablature A part of a building of classical order rosting on the column capital; consists of an architrave, frieze, and cornice. Fabric The physical material of a building, structuro, or commu ~ity, COnnoting an interweaving of component parts. Facade Any one of the external faces or elevations of a building. Fanlight A semi-circular window usually over a door With radiating muntins suggesting a fan. Fascia A projecting flat horizontal member or molding; forms the trim of a flat roof or a pitched roof; also part of a classical entablature. Fenestration The arrangement of windows on a building. Finial A ~)rojecting decorative element, usually of metal, at the top of a roof turrot or gable. Fishscale shingles A decorative pattern of wall shingles composed of staggerod horizontal rows of wooden shingles with half-round ends. Flashing Thin metal sheets used to prevent moisturo infiltration at joints of roof planes and between the roof and vertical surfaces. Flat arch An arch whose wedge-shaped stones or bricks are set in a straight line; also called a jack arch. Flemish bond A brick-work pattern where the lOng "stretcher" edge of the brick is alternated with the small "header" end for decorative as well as structural effectiveness. Fluting Shallow, concpye grooves running vertically on the shaft of a column, pilaster, or other surface. Foundation The lowest exposed portion of the building wall, which supports the structuro above Frieze Themiddle portion of a classical cornice; also applied decorative elements on an entablaturo or parapet wall. Gable The .triangular Section of a wall to carry a pitched roof. Gable roof A pitched ro0f'with one downward slope on either side of a central, horizonta ridge. Gambrel roof A ridged roof with two Slopes on either side. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Ghosts Outlines or ~)mfiles of missing buildings or building details. These outlines may be visible through stains, paint, weathering, or other residue on a building's facade. Greek Revival style Mid-19th century revival of forms and ornament of amhi~ecture of ancient Greece. Harmony Pleasing or congruent arrangement. Height The distance from the bottom to the top of a building or structure. Hipped roof A roof with uniform slopes on all sides. Historic District An area designated as a "historic district" by ordinance of the city council and which may contain within definable geographic boundaries one or more landmarks and which may have within its boundaries other proportions or structures that. while not of such historic or architectural significance to be designated as landmarks nevertheless contribute to the overall historic or architectural characteristics of*the historic district. Historic imitation New construction or rehabilitation where elements or corn ~)onents mimic an architectural style but are not of the same historic period as the existing buildings (historic replica). Hood molding A projecting molding above an arch doorway, or window, originally designed to direct water away from the oper~in*g; also called a dri0 mold. Homestead Style An architectural form of the late 19th and early 20th centuries featuring dwelling built in Gable Front plans with limited architectural detailing and generally of frame construction. These dwe~ ings were commonly built throughout the Midwest. Ionic order One of the five classical orders used to describe decorative scroll Capitals. Infill New construction where there had been an opening before, such as a new building between two older structures; or block infill between porch pierS orlnan original window opening. Jack arch (see Flat ar0h) Keystone The wedge-Shaped top or center member of an arch. Knee brace An oversize bracket supporting a roof or porch eave. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Landmark A property, structure or natural object designated as a "landmark" by ordinance of the city council, pursuant to procedures prescribed in this title, that is worthy of rehabilitation, restoration and presentation because of its historic or architectura s ~]nif~ance to the city. Landscape The totality of the built or human-influenced habitat experienced at any one place. Dominant features are topography, plant cover, buildings, or other structures and their patterns. Lattice An openwork grill of interlacing wood strips used as screening. Lintel The horizontal top member of a window, door, or other opening. Maintain To keep in an existing state of preservation or repair. Mansard roof A roof with a double slope on all four sides, with the lower slope being almost vertical and the upper almost horizontal. Masonry Exterior wall construction of brick, stone or adobe laid up in small units. Massing The three-dimensional form of a building. Material Change A change that will affect either the exterior architectural or environmental features of an histodc property or any structure, site, or work of art within an historic district. Metal standing seam roof A roof composes of overlapping sections of metal such as copper-bearing steel or iron coated with a tame alloy of lead and tin. These roofs were attached or crimped together in ~anous raised seams for which the roof are named, Modillion A horizontal bracket, often in the form of a plain block, ornamenting, Or sometimes supporting, the underside of a cornice. Mortar A mixture of sand lime, cement, and water used as a binding agent in masonry construction. Mullion A heavy vertical 'divider between windows or doom. MUlti-light window A window sash composed of more than one ~)ane of glass. Muntin A secondary framirtg member to divide and hold the panes of glass in multi-light window or glazed door. New construction cons!ruction which is characterized by the introduction of new elements, sites, buildings, or structures or additions to existing b~i dihgs and structures in historic areas and districts. - STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Normally Required Mandatory actions, summarized in the guidelines, whose compliance is enforced by the Historic Preservation Commission. Obscured Covered, concealed, or hidden from view. Oriel window A bay window which emerges above the ground floor level Paired columns Two columns supported by one pier= as on a porch. Palladian window A window with three openings, the central one amhed and wider than the flanking ones. Paneled door A door composed of solid panels (either raised or recessed) held within a framework of rails and stiles. Parapet A Iow horizontal wall at the edge of a roof. Pediment A triangular crowning element forming the gable of a roof; any similar triangular element usea over windows doom, etc. Pier A vertical structural element, square or rectangular in cross-section. Pilaster A square pillar attached, but projecting from a wall resembling a classical column. Pitch The degree of the slope of a roof. Portico A roofed space, open or partly enclosed, forming the entrance and centerpiece of the facade of a building, often with columns and a pediment. Port and cement A strong, inflexible hydraulic cement used to bind mortar, iViO~tar or patching materials with a high Portland cement content should not be used on pre-1920 buildings. The Portland cement is harder than the masonry, thereby causing serious damage over annual freeze-thaw cycles.) Preservation Generally, saving from destruction or deteriorat on o d and historic buildings,'sites structures and objects and prd~iding for their Cont'i?iU~d use by means of restoration, rehabilitation, or,adaptive use. ~ ' pressed tit~ DecoratiV;e'ari~ functional metalwork ma~b of molded tin used to sheath roofs, bays, and cornices, prOPortion HarmonioUs'relatiOn of parts tO one another or to the whole, pyramidal roof A roof With four identk;al sides rising to a central peak. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Queen Anne style Popular late 19th century revival style of early eighteenth-century English architecture, characterizeo by irregularity of plan and massing and a variety of texture. Quoins A series of stone, bricks, or wood panels ornamenting the outside of a wall. Recommended Suggested, but not mandatory actions summarized in the gUidelines. Reconstruction The act or process of reproducing by new construction the exact form and detail of a vanished building, structure, or object, or a part thereof, as is appeared at a specific period of time. Rehabilitation The process of returning a property to a state of utility, through repair or alteration, which makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions and features of the property which are significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values. Replication Constructing a building so that it is an exact replica or imitation of an historic architectural style or period. Restoration The act or process of accurately taking a building's appearance back to a specific period of time by removing later work and by replacing missing earlier features to match the original Retain To keep secure and intact. In the guidelines, "retain" and "maintain" describe the act of keeping an element, detaiL, or structure and continuing the same level of repair to aid in the preservation of elements, sites and structures. Re-use To use again. An element, detail, or structure might be reused in historic districts. Rhythm Regular occurrence of elements or features such as spacin§ betweer~ bu Id ngs Ridge The top horizontal member of a roof where the sloping surfaces meeT. Rusticated Roughening ~f stonework of concrete blocks to give greater articulation to each block. Sash The moveable framework containing the glass in a window. Segmental arch An a~¢h Whose profile or radius is less' than a semicircle. Se.m,.i-circUlar arch A~ai(~h Whose profile or fa'dias is ~ half-circle the diameter of which equals the open,ng width. Setting The sum of a~tl~ibUtes of a locality, neighborhood, or property that ~lefines its bl'i~cter. Scale Proportional elements that demSr~strate the size, materials, and style of building~ ' STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200f GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Sheathing An exterior covering of boards of other surface applied to the frame of the structure. (see SidinG) Shed roof A gently-pitched, almost flat roof with only one slope. ShinGle Style Architectural style of the late ~lGth century which features frame dwellinGs largely covered with wood shingles on both floors. ShinGles Wood which is split into flat shinG les and different shapes. Wood shingles are common elements to the Queen Anne and BunGalow styles. SideliGht A vertical area of fixed Glass on either Side of a door or window. Siding The exterior wall covering or sheathing of a structure. SiGnificant Having particularly important associations within the contexts of architecture, history, and culture. Sill The bottom crosspiece of a window frame. Slate Thin sections of stone which were used as a roof surface material for pre-~1945 dwellings. Spindles Slender, elaborately turned wood dowels or rods often use~ in screens an~: porch trim. Stabilization The act or process of applying measures essential to the maintenance of a deteriorated building as it exists at pr~esent, establishing structural stability and a weather-resistant enclosure. streetscape The distinguishing character of a particular street as created by'its width, degree of curvature, paving *naterials, design of the street furniture, and forms of surrounding buildings. Stretcher bond A brickwork pattern where courses are laid flat with the long?stretcher" edge exposed, ~tyle A type of architecture distinGuishe(t by special characteristics of structu're and ornament and often related in time; also a eneral qua ty of a d s. tin~t ve character Surround An encircliti~;§.0t'der or decorative frame, usually at windows or doors. swag Carved omame~/on the form of a cloth draped over supports or in the form of a garland of fruits and flowers, Transom A horizontal opening (or bar) over a door or window. ? STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 GLOSSARY OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION TERMS, continued Trim The decorative framing of openings and other features on a facade. Turret A small slender tower. Veranda A covered porch or balcony on a building's exterior. Vergeboard The vertical face .board following and set under the roof eoge of a gable, sometimes decorated by carving. Vernacular A regional form ar adaptation of an architectural style. Wall dormer Dormer created by the upward extension of a wall and a breaking of the roofline. Water table A projecting horizontal ledge, intended to prevent water from running down the face of a wall's lower section. Weatherboard Wood siding consisting of overlapping boards usually thicker at one edge than the other. STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 200'/ RESOURCES AVAILABLE FROM THE CARNEGIE-STOUT LIBRARY About Fences Adhesion of Paint to Weathered Wood The Alliance Review: Side-Swiped? Synthetic Siding Still a Sticky Issue for Commissions Artificial Siding: Problems & Concerns Asbestos and Lead-Based Paint: A Nationwide Problem A Victorian Garden The Best Way to Build A Fence Effect of Weathering of New Wood on the Subsequent Performance of Semitransparent Stains Eliminating Lead Hazards Financing Historic Preservation: A guide to local, state, and federal financing for historic preservation projects Grand Millwork Catalog for Home Builders Historic Preservation: It's role and responsibilities of the Historic Preservation Commission Historic Preservation: What it means for property owners and communities Introduction to Leadlock Encasement Products Lead in Drinking Water Liquid Wood Main Street: Keeping Up Appearances-Storefront Guidelines Maintenance of Gutters National Register Bulletin ¢¢39: Researching a Historic Property Painting the American House 1820-1920 Photodegradation of WOod Affects Paint Adhesion Porches Preservation BriefS2: Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Brick Buildings PreServation Brief#9: Th:e Repair of Historic Wooden Windows Preservation Bdef #10: Exterior Paint Problems on Histodc Woodwork STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 RESOURCES AVAILABLE FROM THE CARNEGIE-STOUT LIBRARY, Continued Preservation Brief #28: Painting Historic Interiors Preservation Tech Notes: Windows - Interior Storm Windows: Magnetic Seal The Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings: A guide to the restoration, rehabilitati~on and preservation of historic buildings in the City of Dubuque, Iowa Respirators for Lead Substitute Siding: Take it off...Here's How Theme Gardens Why Bother to Paint Wood Before it Weathers? Why Save Wood Windows? STREETSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES City of Dubuque, Iowa 2001 CITY OF DUBUQUE CONTACTS City of Dubuque Historic Preservation Commission Dubuque County Historical Society Center for Dubuque History (Loras College) Building Services Department · Building Permits, Demolition Permits, Sign Permits Housing and Community Development · Lead Abatement, Rehabilitation Loans Economic Development Department · FaCade Grant, Downtown Rehabilitation Loans Engineering Department · Construction in the Public Right-of-Way Planning Department · Historic Preservation Design ReView Preservation Homeowner Grant Revolving Loan ulations ;lulations (563) 589-4210 (563) 557-9545 (563,) 588-7163 (563) 589-4150 (563) 589-4230 (563) 589-4393 (563) 589-4270 (563) 589-4210