EPA 2.5 PM Advance Program- Path Forward Air Quality Plan Copyright 2014
City of Dubuque Action Items # 8.
ITEM TITLE: EPA 2.5 PM Advance Program- Path Forward Air Quality Plan
SUMMARY: City Manager recommending submittal of the EPA PM Advance Program,
Path Forward Plan Draft to the EPA for their comment and consideration.
SUGGESTED DISPOSITION: Suggested Disposition: Receive and File; Approve
ATTACHMENTS:
Description Type
❑ EPA 2.5 PM Advance Program-Path Forward-MVM Memo City Manager Memo
❑ Memo-November 2014 Staff Memo
❑ Memo-January 2014 Staff Memo
❑ Advance PM Final Draft Supporting Documentation
THE CITY OF Dubuque
UBE I
erica .i
Masterpiece on the Mississippi 2007-2012-2013
TO: The Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM: Michael C. Van Milligen, City Manager
SUBJECT: Clean Air Attainment Strategy, EPA PM Advance Program, Path Forward
DATE: November 26, 2014
Public Health Specialist Mary Rose Corrigan and Sustainability Coordinator Cori
Burbach are recommending submittal of the EPA PM Advance Program, Path Forward
Plan Draft to the EPA for their comment and consideration. Path Forward was produced
by the Air Quality Task Force, consisting of City staff, Greater Dubuque Development
Corporation (GDDC), East Central Intergovernmental Association (ECIA), and Dubuque
Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (DMATS). The Draft was reviewed by Dubuque
Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (DMATS) at their November 13, 2014 meeting
and approved with some minor modifications.
In addition to DMATs, the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission has also
reviewed the plan. The Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission recommends
adding opportunities for public education. The Commission also stated that public input
to the plan is lacking, along with a connection to air quality data.
Upon submitting the draft Path Forward to EPA Air Quality staff, they will provide input
and feedback on our plan. The Air Quality Task Force will consider EPA's input in the
final Path Forward draft, which will be subject once again to DMAT's and City Council
approval.
Upon submittal, EPA Air Quality staff will review the plan, and provide comments and
suggestions back to the Task Force for consideration. Any revisions to this draft plan
will be brought to DMATS and the City Council for approval prior to final submittal to
EPA. The EPA PM Advance Program is a voluntary program designed to maintain air
quality compliance with the standards. Therefore, it is the City's intent to work regularly
with EPA staff as the plan is developed and implemented.
I concur with the recommendation and respectfully request Mayor and City Council
approval.
Mic ael C. Van Milligen'
MCVM:jh
Attachment
cc: Barry Lindahl, City Attorney
Cindy Steinhauser, Assistant City Manager
Teri Goodmann, Assistant City Manager
Mary Rose Corrigan, Public Health Specialist
2
NU�
OF Dubuque
Ill
S E
Masterpiece on the Mississippi
TO: Mike Van Milligen, City Manager
FROM: Mary Rose Corrigan, Public Health Specialist
Cori Burbach, Sustainability Coordinator
SUBJECT: Clean Air Attainment Strategy, EPA PM Advance Program, Path Forward
DATE: November 24, 2014
INTRODUCTION
This memorandum provides information regarding the attached Path Forward Plan for
implementing a Clean Air Attainment Strategy in conjunction with the EPA PM Advance
program.
BACKGROUND
In February 2014, the City Council approved the City working with LDDC, ECIA, and
DMATS in participating in the EPA's PM Advance Program (see attached January 27,
2014 City Council Agenda Memo). Since that time, the Air Quality Task Force, has been
formulating the Path Forward. The Path Forward is a five year plan that provides a
schedule for implementation of various activities designed to maintain and improve the air
quality, specifically PM 2.5.
DISCUSSION
The DMATs Policy Board approved the draft plan at their November 13, 2014 meeting.
The DMATs Board recommended we make minor edits and add current air quality
standards, which we are requesting from DNR and EPA.
In addition to DMATs, the Environmental Stewardship Advisory Commission has also
reviewed the plan. The ESAC recommend adding opportunities for public education.
The Commission also stated that public input to the plan is lacking, along with a
connection to air quality data.
Upon submitting the draft Path Forward to EPA Air Quality staff, they will provide input
and feedback on our plan. The Air Quality Task Force will consider EPA's input in the
final Path Forward draft, which will be subject once again to DMAT's and City Council
approval.
RECOMMENDATION
I recommend the City Council approve the draft Path Forward for submittal to the EPA
PM Advance Program.
1
COUNCIL ACTION
Authorize staff to submit the draft Path Forward to EPA.
cc Chandra Ravada, East Central Intergovernmental Association
Dave Lyons, Greater Dubuque Development Corporation
Rick Dickenson, Greater Dubuque Development Corporation
Bob Schiesl, Assistant City Engineer
2
THE CITY OF Dubuque
DuB E
III1.
Masterpiece on the Mississippi ,.2M-N13
TO: Mike Van Milligen, City Manager
FROM: Mary Rose Corrigan, Public Health Specialist
SUBJECT: Clean Air Attainment Strategy
DATE: January 27, 2014
INTRODUCTION
This memorandum provides information regarding the background and timeline for
developing a clean air attainment strategy in the city along with recommendations. This
memorandum contains information from EPA Memorandum PM Advance- Supporting
Local Efforts to Improve Air Quality document, January 17, 2013.
BACKGROUND
In 2009, air quality was discussed by DMATS due to the proposed new clean air act
standards, National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The closest EPA and Iowa
DNR certified air quality monitoring station located in Potosi, Wisconsin, showed the PM
2.5 Air Quality results approaching "non-attainment' status. The Potosi station is
monitored by the Wisconsin DNR which in turn shares the data collection with the Iowa
DNR. This monitoring site will continue to serve as an indicator of air quality in this area.
The Potosi monitor is near or at the NAAQS. Also of concern was possibility of the PM
2.5 standard being lowered from 35 (micrograms per cubic meters) to 30 (micrograms
per cubic meter), which would then put Dubuque into the non-attainment status. This
was of concern to DMATS not only for the public health risk to the community but also
because of the impacts of non-attainment.
When an area (usually a county or metropolitan area) is designated as a "non-
attainment' (NA) area under the Clean Air Act, serious repercussions result immediately.
These may come in the form of increased costs to industry, permitting delays, restrictions
on industry expansion within the area, as well as impacts to transportation planning.
Increased costs may occur to businesses and consumers due to special requirements for
vehicles, fuels sold in the area, and for commercial and consumer products. Possible
consequences of non-attainment may include:
-Loss of industry and economic development in and around the Area. Companies
interested in building a major manufacturing plant will likely not build in a NA area due to
the increased costs, delays, and uncertainties associated with the restrictive permit
requirements.
1
-Loss of federal highway and transit funding. Federally supported highway and transit
projects may be halted in a NA area if the state cannot demonstrate that the project will
cause no increase in applicable emissions.
-New emissions in the Area must be "offset," or the unit cannot be built. Companies must
offset the projected emissions of the proposed new plant or major modification by
purchasing unused emission credits from others, or by reducing their own emissions. The
ability to purchase emissions credits becomes increasingly difficult as the available
emissions credits are used up over time. Similarly, the ability to reduce existing emissions
at a plant that is proposing a major modification may be difficult or impossible for sources
that already meet stringent standards and have installed emissions control equipment.
Where no offset can be found, the project may not go forward. In ozone NA areas, offsets
typically must be greater than 1 :1 ratio (e.g., a ton of offsets per ton of emissions).
-Compensation for Foreign Sources of Emissions. Certain States may also have to
compensate for contributions to ambient concentrations in an area coming from foreign
sources (such as Canada) in order to reach attainment with the NAAQS.
-Additional restrictive permitting requirements that are not applied in attainment areas.
Companies that plan to build a new facility or construct a major modification to an existing
facility in, or near, a NA area will be required to install the most effective emission
reduction technology without consideration of cost. Less stringent controls may be
installed in attainment areas. The permitting process can be expected to last a year or
longer as the company demonstrates that its proposal will meet all of the applicable NA
requirements. These differences would tend to discourage new business investments in
NA areas compared with moving to an attainment area.
-Greater EPA involvement and oversight in permit decisions. EPA may intervene and
require permit revisions, even after the state and company seeking the permit have
negotiated the terms of a final permit. This causes tremendous uncertainty, delays, and
increased costs in the permitting process.
-Continuing oversight by EPA even after the NA area meets the standard. Before a NA
area can be redesignated as an attainment area, EPA must determine that: 1) the area
has met the standard (for ozone, this means it must be in attainment for three full years);
2) the improvement in the area's air quality is due to permanent and enforceable
emissions reductions; and 3) the area has an approved maintenance plan and an
approved contingency plan that contain enforceable requirements to keep the area from
lapsing into NA.
-Technical and Formula Changes for Commercial and Consumer Products. In order to
meet the NAAQS standard, some State Implementation Plans may include regulations
that would reduce the pollutant or its chemical "precursors" (e.g., for ozone, certain types
of Volatile Organic Compounds [VOC]), by requiring changes to operating processes, to
a product's technical design, or to the actual chemical formulation of commercial or
consumer products, such as paint, which may result in increased costs to users or
differences in performance. (From Environmental Council)
2
Dubuque Air Quality Task Force Representatives Chandra Ravada, ECIA and Tim Link,
City of Dubuque Health Services Department visited the Bi-State Regional Commission
in the Quad Cities in June, 2009 to learn about their air quality activities. DMATS then
invited the DNR to conduct an informational air quality meeting on November 5, 2009.
The meeting was sponsored by the City of Dubuque, and ECIA and included industry
representatives from the area (See attached PowerPoint presentation). The DNR staff
explained proposed regulations, PM 2.5 information and basic voluntary and preventative
measures for improving air quality.
In March 2010, City and ECIA staff along with representatives from Alliant, John Deere,
and AY McDonald had a phone conference with Lisa MacKinnon, Coordinator, Dane
County, WI Clear Air Coalition. She explained the Dane County Coalition conducts
activities including educational outreach and encouraging pledges from cities and
industries for what they can do to reduce air emissions. The core staff group, referred to
as the Air Quality Task Force, consisted of: Chandra Ravada (ECIA), Rick Dickinson
(Greater Dubuque Development Corporation), Mary Rose Corrigan, Bob Schiesl, and
Cori Burbach. We continued to meet regarding the topic to study options for air quality
activities and have expanded the group to include Casey Muhm of Greater Dubuque
Development Corporation.
In 2010, The Greater Dubuque Development Corporation commissioned a study to
evaluate the data collected from the Potosi Air Monitoring station and determine if
Dubuque was the cause of the PM 2.5 emissions and/or what the trends were regarding
the data. The study revealed that atmospheric conditions, weather, and Mississippi
Valley terrain affect the PM 2.5 levels at the Potosi Monitoring Station. The Air Quality
Task Force decided not to do a Phase 2 study due to the potential of the NAAQS non-
attainment, the fact that the first study did not show any conclusive information, and
existing prevailing winds from the south impacting the patterns and results, etc.
Chanda Ravada contacted Region 7 EPA Air Quality contact, Amy Bhesania. In March
2013, we arranged a phone conference meeting with Ms. Bhesania of EPA. She stated
that creating a group that works on Air Quality in a proactive way is one method for a
community to develop actions for maintaining attainment status. A new EPA program,
PM Advance, is designed to promote local actions to reduce fine particle pollution (PM
2.5) and its precursors and to help areas continue to maintain the PM 2.5 NAAQS. The
program encourages state, tribal, and local governments to take proactive steps to keep
their air clean.
On May 13, 2013, the Air Quality Task Force again phone conferenced with Amy
Bhesania to discuss the PM Advance program. The PM Advance program may assist an
area with efforts aimed at (1) reducing air pollution, (2) ensuring continued healthy air
quality levels, (3) avoiding violations of the NAAQS that could potentially lead to a
nonattainment designation and associated requirements, and (4) increasing public
awareness about PM2.s as an air pollutant, and why PM reductions are important for
public health.
DISCUSSION
3
Taking steps to reduce emissions of PM 2.5 and its precursors key will help improve air
quality and may also help avoid future violations of the PM2.s NAAQS, which have been
established to protect human health. Many measures that a local government, tribe or
state may choose to implement could result in multi-pollutant benefits. For example,
reductions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) can lead to lower ambient ozone levels as well as
reduced PM 2.5 levels, and reductions in greenhouse gases may be an additional co-
benefit. An area interested in taking proactive steps to address PM2.s has the
opportunity to choose voluntary control measures that could result in co-benefits per the
area's unique situation.
The PM Advance does not establish new or avoid existing regulatory requirements. To
apply for participation and PM Advance, an area must submit a brief letter expressing the
willingness to coordinate with EPA, State, Tribal and/or local state groups and to quickly
implement measures to reduce PM. Specific measures do not need to be identified in the
sign-up letter, although if the applicant would like to highlight existing measures and
programs they are welcome to do so. A full explanation of PM Advance can be found at
www.epa.gov/ozonepmadvance.
The program is designed around creating a "path forward" with the latest measures
and/or programs an area will implement and provide a schedule for the implementation of
each one. It is recommended to create a path forward within one year of applying for the
PM Advance Program. EPA will provide technical assistance for developing and
implementing the Path Forward. EPA will not approve or disapprove the commitments
made by the state, tribe, and/or local government. However, EPA may provide feedback
to the area regarding whether commitments are likely to result in emission reductions
and/or other public health benefits. The path forward developed for the area can be
submitted by a state and/or a tribe and/or a local government, although preferably it
would be submitted jointly by all of the program participants. The letter should specify
actions the signatories have agreed to implement to reduce PM 2.5 concentrations and
thereby improve local air quality. The path forward is not a federally enforceable
document and does not institute any legal or financial obligations on any entity.
The following are the steps for participating in PM Advance:
1. Send a Sign-Up Letter to EPA
The state, tribe, and/or local government will send a sign-up letter to EPA. EPA will
review the letter to ensure the eligibility criteria described in Question 4 above are met; if
so, EPA will accept them into the program. The sign-up letter should express the
willingness of all of the signatories to coordinate with each other and with EPA and to
quickly implement measures and other programs to reduce PM 2.5. Specific measures
do not need to be identified in the sign-up letter. The letter should be signed by the
appropriate local, state, and/or tribal official(s) with the authority to implement the
program and to assist in leveraging staff and program funds as needed.
2. Identify Available Information Regarding the Area's PM 2.5 Issues
This information could relate to the sources of direct PM 2.5 or secondary PM 2.5, the
degree of the local contribution to PM 2.5 based on available modeling by EPA or others,
4
the appropriate area from which emissions reductions should occur, and existing or
upcoming control measures and programs affecting sources in the area. EPA and IDNR
have already provided some air quality data for Dubuque.
3. Secure Stakeholder Participation
Current stake holders include the City of Dubuque, ECIA, and LDDC. Community and
industry participation will be included as part of the path forward, along with Iowa DNR
and EPA Region 7 Air Quality staff.
4. Coordinate Control Strategy Development
PM Advance participants should consider a variety of emission reduction measures and
programs, which may include traditional control measures as well as other measures,
policies, and programs related to, for example, energy efficiency and mobile sources.
PM Advance also provides an opportunity to test new environmental technologies. EPA
is available to assist areas that are interested in exploring their options for potential
measures and programs that could be included in their PM Advance path forward/action
plan and will also provide technical assistance.
PM Advance participants will develop, at a minimum, a basic "path forward," i.e. a full
description of the measures and/or programs the area will implement along with a
schedule for the implementation of each one. EPA encourages participating areas to
consider developing a broader, more robust "action plan" (in lieu of a basic path forward)
that would provide the area's path forward along with background on the area's PM2.s
issues and additional detail about the area's plans for addressing it. Although an action
plan is not a requirement for participation in PM Advance, it could serve as a useful
blueprint for the area to reference in working with stakeholders and as a focal point for
public recognition of the area's efforts to improve air quality. Basic elements of the action
plan would include:
• Summary
• Description of the measures and programs to be implemented, responsible
parties, how the measure will be implemented
• Implementation schedule for each measure and program
• Provisions for public and stakeholder involvement
6. Submit a Path Forward to EPA
Once the area has sought stakeholder involvement and input, the area will send a path
forward to EPA that describes the measures/programs the area will implement and
provides a schedule for the implementation of each measure/program selected. The
area may also describe any measures/programs already in place in order to provide a
fuller view of the efforts underway.
The University of Iowa College of Engineering is working with the City of Dubuque, and
the Air Quality Task Force to submit an EPA education grant application. Part of the
application will include the development of the "path forward" plan and community air
quality education elements.
6. Implement Path Forward Per Schedule and Provide Annual Status Updates
5
Program participants should begin implementing the measures and programs specified in
the Path Forward immediately, per the schedule laid out in the path forward. Participants
should stay in communication with EPA periodically throughout the program. In addition,
each year from the time the path forward is sent to EPA, a participating area should
briefly summarize the status of each of the area's measures and programs undertaken
under PM Advance (including a comparison between current status for each
measure/program as compared with the schedule laid out in the path forward letter),
current air quality, stakeholder meetings/events, and any other information the area
would like to highlight. Areas should commit to approximately five years for Path Forward
implementation.
7. Apply for Federal Grants, if Desired
There is currently no funding associated specifically with the PM Advance program,
however where appropriate EPA may provide preferred status to PM Advance
participants when applying for existing EPA grants programs. One such grant program is
EPA's Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) program, which provides grant funding to
eligible entities to reduce diesel emissions by retrofitting, repowering, and replacing older
diesel engines. EPA staff also recommended applying for the EPA Education Grant
referenced previously, which we are doing in conjunction with Dr. Charles Stanier,
University of Iowa College of Engineering.
RECOMMENDATION
I recommend the city work with partners in the Air Quality Task Force (LDDC, ECIA,
DMATS) in participating in EPA's PM Advance Program. DMATS will be finalize
participation in PM Advance at their next meeting and submit the letter to EPA.
BUDGETIMPACT
The Air Quality Task Force is researching other communities of Dubuque's size who
are in the PM Advance Program to determine potential resources and best practices.
Pending EPA Education Grant funding, we will secure University of Iowa to create the
PM Advance Path Forward and action plan.
COUNCIL ACTION
Authorize the Mayor, to sign the attached letter supporting DMATS participation in
EPA's PM Advance Program.
cc Cori Burbach, Sustainability Coordinator
Bob Schiesl, Assistant City Engineer
6
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DUBUQUE9S PATH FORWARD TO IMPROVED
• QUALITY
2014
u repiere o„mc Masittlppi GreaterDubuque
Help reduce emissions in order to improve health protections and to
remain in attainment
Contents
COMMUNITY OVERVIEW 1
ACTION PLAN-IMMEDIATE-POINT SOURCE 5
ACTION PLAN-IMMEDIATE-MOBILE 7
ACTION PLAN-LONG TERM 9
ACTION PLAN -ASSURING CITIZEN,STAKEHOLDER AND ENGAGEMENT 11
APPENDIX 1-DUBUQUE COUNTY AND CITY MAP 13
APPENDIX 2 -DUBUQUE AWARDS 14
APPENDIX 3 -PATH FORWARD PARTNERS INFORMATION 25
APPENDIX 4-DUBUQUE COUNTY PM EMISSIONS DATA 27
APPENDIX 5 -DUBUQUE AIR QUALITY STUDY 54
APPENDIX 6 -DUBUQUE HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND HEALTH IMPROVEMENT PLAN
62
APPENDIX 7-DUBUQUE FIRE REGULATIONS 110
APPENDIX 8-PETAL PROJECT 114
COMMUNITY OVERVIEW
Dubuque is the oldest incorporated community in the state, encompassing 30 square miles adjacent to
the Mississippi River in eastern Iowa(see appendix 1 for map). Anchoring a region that encompasses portions
of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois, Dubuque serves as the hub for commerce, recreation, and population in the tri-
states area. Long a center for manufacturing, early industry in Dubuque evolved from mining and fur-trading to
encompass button making, boat building, logging, millworking, meat packing, and other heavy industries in its
first hundred years. In the latter half of the 20th century, the community's economy has diversified from its
manufacturing base and now includes finance and insurance, professional services, information technology, and
more. In addition, Dubuque is now a major retail, medical, and higher education destination for the tri-states
area and beyond.
More recently, the story of Dubuque has been about revival and revitalization. Dubuque was a city
experiencing difficult times beginning in the early 1980s, suffering from double-digit unemployment, an exodus
of residents from the community and the state, and struggling businesses. Dubuque was the hardest-hit
community in what was then the worst recession since the Great Depression, and at one point had the highest
unemployment rate of any metropolitan area in the nation. However, leadership from both the private and public
sectors has been able to turn the tide over the past three decades by focusing on redeveloping numerous parts of
the community and expanding Dubuque's commercial and industrial base.
The Dubuque of today is Iowa's tenth-largest city, with three percent of the state's population the
Dubuque Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is responsible for over eight percent of the net job gain in the
state over the last four years, serving as a model for economic transformation in the Midwest (see appendix two
for recent awards).
DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (DUBUQUE COUNTY)
Population (2013): 95,697
Population (2010): 93,653
Population under 18 (2013 percent): 23.1 percent
Population over 65 (2013 percent): 15.9 percent
Median Household Income (2012): $50,885
Persons below Poverty Level (2012 percent): 10.3 percent
Unemployment Rate (2013): 4.5 percent
Average Hourly Wage (2013 Private Sector): $23.38
PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS
This Path Forward plan is the collaboration of a wide range of local and regional entities, including, but
not limited to, Dubuque Metropolitan Area Transportation Study, City of Dubuque, East-Central Inter-
Page 1 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
governmental Association and the Greater Dubuque Development Corporation. (For more detailed information
on partners, see appendix 3)
EMISSIONS DATA
The overwhelming majority of PM 2.5 emissions produced in Dubuque County are generated from non-
point sources; specifically, the large majority of the emissions are generated by agricultural tilling and roadways
(both unpaved and paved). The next largest category of PM 2.5 emissions is mobile sources such as heavy-duty
diesel vehicles, light-duty gasoline vehicles, and off-road diesel and gasoline equipment. Following that are
point-source emissions, with the bulk of these emissions being produced by a small number of identified
sources.
As will be outlined, significant efforts are already underway in the community on point-source
emissions with additional efforts under active development. Innovative efforts are also being undertaken on
mobile sources as well. These efforts will drastically reduce the level of emissions in Dubuque.
A summary of PM 2.5 and other emissions by source category below and additional data is attached in
appendix 4. Iowa DNR and EPA will provide standards/attainment re ements for these emissions.
Source Category/Pollutant PM-2.5 SO2 NOx VOC NH3
Point(Title V) 50 112 224 459 34
Point(Minor) 44 1 51 141 1
Nonpoint 1,791 40 595 2,159 4,191
Mobile 128 20 2,616 1,600 32
Biogenics 329 31852
Events 21 2 5 54 4
Total I 2,035 1 1761 3,8201 8,266 4,262
Page 2 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
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ADDITIONAL DATA
In addition to publicly available data provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR), the community financed a study in 2011 to examine the
external sources of PM 2.5 emissions. While Dubuque is making significant progress in reducing its emissions,
the study (conducted by climate researchers at the University of Wisconsin and the University of Northern
Iowa) found that a substantial level of PM 2.5 emissions in Dubuque County are generated from sources many
miles south of Dubuque and carried northward by persistent winds, often resulting in high PM 2.5
measurements. PM 2.5 levels in Dubuque are exacerbated by the atmosphere's inability to mix air vertically,
especially in colder months.
A summary of the researchers'findings is below, and the full study is included as Appendix 5.
"While there is variability between cases within the high and low sets examined in this project, it is still
possible to make some summary statements. The average virtual potential temperature profiles for the high
PM2.5 cases consistently depict a stably stratified atmosphere that would resist vertical mixing of air pollution
by turbulent processes. On the other hand, the average profiles for the low cases consistently depict a mixed
layer where turbulence would act to reduce the concentration ofparticulates at the surface. Both HYSPLIT back
trajectory calculations and surface wind roses indicate that winds at and near the surface most commonly have
a southerly component in the high cases, and a northwesterly component in the low cases. However, southerly
surface winds at Dubuque are not necessarily a good predictor ofPM2.5 concentration at Potosi. South winds
are common at Dubuque every month of the year, yet high PM2.5 episodes are more strongly associated with
cold than warm months. The suggestion is that the atmosphere's ability to mix air vertically is a dominant
process in explaining high PM2.5 measurements. As seen in this study, the thermodynamic structure of the
lower atmosphere is notably and quantifiably different when PM2.5 measurements are high."
GOAL OF THIS PATH FORWARD
• Outline and recommit to immediate actions being taken.
• Discuss and strategize additional actions under development.
• Assure additional citizen, stakeholder and expert input on future efforts.
• Assess if local action alone can maintain attainment standards.
Page 4 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
CURRENT PROJECTS UNDERWAY - IMMEDIATE - POINT SOURCE
EMISSIONS FROM LARGEST POINT-SOURCE IN THE COMMUNITY HAVE BEEN ELIMINATED
Jeld-Wen, one of the world's largest manufacturers of wood doors and windows, operated a
manufacturing plant in down-town Dubuque since 1978. This plant, which manufactured door skins using
wood fibers, was the single-largest point source emitter of PM 2.5 emissions in Dubuque County. For example,
in 2012 Jeld-Wen released 25.62 tons of PM 2.5, which is more than double the next-highest PM 2.5 emissions
contributor in the community. The community worked with Jeld-Wen in 2011 on a plan to actively manage PM
2.5 and precursor emissions. In 2013, Jeld-Wen ceased operation of the plant in Dubuque completely. As the
plant is outdated and the site is located adjacent to the Millwork District(a fast growing urban-revitalization and
housing area).
EMISSIONS FROM THE COMMUNITY'S ENERGY PLANT HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED AND WILL BE
ELIMINATED
The community receives its electrical power from Alliant Energy, a regulated private utility operating in
Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota. Alliant has historically provided power to the community by operation of the
Interstate Power and Light Dubuque Generating Facility, a 61-MW coal fired power plant located on the
Dubuque riverfront. That plant has been the largest CO2e generator in the community, as well as one of the five
largest PM 2.5 emitters. In 2011 Alliant switched the generation fuel source from coal to natural gas,
significantly reducing emissions. hi addition, the hours of operation for the facility since 2011 have been
significantly reduced, also curtailing emissions. Lastly Alliant has filed notice that it will cease operation
completely of the Dubuque Generating Facility in early 2015, removing the remaining emissions from this
source.
EMISSIONS FROM COMMUNITY'S LARGEST EMPLOYER WILL BE REDUCED
The largest employer in Dubuque is the John Deere Dubuque Works. A manufacturer of farm, forestry
and construction equipment, it has also historically been one of the top five PM 2.5 emission sources in the
community. It has recently announced that it would cease coal fired energy production at its Dubuque facility.
In its initial filing with the Iowa Utilities Board on December 22, 2011, John Deere stated it was ceased the "use
of coal-fired generation for several reasons including implications of the proposed Maximum Achievable
Control Technology (MACT) standards" that are to control the release of mercury and other hazardous
pollutants. The Iowa Utilities Board had stated that the plant's annual net generation was 31,496 MWh prior to
conversion.
The City of Dubuque has undertaken significant efforts to reduce PM 2.5 and other emissions from the
operation of its own facilities.
Dubuque has committed record resources to the goal of upgrading City facilities, services and operations
to increase efficiency, reduce costs and improve environmental outcomes, including the reduction of PM 2.5 in
the community. As an example, on October 3, 2013 the City of Dubuque held a ribbon-cutting to celebrate the
completion of a $65 million upgrade to the Water and Resource Recovery Center (formerly known as the Water
Page 5 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
Pollution Control Plant), the single largest capital investment in the community's history. Initially approved by
the City Council in 2008, the update included replacement of 40 year old incinerators and construction of four
high-capacity anaerobic digesters to treat wastewater and high-strength waste from commercial and industrial
sources. This process, often called "codigestion", generates biosolids that can be used as soil fertilizer on local
farmland and also produces biogas (largely methane) that is used to heat the digestion process and buildings at
the facility and generate electricity to operate the plant and sell back to the local utility. A study is underway to
consider converting the facility to produce renewable natural gas for transportation fuel. City projects such as
this contribute both directly and indirectly to PM 2.5 emission reductions in the community.
Page 6 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
ACTION PLAN - IMMEDIATE - MOBILE
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA DERA (DIESEL EMISSION REDUCTION ACT) PROGRAMMING
In 2005, the U.S. Congress passed the Diesel Emission Reduction Act (DERA) as an amendment to the
Energy Policy Act. DERA was designed to reduce diesel emissions from existing diesel fleets that did not meet
recently adopted federal emission standards. Through the State Allocated DERA Funding to Iowa, the Dubuque
Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (DMATS) received an $80,000 grant in 2014 to convert City of
Dubuque Public Works vehicles to utilize clean diesel technology.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA CONVERSION OF TRANSIT SYSTEM.
The Jule is the operator of mass transit systems and services within the City of Dubuque. The Jule offers
transit bus routes throughout the city, trolley-replica transportation in Downtown Dubuque and the Port of
Dubuque, and on-demand paratransit "MiniBus" service citywide. Operation of the Jule is the responsibility of
ECIA and is supervised by a director who reports to the Dubuque City Manager and acts on policy as given by
the Dubuque City Council, on advice of the Dubuque Transit Trustee Board. In 2011, The Jule updated the
entirety of its 1970s-era 28-vehicle fleet, with the smaller, right-sized busses running exclusively on clean
diesel. By reducing the size of some buses and replacing the entire fleet in 2011, emissions were reduced by
514 mt CO2e. In addition to a decrease in pollution from the fleet vehicles, a 28 percent increase in public
transit ridership in the last two years means that fewer single-occupancy vehicles are contributing to the PM 2.5
problem as well.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA USE OF ROUNDABOUTS
In addition to their improvements to public safety, roundabouts can claim numerous environmental
benefits, including decreased emissions due to reduced idling. Roundabouts often provide environmental
benefits by reducing vehicle delay and the number and duration of stops compared with signalized or all-way
stop-controlled alternatives. Even when there are heavy volumes, vehicles continue to advance slowly in
moving queues rather than coming to a complete stop. This can reduce noise and air quality impacts and fuel
consumption significantly by reducing the number of acceleration/deceleration cycles and the time spent idling.
DMATS and the City are partnering on these efforts and the design and construction of several roundabouts in
Dubuque. One at Grandview Ave and Delhi St is awaiting Notice of Funding award from the Iowa DOT, three
others are planned to be constructed in the next five years for the Southwest Arterial construction and an
additional one is under design and seeking funding at Radford Rd and Pennsylvania Ave as part of East/west
corridor Improvements.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA SIGNAL SYNCHRONIZATION
DMATS has long advocated for and worked towards improved traffic signal synchronization in the
Dubuque area, which can reduce idling and travel times, lowering emissions levels. Corridor-wide or regional
traffic flow improvements are designed to increase average travel speeds, reduce vehicle delay and idling, and
result in fewer vehicle accelerations and decelerations. Specific projects include traffic signal synchronization,
regional congestion management systems, and intersection improvements. Many of these projects involve
Page 7 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
elements of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) managed by the City. In general, traffic flow
improvements that reduce congestion should reduce emissions of most pollutants by improving the flow of
traffic and minimizing stop-and-go conditions and idling. This has been accomplished by interconnecting the
traffic signals with fiber optics, allowing communication between the signals. This, coupled with the
installation of traffic cameras allows for signal synchronization and real time signal adjustments according to
traffic flows. The major highways through Dubuque, US 20, the NW Arterial and US 52 (which utilizes Central
Ave and White Streets) have had significant results on fewer emissions from semi -trucks due to
synchronization of signals for dealing with hills and traffic.
Page 8 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
ACTION PLAN - LONG TERM
EMISSION REDUCTION THROUGH INCORPORATION OF AIR QUALITY INTO COUNTY HEALTH GOALS
As part of Dubuque County's Community Health Needs Assessment and Health Improvement Plan
(CHNA-HIP) for 2011-2016, a goal was adopted to reduce PM emissions. Specifically: By 2016 the air quality
in Dubuque County will be in compliance with the Clean AirAct standards by the number of days of moderately
unhealthy and unhealthy air days being reduced (from 22 and 2) and by maintaining attainment standards for
PM 2.5. There are numerous sub-goals, such as prohibiting open burning on bad air days and minimizing it
overall, providing public education to increase awareness of air quality problems, publicizing the current Air
Quality Index, and partnering with other organizations to reduce PM 2.5 emissions. A full copy of the Dubuque
Community Health Needs Assessment and Health Improvement Plan is attached as Appendix 6. The CHNA-
HIP is now being updated with community input, and will be completed by May, 2015.
EMISSION REDUCTION THROUGH PUBLIC/PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.
14
One reason that economic recovery and revitalization have occurred so dram ly in Dubuque has
been its use of unique public/private partnerships. As it relates to PM 2.5 emission redu tion, an example is the
Smarter Travel pilots with IBM. The City of Dubuque, along with national and local partners, collaborated with
IBM on its City-In-Motion project to conduct the Smarter Travel pilot studies. The Smarter Travel pilot studies
are part of Smarter Sustainable Dubuque, the City's partnership with IBM Research and the research
component of the Sustainable Dubuque initiative. Collaborators include the City of Dubuque, IBM Research,
The Jule, East Central Intergovernmental Association, and local private businesses. The projects were funded in
part by grants through the EPA Climate Showcase Communities Program, the Iowa Department of
Transportation's Iowa Clean Air Attainment Program and private partners such as IBM.
Dubuque's initial Smarter Travel pilot study used a smartphone application developed by IBM Research
and RFID technology to collect anonymous data on how, when and where volunteer participants travel within
the community. The anonymous, aggregate data collected was analyzed by IBM and the findings used by the
City of Dubuque and its transit partners to implement practices and policies that incorporate lower-cost and
lower-impact travel options within Dubuque (such as the redesign of transit routes). Like other Smarter
Sustainable Dubuque projects, this research was designed to give residents the information they need to do what
they want(reduce costs, save resources, and decrease their environmental impact). The goal of the research was
to identify options for all Dubuque commuters to save money, conserve resources, and improve the environment
through better travel choices. Possible outcomes from the on-going pilots include, but are not limited to:
reduced travel times, increased fuel efficiency, increased traffic safety, reduced vehicle miles traveled (VMT),
and reduced carbon monoxide emissions.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE
Earlier this year Dubuque broke ground on its sixteen million dollar intermodal transportation hub,
which will centralize innovative infrastructure for transportation conversions. First to be implemented is
Vehicle-to-Transit followed by Vehicle-to-Bike, Vehicle-to-Walk and even Vehicle-to-Rail. Innovative
Page 9 Dubuque's Path Forward to Improved Air Quality
infrastructures such as the intermodal facility, coupled with improved data from the Smarter Travel pilots, will
also allow acceleration of car-pool, van-pool and other shared ride systems.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA BUSINESS INNOVATION
The Dubuque business community is a leader in sustainability innovation and implementation. The
business community, coordinated by the Greater Dubuque Development Corporation (GDDC) through its
Innovation Consortium, develops and hosts specific business programming on sustainability. A recent example
impacting PM 2.5 is the Consortium's work on compressed Natural Gas Vehicles and infrastructure. For several
years, the City of Dubuque has explored the possibility of utilizing compressed natural gas (CNG) as a fleet and
vehicle fuel source. With leadership from Black Hills Energy and private fuel providers, the private sector has
embraced compressed natural gas as a more environmentally friendly vehicle fuel and private NG fleets and
fueling stations can now be found in Dubuque. The City of Dubuque is currently piloting the use of two CNG
pickup trucks and will explore the opportunity to convert additional vehicles to CNG in the future, with
potential fueling sources including methane from the Water and Resource Recovery Center, and Dubuque Area
Metropolitan Solid Waste Agency. On November 13, 2013 GDDC brought together natural gas supplier,
distributors and end users to discuss benefits (including return on investment) of expansion of NG fueling.
EMISSION REDUCTION VIA REGULATION.
While Dubuque is a community where positive change is most often achieved through discussion,
consensus and accommodation there are instances where direct regulation is considered and occurs. Attached as
Appendix 7 is Dubuque's adopted poliy on recreational burning. While not a primary contributor to PM 2.5, in
densely-populated areas, a large number of residents can be adversely impacted by the air quality resulting from
recreational fires and burning. To mitigate this, the City of Dubuque has adopted the International Fire Code
(IFC), which contains regulations and guidelines regarding recreational fires.
Page 10 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
ACTION PLAN - ASSURING CITIZEN, STAKEHOLDER AND
ENGAGEMENT
ENGAGING CITIZENS THROUGH EFFORTS LIKE SUSTAINABLE DUBUQUE'S WORK ON AIR QUALITY.
Beginning in 2006, the City of Dubuque has spearheaded an initiative known as Sustainable Dubuque.
After serving 10 years on the City Council, Roy D. Buol ran for the office of Mayor in 2005. His platform was
based upon "engaging citizens as partners," and what he heard from thousands of citizens was a consistent
theme surrounding water and air quality, recycling, green space, public transit, cultural vitality, accessibility and
downtown revitalization. During the 2006 City Council goal-setting process, Mayor Buol proposed and
received full support from his council colleagues to focus on sustainability as a City top priority, stating "cities
that get out in front on sustainability will have competitive economic advantages in the future." What soon
became known as Sustainable Dubuque is a City Council adopted, community-created, and citizen-led initiative
whose story officially begins in 2006. A City Council priority each year since, Sustainable Dubuque is
continually working to expand awareness, create partnerships, and encourage initiatives involving all sectors of
our community. Dubuque became an early leader on the sustainability front.
"Dubuque is a viable, livable, and equitable community that embraces economic prosperity,
environmental integrity, and social/cultural vibrancy to create a sustainable legacy for generations to come"
became the vision. In order to implement that vision, a citizen-based task force defined 12 key principles to
guide the community's path to a more sustainable future. These include: Regional Economy, Smart Energy Use,
Resource Management, Community Design, Green Buildings, Healthy Local Foods, Community Knowledge,
Reasonable Mobility Healthy Air, Clean Water, Native Plants and Animals and Community Health and Safety.
When the citizen task force brought its final recommendation for Sustainable Dubuque to the City
Council in 2008, it came with the support of the private, non-profit, and public sectors, as well as residents
because of the grassroots process that had been implemented at the outset. The Sustainable Dubuque framework
continues and has become the lens through which City operations are developed and analyzed. What Dubuque
is achieving collectively today through its Sustainable Dubuque model, is the direct result of the knowledge and
understanding that sustainability is a balanced approach to long term life quality It is a rare approach to life
quality where no one in the community is excluded...everyone who wants to do so, can and does participate and
contribute.
With the support of technical and education assistance through Advance PM, Dubuque would like to
increase the focus on Air Quality within its Sustainable Dubuque model.
ENGAGING THE ENTIRE BUSINESSES COMMUNITY THROUGH COLLABORATIONS LIKE THE PETAL PROJECT.
The Petal Project is a regional green business certification program designed to help businesses in the
Dubuque area adopt more environmentally-friendly business practices. The program provides businesses with a
simple framework for saving money and resources while establishing a community-wide definition of a green
business for consumers wishing to shop based on their values. Currently, 25 businesses in the Dubuque area are
participating in the Petal Project. These organizations span across a range of sectors including retail, education,
non-profit, manufacturing, finance, printing, and medical. Together these companies employ over 4,000 people.
Page 11 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Organizations in all sectors are encouraged to apply to the program. For additional information on the Petal
Project, see Attachment 8.
ENGAGING EXPERTS THROUGH GOVERNMENTAL COLLABORATIONS SUCH AS ADVANCE PM.
Dubuque has continually sought the input of state, national and international experts as it works toward
its Sustainable Dubuque vision. Advance PM is a perfect example of proactively engaging experts on a key
environmental issue. The areas and opportunities for technical assistance are many, with three specific areas of
interest to Dubuque at this time:
• Assistance in measuring progress from existing efforts and extrapolating into the future.
• Assessing the ability to improve capacity for change through scientific, educational and engagement
efforts in the community.
• Assessing whether local action alone can be sufficient to maintain attainment status.
44
APPENDICES 14
Appendix 1 —Dubuque County and City Map 14
Appendix 2 —Dubuque Awards
Appendix 3 —Path Forward Partners Information
Appendix 4—Dubuque County PM Emissions Data
Appendix 5 - Dubuque Air Quality Study
Appendix 6—Dubuque Health Needs Assessment and Health Improvement Plan
Appendix 7—Dubuque Fire Regulations
Appendix 8—Petal Project ILI)
Page 12 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
CITY OF D,U U: UE
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APPENDIX 2 - DUBUQUE AWARDS
EPA National Award for Smart Growth Achievement-2013
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)named Dubuque a recipient of its 2013 National Award for
Smart Growth Achievement. Competing in the "Corridor or Neighborhood Revitalization" category, Dubuque
was selected for revitalization efforts in the Historic Millwork District and Washington Neighborhood. The EPA
produced a video featuring Dubuque's efforts related to smart growth. The video will be shown at the awards
ceremony and link is available at:www.citvofdubuque.ore/smarterowthaward.
Read News Release
Dubuque
All-America City
1 '
2007
All-America City -2013,2012, 2007
For the third time in six years, Dubuque has been named an All-America City. The All-America City award
recognizes communities whose citizens work together to identify and tackle community-wide challenges and
achieve uncommon results. Awarded by the National Civic League, it is the nation's most prestigious and oldest
civic recognition program. Read News Release.
America's Crown Community - 2013, 2009,2003
Dubuque was one of only three cities in the country to receive this award. The award acknowledges the recent
completion of Dubuque's Water and Resource Recovery Center project, a three-year, $65 million upgrade of the
city's wastewater treatment plant.. Read News Release
Mov0TO
414 on "America's Best Small Cities To Move To" -2013
MOVOTO Real Estate named Dubuque to it's list of"America's Best Small Cities To Move To."
Page 14 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
iVA
FARMERS
INSURANCE
10th Most Secure Small City in the U.S. -2013
Farmers Insurance named Dubuque to it's list of most secure small cities in the U.S.
c.
Fastest-Growing Economy in Iowa in 2012, 27th Fastest-Growing Nationally- 2013
The U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis has named Dubuque the fastest-growing
economy in Iowa and the 27th fastest-growing nationally(2012)
THEEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY PROJECT
Dubuque Soars in Upward Mobility Or
Recent findings from The Equality of Opportunity Project show that children raised in the greater Dubuque area
are among the most likely in the nation to move upwards into a higher income class. The study, conducted by
researchers at Harvard University and the University of California, Berkeley, found that children who were born
to parents in the nation's lowest income quintile had a 17.9 percent chance of being in the highest income
quintile before reaching age 30. This is well above the national average of 10.6 percent and, of the 741
metropolitan commuting areas examined, places Dubuque in the top 60.
When compared to similar-sized commuting areas with a population between 150,000 and 200,000, Dubuque
ranks first out of 58, and by a sizable margin; Dubuque's 17.9 percent likelihood is 2.1 percent greater than the
next-highest probability, and is nearly double the national average of 9 percent. Dubuque ranks first among the
ten largest cities in Iowa, also, with nearly a 3 percent higher probability than the next-largest city at 14
percent.
To view the study findings, click here.
Page 15 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
KNip1minger
Timely,Trusted Personal Finance Advice and Business Forecasts
Ten Great Places to Live- Kiplinger, July 2013
Dubuque was named to Kiplinger Personal Finance's list of 10 Great Places to Live for 2013.
The rankings place an emphasis on small and mid-size cities, considering metro areas with a population of one
million or less that have good jobs, reasonably priced homes, decent schools and access to great health care,
according to anews release.
Click here for more information.
HARVARD KennedySchool
ASH CENTER
for Democratic Governance
and Innovation
Smarter Sustainable Dubuque Named to Top 25 Innovations in Government-Ash Center for Democratic
Governance and Innovation, May 2013
The Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation at the John F. Kennedy School of Government,
Harvard University has named Smarter Sustainable Dubuque as one of the Top 25 programs in this year's
Innovations in American Government Award competition. The Top 25 government initiatives represent the
dedicated efforts of city, state, federal, and tribal governments and address a host of policy issues including
crime prevention, economic development, environmental and community revitalization, employment,
education, and health care..
Read News Release
Changing the world in innovative ways
Dubuque Named 10th "Best-Performing" Small Metro - 2013
The Milken Institute's 2013 Best-Performing Cities Index, which ranks U.S. metropolitan areas by how well
they are creating and sustaining jobs and economic growth, ranks the Dubuque metropolitan area 10th out of
179 small U.S. metropolitan areas. Dubuque moved up 5 spots from 2011's 15th place ranking.
Page 16 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Forbes
Ranked 14th in Nation "Best Small Places for Business and Careers" - Forbes,August 2013
Dubuque has scored another U.S. Top 20 recognition ranking 14th on Forbes' list of"Best Small Places for
Business and Career."
The ranking took into consideration 12 metrics related to job growth (past and projected), costs (business and
living), income growth over the past five years, educational attainment(college and high school) and projected
economic growth through 2014.
Click here for more information
450 Among 179 Small Cities for "Cost of Doing Business" - 2013
Named 5th in the U.S. in "Top Metropolitan Areas" - Site Selection Magazine, 2013
The nation's leading publication for site-location and corporate real estate professionals has placed Dubuque
with some elite company for business growth and expansion. Site Selection Magazine's annual "Top
Metropolitan Areas"places Dubuque at 5th in the U.S. for Metro areas with under 200,000 people.
. ...BEST
COMMUNMES
tuG
100 Best Communities for Young People-2012, 2011, 2010,2008, 2007
The America's Promise Alliance 100 Best competition recognizes the 100 outstanding communities across
Page 17 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
America large and small, rural and urban that are the best places for young people to live and grow
up. Dubuque has been recognized for the honor in 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, and 2012.
IOWA.
WORKFORCE
DEVELOPMENT
41 in Iowa for Private Sector Job Growth - 2012, 2011,2010
Iowa Workforce Development ranks Dubuque as #1 in Iowa for Private Sector Job Growth in 2010, 2011, and
2012.
One of 26 Metros to Completely Recover Jobs Lost During Recession - 2012
The U.S. Conference of Mayors named Dubuque as one of only 26 metros to completely recover jobs lost
during the recession.
Atlanfic
(;,61 T1 E45
44 Among Overall Metros with the Biggest Average Annual Increases in Wages and Salaries - 2012
The Atlantic Cities named Dubuque as #4 among metros with the biggest average annual increases in wages and
salaries.
Page 18 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
AREADEVEWPMEN F
43 Among Top 20 Midwest Cities -2012
47 Among Top 50 Small Cities - 2012
46 Among Top 25 Small Cities in Economic Strength Factors - 2012
416 Among Top 100 Overall Cities -2012
48 Among Top 25 Small Cities in "Recession Busting" Factors - 2012
THE
COMMONWEALTH
FUND
42 Among Top 10 Places for Healthcare- 2012
A study by The Commonwealth Fund looked at 43 indicators of health system performance in four major areas:
access, prevention and treatments, costs and potentially avoidable hospital use, and health outcomes. Dubuque
was named#2 out of the Top 10 Places for Healthcare.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE
of CITIES
Second-Place Honors in the City Cultural Diversity Awards - 2012
The National League of Cities' National Black Caucus of Local Elected Officials awarded Dubuque second-
place honors in its City Cultural Diversity Awards, which showcase examples of how cities achieve excellence
in diversity.
Page 19 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
BUILDING RESILIENT REGIONS
F. JTF.. OF G 0 V I S T U D FS
Dubuque Ranks 45 for Resiliency - Building Resilient Regions, 2011
Dubuque was named one of the most resilient cities in the nation. The city was ranked fifth out of 361 cities
nationwide in a study of resiliency capacity that evaluates a community's economic capacity to bounce back
from adversity, strength of demographics, and community connectivity.
'a
Comprehensive Annual Financial Report(CAFR) Certificate of Achievement-2014
This is the Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting. The City has received this
award for 26 consecutive years. Read News Release
Distinguished Budget Presentation Award - 2014
According to the GFOA, this award reflects the commitment of the City and City staff to meeting the highest
principles of government budgeting. The City has received this award for nine consecutive years. Read
News Release
WROTOM
Top 20 in U.S. for Job Growth -2011
The Dubuque metropolitan statistical area ranks 18th nationally, the only Midwestern region in the U.S. Top 20
job growth rankings by Moody's. Moody's analyzes the top 392 metro areas in the country.
• r
CITY
ZL
Page 20 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Most Connected Locales in the U.S. -2010
Dubuque was named one of the seven "Most Connected Locales" in the United States in 2010 by Connected
World Magazine.
�rrGp�m
2010
International LivCom Awards, 3rd Place- 2010
Dubuque was named a third-place finalist and gold-standard community at the International Awards for Livable
Communities (LivCom). Dubuque was the highest-ranked American city in the "whole city" award category for
communities with populations of 20,000 - 75,000. Read News Release
Forbes
Best Small City to Raise a Family - 2010
Dubuque was named the top-ranked city in the nation on Forbes' list of"The Best Small Cities to Raise a
Family." The listing ranked cities with populations under 100,000 by quality-of-life measures that make living
easier for families, such as education level, median household income, rate of home ownership, housing
affordability, and average commute time. Read News Release
41 in the Nation among Mid-sized Cities for Projected Job Growth -2010
One of the Ten Smartest Cities on t Planet-2010
Fast Company, a business magazine,Fecently named Dubuque number eight among their Top 10 Smartest Cities
on the Planet. The magazine focused on IBM's impact on the city and the 2009 declaration that Dubuque would
become the "first integrated, smart city" in America, with interlocking systems watching the interplay between
water, electricity and transportation.
Dubuque was the only city in America on the list.
Page 21 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Healthy Iowa
Building a legacy of wellness
Healthv Iowa Communitv -2010
Dubuque was awarded for its efforts in wellness, activity, programming, financial commitment, measurability
and sustainability. Read News Release
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENI
4k, 0
_J COUNCIL
Excellence in Economic Development Award -2010
Dubuque earned the Excellence in Economic Development Award in the category of Public-Private Partnerships
for the redevelopment of the Roshek Building. This program annually recognizes the world's best economic
development programs and partnerships, marketing materials, and the year's most influential leaders.
Read News Release
�� COMM
All-Star Communitv - 2010
Dubuque was one of five of Iowa's 947 cities to be named a 2010 All-Star Community. The project was
recognized specifically for sustainability. The All-Star Community Award is one of the most prestigious honors
presented by the League to cities.
Read News Release
Page 22 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
o� Smarter Cities
A PROJECT OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL
One of 22 'Smarter Cities' in the U.S. -2010
The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) named Dubuque one of its "2010 Smarter Cities," a list of 22
municipalities that are leading the way in green power, energy efficiency, a d onservation.
Read News Release
AA
m
Distinguished Budget Presentation Award - 2010
According to the GFOA, this award reflects the commitment of the City and City staff to meeting the highest
principles of government budgeting. The City has received this award for five consecutive years. Read News
Release
Comprehensive Annual Financial Report(CAFR) Certificate of Achievement-2010
This is the Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting. The City has received this
award for 22 consecutive years. Read News Release
f
3
Excellence in Economic Development Award for Excellence in Historic Preservation-led Strategies -2009
Dubuque received the award for its commitment to research-based, market driven economic development in
helping grow the local economy. Read News Release
Page 23 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
vedbWa
Relocate America-S
PPR #
Places To Live
Top 100 Places to Live -2009
Awarded by RelocateAmerica.com to the Top 100 communities with visionary leaders, improving or thriving
economies including housing and realization of"green" initiatives. Read News Release
MOST LIVABLE
SMALL CITY AL
THE UNITED STATES
CONFERENCE OF MAYORS
Most Livable Small City -2008
Outstanding Achievement Award for Cities Under 100,000 Population. This award honors mayors and their city
governments for developing programs that enhance the quality of life in urban areas. Presented by the U.S.
Conference of Mayors. L
Page 24 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 3 - PATH FORWARD PARTNERS INFORMATION
Dubuque Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (DMATS)
The Dubuque Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (DMATS) is a tri-state Metropolitan Planning
Organization (MPO) located at the boundary intersections of the states of Iowa, Illinois and Wisconsin.
The committee is responsible for approving goals and plans for the development of a seamless
transportation system for the safe and efficient movement of people and goods within and between modes of
transportation (roads, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, transit, rail, water and air) in Dubuque County. DMATS
encourages and fosters cooperation between local, regional, state and federal agencies to discuss transportation
issues and plans. Examples of DMATS projects include the U.S. Highway 20 Corridor Study, Julien Dubuque
Bridge Capacity Improvements Study, and the Southwest Arterial planning and programming.
Greater Dubuque Development Corporation (GDDC)
Greater Dubuque Development is a regional economic development organization serving the Greater
Dubuque area. Greater Dubuque Development focuses on business retention and expansion, workforce
solutions, new business recruitment, and sustainable innovation.
Business retention and expansion: Local employers are the source of more than 85 percent of the area's
job growth. They are key to Dubuque's success. Recognized as the number-one program in North America by
Business Retention and Expansion International, Greater Dubuque's InfoAction aims to continually identify and
assess the needs of the area's existing employers,then takes the necessary actions to address both challenges and
opportunities.
Workforce solutions: Greater Dubuque Development takes a unique, proactive approach to workforce
solutions in the Greater Dubuque area. Greater Dubuque provides incoming and existing businesses exceptional
workforce assistance and services. Greater Dubuque Development offers the tools that employers need for
recruiting talented workforce.
New business recruitment: Greater Dubuque Development is committed to the highest level of service to
businesses or site-locators considering a location in the Greater Dubuque area. From project conception to
reality, Greater Dubuque partners with businesses every step of the way, helping them navigate the course with
valuable resources, information, and services.
Sustainable innovation: Greater Dubuque Development is helping to create innovation in the Dubuque
region. Focusing on sustainability, analytics, and entrepreneurial development, Greater Dubuque provides
support and solutions to our existing business base, entrepreneurs, and region.
City of Dubuque
Dubuque operates under the council-manager form of local government, which combines the political
leadership of elected officials in the form of a city council, with the managerial experience of an appointed local
Page 25 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
government manager. The current City Manager is Michael C. Van Milligen, who has served in this capacity
since 1993. The council-manager form of government was adopted by citizen referendum in 1920. Mayor Roy
D. Buol and the Dubuque City Council members are the leaders and policy makers elected to represent the
community and to concentrate on policy issues that are responsive to citizens' needs and wishes. The city
manager is appointed by the city council to carry out policy The city council also appoints the city attorney and
city clerk. The council is the legislative body; its members are the community's decision makers. Power is
centralized in the elected council, which approves the budget and determines the city portion of the tax rate, for
example. The council also focuses on the community's goals, major projects, and such long-term considerations
as community growth, land use development, capital improvement plans,-capital financing, and strategic
planning. The council hires a professional manager to carry out the administrative responsibilities and
supervises the manager's performance.
The Dubuque City Council consists of seven elected representatives: a mayor and two council members
elected at large, and one council member elected from each of Dubuque's four wards. The mayor and other
council members serve four-year staggered terms. City council positions are considered part-time positions. The
mayor is a member of the city council and may vote on all matters before the council. The Dubuque City
Council meets on the first and third Monday of each month in the Council Chambers on the second floor of the
Historic Federal Building at 350 West 6th Street. City council agenda items are due in the city clerk's office in
City Hall by noon on the Wednesday preceding the council meeting. Copies of the agenda are available after
9:00 a.m. on the Friday preceding the meeting.
East Central Intergovernmental Association (ECIA) VIP
East Central Intergovernmental Association is committed/Corking with member governments, their
citizens, and others to empower eastern Iowa communities and enhance the quality of life in Cedar, Clinton,
Delaware, Dubuque and Jackson Counties. ECIA exists because of the need for local governments facing
similar problems to cooperate in finding solutions. Through ECIA membership, local governments share
resources they could not afford individually. The services and programs provided by ECIA cover six broad
categories: Community Development, Economic Development, Housing Assistance, Employment and Training,
Transit, and Transportation and Planning. The mission of ECIA is to work with member governments, their
citizens, and others to empower communities and enhance the quality of life throughout the region.
Page 26 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 4 - DUBUQUE COUNTY PM EMISSIONS DATA
Ordered Listing of PM2.5 Concentration -2006
60
v
v
50
y
40
a
o —
V 30
E
c
0
p 20
c
v
c 10
0
U
0
1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 113 120 127
Rank
Histogram for 2006- 128 Measurements
60
54
Fig. 1. Ranking of the 128 50
Potosi PM2.5 measurements in
2006 and their relative d 40 34
frequency. The 9 highest d 30
measurements (above the red17
20
line) were selected for further
study. 10
3 4
1 1
0
1.0-5.9 6.0-10.9 11.0-15.9 16.0-20.9 21.0-25.9 26.0-30.9 31.0-35.9 36.0-41+
PM2.5 Concentration (micrograms/cubic meter)
Page 27 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Ordered Listing of PM2.5 Concentration -2007
60
v
v
50
N
E 40
m
O
2 w 30
E
C
0
'A 20
c
v
c 10
0
U
0
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115
Rank
H istog ram for 2007- 120 Measurements
60
Fig. 2. Ranking of the 120 50
Potosi PM2.5 measurements in 40
a 40
2007 and their relative 34
7!
frequency. The 17 highest " 30 25
LL
measurements (above the red A 20
line) were selected for further10
10
study.
0
2.6-7.9 8.0-13.3 13.4-18.7 18.8-24.1 24.2-29.5 29.6-34.9 35.0-40.3 40.4-
45.7+
PM2.5 Concentration (micrograms I cubic meter)
Page 28 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Ordered Listing of PM2.5 Concentration -2008
60
v
50
v
y
E 40
a
o -�
.2 30
E
c
° 20
c
v
c 10
8
0
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115
Rank
Histogram for 2008- 116 Measurements
60
Fig. 3. Ranking of the 116 50
44
Potosi PM2.5 measurements in 40
2008 and their relative 40
frequency. The 8 highest v 30
LL
723
measurements (above the red
20
line) were selected for further
study. 10 5
1
0
3.0-9.1 9.2- 15.3 15.4-21.5 21.6-27.7 27.8-33.9 34.0-40.1 40.2-46.3 46.4-52.5+
PM2.5 Concentration (micrograms/cubic meter)
Page 29 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Ordered Listing of PM2.5 Concentration -2009
60
v
50
v
N
E 40
m
30
E
c
° 20
c
v
c 10
0
U
0
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115 121
Rank
Histogram for 2009- 121 Measurements
60
Fig. 4. Ranking of the 121 50
Potosi PM2.5 measurements in
2009 and their relative 40 35
frequency. The 10 highest
30
LL 24
measurements (above the red A 20
line) were selected for further
study. 10 5
0 1
0
1.3-7.5 7.6-13.8 13.9-20.1 20.2-26.4 26.5-32.7 32.8-39.0 39.1-45.3 45.4-51.6+
PM2.5 Concentration (micrograms/cubic meter)
Page 30 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 -
Highest PM2.5 Highest PM2.5 Highest PM2.5 Highest PM2.5
Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5
1 11/25/2006 41.2 1 12/20/2007 45.9 1 2/24/2008 52.6 1 1/22/2009 52.2
2 8/ 31.2 2 12/11/2007 39.0 2 2/3/2008 41.2 2 2/6/2009 36.2
3 3/9/2006 30.0 3 11/20/2007 36.4 3 3/10/2008 35.2 3 2/9/2009 33.0
4 3/6/2006 29.6 4 12/17/2007 32.7 4 2/9/2008 28.0 4 1/28/2009 32.1
5 3/30/2006 29.6 5 1/21/2007 27.9 5 5/1/2008 26.9 5 1/7/2009 31.7
6 1/11/2006 26.5 6 1/24/2007 27.5 6 1/25/2008 24.7 6 12/18/2009 31.4
7 6/16/2006 25.57 5/30/2007 26.8 7 7/27/2008 24.7 7 11/24/2009 27.7
8 1/20/2006 24.8 8 26.4 8 1/16/2006A24.3 8 12/21/2009 27.0
9 8/6/2006 23.7 9 10/15/2007 25.6 9 3/23/2009 25.4
10 12/29/2007 25.4 10 10/28/2009 23.0
11 2/11/2007 24.5
12 11/11/2007 24.0 Color Key
13 3/7/2007 23.4 Quarter 1 (January, February, March)
14 1/18/2007 22.7 Quarter 2(April, May, June)
15 12/26/2007 22.7 Quarter 3(July,August,September)
16 8/1/2007 21.7 Quarter (October, November, December)
17 9/24/2007 21.6 98th Percentile Ranking
Fig. 5. Cases with highest PM2.5 concentration for each year in the study. PM2.5
concentrations have units of µg/m3.
2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 -
Lowest PM2.5 Lowest PM2.5 Lowest PM2.5 Lowest PM2.5
Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5 Case Date PM2.5
1 9/20/2006 1.0 1 2.6 1 5/18/2008 3.0 1 10/22/2009 1.3
2 10/14/2006 2.8 1 2 6/5/2007 3.0 2 11/17/2008 3.2 1 2 10/31/2009 2.4
3 9/11/2006 3.0 3 10/9/2007 3.2 3 10/27/2008 3.2 3 10/4/2009 2.5
4 6/19/2006 3.2 4 9/15/2007 3.2 4 4/15/2008 3.2 4 5/7/2009 2.7
5 9/30/2006 3.7 5 7/11/2007 3.2 5 6/8/2008 3.3 5 8/29/2009 3.2
6 10/5/2006 3.8 6 5/27/2007 3.7 6 10/3/2008 3.6 6 7/18/2009 3.2
7 6/10/2006 4.1 7 11/14/2007 4.0 7 4.0 7 10/7/2009 3.3
8 4/20/2006 4.2 8 10/24/2007 4.0 8 5/12/2008 4.0 8 93.4
9 5/11/2006 4.6 9 10/18/2007 4.0 9 11/20/2008 4.2 9 4/28/2009 3.5
10 10/11/2006 4.9 10 10/3/2007 4.2 10 9/30/2008 4.2 10 10/10/2009 3.8
Color Key
Quarter 1 (January, February, March)
Quarter2 (April, May, June)
Quarter (July, August, September)
Quarter (October, November, December)
Fig. 6. The 10 lowest PM2.5 concentrations for each year in the study. PM2.5
concentrations have units of µg/m3.
Height _ _ _ j_ _ . Height
Mixed layer — — — — — — — - - - -
Stable layer
IL
Virtual Potential Temperature Virtual Potential Temperature
(a) (b)
Fig. 7. Typical profile of virtual potential temperature for a) a well-mixed layer, and b) a
stable layer that would resist vertical mixing by turbulence.
Page 33 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
GRE !
Nil p q,
OA DV '
Fig.8. Upper air observation stations nearest Potosi (indicatcd with small circle). Base
map accessed at: http://wcathcr.cod.cdu/analysis/analysis.raob.html
Page 34 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
U
Lone Rock
Boscobel OASOS
— ASOSG
❑
R
❑Rpp Mineral Point
Prairie Du Chien OAWOS HIP
AWOS HIP
O OPlatteville
AWOS III OJVL
❑ QqUe ue
❑
ASOS ❑FEP
METARs Loaded:12107110 1945Z Latest Shown:12107110 1935Z
Fig.9. Surface weather observation stations nearest Potosi (indicated by small filled
circle). Base map accessed at:
http://www.rap.ucar.edu/weather/surface/J*ava metars/index.php?appletsize=large
Page 35 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Potosi -2006-Comparison at 12Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200 Lowest 10
1000 Highest 9
p —Highest Case
a+ 800
.0 Lowest Case
= 600
400
200
0
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (
Potosi -2006-Comparison at 00 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000 71,11rIF 4
1800 (b)
1600
1400
1200 Lowest 10
1000 —Highest 9
p —Highest Case
2+ 800 —Lowest Case
0
= 600
400
200
0
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Page 36 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Potosi -2007 -Comparison at 12 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
1800
1600
1400
Lowest 10
1200 Highest 4
C7
1000 —Highest Case
2+ 800 Lowest Case
600 +Highest 17
400
200
0
_4A 1
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Potosi -2007-Comparison at 00 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
1800 (b)
1600
1400
Lowest 10
1200 Highest 4
C7
1000 —Highest Case
a+ 800 —Lowest Case
= 600 t Highest 17
400
200
0 LI
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Page 37 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Potosi -2008- Comparison at 12 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000 -
1800 -
1600 -
1400 -
E
000180016001400
1200 Lowest 10
1000 Highest 8
p —Highest Case
a+ 800
.0 —Lowest Case
= 600 -
400 -
200 -
0 -
262
004002000262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Potosi -2008-Comparison at 00 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
1800 (b
1600
1400
E1200 Lowest 10
Q 1000 Highest 8
E Highest Case
.2) 800 Lowest Case
= 600
400
200
0
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Page 38 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Potosi -2009 - Comparison at 12 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
1800 (a)
1600
1400
E Lowest 10
J 1200
Q 1000 Highest 10
t —Highest Case
a+ 800
.a —Lowest Case
= 600
400
200
0
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Potosi -2009-Comparison at 00 Z(Averages and Extremes)
2000
Fig. 13. Virtual potential 1800 (b)
temperature profiles for the a) 1600 -
1400 -
morning (12 Z) and b) evening 1200 Lowest to
J
(00Z) M2009. The `Lowest a 1000 �Hignest to
—Highest Case
10' and `Highest 10' are average d 800 —Lowest Case
profiles for that number of 600
ZI 11L
400
cases.
zoo
0 Ai" no
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature (K)
Page 39 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Potosi-Average of Highest 3 Cases in All Years (2006-2009)
2000
1800
1600
1400 Ar
E
1200
Q 1000
12Z
s
00Z
O 800
x
600
400
200
0
262 266 270 274 278 282 286 290 294 298 302
Virtual Potential Temperature(K)
ge virtual potential temperature profiles for the 3 highest cases in all years
(12 Z) and b) evening (00 Z).
Page 40 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2006 — 9 Highest P M2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
Noon"Ysn rz I.ICO[t NWIn'sRITMoo[I IIOAn 111'SRrzEifion NOMNYSl ff MOOR NW IdYSRff"MM.
BacbeN eaje[Iaiese Snp aI IB00 MIC P5 N-. BaM'ertl6�eclnbseMrg al llro MIC IBAua CB RMwaN eyectoner Uvli�y a'.IBOD NTC 09 MUM BndweN hajeewneieMlry at I00011TC OB Marts PaIXwud bayecmneseMirpm l]OO NTC]9 NUM
GMdMYuvYgbl lW fiWBMM4gpIP11}b GIN�MwmtlNo:Itllx GIMYMe14py(al pb GMBM
44
IM
® M °• r m w '" .� a �i .. av 8 � —,eP— � j I 'ci-
R
I
I
X.
r kw�• xrw,c ,kw.o H.....e w,sn.c k......
�M�ba_.m_• _ _ actsr..y.aus. +v omimrm,vs, �+-dn aw. u�:ev
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
NOUNVB MMR 1gMNVBRlIMO M NOMNVBRIr NODFl NQN Kh MOO6
Bedared Yejxlonmu�drgtl 1800 MIC I I Jen O0 B JvudbyeeNiwui 17MMfCIIJ—W BerJvsdbejeekaiw—Lg 1800 MfC M Jen O0 Beekx hgeeMiaeNnp el 1700 MfC M A,W
G MxBMVoVyblG(xb GIMNIMoitgblgb GWMM.IaLLyblrlb GINNMelodybl0.b
%
R
R r R �_ N l �f R
1 �
_
Y
q ,Me „M� --------
eM N�
4.1t�e-
Fig. 15. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 9
highest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2006. Case numbers refer to Fig. 5.
Page 41 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
2007 — 10 Highest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
111,-11 111,111],In 11..r[ 11�I IYSR IT". H0kk IIV4RILI.IOOLL n0kk I nSKIT 1.AOOLL
BacFwwa najMu,les er4ga1 TW—MD.,01 8acbva bryeclean e,Jry al I e001Rc I I De of ,,wa,trrye,.lmin enfrg al�am LRC x N.,07 BCIIWam naiKl^,les^ni,B^,1000=170-0] Nxxwaa,r.>jea'knn mina+„e001nc 21 Jan 07
OMBMelmdQ1w10.Y CMSMtlmLLakel0.Y GMTT m. .0.Y GMSMeImOyo1 N. GMBMelmdabl N.
z
IT I IS
I
IT
CFO S SIT.
P����s"m�,7�'�:9a,.-« �wY.°'..�.,Cxv F�1e:9:.....« .".ffirJ N.,�'8�4,P�5tiaax..... .�rJY�S r:;Y�'�:J:,� C���•�wS�v:�..s� :9a.....,
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
HWHY0MITIAML NOMHYORIIUCO0. NOUHM0.RMCOFL NDUHY80.RMOOFL NMRHY30.RMODFI
Ba:bsa"e[601-and,IS 1000 U7024Jeb07 & aidt,- -snip t IM=30 MqW Bedwe,dbywlwlu entry Y 17- MJu107 Bactvptlb0�aM0rlaeMrye117W lITC t36Y 01 ByFwad befs[bbs xNegtl tlD UfC MDec 07
oMMe1sNyN N. 4U0tlMelgyyy WM GWYMtlgyyWlye 0M4MelaYyIW 0.Y [ CMSWadgbl0.M1
IT
3 1 t^ 9 — 8 �— — " G �[• =� Y
-r i
i
T ZY_
jY
IS
1 I
:��v�m�wwx��a•�....., ::����c�+r.,�•�s .,..., c.�a�s v�.o-azsx..... r����s�,x�s,r��..... s��.�vs.��..w��-».,....
Fig. 16. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
highest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2007. Case numbers refer to Fig. 5.
Page 42 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2008 — 8 Highest P M2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
NOAAIIVSMRMOOCL NM IIVSI'LRLb6CL NOAAIMV RFIODCL 11OAAIIVSMRMOGCL YOAA lIVS1YR11OGCL
BwhweN 4.e 05e IWV IMUTC2e Fe M Bed V*Wwi en np ett6O0UTCO9FOO6 ftIXv .epd l.sw M.IMUTC10Mw06 BerhweNtr4..esw .N.IMUTCWFeb OB BUJlwutltrejeclmesaMlrpAl]OOIRC Ct Mey DO
GO18Ma1u'wglW Otl GDe9Ytlb/bpblptl GGRSYeIYLL'ykM plw / GMSMFmwgbl plw GpeSM.lu�bl Rm
14
8 ire � 7a R \ a' 8 ___ --_ .,, � � R , � ✓
I T
i I
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8
NMAHVBRff CO N0. W"Mff WNL N6tAUVSRRA M
BeNweN trNeeLL^ee WM e11p UfC 25Jn O6 BxFwW bejzlwien wkYp et 17M UTC 27 YI M 1e bejmtes mN M I W UTC 16 Jen O6
wrwpYml rou �w6aml mw .nwgtvl rou
9 9 8
z z z
w
Fig. 17. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 8
highest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2008. Case numbers refer to Fig. 5.
Page 43 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2009 — 10 Highest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
HOAAIMMR UMEL NOAAlIV9RR110GCL IIOMII SNITI.IWCL "WIlYSMR Al0001 YOAA lIV9RRAlODd
BedYrpdtrVaroneaN4npY 1800 NC=Jan09 BadwaN tryedaieemdnp oft W UTCWFehW Ba ft4ededes"irNatl8 JTC "FebW BacMrW tryecNnowKnpN IB000EC2BJan09 e=c xdlryxbnesmdrptl1900=0)JWM
G W9NpbxYgMal Grp GGa9Y.nyylgLVllAn GDa9Nw.uLLgtW lLn GM9Mw4ap9a•Ipp GGaB4elafaQ9eM PIN
A.
� 3
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
NOMH"PLETWOEL NMANY9RRMMFL NWANY Mffmwa NMANMMEEHMEL "OU PLEEMMEL
Be<kwud YejeclpieaeMrq N IB00 LEEC IB Dec 09 8..Wnitr*.t a .,.I=UEC U Nw OB BeWeAtrejxtome airy of 1000 LM 21 Dm 09 FhtreW hryedaie5 a N.l 900 UTC 29 MN N Be4.eW tr.jmaes NM Y 17M UTC U 8109
wevNgFallYp GGa9u.". .Y GMBMWrYgNaI GYa GGe94peYLLgbl p.n GMBMw.npg4al Gan
• • • •
r �
!aaa.+.zNW w.me a x .+.a am r..p.a a.to ..w w..m•a x.n.eme-
Fig. 18. HYSPLIT back traj ectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
highest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2009. Case numbers refer to Fig. 5.
Page 44 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2006 — 10 Lowest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
NOMIIVSRR UODa NW.I VSR7 MWRNO i1VSRR UJOR NW IIVSR 7 Moog NOAH LVSRR MCU.L
BecMeeNelyeclwiw.n N d 1700 UTC 20 Sg06 8.d bajectdiea xding at 1700 UTC 14 Oq M Sacb baj0c ..YN4 7W UTC II S. SaGavdd 1mjecWriee d in0 x11700 UTC 16 Jm N B.bW ageclerds aYin0 M 1700 UTC W Sap 06
OW9Wmbgbl M1le ON5Mdmbgbl dla OW9Wmbgbl OMe OM9 WeuMyYJ ble OM9 Mdmib�Y'1OMa
fp e e 8 < Y "r
sv
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
M1MA If R7MWCL 14CM IVSrLS MODEL NWAH"RRNCOR NW,IV6R.T MWILNCAA IIVSR7 MWIL
BeWrdd 4yalaiaa erdip.17M UTC 068106 Be wd VNe a:vvSry x11700 U1C I0Jun06 BeMesd bejwbriw Wbq M 17(OU Mft,w BeckwaN Vajedme:ardiny W 17M UTC I I Me 06 Buhrdtl byMmr_e Ma117M UTC 110.1N
O W9WmaLgbl CaY ON5MelmtlWbldO MW9Mdmdgbl Me ON5Me1m1pbI0Wa OW9Melmdrybl OWa
>�r
.. 1 11 i
r
aws .m
.Me .lm
Fig. 19. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
lowest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2006. Case numbers refer to Fig. 6.
Page 45 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2007 — 10 Lowest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
NMAI,VSMTMC0CL NMAINSRITMWCL 14 U11YSRn NOOLL NIWIIYRn MOOR NW IYSR IT MOOCL
Bukxutl bal•vldiat mY.pN 1700 UTC 12 Sp 07 Bb Ird BI, Yn49 MnB A 17M ULC 05 Jun 07 8aA bala[Im•s wtliN al l)W 0[
UTCOiIC7 B mid ytlM•s wog•I 17W WC 15 Sp 07 B•ckr becl°n•°-BN al l]W UTC I I JL4 07
GMSMamJgbl0.0 GW9 NamaYgbl0.0 G019Nwmctgbl bla GM9Nelm[LgFN 1Au GM9AIpmtbdbl0.0
ILI
1 � 1
6 6 c
i :
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
IJW II SRn MODE NMAIIYSRITIAMU a,III SRn MDIEL NNIM'9an N0OR NMANYSRn MOOR
BxkoaN baja w.Gr nBY12W MCV YaYO] BxkxaNhaNemriaa NnBN IWO ULC 14 NWB] BsiirvNba ftlonm—hl MIBM UTCNW0] BadWW bajaclwi•s xdly>t IBM UTC IS WC] Badwvtl bap0mm m PN 018W UTC W ON 07
Gwsuammgbl Nu. GMa Nam�w2m Gro cN+s NamLLgbldl. casuemNgblN.0 cN+suemNgbl bM
12
t
r .
• w w Y -
1
L
5
� a
p I
d5f A5 dl
:��:_'+-a"t�.:�s.:::..r,.. >m ::a�.° t-...b�,�tG'�:.. b�^g"'Yln�"""',• ^...., ��"�.,.w••z:.:^'sa::::....,,. :a`Po."_°?-°•'.c:.:^'sa:.::...,o,
Fig. 20. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
lowest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2007. Case numbers refer to Fig. 6.
Page 46 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2008 — 10 Lowest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
nMn I rvsR n MWIL nal.IrvgRH rAODCL n".1,u'M.YWn NMA I P'AR C M-- 'W../.Irv$RR MODEL
Ex
DOMIay bB,ecbrlef v5ny 9.'00 MC 19 May
De flsbW RaKle,es Nnpa11 ON MCI,N.t6 exhxeN 64'ednne>WrpM 17W MC27C.t05 ee4nsl trGNlblM btl:,p e.IB]J MIC 15, M B>c .Oat.ayayHIMM1700 MCOGJaA
ffMAMwmMpMlllu AMAYnmtagao M1u AMAYnmelgbl.la. QMiMwmMpMI M. fiMAYnm[kpblM1u
R
3 T 7 Y a Zf/
ho
���_ w° 4 ,� � ,� � �•—--— ,w° � Iwo
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
11O11.IIRIi IAaDfI NMAHY9R17N[CEL MOMHMRI'Moon NQMHV9RIT"11 N'A IrvtR RM' ri
eac4reN eyxlene>e,Wjm I'm UIC m al w ee< Ira,x.dinwiVMI7WRcz•Agce eaclu.Ynemieuran ensp8.700 MCCMIOW aenov«a Ty*I ensgm.900 urc m Nw X MaI.ra,,.pc,o,in M,y n.700 MC 30 Ge>00
fi N.4Yn,e,igM M1u fMAMnm,Atl M.11ee fiMAYnm,Iglul Mu QMiMwmMlMllln fiMAMwmNgM.11we
\— J
Ia
wf M,c
:te . -
Fig. 21. HYSPLIT back trajectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
lowest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2008. Case numbers refer to Fig. 6.
Page 47 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2009 — 10 Lowest PM2 . 5 Cases
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
p %414YeRmnMra NIAHY`y 11.11 nIDAAnvsRmaCCa 161111' RKMKDR NO/duvsy mnM.R
Ma Waaa nymlmias eMrp at l>W U c 22 MOB BvAwaN trg-Mnm eNi:g atIAD UTC31 QIaa BackrrW trAnbnm w.f.g.'7oo UTCNOct. Be ad Dalebaime no M 170D UIC 0 May 00 BackwaN VTecmrea ertLg at I M MC 2i A,IM
G WBM4oaYgbl0.le {b46MelodapkLl}.b GU1YMMotlglol0.b ISINS MMmLLpbIGW GW8Melm[tgW Rb
R _
Ne
f a 8
1
Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10
NWH"KBMDDR NOMNY80.RMOCf1. NN.I Kffmw& NWHY80.RMO R NNJ11h80.RM0GEL
B.xFw rm- 'm ertfnBM l]O011fC IsJulp BeAxeN trgcMm sdrg e11T001RC 0)0.14 Ba.baaN trAmhxY.a noaf17001RC W S,W 6 %anl trejmbm nM TC
ndim 1700 U 28 AW M BeticvW kgcbim Nrg et ITW UIC 10 Q108
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. R �7
7� �
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es+Po mss: re+L mxt 4mw®. e _ s+4 moss¢4m. +b mw
Fig. 22. HYSPLIT back traj ectories terminating at Potosi at noon (local time) for the 10
lowest PM2.5 concentration cases in 2009. Case numbers refer to Fig. 6.
Page 48 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Histogram- HYSPLIT Back Trajectories-37 Highest PM2.5 Cases
25
20
N
d
U �5 13 1310
m
d 1 ■500 m
n 131000 m
10 8 8
z
6
5 5 1 1 1 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
0 0 0 0
0
NW N NE E SE S SW W Unclear
Histogram- HYSPLIT Back Trajectories-40 Lowest PM2.5 Cases
30
(b)
25
212,
w 20
N
U ■10m
d 15 ■500 m
❑1000 m
z 10
7 6 7
5
5 3 IT4
2
1 1 1 1 1
0 0
0
NW N NE E SE S SW W Unclear
Page 49 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
•
High PM2.5 ... .. ... High PM2.5 ..-- High PM2.5- "
+ "
- - --- -- ----- -- - -- --- ,E, -1
1 =-
1 �
2006 5 2007 2008 2009
M -. w 4.--------- -ow . Low PM2.5
--- -.
2 -
- ,- - - - --- -- -----
"2.'
ri.
'ate
Wind Spe
(knots)
Fig. 24. Wind roses depicting frequency of daily average 22 or more
surface wind at Dubuque. Top row depicts the cases with 17 - 21
the highest PM2.5 concentration and the bottom row the
lowest concentration. Numbers distributed around each 11 - 17
wind rose indicate the number of cases along that 7 - 11
particular radial. 4 - 7
1 - 4
Page 50 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
DUBUQUE [DBQ] Windrose Plot
[All Year]
Period of Record: 31 Dec 1972 - 09 Sep 2010
Number of Obs: 315879 Calm: 5.2% Avg Speed: 10.7 mph
N
3.6
NW ........ ..........10.9 NE
'. 2.8
W :... E
SW SE
5
Wind Speed [mph]
2-5 O 5-7 0 7-10 D 10-3.5 0 iD
Fig. 25. Wind rose for surface winds at Dubuque. From the Iowa Environmental
Mesonet. The period of record in noted above the figure.
(http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/sites/windrose.phtml?network=IA ASOS&station=DBQ)
Page 51 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Page 52 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
DUBUQUE 10801 wmd]ose Pmt DUBUQUE WBOI W hol Plot DUBUQUE 10001 wandrose Plot
(MmePeno Domain:Fort [nme M Pali (�Pene Df Rela:Wn.l
12.11
Number
8ecmd:66 Fpr alm: 29 Apr 2010 lE U Numb r Pacord:60 May Cahn:-30 May 2010 !!U f Numt r Fecmd:O]rye 1973-.2% 2010
NumOer of OES:26616 BCelm:3.0% Gvq 5p¢a6:12fi mph Number IN OBz:260]3 BCelm:e.8% Avq SpeeUaOJ men Numper M OEz:2e9a]fCelm:6.2% Yvq Spee6:9.5 men
0.6 .) d.8
NW BO NE BW 10.2 NE PAN 119 tE
- Lb 8.9
a * k ` 6.0
33 ` 30 ��
w ..;; . ,I E IN "� - ` I E W I'` ' E
4
S we � 0
SW SE SW SE SW )SE
(a) _ (b) 9 (c) 9
Wind spoed Impel wmd speed Impel wind spied Impel
�xs �" =r-xp Duas �uap �xps T2s �sv Orap �xaas �uxq exp. �xs mss] Orxa �xoas cusp gym.
DUBUQUE QUO)wiMroSe Hoe oueu0 IOBOI W.ndmee Plpt DUBUQUE 1080)wbndrox Pmt
am Jul.) [Irnat
m )T
]f�f Numbwof Onz�36023 NCalm:818%2Fvq BMW,BJ mph !f a Numbthaner off Ops:26086 01 NCalm:8 6%1973-31 Aug
Speed:8.2 mph /GU NNumberrmal fof Otue2476t 01 5 Nfelm.7.9%1973-09 An 15oeed:9.0 mph
0.7. 1 6 7 8.0
my 13A NE JAY 144 tE
- 10.1 10.8
68 uit 3.7
WWE W II > E
.i..SE SN SE(d (e) S (f)
wlra Speed Impel wend seem Impel wind speee Impel
X2.5 �Sl �T30 O.15 X1520 X201 �xs _SI QIaO =adds mss.2o X11 �20h
Fig. 26. Wind rose for surface winds at Dubuque in a) April, b) May, c) June, d)
July, e) August, and f) September. From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet.
(http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/sites/windrose.phtmi?network=IA ASOS&station=DBQ)
Page 53 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 5 - DUBUQUE AIR QUALITY STUDY
An Examination of Atmospheric Conditions Associated with High PM2.5
Concentrations at the Potosi (Wisconsin) SLAMS Monitor, 2006-2009
Alan C. Czametzki
(Ph.D. Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin)
and
r
Sean K. Newlin
(B.S. Air Quality, University of Northern Iowa)
Prepared for the Greater Dubuque Development Corporation
January 2011 —with corrections in first paragraph
1. Introduction
The concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microns and smaller
(PM2.5) measured at Potosi (Wisconsin) have recently raised concern. The 24-hour National Ambient Air
Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM2.5 is 35 micrograms per cubic meter Oig/m3). To determine compliance
with the standard, a design value is calculated from 24-hour concentration measurements. The Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR 2010) defines the 24-hour PM2.5 design value as the 3-year average, rounded to the
nearest units value, of the 98u` percentile measurements. The State and Local Monitoring System
(SLAMS) PM2.5 monitor at Potosi operates on a one-in-three day sampling schedule. On this schedule,
the 98u` percentile corresponds to the third highest measurement for a given year. Quality controlled
PM2.5 measurements at Potosi for 2006-2009 were obtained from the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources (WIDNR 2010) and are presented in Figs. 1-4 as listings ordered from highest to lowest
concentration and as histograms over 8 concentration classes. The histogram in each figure emphasizes
that most PM2.5 measurements during any given year are well below the 24- hour standard. However, it is
the third highest value that is most important. That value for each year is noted in the corresponding
figure. As such, the 24-hour PM2.5 design value at Potosi was 34 jig/m3 for 2006-2008 and 35 jig/m3 for
2007-2009, each being at or near the NAAQS.
This project has examined specific atmospheric conditions associated with the highest
concentrations. For comparison, the 10 lowest concentrations each year are also presented. Selection of
the highest cases each year was based on the ordered set of observations as presented in Figs. 1-4. Most
of the measurements in a given year fall along a reasonably smooth curve of increasing concentration.
Page 54 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
However, each ordered listing in Figs. 1-4 also depicts that the highest measurements depart from this
curve. The departure in 2006, 2008, and 2009 occurs at concentrations around 22 jig/m3, indicated by the
red line in each figure. The ordered listing for 2007 was somewhat unique. It can be argued that the
`reasonably smooth curve' in 2007 extends to concentrations of about 28 jig/m3, yielding only 4 `highest'
measurements that year. In order to be consistent (and include more cases from 2007), days when PM2.5
concentration was above about 22 jig/m3 were selected from each year. Days above the red line in Figs.
1-4 were included in this study. Figure 5 lists this subset of measurements. In all, 44 days were examined.
For comparison, a subset of the lowest measurements was also examined.Atmospheric conditions on
these days provide context for evaluating conditions on days with high particulate concentrations. The 10
lowest measurements each year were selected, giving a total of 40 cases for comparison to the 44 highest
measurements. Figure 6 lists the set of lowest measurements used in the project.
2. Methods
The concentration of an air pollutant at a given location depends on a number of factors. These
include the background concentration, transport from emission sources, diffusion by turbulent motion in
the atmosphere, chemical transformation, and removal mechanisms such as gravitational settling and
scavenging by precipitation. The processes examined in this study are limited to diffusion by turbulent
motion and transport by the wind.
Diffusion is a down-gradient process, meaning that turbulent mixing moves air pollution from
regions of higher to lower concentration. Turbulence through a deep layer of the atmosphere near the
surface will produce a near uniform, low concentration throughout the layer. When turbulence is restricted
to a shallow layer, or when the atmosphere sufficiently resists turbulence, air pollution will be more
concentrated. Thus, the depth of the so-called mixed layer is an important component to understanding
the atmosphere's contribution to pollutant concentrations.
Air density decreases with increasing height in the atmosphere because air is a compressible
fluid. The ability of turbulent processes to mix air (and air-borne particles) vertically depends on the
rate at which density decreases (i.e., the vertical density gradient). The density of air depends on its
temperature, pressure, and water vapor content. There is a critical value of the vertical density gradient that
separates stable conditions, which would resist vertical mixing, from unstable conditions, which would
enhance it. This critical value can be evaluated by examining vertical profiles of virtual potential
temperature. This thermodynamic variable incorporates the effects of temperature, pressure,and water vapor
content into a single value that allows for the evaluation of vertical air density gradients. Virtual potential
temperature can be used to evaluate the potential for thunderstorms (e.g., Czarnetzki 1996) and the mixing
ability of the atmosphere (Kunkel et al. 1996). The virtual potential temperature will increase (i.e.,
become warmer) with increasing height in a layer of air that will resist mixing (i.e., the layer is stably
stratified). A layer of air that is well mixed will have a near constant value of virtual potential
temperature. Figure 7a depicts a vertical profile of this thermodynamic variable as it would appear for a
Page 55 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
well-mixed layer. On the other hand, air that is stably stratified would appear as in Fig. 7b. Here, virtual
potential temperature notably increases with increasing height.
A layer is well mixed because of turbulent motion in the layer. The turbulence that would
produce a virtual potential temperature profile as shown in Fig. 7a can be generated by mechanical (e.g.,
wind shear) or thermal (e.g., heating by the sun) processes. Turbulence usually is least in the morning and
increases during the day, producing a mixed layer that is deepest by mid to late afternoon. Turbulence that
would produce the profile in Fig. 7a would also mix air pollutants throughout the layer. All other factors
being equal, a deeper mixed layer would be associated with lower pollutant concentration near the surface.
A stable near-surface layer would resist turbulence and be associated with higher pollutant concentration
near the surface. In this study, virtual potential temperature profiles are used to infer the degree of vertical
mixing that is occurring near the surface.
Detailed observations of temperature, pressure, and water vapor content from radiosonde
measurements are needed to calculate virtual potential temperature profiles. Radiosondes, which are
carried aloft by weather balloons, are released twice daily (00 and 12 Coordinated Universal Time,
corresponding to 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. Central Standard Time and 7 p.m. and 7 a.m. Central Daylight Time)
from a network of surface stations around the world. Figure 8 shows the location of Potosi relative to
the nearest radiosonde sites: Davenport (DVN), Minneapolis (MPX), and Green Bay (GRB).
Radiosonde observations from these stations on the days of interest were interpolated by a distance-
weighted scheme to Potosi. The interpolated data were used to construct virtual potential temperature
profiles. The highest and lowest cases in each year we examined individually and used to construct
average profiles that will be shown here.
Transport of air by large scale wind will also affect pollutant concentration. To examine the source
region for the air that was in Potosi, numerical simulations were run backward in time in order to identify
the path (or trajectory) traveled by the air that arrived in Potosi on the days of interest. The National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory
model (HYSPLIT) (Draxler and Rolph 2010; Rolph 20 10) was used. Twenty-four-hour back trajectories of
the air at 10, 500, and 1000 in above ground level at noon local time in Potosi were calculated on the days
with highest and lowest PM2.5 concentration. Data for the simulations came from the Global Data
Assimilation System(McPherson et al. 1979).
To further examine the association between transport and PM2.5 at Potosi, surface wind reports from
Dubuque's Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) were examined. Figure 9 shows the location
of Potosi relative to the nearest surface observing stations. While the Platteville Automated Weather
Observing Station (AWOS) is physically closer to Potosi, it did not come into service until September
2008. Also, it is the Dubuque area's potential contribution to the Potosi monitor's measurements that are
of concern. For these reasons, hourly wind measurements from Dubuque were used to determine
Page 56 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
resultant (or average) wind vectors (direction and speed) on the days of interest. The results were used
to construct wind roses,which depict the frequency of wind direction and speed.
3. Results
a Virtual potential temperature
Figures 10-13 depict vertical profiles of average and extreme virtual potential temperature over
Potosi from the morning ('12 Z') and evening ('00 Z') for each year in the study. The lowest 2000 in
above ground level (AGL) are displayed, a height sufficient to determine the presence or absence of a
surface based mixed layer. In these figures, legend captions such as `Lowest 10' and `Highest 9' refer to
the average profiles based on the indicated number of cases. The captions `Lowest Case' and `Highest Case'
refer to the lowest and highest cases respectively for that year.
In 2006, the average profiles of both the high and low cases have nearly the same virtual potential
temperature at the surface in the morning (Fig. 10a). However, the low average is notably cooler at
altitudes above about 200 in AGL. Both profiles are stably stratified at this time (virtual potential
temperature increasing with increasing height), which is characteristic of morning. Both extreme cases in
2006 have substantial stable layers below about 200 in in the morning. By the early evening(Fig. 10b),the
high average profile is still stably stratified but the low average profile is nearly vertical below at least
600 in. This indicates that the lowest 600 in is well-mixed in the low average, but no mixed layer is
apparent in the high average. The profile for the lowest case is nearly vertical up to about 1200 in, while
the highest case is characterized by a strongly stable layer below 200 in.
For 2007, average profiles were constructed for the 4 highest cases and the 17 highest cases. The 4
cases of highest PM2.5 concentration stand out significantly in Fig. 2 and may have resulted from conditions
that are notably different from the other 13 cases selected for study that year. The histogram in Fig. 2
supports this as well. All of the profiles depicted in Fig. 1 la are stably stratified. Interestingly, the
average and extreme low profiles are more stable in the lowest 100 in than any of the average or
extreme high profiles. However, by early evening (Fig. 1 lb) the average and extreme low profiles are
nearly vertical up to about 1000 in, while the average and extreme high profiles are still stably stratified. In
fact, by early evening the average profile for the 4 highest PM2.5 cases in 2007 had become more stable in
the lowest 200 m! This kind of change was not seen in the average profile for any other year.
In 2008 (Fig. 12), the average high profile is stably stratified in the morning and evening, but the
stability has weakened by evening. The average low profile is also stable in the morning, but has a well-
defined mixed layer up to at least 800 in by evening. The extreme low case in Fig. 12b had a mixed layer
that was nearly 2000 in deep! The highest case is remarkably stable in the lowest 150 in in Fig. 12a. Similar
results were found in 2009 (Fig. 13). Again, the average high profile is stable both in the morning and
evening(though less so) while the average low profile
Page 57 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
changes from stable in the morning to well-mixed in the lowest 600 in by evening. As with the extreme
case in 2008,the highest case in 2009 is also exceptionally stable in the lowest 150 in(Fig. 13a).
Figure 14 depicts the average virtual potential temperature profiles for the 3 highest cases in all
years. These cases determine the 9e percentile concentrations used to calculate the PM2.5 design value. In
the figure, the blue line is the average morning profile and red is the evening average. Both profiles are
entirely stable and would offer great resistance to turbulent mixing. The morning profile is especially
stable near the surface.Aloft, the profiles are very similar,though the evening profile is slightly warmer at
most levels.
It is revealing to consider the season in which most of the highest concentrations were measured.
In Fig. 5, each quarter of the year is colored coded. Dark and light blues are used for the 2 coldest
quarters of the year (`winter' and `fall', respectively), while pink is used for what could be considered the
`spring' quarter and red the `summer' quarter. Each year is dominated by cold season cases. Note that all
of the highest cases in 2009 occurred during the cold season. Twenty-two of the 44 cases examined
occurred in the first (`winter') quarter, 13 in the fourth (`fall'), 6 in the third (`summer'), and only 3 in
the second (`spring'). The distribution of cleanest cases (Fig. 6) is considerably different. Seventeen of
the 40 cleanest cases occurred in the fall, 12 in the spring, 11 in the summer, and none in the winter! The
average virtual potential temperature profiles for the highest PM2.5 cases are consistent with a model of
very cold surface air overlain by much warmer air aloft, a situation that is far more likely during the
coldest months of the year.
b. HYSPLIT back trajectories
Back trajectories for the cases of highest PM2.5 concentration in the study are presented in Figs.
15-18. Simulations were run for the 10 highest of the 17 cases in 2007. The back trajectories for the
cases of lowest PM2.5 concentration are presented in Figs. 19-22. Case numbers in these figures refer
to the ranking of cases used in Figs. 5 and 6. In the figures' maps, a star denotes the location of Potosi.
Colored lines indicate the 24-hour back trajectory of air that arrived in Potosi at noon local time at 10 in
AGL(red), 500 in (blue), and 1000 in (green). These levels were selected because they are representative
of the lower atmosphere. For example, the green line in case 1 of Fig. 15 indicates that the air 1000 in
above Potosi at noon on November 25, 2006, traveled from northern Missouri and across eastern Iowa
during the preceding 24 hours. Beneath each map, a graph depicts the elevation of the trajectories as a
function of time over the 24 hours prior to arrival at Potosi. The arrival time appears at the far left of
each graph, and time (in Universal Coordinated Time) is marked every 6 hours along the graph's bottom
proceeding back in time as you progress to the right. For example,the air 500 in above Potosi in case 1 of
Fig. 15 originated between 500 and 1000 in above northeast Iowa 24 hours earlier.
There is a great deal of information in Figs. 15-22 that can be effectively gathered by visual
inspection and that is difficult to summarize concisely. HYSPLIT simulations were produced for a total
of 37 high and 40 low PM2.5 cases.A subjective evaluation of the dominant direction of each trajectory in
Page 58 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
all cases is summarized by the histograms in Fig. 23. If it was difficult to assign a single dominant
direction, a trajectory was counted in the `Unclear' category of the histograms. For the highest cases (Fig.
23a),trajectories at all 3 levels are clustered
around a direction that has a southerly component (i.e., from the south), while trajectories in the lowest
cases (Fig. 23b) were most commonly from the northwest at all levels. The length of each trajectory is a
measure of the wind speeds the air experienced prior to arrival in Potosi. Subjective visual inspection
indicates that, in general, the winds may be stronger for the low cases. This is suggested by longer
trajectories at many levels in the low versus high cases. Some of the low case trajectories originate several
states away from Potosi or even in southern Canada.
c. Wind roses
Wind roses depicting the daily average surface wind at Dubuque for the 44 highest and 40 lowest
PM2.5 cases are presented in Fig. 24. Most of the high cases were associated with surface winds having a
southerly component at Dubuque. Twenty-four of the 44 high cases were associated with average daily
surface winds ranging from southwest to southeast at Dubuque.
On the other hand, most of the low cases were associated with surface winds having a northwesterly
component at Dubuque. Eighteen of the 40 low cases were associated with average daily surface
winds ranging from north/northwest to west/northwest. As suggested by the HYSPLIT simulations,
stronger average surface wind speeds are slightly more common with the low PM2.5 cases (10 of 40 cases
had average wind speeds of 11 knots or higher) than with the high PM2.5 cases (8 of 44 cases had
average wind speeds of 11 knots or higher).
It is worth noting that south surface winds are most common throughout the year in Dubuque.
This is supported by Fig. 25, which shows the wind rose for 315,879 surface wind observations in
Dubuque over a nearly 38-year time period. However, south winds at Dubuque are not, by themselves, a
good predictor of high PM2.5 concentration at Potosi. Figure 26 depicts wind roses for the `spring' and
`summer' quarters (April —September). South winds are most common during these quarters. If these are
representative of 2006-2009,then south winds were most common in April through September during the
period of study. However, Potosi experienced only 9 of its 44 highest PM2.5 cases (20 percent) during
these months, and had 23 of its 40 lowest cases (58 percent) during the same time period (see Figs. 5 and
6).
4. Summary
While there is variability between cases within the high and low sets examined in this project it is
still possible to make some summary statements. The average virtual potential temperature profiles for the
high PM2.5 cases consistently depict a stably stratified atmosphere that would resist vertical mixing of air
pollution by turbulent processes. On the other hand, the average profiles for the low cases consistently
depict a mixed layer where turbulence would act to reduce the concentration of particulates at the
Page 59 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
surface. Both HYSPLIT back trajectory calculations and surface wind roses indicate that winds at and
near the surface most commonly have a southerly component in the high cases, and a northwesterly
component in the low cases. However, southerly surface winds at Dubuque are not necessarily a good
predictor of PM2.5 concentration at Potosi. South winds are common at Dubuque every month of the year,
yet high PM2.5 episodes are more strongly associated with cold than warm months. The suggestion is
that the atmosphere's ability to mix air vertically is a dominant process in explaining high PM2.5
measurements. As seen in this study, the thermodynamic structure of the lower atmosphere is notably and
quantifiably different when PM2.5 measurements are high.
5. References
CFR, 2010: The Code of Federal Regulations can be accessed
at: httn://www.access.gno.gov/nara/efr/efr-table-search.html
Czametzki,A. C., 1996: The nonlocal approach to determining atmospheric stability.Iowa Technical Journal,
Volume 4, pp. 27-31.
Draxler, R.R. and Rolph, G.D., 2010: HYSPLIT(HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model
access via NOAAARL READY Website (hLtp://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.phi3). NOAAAir Resources
Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD. ,
Kunkel, K. E., S. A. Changnon, B. C. Reinke, and R. W. Arritt, 1996: The July 1995 heat wave in the
Midwest: A climatic perspective and critical weather factors.Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,
Vol. 77, pp. 1507-15 18.
McPherson, R. D., K. H. Bergman, R. E. Kistler, G. E. Rasch, and D. S. Gordon, 1979: The NMC Operational
Global Data Assimilation System.Monthly Weather Review, Volume 107, pp. 1445-1461.
Rolph, G.D., 2010: Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY)
Website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov). NOAAAir Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD.
WIDNR, 2010: Quality-assured data for this study was obtained from:
httn:Hprodoasj ava.dnr.wi.gov/wisards/webreports/advancedReports.do
Page 60 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Page 61 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 6 - DUBUQUE HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND
HEALTH IMPROVEMENT PLAN
c.
Dubuque County, Iowa
DUBUQUE COUNTY
COMMUNITY HEALTH
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
*r
HEALTH IMPROVEMENT PLAN
91
FOR 2011-2016
Page 62 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
DUBUQUE COUNTY COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT
AND HEALTH IMPROVEMENT PLAN FOR 2011-2015
Table of Contents
Page
Community Health Needs Assessment(CHNA) 3
Purpose................................................ .................. .... ............ 3
Description of Process... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ... .. ..... ... ... ... ..... 3
Participants..................................................... ...........t
........ 5
Task Force Reports...... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... . .... 8
rs
Promoting Healthy Behaviok Force... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... .... 8
Prevent Injuries Task Force...... ... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... 18
Protecting Against Environmental Hazards Task Force... ... . 20
Preventing Epidemics and Spread of Disease Task Force.. ... ... ...... ... 23
Preparing for,Responding to, and Recovering from Public Health Emergencies Task
Force... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ....
26
Public Health Infrastructure Task Force... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... 30
Health Improvement Plan(HIP)... ... . . ... ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ....... 34
THIS REPORT IS PUBLISHED ONLINE AND AVAILABLE
Page 63 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
DUBUQUE COUNTY COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT
AND HEALTH IMPROVEMENT PLAN FOR 2011-2015
PURPOSE
The Community Health Needs Assessment and Health Improvement Plan (CHNA and HIP) is a report
documenting a community-wide effort to assess the community's health needs and decide how to meet them.
Every five years, local boards of health lead this community-wide discussion with stakeholders. This Iowa
Department of Public Health standard is a requirement of local boards of health in order to receive funding from
the State and to fulfill the duties of a local board of health. y
Since assessment is a primary, core function of public health, it is important for local communities to
periodically conduct needs assessments and share them with the community to provide guidance on resource
needs to successfully address health priorities. Appropriate allocation of resources and consistent planning
efforts help insure successful implementation of all core functions of public health. Although local boards of
health lead the CHNA-HIP Initiative, it is the commitment among diverse stakeholder groups to collaborate in
the assessment and development and implementation of the community-wide health improvement plan.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS
T
Timeline: I
A steering committee formed to oversee individual subcommittees that meet independently on each of the six
topic areas. (August 2010)
Six task forces are formed. (August 2010)
Taskforces do SWOT analysis, statistical analysis, identification of problems and needs, and finally selection of
1-3 areas for consideration as elements in the county health improvement plan. (August-October 2010)
Page 64 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Four Community Health Forums are held to allow public input into the process of identifying problems, needs
and solutions. (October 2010)
Steering committee narrows the list of possible HIP objectives to a more focused list of approximately 6.
(November 2010)
Problems, needs, and a 5-year health improvement plan are presented to County Board of Health for initial
reaction. (December-2010)
Final detailed report is prepared and presented to the County Board of Health for approval. (February 2011)
Following County Board of Health approval, the CHNA/HIP document is submitted to the Iowa Department of
Public Health. (February 2011)
The more detailed report is published and widely distributed to the general public and to agencies for use in
planning, and to gain collaboration for executing the Health Improvement Plan. (May 2011)
The process involved gathering community stakeholders who have a role in the delivery and partnership of
public health services. A steering committee was formed to oversee the Dubuque County CHNA-HIP process.
The steering committee consisted of staff from the County Board of Health, County Health Department,
Dubuque Visiting Nurse Association and the City of Dubuque Health Services Department, and Mercy Medical
Center. The Iowa Department of Public Health framework provided six focus areas for the County CHNA-HIP.
The following local public health staff formed the steering committee and provided leadership to each task
force:
Task Force Leader Health Responsibility 94
Patrice Lambert, Executive Director Dubuque County County Public Health
Public Health
Mary Rose Corrigan, City of Dubuque Health Services Promoting Healthy Behaviors
Department
Page 65 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Deb Borley, Dubuque VNA Prevent injuries
Tim Link, City of Dubuque Health Services Department Protecting against Environmental
Hazards
Cathy Tieskoetter, Dubuque VNA Preventing Epidemics and Spread of
Disease
Tom Berger, Dubuque County Emergency Management Preparing for, Responding to, and
Recovering from Public Health
Emergencies
Nan Colin, Dubuque VNA Public health infrastructure
Each task force leader formed subcommittees specific to their topic to begin the assessment. Stakeholders
invited to participate included the local board of health, local health care providers, other public health system
agencies (e.g., substance abuse, problem gambling, and mental health providers), community-based
organizations, consumers, emergency management, fire department, educational system, law enforcement,
business/industry representatives, human service agencies, local government officials and EMS, obtaining broad
input and representation in the assessment and planning provides support and commitment to implement the
health improvement plan.
Participants 4W
Dubuque Countv Board of Health Members
Pearl Scherrman RN, BSN - Chair
Dr. John Viner, MD - Vice-Chair
Dr. Valerie Peckosh, DMD
Dr. Richard Fairley, MD, MPH
Ron Bell
Steering Committee Members
Deb Borley Dubuque VNA
Page 66 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Nan Colin Dubuque VNA
Mary Rose Corrigan City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Tim Link City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Cathy Tieskoetter Dubuque VNA
Tom Berger Dubuque County Emergency Management
Art Roche Mercy Medical Center
TASK FORCE MEMBERS
Promoting Healthy Behaviors:
Sheila Knapp Western Dubuque Schools
Michele Malone The Finley Hospital
Janna Beau, City of Dubuque Leisure Servic
Crystal Kilgore VNA
Trish Kemp VNA
Gina Dowling WICHillcrest
Clare Jones Helping Services
Art Roche A Mercy Medical Center
Sherry McGinn Hillcrest Family Services
Tim Link City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Pat Prevenas **of Dubuque Leisure Services
Nancy Van Milligen Community Foundation of Greater Dubuque
Pat Fisher Hy Vee
Megan Horstman HyVee
Mary Nauman Medical Associates
Mary Rose Corrigan City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Page 67 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Prevent Injuries:
Deb Borley VNA
Cindy Weidemann Finley Hospital
Sue Davison Iowa Department of Human Services
Cyd Klein VNA
Kimberly Gonzales VNA
Sharon Frye The Finley Hospital
Amy Smith VNA
Charlene Schrodt VNA
Dean Nelson Helping Services for NE Iowa
Protecting Against Environmental Hazards:
Sue Miller Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Manchester
Ron Cunningham Shawver Well Company
Liz Kemp MSA
Travis Kemp^ TW Excavation (septic installer)
Rich Miller City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Dean Mattoon ity of Dubuque Engineering Department
Lalith Jayawickrama ersity of Dubuque Environmental Science
David Koch University of Dubuque Environmental Science
Kim Glaser City of Dubuque Housing Services and Community Development Department
Bonnie Brimeyer Dubuque County Health Department
Mary Rose Corrigan City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Page 68 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Prevent Epidemics and Spread of Disease:
Annette Hall UCL
Ann Burds Mercy Medical Center
Patty Dissell The Finley Hospital
Eric Manternach Board of Supervisors
Gail Gates Mercy Medical Center
Gayla Roarig Sunnycrest
Kimberly Gonzales VNA
Jacquie Roth The Finley Hospital
Kathy Kane Medical Associates A
Patricia Lehmkuhl The Finley Hospital
Lori Konrardy VA Clinic
Patrice Lambert Dubuque County Health Department
Rhonda Simpson Dubuque Community Schools
Dr. John Viner Dubuque County Board of Health
Diane Link Medical Associates
Cathy Tieskoetter VNA
Eric ManterrAh Dubuque County Supervisor
Preparing for, Resplg
to, and Recovering-from Public Health Emergencies:
Don Vrotsos Dubuque County Sheriff
Michelle Zurcher VNA
Wayne Dow Dubuque Fire Department
Gwen Hall-Driscoll County Medical Examiner Office
Nan Colin VNA
Kathy Kane Medical Associates
Page 69 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Sherry Frye The Finley Hospital
Public Health Infrastructure:
Julie Woodyard Crescent Community Health Center
Gerry Rea Stonehill Adult Center
Cathy Hedley Sunnycrest Manor
Jacquie Roseliep VNA
Kay Takes Mercy Medical Center
Dr. Rich Fairley Dubuque Internal Medicine and Dubuque County Board of Health
Linda McDonald Scenic Valley Area Agency on Aging
Patrice Lambert Dubuque County Health Department
Cathy Tieskoetter VNA
Nan Colin VNA
Kathy Kane Medical Associates Clinics
Mary Rose Corrigan City of Dubuque Health Services Department
Pearl Scherrman Dubuque County Board of Health Chair
Diana Batchelor The Finley Hospital
Page 70 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Promoting Healthy Behaviors Task Force
Chair: Mary Rose Corrigan, City of Dubuque Health Services Department
The Task Force examined statistical data from many sources, but notably:
• County Health Rankings (Source: www.countyhealthrankings.org from The Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation is collaborating with the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute.)
• Profile of Prenatal Health in Dubuque County (Source: Iowa Barriers to Prenatal Care Project, Iowa
Department of Public Health, University of Northern Iowa Center for Social and Behavioral Research:
2008 Data)
• 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book (Source: The University of lo w ollege of Public Health and the Iowa
Department of Public Health)
• Iowa Youth Survey (conducted by the Iowa Department of Public Health's Division of Behavioral
Health in collaboration with the Iowa Department of Education, the Governor's Office of Drug Control
Policy, the Iowa Department of Human Rights' Criminal and Juvenile Justice Planning and Statistical
Analysis Center, and the Iowa Department of Human Services.)
• Iowa Policy Project
Dubuque County Health Indicators
Indicator: Stroke Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 56.9 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 5 0.0
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 73.5
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Page 71 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Indicator: COPD Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 39.4 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 44.9
Compare to past: (1988-1996)37.8
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Pneumonia/Flu Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 26.2
Iowa measure: 22.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 40.8
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Diabetes Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 14.6 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 20.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 20.0
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Atherosclerosis Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 11.0 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 6.2
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 20.3
Page 72 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Alzheimer's Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 22.1 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 23.6
Compare to past:
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: All Cancer Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 474.2 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 473.6 IV
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 513.9
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: All Cancer Mortality lr�r
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 178.7 deaths per 100,000 (Aoro 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 184.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 218.8
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Prostate Cancer Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 147.6 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 144.9
Page 73 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 185.1
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Prostate Cancer Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 27.2 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 26.7
Compare to past: (1988-1996)35.7
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Lung Cancer Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 70.8 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 68.5
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 76.8
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Lung Cancer Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 50.0 deaths per10 00 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 52.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 63.0
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Female Breast Cancer Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 115.7 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Page 74 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Iowa measure: 124
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 142.3
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Female Breast Cancer Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 18.1 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 22.9
Compare to past: (1988-1996)33.1
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
kor
Page 75 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Indicator: Colorectal Cancer Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 51.3 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 56.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 68.9
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Colorectal Cancer Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 16.2 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 p
Iowa measure: 19.0
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 28.4
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 22.2 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 20.6
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 21.7
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 7.8 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 7.8
Compare to past: (1988-1996)9.9
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Page 76 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Indicator: Skin Melanoma Incidence
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 17.9 cases per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 18.3
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 16.6
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Skin Melanoma Mortality 11h<
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 1.8 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop) W
Iowa measure: 2.5
Compare to past: (1988-1996) 2.9
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Heart Disease Mortality
Time Period: 2002-2006
County measure: 212.6 deaths per 100,000 (Adj to 2000 pop)
Iowa measure: 198.3 O
Compare to past: (1988-1996)306.6
Source: 2009 Iowa Health Fact Book
Indicator: Alcohol Binge Drinking- 11th Grade
Time Period: 2008
County measure: 38percent 1 or more times in last 30 days
Iowa measure: 27percent
Compare to past: (1999): 46percent
Page 77 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Source: Iowa Youth Survey
Indicator: Marijuana Use- 11th Grade
Time Period: 2008
County measure: 17percent 1 or more times in last 30 days
Iowa measure: 12percent
Compare to past: (1999): 18percent
Source: Iowa Youth Survey
Indicator: Cigarette Use- 11th Grade
Time Period: 2008
County measure: 20percent 1 or more times in last 30 days
Iowa measure: 19percent
Compare to past: (1999): 33percent
Source: Iowa Youth Survey 4NN
Indicator: Suicide Attempt- 11th Grade
Time Period: 2008
County measure: 14percent ever tried
Iowa measure: 13perce
Compare to past: (1999):
Source: Iowa Youth Survey
Indicator: Children's HAWK-I and Medicaid Coverage
Time Period: 2010
County measure: 32.8 percent of all qualifying children served
Iowa measure: 36.9 percent
Page 78 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Compare to past: (2007) 25.3
Source: Iowa Policy Project
Indicator: Low Birthweight
Time Period: 2000-2006
County measure: 5.8 percent
Iowa measure: 6.7 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
Indicator: Adult Smoking
Time Period: 2000-2008
County measure: 14 percent
Iowa measure: 21 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
Indicator: Adult Obesity �
Time Period: 2006-2008
County measure: 27percent reporting BMI>=30
Iowa measure: 28 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
Indicator: Adult Binge Drinking
Time Period: 2002-2008
County measure: 21 percent
Page 79 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Iowa measure: 20 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
Indicator: Uninsured Adults
Time Period: 2005
County measure: 9 percent under age 65 without health insurance
Iowa measure: 10 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
Indicator: Children in Poverty
Time Period: 2007
County measure: 11 percent living below Federal Poverty Line
Iowa measure: 14 percent
Compare to past:
Source: County Health Rankings
SWOT Analysis
Strenp-ths: ,
• Dubuque County Harkin Wellness Grant in year 2 of 3-year funding cycle
• Reinventing the Family Meal, a very successful program with partnerships and outcome data. Harkin
Wellness and Scenic Valley—fruits and vegetables coupons for farmers markets and grocery stores.
• Dubuque Community Schools Wellness Policy
o Healthy Kids Act compliance with nutrition section
• Dubuque Eats Well, promoting local foods
• Power Prevention
• Biking/Walking/Hiking Trails and Paths and their interconnectivity in the city of Dubuque
• Rescue Mission bike repair shop
• Walking School bus beginning this fall
• Dubuque Community School District health curriculum improvements which will include health literacy
education
Page 80 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
• CSAs
• Diabetes management and education
o Finley Hospital
o Crescent Community Health Center
o Medical Associates
• City of Dubuque recreation programs
• City of Dyersville recreation programs
• Farmers Markets
• Live Healthy Dubuque Initiative/Program
• Community health preventive screening opportunities, i.e., skin cancer, colorectal cancer, cholesterol,
etc.
• Backpack program
• Workplace wellness programs
• Iowa Healthy Community Award AL
• Strong non-profit organizations
• Community resources —rich
• New dental exam State law for K and 9t' graders
• Hillcrest mental health wellness center
• Healthy Kids Act—in compliance (Dubuque Schools) and WDCS on their way
• Dubuque Community School District Mental Health System integration grant, which included staff
training for schools
Weaknesses:
• Taking advantage of routine physicals
• Preventive screenings —access to/education about
• DCSD not compliant on all aspects of Vothy Kids Act
• Health care providers unaware of local ellness programs/activities
• Getting resources to the people, DCSD and WDSD, linkages, etc.
• Obesity rates/BMIs
• Lack of State level support for community health data—less data available
• Youth binge drinking twice the rate of national average (5 or more drinks on one occasion)
• Fund raising by selling unhealthy foods (schools, organizations, daycares, etc.)
• Economy, limited funds, budget cuts
• Person health is reactive vs. proactive
• Access to healthy fresh food, i.e., food desserts, lack of grocery stores in neighborhoods, rural small
towns, etc.
• Mental health care access
• Elderly nutrition
• Dept of Ag—summer food program food quality is limited by preparation facilities.
• After school and childcare programs —exercise and nutrition
Page 81 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
• Mental health illness incidence
• Backpack food program (families don't like backpack food)
Opportunities:
• Physician prescription cards with education on smoking
• Mental health and First Aid training continuing from the Mental Health System Integration Grant
• Mayo study on quitting smoking recommendations from physicians
• Hillcrest Tobacco grant now educates physicians
• Schools—way of getting info out to well population
• Cardio trails/exercise/fitness trails
o Bergfeld and City parks
o One on Clarke's campus
o County parks
• Connect with food and fitness grant from Kellogg in NE Iowa(NE/FFI) or appl r similar grant from
Kellogg
• Substance abuse coalition and Safe Youth coalition—bin inking and other initiatives/educations
• Work with PTO's and organizations for positive fundraisin
• Eisenhower School walk-a-thon raised $11,000 (instead of selling unhealthy food products)
o Total profit for fundraising
o Green products/toolkit
• Walgreen's/Kwik Stop selling bananas, potatoes, onions, etc.
• Holy Family exercise contacts
• Food stamp rules —federal policy changes for what can be purchased with food stamps
• Websites for community health/wellness education and information
• Prevention/early intervention for mental health
• Mass marketing—help people in creative ways how to be healthy
• Involve youth—Every Child Every Promise, or create a youth coalition
• Workplace wellness programs and incentives
• Every Child E ery Promise
• Smarter City h Wellness silo development with IBM
IF
Threats:
41
• Economy/budget cuts
• Sustainability of new programs/initiatives.
• Coordination and tracking of community wellness/health activities, successes etc.
Promote Healthv Behaviors Assessment
Page 82 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Includes topics such as addictive behaviors (tobacco, alcohol, drugs, gambling), chronic disease (mental health,
cardiovascular disease, cancer, asthma, diabetes, arthritis, etc.), elderly wellness, family planning, infant, child
and family health, nutrition, oral health, physical activity, pregnancy and birth, and wellness.
The first two are addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan:
1. Poor nutrition/obesity: 27 percent obesity rate (County health ranking); 80 percent are not eating adequate
fruits/vegetables; 6.1 percent Diabetes rate (includes both Type I and Type II diabetes); 14 percent of deaths
attributed to diet/activity; 12.9 percent Diabetes hospitalization rate (IDPH 1995-2006) (11.5 percent State rate).
NN
2. Lack of physical activity/exercise: 19 percent of county residents do not exercise; 29 percent of residents
have high blood pressure; 6.1 percent rate Diabetes.
The remaining problems or needs were identified, but not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
3. Cancer prevention/early detection: tobacco use (smoking 16 percent) 44 percent rate (State 39.5
percent/100,000).
4. Substance abuse (binge drinking, underagVOOTH use, marijuana use, prescription drugs, tobacco, alcohol);
includes high risk behavior by youth using alcohol and drug use.
IF
5. Mental health access. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or
priorities in the community and lack of human resources or staff.)
6. High risk sexual behaviors including youth initiating sexual activity at younger age. (Not included in the
Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community and lack of financial
resources.)
Page 83 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
7. Prevention/screening for chronic disease.
8. Access to prenatal care in 1st trimester of pregnancy.
9. Need for increased education on healthy lifestyle behaviors (including regular exercise and healthy
diet/nutrition habits) among young (pre-school to grade school) children. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community and community partners do not
exist.)
10. Access to medical and dental care for all ages; access to vaccines for adults. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community and lack of financial
resources.)
14
11. Respite care services for caregivers in the home setting. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan
because of competing projects or priorities in the community and lack of access to technical assistance and
services.)
12. Community awareness to access services for residents/families discharged from the military and veterans
regardless of age. . (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities
in the community, lack of access to technical assistance and services, and lead organization does not exist.)
1;
Page 84 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Prevent Injuries Task Force
Chair: Deb Borley, Dubuque VNA
The Task Force reviewed the following data:
• Iowa Child Abuse Prevention Program-Prevent Child Abuse 2006-2009 (source: Iowa Dept. of Human
Services)
• Burden of Injury in Iowa: 2002-2006 (source: Iowa Department of Public Health)
• The National Children's Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety 2010 (source: National
Farm Medicine Center)
• Safe Community Task Force Recommendations to Dubuque Cill�council July 110.
Following data review,the Task Force identified the following areas of concern:
k
• Housing safety including falls of the elderly, fire safety and hoarding.
• Denial of Critical care for vulnerable populations (children and elderly).
• Mental Health care access.
• Healthcare for children.
• Child abuse: shaken baby syndrome, uncontrolled crying.
• Prescription drug abuse.
• Motor vehicle, motorcycle, boat and bicycle accidents.
• School, county and city playground accidents.
• Domestic violence: increase of 12 percent in past 12 months.
Prevent Injuries Assessment
Includes topics such as brain injury, disability, EMS trauma and system development, intentional injuries
(violent and abusive behavior, suicide), occupational health and safety, and unintentional injuries (motor vehicle
crashes, falls, poisoning, drowning, etc.).
The first item is addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan:
Page 85 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
1. Prevention of injuries due to alcohol impaired drivers all types vehicles (automobile, bicycle, boating, all-
terrain vehicle, snowmobile,jet ski, motorcycle accidents). Baseline rate Dubuque County adult binge drinking
21 percent (Iowa 20 percent). Alcohol use Dubuque County 6th-11th students 23 percent (State of Iowa 19
percent); Dubuque County 11th grade 46 percent(State of Iowa 36 percent).
The remaining problems or needs were identified, but not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
2. Prevention of MV accidents including those linked to alcohol/substance abuse and distracted driving(i.e., cell
phone/texting while driving). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or
priorities in the community and lack of community or public support.)
A
3. Fall prevention for all ages. (Not included in the Health Improve ntPlan bNityor
f competing projects or
priorities in the community, lead organization does not exist, and lacommuublic support.)
14
4. Violence prevention: includes sexual, domestic assault, and bullying. Baseline data on bullying: 51 percent
of Dubuque County grades 6, 8, and 11 had unfavorable response on bullying questions (DBQ Co Youth Survey
2008); Dubuque County 8th grade females 61 percent unfavorable response to bullying questions.
L
5. Prevention of accidents on city and county playgrounds; includes injuries resulting from organized/school
sports (i.e., violent hits occurring in football). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community, lead organization does not exist, and lack of financial
resources.)
6. Child abuse prevention includes identification and reporting in all settings as well as education of day care
providers in recognizing/reporting abuse. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing
projects or priorities in the community, lead organization does not exist, and lack of community or public
support.)
7. Prevention of physical assault includes all violent crimes.
8. Farm safety and prevention especially with minors working in the agriculture industry/community.
Page 86 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Page 87 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Protecting Against Environmental Hazards Task Force
Chair: Tim Link, City of Dubuque Health Services Department
The Task Force studied data from
EPA AIR Data 2008, (Air)
Scorecard for Dubuque County for Clean Water Act Status Report, Iowa Department of Natural Resources
(Surface Water)
Iowa Statewide Rural Well Water Survey Phase 2 (SWRA&well %ker
The Task Force noted that Dubuque County is very close to being deemed a non-attainment area due to p m 2.5
(fine particulate), which is a known trigger for respiratory problems.
Wastewater input was mainly due to group problem identification and well data and surface water data
SWOT Analysis
Strenp-ths:
• Requiring photo documentation for septic installations
• City Stormwater Management Plan
• Air Quality Task Force
• Decreasing lead levels in children
Weaknesses:
• Homeowners allowed to install septic systems;
• Storm Water Mgmt.-No staff in County to review/enforce
Page 88 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
• Number of homes approved for subdivisions-no limits and minimal lot size requirement,multiple septics/wells
• Minimum area for residential is 1 acre in county
• EIRUSS - County does not participate
• Air Quality- excessive PM2.5 exceeding threshold
• Lack of air quality expertise locally
• Lack of data on air quality
• Standing/ponding water
• Lack of knowledge on open burning
• Private wells-no regulations on testing especially non-public water supplies
• Lack of education of citizens regarding testing of private wells
• State well construction standards are weak and only minimum requirements. Many existing old wells don't meet
code.
• Lack of records on old wells
• Dubuque County has not used the septic system database put out by the IDNR
f&
Opportunities:
• Proposed Local Urban conservation Program from Dubuque Soil and Water conservation District
• Decentralized wastewater systems
• Enforcement/education of current well/septic regulations on a county level
• Healthy Homes Pilot Program
• Countyand City Nuisance Ordinances
• Existing well and septic databases
• Permit fees wells/septics)
• EIRUSS Eastern Iowa Regional Utility Service System
• County and CityrStormwater Management Ordinances
Protect Against Environmental Hazards Assessment
Includes topics such as drinking water protection, food safety, hazardous materials, hazardous waste, healthy
homes, lead poisoning, nuisances, onsite wastewater systems, radon, radiological health, and vector control.
The first two are addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan:
1. Poor Air Quality: Dubuque County Particulate Matter days—four days; State of Iowa=two days (County
Rankings data).
Page 89 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
2. Unsewered Communities: includes improper sewage disposal threatening safety of surface and drinking
water.
The remaining problems or needs were identified, but not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
3. Improved regulations to limit subdivision size in areas where public utilities are unavailable.
4. Need for Environmental Health Community Education for general public. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of community or public
support, and lack of financial resources.)
5. Need for enforcement of Environmental Health Ordinances. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan
because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of community or public support.)
6. Need for Healthy Homes with environmental health hazards (lead, radon, pests and vermin) eliminated. (Not
included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of
community or public support, and lack of financial resources.)
7. Access to safe food from producer to consumer includes safe storage of food. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of community or
public support.)
8. Need for improve in surface water protection. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because
of competing projects o ities in the community, lack of community or public support, and lack of financial
resources.)
9. Need to explore mass transit options and promote use of public transportation. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of community or public
support, and lack of financial resources.)
Page 90 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
10. Promote/explore use of alternative energy including ways to reduce carbon footprint; expand/promote for
eSustainable community and energy efficiency. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of financial resources.)
Page 91 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Preventing Epidemics and Spread of Disease Task Force
Chair: Cathy Tieskoetter, Dubuque VNA
The Task Force reviewed Public Health Standards for Preventing Epidemics and Spread of Disease. Many of
the Standards have already been addressed by Dubuque County in Annex H of the Preparedness Plan —
Continuous Quality Improvement Plan for Reportable Disease Surveillance System, and the Dubuque County
Isolation and Quarantine Procedure. These documents were circulated to Task Force members for review.
SWOT Analysis
Stren hs:
• Personnel in place
• Bi-Hospital Infection Control Committee
• Dubuque County Preparednesi Committee
• Immunization rates 98 percent- daycare through 12th grade
• Number of H1N1 vaccinations (30, 459) given in Dubuque County
Weaknesses:
• Communication with independent physician offices, long term care, home care and Veterans
Administration
• 24/7 reporting
• Limited number of physicians who contact VNA for reportable diseases.
• Lack of testing for Norovirus by practitioners.
• Only 1/3 of daycares represented in immunization rate. Maybe be lower for those under four years of
age.
Opportunities:
• Physician education on reportable disease
• Education for school nurses
• Easy reference for 24/7 surveillance plan
• Relationships with college health offices
• Employer education
Page 92 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Threats:
• Lack of funding leading to decrease in personnel
• Employer and community buy - in to support employee absences due to control spread of disease.
• Colleges and their transient populations
• Drug resistant organisms
• Lack of ill child care
• Communication with bordering state health departments
Top three weaknesses:
• Communication
• Norovirus testing available locally
• Immunizations
Top Threat:
• Multidrug-resistant organisms
After lengthy discussion the group deci�n the following recommendations for the Steering Committee:
PP
• Need to evaluate and improve communication between all providers/facilities/PH in Dubuque County
and evaluate the use of new technologies to enhance communication.
• Need to educate local providers regarding the process to report communicable diseases.
• Need to increase the number of local providers who report communicable diseases to PH as required by
state law. ,
• Need to investigate the feasibility of local laboratory to increase availability of testing and decrease the
turnaround time for test results, i.e. Norovirus for the Dubuque area.
• Need for community education to include immunizations and multi-drug resistant organisms.
Prevent Epidemics and the Spread of Disease Assessment
Includes topics such as disease investigation, control and surveillance, HIV/AIDS, immunization, reportable
diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, and tuberculosis (TB).
Page 93 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
The first item is addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan:
1. Need to evaluate and improve communication between all providers, facilities, and Public Health in Dubuque
County. Includes need to improve timely reporting of mandatory communicable disease cases by providers to
Local and State Public Health.
The remaining problems or needs were identified, but not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
2. Need to investigate the feasibility of local Dubuque laboratory to increase availability of testing and decrease
the turnaround time for test results (i.e., Norovirus testing).
K
3. Need to educate the community on benefits of immunizations and on prevention of multi-drug resistant
organisms.
4. Need for public education on ways to decrease spread of communicable diseases especially at mass
gatherings (i.e., three C's used during HIM). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of community or public support.)
PA
5. Need for increased education for providers on IDPH recommendations/protocols for treatment of
communicable diseases (includes protocol for rabies post exposure).
1611)
Page 94 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Preparing for, Responding to, and Recovering from Public Health Emergencies Task Force
Chair: Tom Berger, Dubuque County Emergency Management
Task Force members reviewed the Preparedness Public Health standards. The Preparedness Standard are part of
the overall Iowa Public Health standards adopted by Iowa Department of Public Health in 2007. Of the four
Preparedness Standards, group identified possible gaps/needs in some areas as follows:
• ER2b-L as PH is present at EOC but not confident in role at EOC.
• ER3a-L as participates in local multidisciplinary drills but only done full scale POD exercise once.
Need to drill again but a) now State/Regional plan is a five-year plan with full scales drills at the end of
the five years and b) cost of full scale is a barrier.
• ER4a-L training needs identified esp NIMS 700 and 800 for man county partners as well as training of
partners' staff on County plan.
SWOT Analysis:
Strenp-ths:
• Play well together
• Lengthy partnerships
• Cumulative knowledge
• Diverse/multidisciplinary membership
• Many providers/resources
• Training Center-well equipped EOC/updated phone system
• Multiple drills
• Open communication is
• New Public Health Director(new opportunities)
• EMA direction excellent, knowledgeable and willing to help
• Good Links with State PH/IDPH
• Engaged local Board of Health
Weaknesses:
• Communication!
• Unfamiliar with IC (Incident Command)
• Decreased funding result in decreased staff(school districts)
• Decreased people
Page 95 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
• Tri-State (involvement): travel through county and IL/WI residents come to DBQ for health care and
other services-puts strain on DBQ Co resources.
• Barriers to WI and IL
• Perception of importance of Preparedness work (some people get tired of hearing about preparedness,
i.e. H1N1)
• Dissemination of information/training etc beyond leadership level to staff level
• People learning new roles, responsibilities (new PH director, new school nurse leader
Opportunities:
• Additional opportunity to partner among organizations (training, planning, exercises)
• Educational sessions
• Public Information with outreach to citizens
• New leadership - Health Dept and schools
• Special Needs populations-planning, guidance, transportation issues.
• Diversity-culture issues in approaching all parts of community.
Threats: Iq
• Miscommunication/misinformation, lack of communication (leads to rumors)
• Major events: pandemic diseases/terrorist acts/natural disasters, man-made disasters
• Non-vaccinated patients (possibly non-compliant) refusing vaccine, put rest of community at risk
• Deceased funding, decreased staffing due to budget cuts
• Loss of experience/PH knowledge with retirements at IDPH
The Task Force agreed on the following weaknesses:
1. Lack of direction from CDC and State
2. Communication
3. Decreased funding, decreased staff(s of district)
4. Tri-State Area-travelers/transients across state lines (IL and WI)
5. Dissemination of information, training etc beyond leadership level to staff at partner agencies.
The following threats were prioritized:
1. Miscommunication/misinformation, lack of communication (leads to rumors)
2. Deceased funding, decreased staffing due to budget cuts
3. Major events: pandemic diseases/terrorist acts/natural disasters, man-made disasters
4.
The Task Force used the prioritized Weaknesses and Threats to develop the following recommendations to go
back to the CHNA-HIP Steering Committee:
Page 96 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
1. Improve communication from the top down (federal, state to local) so we can improve EOC operations,
PIO functions, and communication among partners.
2. Identify current and potential community partners (promoting participation) and assess the level of
preparedness knowledge training.
3. Promote collaboration/communication among tri-state agencies, providers, and residents in preparation
for PH events/disasters.
4.
The proposed goal is: `By 2015 Dubuque County Preparedness partners will participate in planned drills and be
familiar with their agency's role in county plan; local PH staff will be able to meet Incident Command
competencies and use Incident Command in drills/actual events."
Discussion on strategies centered mainly on education to improve local PH staff and community partners'
knowledge of plans and Incident Command. Need to review County PH NIMS matrix to see education needs.
ICS-300 and 400 course already planned for Dec 2010 and Jan 2011. Schools have had drills, but the parochial
school system has not participated. Need to include special populations in drill planning. Need to involve
county partners in linking their internal plan with County's PH plan and encourage use of IC model. Also
encourage training at staff level and to retrain with staff turnover.
Prepare for, Respond to, and Recover from Public Health Emergencies Assessment
Includes topics such as communication networks, emergency planning, emergency response, recovery planning,
risk communication, and surge capacity.
The first item is addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan:
1. Need to actively engage community partners in Preparedness training and information which includes
ensuring competency in Incident Command.
The remaining problems or needs were identified, but not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
2. Communication and miscommunication during an event or PH emergency/misinformation that leads to
rumors. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the
community, and lack of community or public support.)
Page 97 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
3. Decreased Preparedness funding each year/decreased available staff (especially school nurses). (Not
included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of
community or public support, lack of financial resources, and lack of human resources or staff.)
4. Tri-State area(Wisconsin and Illinois): residents and transients accessing preparedness/services across State
lines. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the
community, lack of community or public support, and lack of human resources or staff.)
4#
5. Inadequate PH personnel and volunteers to staff positions during an event. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of financial resources, and
lack of human resources or staff.)
6. Barriers to WI and IL in tri-state area including limited access foersonnel and supplies across state lines.
(Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competinjects or priorities in the community,
lack of financial resources, and lack of human resources or staff.)
7. Declining public perception of importance of Preparedness work (some people get tired of hearing about
preparedness; i.e., HIM). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or
priorities in the community, and lack of community or public support.)
8. People/staff learning new roles and responsibilities (new staff in partner organizations, new County Health
Executive Director and new school nurse leader). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of
competing projects or priorities in the community, and the need will be met as new public health staff learn their
roles.)
9. Potential magnitude of major events: pandemic diseases, terrorists acts, natural disasters, man-made
disasters.
10. Non-vaccinated people (possibly non-compliant) refusing vaccination putting rest of community at risk.
(Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community,
and lack of human resources or staff.)
11. Loss of experience/PH knowledge with retirement of many IDPH staff. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of-competing projects or priorities in the community, and the issue will resolve as
newly assigned IDPH staff learn their role in helping local partners.)
12. Need to simplify planning and communicate PH Emergency Planning to community and PH partners. (Not
included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and
IDPH/CDC requirements for local plan make it difficult to keep plan simple and less complex.)
13. PH Risk Communication targeted to high risk populations; PH Public Information Officer able to develop
clear message to target audience for desired action/response.
Page 98 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
14. Need to hold regular drills and exercises that include partners/agencies (including physicians). (Not
included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of
community or public support, lack of financial resources, and lack of human resources or staff.)
Page 99 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Task Force Report:
Public Health Infrastructure Task Force
Chair: Nan Colin, Dubuque VNA
The Task force reviewed the Public Health (PH) Governance Standards. The Governance Standards are part of
the overall Iowa Public Health Standards adopted by Iowa Department of Public Health in 2007. (The six
goals/PH responsibilities for this CHNA-HIP 2011 report are from these PH standards.) Of the six Governance
Standards, the Task Force identified possible gaps/needs in some areas as follows:
• GV2cL: Comply with other requirements of Iowa code and IAC pertaining to local Board of Health
(area of Environmental Health)
• GV3eL: Advocate for adequate resources for state and local public health to comply with the Iowa
Public Health Standards (advocate at all levels for funding and resources).
• GV4bL: Serve as the public health policy making body for the jurisdictioni cordance with Iowa
code (need for review/update of County policies).
• GV5bL: Review local public health regulations and ordinances at least every five years and update as
needed.
SWOTAnalysis:
Strengths:
• Partnerships including school districts (DBQ Comm and Western DBQ), VNA, Crescent CHC,
Hospitals throughout County Hillcrest, SASC (Substance Abuse Services Center), physicians offices
including MA, DIM and Independent providers.
• Quality of Providers: Comprehensive, high quality in City and County, Oral Health providers
• Automation: IT and data collection
• Transportation : strong for health related trips for T19 children
• Economics: prosperous community
• Go Green: strong sustainability efforts/initiative in City
• Some successful grant writing
• Health Education: workforce with vast knowledge
• Crescent Community Health Center
• Experienced Emergency Preparedness Planning
Opportunities:
• Include Long Term Care needs (nursing homes, home care providers, hospice providers)
• Partnerships across State lines (Grant and Jo Daviess Counties)
• Access to neurosurgery and psychiatry
Page 100 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
• Need improved infrastructure for Mental Health services both in local and State systems.
• Increased reporting and integration of data.
• Increased education for wellness of community/individuals and training of future PH and clinical
workforce
• Increase County green/sustainability efforts
• Increased support resources to structure grants
• Increase transportation within City for Medicare/uninsured adults
• Increase health education addressing chronic disease, prevention, and health literacy.
• Increase support/resources to identify and secure grants for infrastructure (i.e. DRA, state and federal
grants).
• Health Care Reform as details are released; will increase access to care for many
Weaknesses:
• Communication with all partners and providers 4ftk Ir
• Transportation to patient appointments
• Lack of leadership in PH infrastructure and no one understands structure of County PH
• Less than desirable PH County offices
• Low priority of PH by some in community
• Limited PH workforce (only two staff at County PH Dept)
• Marketing of PH (don't understand what PH does)
• Working with private providers (could involve providers more in decision making especially when PH
problem needs to be addressed)
• Poor understanding by private providers on how to apply for PH reimbursement when invoicing for PH
grant funds.
• Duplication of efforts/lack of coordination between partners
Threats:
• Availability of funding-shrinking state and federal grants-(should PH issues be publicly funded?)
• Some issues/programs not on priority list for community
• Health Care Reform: unknown future
• Lack of qualified/experienced PH workforce (aging of experienced workforce)
• System of access to specialty care, mental health providers
• State expectation to funds programs locally)
Page 101 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Top 3 Weaknesses:
1. Communication with all partners and providers
2. Working with private providers (could involve providers more in decision making especially when PH
problem needs to be addressed).
3. Poor understanding by private providers on how to apply for PH reimbursement when invoicing for PH
grant funds.
Top 3 Threats:
1. Availability/instability of funding
2. Perception of or low importance Public Health; lack of understanding of what PH does.
3. Workforce issues/recruitment to PH jobs.
After lengthy discussion, the group decided on the following two recommendations for Steering Committee:
1. Need for improved/better integral relationships between public and private providers through better
communications. (Includes need for more transparency, definition of roles, improved perception of PH
roles, decreased duplication, strengthen coordination of partnerships, optimization of resources, reduced
barriers to access, and leadership).
2. Need for secure funding base for locally-defined/prioritized PH programs.
Strengthen the Public Health Infrastructure Assessment
Includes topics such as access to quality health services, communi ty engagement, evaluation, health facilities,
health insurance, medical care, organizational capacity, pla thing, quality improvement, social determinants
(e.g., education and poverty levels), transportation, and workforce.
None of these are addressed in Dubuque County's Health Improvement Plan, because of competing projects or
priorities in the community or other reasons listed.
1. Need to expand Dubuque County Infrastructure to meet Local Public Health Standards.
2. Need for improved/better integral relationships between public and private providers through better
communications. (Includes need for more transparency, definition of roles, improved perception of PH roles,
decreased duplication, strengthen coordination of partnerships, optimization of resources, reduced barriers to
access, and leadership). (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or
priorities in the community, lack of community or public support, and lack of financial resources.)
Page 102 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
3. Need for secure funding base for locally prioritized PH programs. ). (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of financial
resources.)
4. Need for improved transportation system throughout Dubuque County to enable residents to travel to health
related appointments. Work with transportation partners in planning for better systems that will be used by
residents. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the
community, lack of community or public support, and lack of financial resources.)
5. Inadequate County Public Health offices due to lack of space, supplies, etc. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and currently BOH and BOS
are working together to improve HD office conditions.)
Y
6. Lack of public and health care providers understanding of what PH does/needs to promote or market value of
PH. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the
community, and lack of community or public support.) S
7. Improve working relationships with private providers and involve private providers in decision making when
a PH problem needs to be addressed. Include service providers during planning. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of access to technical
assistance and services, and lack of access to staff training and development.)
8. Poor understanding by private providers ow to apply for PH reimbursement when invoicing for PH grant
funds. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the
community, and it is addressed in County HIM AAR plan to establish clear direction for partners for billing.)
9. Duplication of efforts/lack of coordination between partners. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan
because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of community or public support, and
community does not understand PH structure and role of PH partners in Dubuque County.)
10. Some issues/programs not on priority list for community. (Not included in the Health Improvement
Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of community or public support.)
Page 103 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
11. Health Care Reform: Unknown future of impact on PH and healthcare access. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and when Feds publish
administrative rules for implementing the Affordable Health Care Act, local partners and PH will understand
roles in implementing the law.)
12. Aging PH workforce; need for planning for future PH needs. (Not included in the Health Improvement Plan
because of competing projects or priorities in the community, and lack of human resources or staff.)
13. System of access to specialty care especially mental health services. (Not included in the Health
Improvement Plan because of competing projects or priorities in the community, lack of financial resources, and
lack of human resources or staff.)
Dubuque County Health Improvement Plan
GOAL Strategies Who is responsible? When? (Timeline)
1. By 2016 the obesity rate a. Encourage community-wide City/County Public By December 2011
in Dubuque county will implementation of"Let's Move" ealth
decrease from 28percentto through local governments, schools,
24percent. families, community-based
organizations and schools.
ti
b. Offer affordable community-wide Dubuque County 2011-2016
Al a opportunities for physical Wellness Committee
fitness/exercise such as Live ,
Healthy Dubuque, Let's Move,
Reinventing the Family Meal, local
government recreation programs,
etc.
c. Provide physician/health care Dubuque County By January 2012
provider information/resources for Wellness Committee,
prescribing proper nutrition and health care organizations
physical activity interventions for (i.e.,hospitals, clinics,
their clients/patients. etc.),Dubuque County
Health Dept, City of
Dubuque Health
Services Dept.
Page 104 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
It
11 d. Encourage adoption of policies by Dubuque County Health By January 2012
'.community-based organizations, Dept, City of Dubuque
institutions,businesses and local Health Services Dept.
government aimed at improving working with local
fruit and vegetable consumption and businesses
physical activity for their
employees, customers, and clients.
2. By 2016 the rate of adult a. The Board of Health/Health Dubuque County Health By December 2011
binge drinking in Dubuque Department will partner with other Dept Ex. Director
County will decline from agencies, such as Dubuque County working with other
21percent to 17percent Safe Youth Coalition,Helping partners such as
(County Health Ranking Services for Northeast Iowa, Dubuque County Law
data),the rate of Dubuque Substance Abuse Services Center, Enforcement,Dubuque
County 11th graders who use and school districts to develop and County Safe Youth
alcohol will decline from implement a County plan to re Coalition,Helping
46percent to 36percent Services for Northeast
(Youth Survey 2008 data). Iowa, Substance Abuse
Services Center.
. PSA/media releases will be used Dubuque County Health By December 2011
cz
to increase public awareness of the Dept Ex. Director
severity of alcohol use problem in working with other
adults and teenagers. partners such as
Dubuque County Law
Enforcement,Dubuque
County Safe Youth
Coalition,Helping
Services for Northeast
Iowa, Substance Abuse
Services Center.
1
c. County Public Health will Dubuque County Health Through 2016
encourage/promote grant writing Dept Ex. Director
among partners to increase available working with other
funding for implementing plan. partners such as
1 Dubuque County Law
Enforcement,Dubuque
County Safe Youth
Coalition,Helping
Services for Northeast
Iowa, Substance Abuse
Services Center.
Page 105 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
d. County partners will work with Dubuque County Health Through 2016
governmental bodies to adopt Dept Ex. Director
ordinances and policies to reduce working with other
alcohol use when operating vehicles partners such as
and reduce underage alcohol use. Dubuque County Law
Enforcement,Dubuque
County Safe Youth
Coalition,Helping
Services for Northeast
Iowa, Substance Abuse
Services Center.
110000
3. By 2016 the air quality in a. Prohibit open burning on bad air Dubuque County Board By January 2013
Dubuque County will be in days. Minimize open burning. of Health and Board of
compliance with the clean Supervisors
Air Act standards by the
number of days of
moderately unhealthy and
unhealthy air days being
reduced(from 22 and 2)and
by maintaining attainment
standards for PM 2.5
MENO'b. Provide public education to Dubuque County Health By December 2012
10
100
:increase awareness of air quality Dept Ex. Director
problems, solutions, and develop working with other
best management practices to partners including Air
distribute to the community. Quality Task Force.
c. Publicize and educate community Dubuque County Health By December 2012
on current Air Quality Index with Dept Ex. Director
various media outlets. working with other
partners including Air
Quality Task Force.
qV
d.A Public Health representative City of Dubuque Health Through 2016
will participate in the Air Quality Services Dept
Task force.
e.Work with sources/generators of The Air Quality Task By January 2016
pm 2.5 to reduce emissions. Force
I. Partner with community based Dubuque County Health By December 2012
organizations(i.e.,Dubuque 2.0, Dept Ex. Director
ISU Extension)to engage the public working with other
to achieve cleaner air. partners including Air
Quality Task Force,
Dubuque 2.0, and ISU
Extension.
Page 106 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
4. Through 2016, develop a. Explore Health Department Dubuque County Health By January 2012
and implement a plan to participation in Eastern Iowa Dept Ex. Director
provide adequate wastewater Regional Utilities Service Systems working with other
treatment for unsewered and (EIRUSS)through ECIA. partners including Iowa
inadequately sewered DNR and ECIA.
communities.
b. Prioritize list of unsewered Dubuque County Health By January 2012
communities within Dubuque Dept Ex Director
County. worlang with other
partners including Iowa
DNR.
c. Develop timeline for plan Dubuque County Health By September 2011
implementation of top priority Dept Ex. Director
communities. working with other
partners including Iowa
DNR.
d. Enforce State code for non- Dubuque County Board Through 2016
compliant systems. of Health working with
` BOS and DNR
e. Research/secure funding l6 Dubuque County Health Through 2016
:implement plan. Dept Ex. Director
working with other
partners including Iowa
DNR and ECIA.
5. Through 2016 Dubuque a. County PH will annually review Dubuque County HD Ex By June 2011 and
County providers will report and update the County Director, VNA annually through
communicable disease cases Communicable Disease CQI Plan. Communicable Disease 2016
as required by Iowa Code to nurse, County
Local Public Health a Preparedness Committee
Iowa Department of is
Health(IDPH).
`b. Distribute IDPH/CADE Dubuque County HD Ex By June 2011
IMMMCommunicable Disease reporting Director, VNA
poster to all community partners Communicable Disease
responsible for mandatory reporting. nurse
c. Annually update County Dubuque County HD Ex By June 2011 and
Preparedness Plan so provider Director, VNA annually through
:contact information is correct and Communicable Disease 2016.
current. nurse, County
Preparedness Committee
Page 107 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
NEEd. Identify instances/cases when VNA Commun cable Through 2016.
gaps in mandatory reporting affected Disease nurses
NNI disease control;work with the
specific provider to provide
education for future timely
reporting.
e. Offer education on communicable Dubuque County HD Ex By June 2012
disease reporting according to Iowa Director, VNA
Code to providers(hospital Communicable Disease
emergency department staff, nurse
medical
care stlin c nurses, long-
term aft)
6. Through 2016 Dubuque a. Dubuque County Board of Health Dubuque County HD Ex By March 1, 2011
County Preparedness will empower local PH staff and the Director
partners will participate in County Preparedness Committee
required drills and be which meets quarterly to implement
familiar with their agency's strategies for the goal.
role in County plan, local PH
staff will meet Incident
Command competencies and
use Incident Command in
drills/actual events.
Preparedness Stakeholders Dubuque County HD Ex By April 1, 2011
Committee will report to the Director, CHNA-HIP
Dubuque County Preparedness Steering Committee
Committee on CHNA-HIP the chair, County EMA
Preparedness Goal and Plan so director
committee understands role in
:implementing strategies. IF
c. HD Ex Director will review Dubuque County HD Ex By August 2011
:County NIMS matrix to identify Director
MS t aining needs for PH staff
:covering key positions.
will work with County EMA County Preparedness By August 2011
Director to evaluate preparedness Committee and PH
education needs, develop an annual leaders
on plan,training sessions.nd schedule
Page 108 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Me. PH and County EMA will County Preparedness Annually through
schedule Preparedness drills Committee and PH 2016
o exercise key parts of leaders
County plan such as drilling
preparedness to special needs
populations, Universal
Volunteer Operations Center
(UVOC), functioning of EOC
and IC structure, interfacing
with par
I. Preparedness Committee will County Preparedness Annually through
work with member organizations to Committee members and 2016
assist with linking their PH leaders
:organization's Preparedness Plan to
:County PH Plan. Encourage
partners to incorporate Incident
Command structure into their
:agency plan
g. Encourage new PH leaderships and Annually through
partners/organizations to start County organizations, 2016
attending quarterly Preparedness agencies,businesses.
meetings.
h.Annual review of County County HD Ex Director Annually through
Preparedness MOU's with local 2016
partners and agencies who will
Plan during ane evenassist with t. the County
7
all )
Page 109 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 7- DUBUQUE FIRE REGULATIONS
6-9-2: BURNING RESTRICTIONS:
A. Solid Waste:
1. It shall be unlawful for any person to burn or incinerate any solid waste within the city except by
permission of the city manager. This subsection shall apply to all solid waste as defined by the Iowa
department of natural resources and shall specifically include all wastepaper, boxes, building materials,
yard waste, tree stumps, and all other materials other than conventional materials used as fuels for a
furnace or boiler.
2. This subsection shall not apply to any incinerator operated under a license granted by the Iowa
department of natural resources nor to any burning conducted under the direction of the fire department
for training purposes. L
3. This subsection shall not apply to outdoor cooking using charcoal, natural or propane gas as a fuel, small
wood fires consistent with section 307.3.2, recreational fires, of the international fire code, bonfires or
prescribed fires as regulated by this chapter. (2007 Code § 19-7)
B. Special Permission To Burn Yard Waste:
1. The city manager may allow the burning of yard waste, including tree stumps, and other yard generated
waste, for limited and specific periods. This provision shall apply only to the burning of such waste on
the premises where such waste was generated.
2. The city manager may only permit such open burning when the ambient air quality of the city has met
all air quality standards of the Iowa department of natural resources for the preceding six (6)month
period. (2007 Code § 19-8)
3. Cancellation Of Permitted Open Burning: Permitted open burning of yard waste may be cancelled
immediately by the city manager in the event of unfavorable local weather or atmospheric conditions, or
such other conditions as the city manager deems appropriate. (2007 Code § 19-9)
ILI�*
Page 110 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Bon Fire Permit
Application and Requirements
Definition: Bon Fires shall be identified as a controlled fire with wood piled more than 24"high and 36" in
diameter and flames exceeding five feet in height.
Bon Fire Permit Applicants shall comply with the following requirements before a permit may be issued.
1. Only grown form wood (firewood)may be used. No processed wood such as 2 x 4's, plywood, furniture,
or building materials may be burned.
2. Bon Fire sites shall be a minimum of fifty feet(50')from any combustible structure. Distances may be
increased as deemed necessary by the Fire Marshal.
3. Bon Fires may require a standby fire company as determined by the Fire Marshal. Cost of the standby
fire company to be paid for by event organizer.
4. Bon Fire sites will require site inspection by the Fire Marshal's Office at least two working days prior to
the event.
5. Fire shall be completely extinguished at the conclusion of the event.
Applications shall include the following information:
1. Name of event organiz d/ o contact person.
2. Billing Address.
3. Phone number.
4. Location of Bon Fire site.
Permit Fee: $20.00 ( If the Fire Marshal requires a standby fire company the permit fee would be included as
part of the standby company charge.)
Standby fire company fee: $60.00 per hour. (two personnel)
Special Conditions:
Fire may be extinguished at any time the Fire Department deems necessary due to a hazardous condition that
creates afire danger. Weather and atmospheric conditions may be afactor.
UPDATED April 23, 2004
Page 111 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Land Clearing
Open Burning Permit
Application and Requirements
Definition: The purpose of this permit is for the removal of large amounts of natural vegetation or growing form
wood as the result of land clearing activities for the purpose of land development or remote land maintenance.
Applicants for a Land Clearing Open Burning Permit shall comply with the following requirements before a
Permit may be issued.
A
1. Fire location shall be a minimum distance of/4 mile (1320 feet)from the nearest inhabitable structure of
neighboring property and a minimum of 50 feet clearance from any structure on the property of which
the fire is located.
2. Permission of a building owner/tenant closer than '/4 mile (1320 feet) shall be obtained in writing on a
form provided by the Fire Marshal's office and shall be submitted with the permit application.
3. Fire shall be located in an enclosed pit,trench or manufactured equivalent and shall be connected to an
approved mechanical blower or equivalent to enhance the combustion process.
4. Burning shall be conducted during the hours of sunrise to sunset on calm clear days.
5. Burning may be suspended by the Fire Marshal's office for air quality concerns, inappropriate weather
or atmospheric conditions or other hazardous conditions. A burn ban as declared by the Iowa State Fire
Marshal will cause the permit to be suspended until such burn ban would be lifted.
6. The burning site shall be constantly attended and the fire shall be allowed time to burn out prior to
sunset. is
7. Only natural vegetation or growing form wood originated from the affected property shall be burned.
The burning of any construction materials,tires or other garbage or waste is strictly prohibited.
8. Application shall contain a site plan showing the propose fire location and distances to structures located
on the property.
9. The Fire Marshal's office shall make a site visit prior to the issuance of the permit and shall monitor the
progress until burning is complete.
10. Application shall be submitted by the property owner or their representative.
11. Permit may be issued for up to 30 days as determined by the Fire Marshal's Office.
Applications shall include the following information:
1. Name of person or company doing the burn
2. Address.
3. Name of landowner if different from above.
4. Location of burn.
5. Phone number
Page 112 Dubuque's Path Forward tolmprovedAirQuality
Permit Fee: $500.00
Special Conditions:
Fire may be extinguished at any time the Fire Department deems necessary due to a
hazardous condition that creates a fire danger. Weather and atmospheric conditions
may be a factor.
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Page 113 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
APPENDIX 8-PETAL PROJECT
What is the " Petal Project"'
• It is easy for a business to claim they are "green"
or environmentally friendly.
• "Green" means different things to different
people
• The Petal Project provides
— a clear verifiable sustainability framework
— technical assistance from a Petal Project
representative
— a universally understood definition of a green
MPbusiness
— Attraction from consumers wishing to shop based on
e
peltd Ltheir values.
Project
Page 114 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Waste Reduction
Energy Conservation
etar
Pollution Prevention
Certified
Staff Education
19 Water Conservation
Page 115 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Energy Conservation Examples
9 measures required plus 5 of 17 optional
✓ Contact your heat provider for a free energy audit
✓ HVAC: Complete regularly scheduled maintenance at least
twice a year
✓ Assign a person to monitor each energy bill for sudden rises in
energy use and log the kWh in a spreadsheet or EPA Portfolio
Manager
✓ All hot water pipes and cold suction lines must be insulated
✓ Set the temperature on water heaters to no more than 120
degrees Fahrenheit
✓ Post signs reminding employees to turn off lights and
appliances when they are not needed
Page 116 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Pollution Prevention Examples
11 measures required plus 2 of 10 optional
✓ Provide transportation benefits to employees who carpool,
take mass transit, or ride their bicycles to work
✓ Collect items that are prohibited from the garbage (batteries,
CFLs, cell phones and other electronics, etc.) and institute a
program for their safe disposal
✓ Keep dumpsters covered and impermeable to rainwater. Keep
them from overflowing and keep dumpster/parking areas
clean
✓ Develop a fleet greening plan and provide criteria for buying
new and efficient vehicles.
✓ Provide secure bicycle storage for staff and customers
Page 117 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Water Conservation Examples
10 measures required plus 3 of 8 optional
✓ Understand your water bill and review it monthly for
indications of leaks, spikes, or other problems
✓ Check the property for leaks every b months. Leaks in toilet
tanks can be detected with leak detecting tablets
✓ Install low flow aerators or flow reducing valves with flow
rates not to exceed .5 gpm for hand washing sinks, 1 .5 gpm
for kitchen and lavatory sink faucets, and 1 .5 gpm high
efficiency showerheads.
✓ Install toilets with maximum flush volume of 1 .6 gpf or less
✓ Adjust sprinklers for proper coverage-optimize spacing, avoid
runoff onto paved surfaces
Page 118 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Staff Education Examples
8 measures required
✓ Adopt a written environmental policy statement stating your
business' commitment to operate as an eco-friendly business
and some practices that your business is implementing as an
eco-friendly business
✓ Create awareness of water and energy usage and solid and
hazardous waste generation
✓ Provide three ongoing incentives or training opportunities to
encourage management and employee participation
✓ Organize a green team to ensure continued monitoring of
green practices
✓ Inform your customers about your business' environmental
efforts
The• —
Page 119 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Partnerships/Resources
LOCAL
• DMASWA/Green Vision Schools
• Sustainable Dubuque
• Dubuque Area Chamber of Commerce
STATE
• Pollution Prevention Services
• Iowa Waste Exchange
• Iowa Waste Reduction Center
FEDLKAL
• EPA Portfolio Manager
• — • • Energy Star
Page 120 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQuality
Program Strengths
• Community-wide definition of a "green" business
• Community recognition
• Petal Project staff assistance
• Simple framework
• Increased access to partners and resources
• Documented cost savings
• Recognized
— Governor's Environmental Excellence Award, 2010
— National Award for Innovation from the National
Association of Development Organizations, 2010
— Iowa Green Advisory Committee — Highlighted in the
Recommendations for Creating an Iowa Green
• • Certification Program report (2010)
Page 121 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAirQualit,
Page 1 Dubuque's Path Forward to[mprovedAir Quality